Tyrosine Interactions Overview

Additional Details

Is L-Tyrosine Safe? Are There Any Warnings?

L-Tyrosine, a nonessential amino acid, is naturally synthesized in the body from phenylalanine, an essential amino acid found in various foods like beans, nuts, meats, and dairy. For individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) unable to consume phenylalanine, tyrosine becomes essential. Tyrosine is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) when consumed in typical dietary amounts and has been used safely in medicinal doses for short periods.

How Is L-Tyrosine Thought To Work? What Is the Mechanism of Action?

L-Tyrosine is a vital amino acid, either sourced from the diet or synthesized within the body. It serves as a precursor for important neurotransmitters—norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine—essential for mood regulation and stress response. Additionally, tyrosine is involved in the synthesis of thyroxine and melanin. When stress depletes catecholamines, derived from tyrosine, supplementation can potentially help replenish them and mitigate stress-related effects, such as fear and reduced cognitive performance.

Pharmacokinetics

L-Tyrosine levels in the blood increase in a dose-dependent manner after oral consumption. The absorption is higher in adults over 60, likely due to lower liver metabolism. After ingestion, tyrosine's peak plasma levels usually occur within 1.5-3 hours. Tyrosine is metabolized in the brain to various neurotransmitters, and it competes with other amino acids for transport across the blood-brain barrier. Increased tyrosine intake elevates urinary levels of neurotransmitters and related compounds.

Interaction Overview

L-Tyrosine may interact with certain medications like levodopa and thyroid hormone medications, potentially affecting their effectiveness. However, interactions with supplements or specific health conditions are not well-documented.

Common Side Effects To Watch For

Orally, tyrosine is generally well-tolerated, with common side effects being fatigue, headache, heartburn, and nausea. However, comprehensive safety evaluations are lacking, and serious adverse effects have not been documented.

Are Supplements Standardized?

Information regarding the standardization and formulation of tyrosine supplements is limited and not well-documented.

What Is L-Tyrosine Typically Used For?

L-Tyrosine is effectively used in medical foods for individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) who cannot metabolize phenylalanine into tyrosine. Additionally, it shows promise in improving cognitive function, memory, and performance, especially in individuals exposed to stressors like extreme environmental conditions, intense exercise, and psychological stress.

Drugs that interact with Tyrosine