L-citrulline Interactions Overview

Additional Details

Is L-Citrulline Safe? Are There Any Warnings?

L-citrulline, a naturally occurring alpha-amino acid, appears to be generally safe when taken orally in appropriate doses. Clinical trials have demonstrated its safety for up to two months, with daily doses ranging from 1.5 to 6 grams. Even single doses or a total of 15 grams within a 24-hour period have been used without major concerns. When it comes to children, it has been used safely in both infants and older children under appropriate dosing. However, there's limited information regarding its safety during pregnancy and lactation, so caution is advised.

How Does L-Citrulline Work? What Is the Mechanism of Action?

L-citrulline, derived from the name of the watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris) from which it was first isolated, is a non-essential amino acid found in the body. Although not directly used in protein synthesis, it plays a crucial role in metabolic processes. L-citrulline is converted into L-arginine, another amino acid, which is further metabolized to produce nitric oxide. Nitric oxide is a vasodilator, meaning it widens blood vessels, improving circulation and oxygen delivery to muscles. This process can enhance exercise performance and reduce fatigue. Additionally, L-citrulline is associated with various physiological effects, including potential benefits for cardiovascular health and muscle strength.

Pharmacokinetics

When consumed, L-citrulline is absorbed in the body and significantly increases its levels, particularly with higher doses. Watermelon is a natural source of L-citrulline. Interestingly, ingestion of watermelon juice can also elevate plasma L-citrulline levels, providing potential health benefits. In the body, L-citrulline is converted into L-arginine, a precursor for nitric oxide, contributing to its vasodilatory effects.

Interaction Overview

It's important to exercise caution when using L-citrulline in conjunction with antihypertensive drugs or phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, as it may have additive effects that could lower blood pressure. Additionally, L-citrulline might interact with certain herbs and supplements that also have hypotensive effects.

Common Side Effects to Watch For

Generally, L-citrulline is well-tolerated when taken orally. The most common side effects include gastrointestinal discomfort and heartburn.

Are Supplements Standardized?

There is currently insufficient reliable information available regarding the standardization of L-citrulline in supplements.

What Is L-Citrulline Typically Used For?

L-citrulline is often used to enhance athletic performance. Studies suggest that a single oral dose before anaerobic resistance exercise can potentially reduce exhaustion and improve certain performance measures. However, its effectiveness in other conditions, such as sarcopenia, cardiovascular disease, dementia, diabetes, erectile dysfunction, and more, requires further research for a conclusive understanding.

Drugs that interact with L-citrulline