Neem Interactions Overview

Additional Details

Is Neem Safe? Are There Any Warnings?

Neem is generally considered safe when used appropriately and in recommended doses. However, there are a few important considerations and warnings:

• Avoid using neem twigs as chewing sticks as they may become contaminated with fungi.
• There is no evidence to support the use of neem for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19.
• Neem oil or seeds should not be used orally in large amounts or for a long time, as they may be toxic to the kidneys, liver, and can even cause cardiac arrest.
• Use of neem oil or leaf orally during pregnancy is not recommended, as it has been used as an abortifacient.
• Caution should be exercised when using neem in children, as oral use of neem oil can lead to severe poisoning.

It's important to consult with a healthcare professional before using neem, especially if you have any pre-existing medical conditions or are taking medications.

How is Neem Thought to Work? What is the Mechanism of Action?

Neem contains a variety of compounds that contribute to its potential health benefits. Some of the key mechanisms of action include:

• Anti-acne effects: Neem leaf extract possesses properties that can help combat acne, including antiviral, antibacterial, and astringent properties.
• Anticancer effects: Polysaccharides found in neem bark may have antitumor effects.
• Anti-inflammatory effects: Neem bark contains compounds such as tannins and polysaccharides, which may exhibit anti-inflammatory activity.
• Antimicrobial effect: Neem seed oil has shown antimicrobial, antifungal, and antiviral effects. Specific compounds in neem, such as margolone, margolonone, and isomargolonone, demonstrate activity against various bacteria.
• Antioxidant effects: Certain neem extracts have been shown to affect antioxidant levels and markers of oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner, potentially protecting against cellular damage caused by oxidative stress.
• Antiparasitic effects: Neem has traditionally been used to combat endo- and ectoparasites. Neem seed extract has been studied for its acaricidal and insecticidal properties.
• Antiviral effects: Neem seed oil has shown preliminary antiviral effects, including potential activity against HIV and other viruses.
• Contraceptive effects: Neem leaf extract may have antispermatogenic and antiandrogenic properties, affecting sperm mobility and viability. Neem seed oil has demonstrated spermicidal activity and potential as a vaginal contraceptive.
• Gastrointestinal effects: Neem bark and fruit extracts have exhibited antiulcer activity and may help in managing peptic ulcers.
• Hepatoprotective: Neem leaf extract may protect the liver from the hepatotoxic effects of certain substances, such as acetaminophen.
• Pesticidal effects: Azadirachtin, a component of neem, acts as a natural pesticide by disrupting the metamorphosis of insects.

These are just some of the mechanisms of action associated with neem. Further research is needed to fully understand the complexities of neem's effects on the body.

Pharmacokinetics

There is currently insufficient reliable information available about the pharmacokinetics of neem. More research is needed to understand how neem is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted by the body.

Interaction Overview (See Below for Full List)

Neem may interact with certain drugs and supplements. It's important to be cautious when combining neem with the following:

• Antidiabetes drugs
• Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) substrates
• Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) substrates
• Immunosuppressants
• P-glycoprotein substrates

Always consult with a healthcare professional before combining neem with any medications or supplements to avoid potential interactions.

Common Side Effects to Watch For

When used topically, neem is generally well tolerated. However, some individuals may experience contact dermatitis, especially if they have sensitive skin. It's important to be aware of this potential side effect and discontinue use if any skin irritation or allergic reactions occur.

Are Supplements Standardized?

There is insufficient reliable information available regarding the standardization of neem supplements. Standardization ensures consistent levels of active compounds in each supplement batch. As the standardization information for neem is limited, it's advisable to choose reputable brands that follow quality control practices to ensure the potency and safety of their products.

What is Neem Typically Used For?

Neem, a versatile plant, has a range of potential uses for various health conditions. Here are some of the common purposes for which neem is typically used:

• Dental plaque and gingivitis: Neem mouth rinses and gel extracts may help reduce dental plaque and gingivitis, although further research is needed to determine its effectiveness compared to other treatments.
• Lice: Topical neem extract shampoo has been used to treat lice in children.
• Acne: Neem extract, often used in combination with other ingredients, has been explored for its potential in treating acne, although more research is required.
• Contraception: Neem leaf extract and seed oil have been studied for their potential contraceptive effects. They may have antispermatogenic and antiandrogenic properties, affecting sperm mobility and viability. Neem seed oil has also shown spermicidal activity.
• Antimalarial: Certain components of neem, such as nimbolide and azadirachtin, have demonstrated antimalarial activity and are used in insecticides.
• Antimicrobial: Neem seed oil has exhibited antimicrobial, antifungal, and antiviral effects in preliminary research.
• Antioxidant: Specific neem extracts have shown antioxidant properties and the ability to reduce markers of oxidative stress.
• Mosquito repellent: Topical creams containing neem oil have been studied for their moderate to high-level protection against mosquitoes.
• Wound healing: Neem has been investigated for its potential in promoting wound healing, including diabetic foot ulcers, pressure ulcers, and venous leg ulcers, but more research is needed.

It's important to note that while neem has been used traditionally for these purposes, further scientific studies are necessary to establish its effectiveness and safety for each specific use. Consult with a healthcare professional before using neem for any health condition.

Drugs that interact with Neem