Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

D-Limonene Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Integrative Therapeutics

D-Limonene label
See full label image
Softgel Capsule Category: Non-nutrient/non-botanical
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 9, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking D-Limonene against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

D-Limonene is a dietary supplement by Integrative Therapeutics with 1 active ingredient. Its ingredients are commonly taken for vitamin c source, digestive upset, stress and relaxation (aromatherapy).Based on those ingredients, 246 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Orange Peel Extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against D-Limonene by Integrative Therapeutics

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with D-Limonene by Integrative Therapeutics — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of D-Limonene by Integrative Therapeutics

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 23, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 1 of its 1 active ingredient.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

This product contains one active ingredient: orange peel extract, also called D-limonene, which is a compound found naturally in citrus peels. The softgel capsule also contains gelatin, glycerin, and purified water as inactive ingredients to form and stabilize the capsule.

Does it work?

Couldn't assess
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not assessable

This is a single-ingredient Sweet Orange product and its label doesn't state a use — see Sweet Orange's own graded uses on its monograph.

Why this rating?
  • We looked at the product name, claims, and label statements and couldn't find a stated purpose to grade.

The evidence on orange peel extract for its commonly claimed uses—anxiety before procedures, asthma, prostate cancer, colds, constipation, and depression—is insufficient. We don't have reliable data in our monograph to say whether this ingredient works for any of these conditions.

If you're considering it for a specific health goal, that's a conversation to have with your doctor or pharmacist.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Sweet Orange

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 1 of the 1 matched ingredient.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 1 of 1.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 1 of 1.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

The whole orange fruit and juice are safe as food for most people, but concentrated extracts like this one haven't been studied as thoroughly, so use caution. There have been reports of intestinal cramping in children who ate large amounts of orange peel.

The product is rated likely safe for pregnancy and lactation, though concentrated supplements haven't been well studied in these situations either.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Sweet Orange

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 1 of the 1 matched ingredient can interact with medications — Sweet Orange.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • For scale: 246 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, double-check with your pharmacist if you use pravastatin or other statin cholesterol drugs, celiprolol or other heart/blood-pressure medications, ivermectin or other antiparasitic drugs, any antibiotic in the quinolone class (like ciprofloxacin), fexofenadine or other allergy medications, or any other drug that's a substrate of OATP or P-glycoprotein—a large group your pharmacist can identify. Major-severity interactions exist with several of these drug types.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with no assessable stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

D-Limonene from orange peel extract carries major interaction risks with blood pressure and cholesterol medications, antibiotics, allergy drugs, and many others. If you take any regular medications—especially for your heart, cholesterol, parasitic infections, or allergies—check with your doctor or pharmacist before starting this.

The evidence for its intended uses isn't established, so weigh the interaction risk carefully.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 1 of 1 active ingredient matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Feb 22, 2024.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about D-Limonene, straight from the product label.

Brand Integrative Therapeutics
Barcode (UPC) 871791004238
Net contents 10 Softgel(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Feb 22, 2024
DSLD ID 305284
Product type Non-nutrient/non-botanical
Supplement form Softgel Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Women (not pregnant or lactating), Gluten Free, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for D-Limonene by Integrative Therapeutics, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Softgel(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Softgel(s)
Servings per container
10
UPC/BARCODE
871791004238
IngredientAmount% DV
Orange Peel Extract1 Gram(s)--

Other ingredients: Gelatin, Glycerin, Water, Purified

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Recommendation: adults 18 years of age and older, upon first experiencing symptoms, swallow 1 softgel every other day for 20 days and 1 softgel as needed for occasional relief thereafter. Best if taken half an hour before or 1 hour after meals, with water. Do not bite or chew.

Precautions

When taken in combination with other immune therapies, consult a healthcare professional for recommended dose. Do not exceed recommended dose.

Not formulated for children.

Warning: do not use if you are pregnant, nursing, have gastritis or peptic ulcer disease. If you are taking any medications, consult a healthcare professional prior to use.

If symptoms persist, discontinue use and consult a healthcare professional.

Keep out of reach of children.

This product has a tamper-evident foil pouch. Do not use if foil or plastic is punctured.

Formulation

Contains no gluten, salt, wheat, corn, soy, dairy, or artificial colors.

Brand IP Statement(s)

Copyright 2023 Integrative Therapeutics, LLC

FDA Disclaimer Statement

This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

General Statements

For more information, please visit integrativepro.com.

Seals/Symbols

Quality Global Sourcing Bottled & Tested In The USA

Storage

Store at room temperature. Avoid excessive heat and direct sunlight.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

D-Limonene by Integrative Therapeutics label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

D-Limonene label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in D-Limonene by Integrative Therapeutics

This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Softgel(s) Dosage formSoftgel Capsule Servings per container10 Amounts shown are per serving.

Orange Peel Extract

Interacts with
246 drugs
1 Gram(s) per serving Form: D-Limonene

Sweet orange is a common citrus fruit that is a good source of vitamin C, fiber, and antioxidants, and is enjoyed as a food worldwide. Its peel and es...

Orange Peel Extract monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Gelatin, Glycerin, Water, Purified. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

D-Limonene by Integrative Therapeutics Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against D-Limonene?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
246Drugs
48 Major 198 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Orange Peel Extract 246

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in D-Limonene interact with 246 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

1 of the 1 ingredient in D-Limonene interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Orange Peel Extract

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in D-Limonene with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Orange Peel Extract7 drug types · 246 drugs

Celiprolol (Celicard)

Consuming sweet orange with celiprolol can decrease oral absorption of celiprolol.
A pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers shows that celiprolol levels, after a single dose of 100 mg, are decreased by up to 90% in people who drink sweet orange juice 200 mL three times daily. It's not known if lower consumption of sweet orange juice will have the same effect. Theoretically, this occurs due to short-term inhibition of organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP). Recommend separating drug administration and consumption of sweet orange by at least 4 hours.

Likelihood Likely Evidence B
Ivermectin (Stromectol, Others)

Consuming sweet orange juice with ivermectin can decrease the oral absorption of ivermectin.
A pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers shows that taking ivermectin orally with sweet orange juice 750 mL over 4 hours reduces the bioavailability of ivermectin. This effect does not seem to be related to effects on P-glycoprotein. The effect on ivermectin is more pronounced in males compared to females.

Likelihood Likely Evidence B
Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide Substrates (Oatp)

Consuming sweet orange juice can decrease oral absorption of OATP substrates. Separate administration by at least 4 hours.
Clinical research shows that consuming sweet orange juice inhibits OATP, which reduces bioavailability of oral drugs that are substrates of OATP. For example, sweet orange juice decreases bioavailability of fexofenadine, a substrate of OATP, by about 72% and of celiprolol, another OATP substrate, by up to 90%. Since sweet orange juice seems to affect OATP for a short time, recommend separating drug administration and consumption of sweet orange juice by at least 4 hours.

Likelihood Likely Evidence B
Pravastatin (Pravachol)

Consuming sweet orange juice with pravastatin can increase the absorption of pravastatin.
A small pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers shows that consuming sweet orange juice 800 mL over 3 hours, including before, during, and after taking pravastatin 10 mg, increases pravastatin levels by about 149%, without affecting pravastatin elimination. Theoretically this effect might be due to modulation of organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) by sweet orange juice. Sweet orange juice does not seem to affect simvastatin levels, but it is not known if sweet orange affects any of the other statins.

Likelihood Likely Evidence B
Fexofenadine (Allegra)

Consuming sweet orange juice with fexofenadine can decrease oral absorption of fexofenadine.
Clinical research shows that coadministration of sweet orange juice 1200 mL decreases bioavailability of fexofenadine by about 72%. In an animal model, sweet orange juice decreased bioavailability of fexofenadine by 31%. Fexofenadine manufacturer data indicates that concomitant administration of sweet orange juice and fexofenadine results in larger wheal and flare sizes in research models. This suggests that sweet orange reduces the clinical response to fexofenadine. Theoretically, this occurs due to short-term inhibition of organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP). Recommend separating drug administration and consumption of sweet orange by at least 4 hours.

Likelihood Likely Evidence B
P-Glycoprotein Substrates

Sweet orange juice seems to modulate P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which might affect the blood levels of P-gp substrates.
Animal and in vitro research suggest that orange juice extract inhibits drug efflux by P-gp, increasing absorption and levels of P-gp substrates. In contrast, pharmacokinetic research in humans shows that drinking large amounts of sweet orange juice decreases absorption and levels of the P-gp substrate celiprolol. This suggests that orange juice actually induces drug efflux by P-gp or affects drug levels by another mechanism such as inhibiting the gut drug transporter called organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP). Until more is known, sweet orange juice should be used cautiously in people taking P-gp substrates.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Quinolone Antibiotics

Calcium-fortified sweet orange juice might reduce quinolone absorption.
Calcium binds to quinolones in the gut. Theoretically, the calcium in certain fortified orange juices can also bind to quinolone antibiotics and reduce their absorption and levels.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Orange Peel Extract full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for D-Limonene, from the product label.

Integrative Therapeutics

See all Integrative Therapeutics products
Name
Integrative Therapeutics, LLC
City
Green Bay
State
WI
ZipCode
54311
Phone Number
800-931-1709
Web Address
integrativepro.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

D-Limonene by Integrative Therapeutics: Common Questions

Does D-Limonene by Integrative Therapeutics interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, D-Limonene has a known interaction with 246 medications, including 48 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
D-Limonene contains a single active ingredient, and that one ingredient can interact with many different medications on its own. We check it against each medication and show the mechanism responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Orange peel extract is rated likely safe for pregnancy and lactation. That said, concentrated supplements haven't been studied as well as the whole fruit, so talk with your doctor or midwife about whether it makes sense for you personally.
What is D-limonene, and what is it supposed to do?
D-limonene is a natural compound in orange peels. This product claims to help with anxiety before procedures, asthma, colds, constipation, depression, and prostate cancer, but the evidence isn't strong enough to say it actually works for any of those.
Will this upset my stomach?
The main reported side effect is intestinal cramping, which has been seen in children who ate large amounts of orange peel. At the supplement dose in this product, stomach upset isn't well documented, but concentrated extracts haven't been studied as much as the whole fruit.
Is this safer than eating oranges?
Whole oranges and orange juice are safe as food for most people. This concentrated extract hasn't been studied as much, so safety data is thinner. If you eat oranges without problems, that doesn't mean you'll tolerate a concentrated supplement the same way.
How should I take this if I'm on other medications?
Don't start without checking first. Orange peel extract changes how your body absorbs or processes many common drugs. Sit down with your pharmacist or doctor and go through your full medication list before you take any dose.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if D-Limonene is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

D-Limonene label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind D-Limonene’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Sweet Orange

Interacts with 246 drugs

Sweet orange is a common citrus fruit that is a good source of vitamin C, fiber, and antioxidants, and is enjoyed as a food worldwide. Its peel and essential oil are used in aromatherapy and...

Read the full Sweet Orange monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

D-Limonene's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 17 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Sweet Orange 17 references
  1. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
  2. FDA, CFSAN. FDA-approved potassium health claim notification for potassium containing foods. 2000. Available at: www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/hclm-k.html.
  3. Kurowska EM, Spence JD, Jordan J, et al. HDL-cholesterol-raising effect of orange juice in subjects with hypercholesterolemia. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72:1095-100. PubMed
  4. Murry JJ, Healy MD. Drug-mineral interactions: a new responsibility for the hospital dietician. J Am Diet Assoc 1991;91:66-73.
  5. Bailey DG, Dresser GK, Munoz C, et al. Reduction of fexofenadine bioavailability by fruit juices. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2001;69:P21.
  6. Pletz MW, Petzold P, Allen A, et al. Effect of calcium carbonate on bioavailability of orally administered gemifloxacin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003;47:2158-60.. PubMed
  7. Lilja JJ, Juntti-Patinen L, Neuvonen PJ. Orange juice substantially reduces the bioavailability of the beta-adrenergic-blocking agent celiprolol. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2004;75:184-90.
  8. Tian R, Koyabu N, Takanaga H, et al. Effects of grapefruit juice and orange juice on the intestinal efflux of P-glycoprotein substrates. Pharm Res 2002;19:802-9. PubMed
  9. Vanapalli SR, Chen Y, Ellingrod VL, et al. Orange juice decreases the oral bioavailability of ivermectin in health volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2003;73 (Abstract PDII-A-10):P94.
  10. Huang SM, Lesko LJ. Drug-drug, drug-dietary supplement, and drug-citrus fruit and other food interactions: what have we learned? J Clin Pharmacol 2004;44:559-69. PubMed
  11. Koitabashi Y, Kumai T, Matsumoto N, et al. Orange juice increased the bioavailability of pravastatin, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase inhibitor, in rats and healthy human subjects. Life Sci 2006;78:2852-9. PubMed
  12. Takanaga H, Ohnishi A, Yamada S, et al. Polymethoxylated flavones in orange juice are inhibitors of P-glycoprotein but not cytochrome P450 3A4. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2000;293:230-6. DOI
  13. Greenblatt DJ. Analysis of drug interactions involving fruit beverages and organic anion-transporting polypeptides. J Clin Pharmacol 2009;49:1403-7. PubMed
  14. Bailey DG. Fruit juice inhibition of uptake transport: a new type of food-drug interaction. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2010;70:645-55. PubMed
  15. Kamath AV, Yao M, Zhang Y, Chong S. Effect of fruit juices on the oral bioavailability of fexofenadine in rats. J Pharm Sci 2005;94:233-9. PubMed
  16. Kays MB, Overholser BR, Mueller BA, et al. Effects of sevelamer hydrochloride and calcium acetate on the oral bioavailability of ciprofloxacin. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003;42(6):1253-9. PubMed
  17. Neuhofel, A. L., Wilton, J. H., Victory, J. M., Hejmanowsk, L. G., and Amsden, G. W. Lack of bioequivalence of ciprofloxacin when administered with calcium-fortified orange juice: a new twist on an old interaction. J Clin Pharmacol. 2002;42(4):461-466. DOI

See these in context on the Sweet Orange monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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