Lemon Verbena - Cyclosporine Interaction

Lemon verbena is a small flowering shrub native to South America. Widely used in teas, beverages, foods, and perfumes, it has a history of traditional medicinal use for gastrointestinal, venous, and neurological conditions. Its leaf and flowering tops are most utilized, with water-based extracts rich in polyphenols like flavone diglucuronides and verbascoside. The essential oil contains caryophyllene, limonene, and linalool, and may possess antimicrobial properties. Lemon verbena leaf extracts are often standardized for polyphenol content, with specific products containing 18% polyphenols or 9% verbascoside and isoacteoside. Lemon verbena has a lemony fragrance and flavor but is not botanically related to lemons. Research suggests that verbascoside, found in lemon verbena, has anti-inflammatory effects, potentially impacting cytokine levels in multiple sclerosis. There's also interest in its anti-obesity effects, with studies showing potential appetite reduction and satiety promotion. Additionally, the plant's extracts may have antiparasitic effects against mites and ticks, and some studies indicate it could reduce muscle damage and oxidative stress related to exercise.