Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

End Fatigue Pain Formula Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Integrative Therapeutics

End Fatigue Pain Formula label
See full label image
Tablet Or Pill Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking End Fatigue Pain Formula against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

End Fatigue Pain Formula is a dietary supplement by Integrative Therapeutics with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for joint pain and gout, exercise recovery and muscle soreness, sleep support.Based on those ingredients, 1,016 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Boswellia serrata gum resin extract, Willow (Salix spp.) bark extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against End Fatigue Pain Formula by Integrative Therapeutics

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with End Fatigue Pain Formula by Integrative Therapeutics — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
Prefer a human? Send your question to our licensed pharmacists — free, answered by email within 24 hours.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of End Fatigue Pain Formula by Integrative Therapeutics

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 3 of its 3 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

End Fatigue Pain Formula has three active ingredients. Sweet cherry fruit extract and Boswellia serrata gum resin are both plant extracts often used to address inflammation and discomfort.

Willow bark extract rounds out the formula. The product also contains several inactive ingredients — cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, silicon dioxide, glycerin, vegetable juice color, and citric acid — which serve as binders, thickeners, and fillers to hold the tablet together.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: End fatigue and pain.
  • We looked for evidence on: Exercise-induced muscle soreness, Gout, Knee pain, Osteoarthritis, Postoperative pain, Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) — and 3 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Boswellia Serrata is rated "Possibly Effective" for Osteoarthritis (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Boswellia Serrata is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Exercise-induced muscle soreness, Postoperative pain, Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Knee pain.
  • Also on file: Willow Bark is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

The evidence for this formula's ingredients is mixed. Boswellia serrata is rated possibly effective for osteoarthritis — one of the main concerns this product appears to address.

For sweet cherry, the data we hold rates its use for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and osteoarthritis as insufficient evidence to rate; we don't have effectiveness information on file for willow bark. If you're considering this product for a specific condition, talk it over with your pharmacist or doctor so they can review what the current research actually supports.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Sweet Cherry Boswellia Serrata Willow Bark

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 3 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 3 of 3.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 3 of 3.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Sweet cherry is generally well tolerated, though it can trigger allergic reactions in sensitive people — ranging from mouth irritation to hives, throat swelling, breathing trouble, cough, or stomach upset. Boswellia serrata is also generally well tolerated in the short term, with the most common side effects being stomach pain, diarrhea, headache, heartburn, itching, and nausea.

Dizziness and vertigo have also been reported by some users. A rare but serious complication — blockage in the gut from the resin — has been documented when very large amounts are chewed and swallowed.

Regarding pregnancy and lactation: the safety data advises against Boswellia serrata during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Sweet cherry concentrated supplements haven't been studied in pregnancy or lactation, so caution is warranted.

Talk with your doctor or pharmacist if you're pregnant, planning pregnancy, or breastfeeding.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Sweet Cherry Boswellia Serrata Willow Bark

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 3 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Boswellia Serrata, Willow Bark.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs.
  • For scale: 1,017 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, double-check any medications you take that are processed by your liver as CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, or CYP3A4 substrates — Boswellia serrata may raise their levels (Moderate severity). Also check if you're on any immunosuppressants, as the formula may theoretically alter how they work (Moderate severity).

Use the medication checker on this page with your exact drugs.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This formula may be worth considering if you're dealing with joint discomfort and want a plant-based approach, though evidence for most uses is limited. The main concern is Boswellia serrata's potential to raise levels of many common medications — so if you take prescriptions, especially those processed by your liver, check them against the tool below first.

Avoid during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Chat with your pharmacist before you start.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 3 of 3 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Apr 25, 2019.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about End Fatigue Pain Formula, straight from the product label.

Brand Integrative Therapeutics
Barcode (UPC) 871791001220
Net contents 90 Tablet(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Apr 25, 2019
DSLD ID 184906
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Tablet Or Pill
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free, Sugar Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for End Fatigue Pain Formula by Integrative Therapeutics, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Tablet(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Tablet(s)
UPC/BARCODE
871791001220
IngredientAmount% DV
Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium) fruit extract333 mg--
Boswellia serrata gum resin extract300 mg--
Willow (Salix spp.) bark extract266 mg--

Other ingredients: Cellulose, Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Stearic Acid, Magnesium Stearate, Silicon Dioxide, Glycerin, Vegetable juice color, Citric Acid

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Recommendation: Take 1 tablet three times daily, or as recommended by your healthcare professional. May increase to 2 tablets three times daily if needed for additional support. Though relief will be noted immediately, continued use may be needed to achieve maximum effects.

Precautions

Keep out of reach of children.

Safety sealed with printed inner seal. Do not use if seal is broken or missing.

Warning: Do not use this product for children with a fever.

Do not use if pregnant or nursing.

Do not use if you have an ulcer or are allergic to, or have contraindications to aspirin or other salicylates.

If taking blood-thinning or any other medications, consult a healthcare professional before use.

Discontinue use two weeks prior to surgery or if stomach upset occurs.

Formulation

Contains no sugar, salt, yeast, wheat, gluten, soy, dairy products, artificial flavors, preservatives, or ingredients of animal origin.

Brand IP Statement(s)

2018 Integrative Therapeutics, LLC

General

LZ72799.D01 BLK279D

FDA Disclaimer Statement

This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

End Fatigue Pain Formula by Integrative Therapeutics label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

End Fatigue Pain Formula label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in End Fatigue Pain Formula by Integrative Therapeutics

These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium) fruit extract

No known
interactions
333 mg per serving

Sweet cherry (Prunus avium) is a popular fruit rich in antioxidants and natural plant pigments, and it is sometimes used as a supplement for gout, sor...

Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium) fruit extract monograph & interactions

Boswellia serrata gum resin extract

Interacts with
952 drugs
300 mg per serving Form: Boswellic Acids

Boswellia serrata is a tree resin used in traditional medicine, mainly for joint pain and inflammation. Some studies suggest it may help with osteoart...

Boswellia serrata gum resin extract monograph & interactions

Willow (Salix spp.) bark extract

Interacts with
127 drugs
266 mg per serving Form: Salicin

Willow bark is a traditional plant remedy that contains salicin, a compound related to aspirin, and is most often used for pain and inflammation. Some...

Willow (Salix spp.) bark extract monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Cellulose, Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Stearic Acid, Magnesium Stearate, Silicon Dioxide, Glycerin, Vegetable juice color, Citric Acid. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

End Fatigue Pain Formula by Integrative Therapeutics Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against End Fatigue Pain Formula?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,016Drugs
1,016 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Boswellia serrata gum resin extract 952
Willow (Salix spp.) bark extract 127

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in End Fatigue Pain Formula interact with 1,016 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 3 ingredients in End Fatigue Pain Formula interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Boswellia serrata gum resin extract Willow (Salix spp.) bark extract

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in End Fatigue Pain Formula with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Boswellia serrata gum resin extract6 drug types · 952 drugs

Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, Boswellia serrata might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that Boswellia serrata gum resin inhibits CYP1A2 enzymes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates

Theoretically, Boswellia serrata might increase the levels of CYP2C19 substrates.
In vitro research shows that Boswellia serrata gum resin inhibits CYP2C19 enzymes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, Boswellia serrata might increase the levels of CYP2C9 substrates.
In vitro research shows that Boswellia serrata gum resin inhibits CYP2C9 enzymes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Theoretically, Boswellia serrata might increase the levels of CYP2D6 substrates.
In vitro research shows that Boswellia serrata gum resin inhibits CYP2D6 enzymes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, Boswellia serrata might increase or decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research shows that Boswellia serrata gum resin inhibits CYP3A4 enzymes. Other in vitro research shows that Boswellia serrata extract inhibits CYP3A4 enzymes at most concentrations, although it may modestly induce enzyme activity at low concentrations.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, Boswellia serrata might alter the effects of immunosuppressive drugs.
Some in vitro research suggests that Boswellia serrata extracts might inhibit mediators of autoimmune disorders such as leukotrienes and reduce production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity. However, other in vitro research suggests that, when coupled with calcium ions, boswellic acids containing the keto group have immunostimulant properties within specific cell signaling pathways.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Boswellia serrata gum resin extract full monograph & interactions

Willow (Salix spp.) bark extract5 drug types · 127 drugs

Acetazolamide

Theoretically, willow bark might result in additive adverse effects associated with acetazolamide.
Willow bark contains salicin, a plant salicylate. Human case reports suggests that a combination of acetazolamide and salicylate increases unbound plasma levels of acetazolamide, as well as adverse effects related to acetazolamide.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, willow bark might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.
Willow bark has antiplatelet effects, but less so than aspirin.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Aspirin

Theoretically, willow bark might increase the effects and adverse effects of aspirin.
Willow bark contains salicin, a plant salicylate. It might have an additive effect when taken with other salicylate-containing drugs such as aspirin.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Choline Magnesium Trisalicylate (Trilisate)

Theoretically, willow bark might increase the effects and adverse effects of choline magnesium trisalicylate.
Willow bark contains salicin, a plant salicylate. It might have an additive effect when taken with other salicylate-containing drugs such as choline magnesium trisalicylate.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Salsalate (Disalcid)

Theoretically, willow bark might increase the effects and adverse effects of salsalate.
Willow bark contains salicin, a plant salicylate. It might have an additive effect when taken with other salicylate-containing drugs such as salsalate.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Willow (Salix spp.) bark extract full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for End Fatigue Pain Formula, from the product label.

Integrative Therapeutics

See all Integrative Therapeutics products
Name
Integrative Therapeutics, LLC
City
Green Bay
State
WI
ZipCode
54311
Phone Number
800.931.1709
Web Address
integrativepro.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

End Fatigue Pain Formula by Integrative Therapeutics: Common Questions

Does End Fatigue Pain Formula by Integrative Therapeutics interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, End Fatigue Pain Formula has a known interaction with 1,016 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
End Fatigue Pain Formula contains 3 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Does this work for arthritis or joint pain?
Boswellia serrata, one of the three ingredients, is rated possibly effective for osteoarthritis. Sweet cherry and willow bark are included, but we don't have strong evidence on file for how well they work for joint issues. Your best bet is to talk with your doctor about whether this formula fits your situation.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
The safety data advises against Boswellia serrata during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Sweet cherry concentrated supplements haven't been studied enough in pregnancy or lactation to know either way. You should discuss this product with your doctor or pharmacist before using it if you're pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
What are the most common side effects?
Boswellia serrata, the main active ingredient, most often causes stomach pain, diarrhea, headache, heartburn, itching, and nausea. Some people also report dizziness or vertigo. Sweet cherry can trigger allergic reactions in sensitive individuals, ranging from mouth irritation to hives or breathing trouble.
Is this product a blood thinner?
We don't have specific interaction data showing that End Fatigue Pain Formula acts as a blood thinner. However, willow bark extract is a plant source of salicylates — compounds related to aspirin — so if you take blood thinners or other medications, check them with your pharmacist or doctor before starting.
Why does the formula have so many inactive ingredients?
The inactive ingredients — cellulose, binders, thickeners, and fillers like magnesium stearate and silicon dioxide — help hold the tablet together and keep it stable. They're standard in tablet formulations and don't add therapeutic benefit, but they do make the product easier to manufacture and take.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if End Fatigue Pain Formula is safe with your meds?

Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.

Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

End Fatigue Pain Formula label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind End Fatigue Pain Formula’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Sweet Cherry

Sweet cherry (Prunus avium) is a popular fruit rich in antioxidants and natural plant pigments, and it is sometimes used as a supplement for gout, sore muscles, and sleep. The research that...

Read the full Sweet Cherry monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Boswellia Serrata

Interacts with 952 drugs

Boswellia serrata is a tree resin used in traditional medicine, mainly for joint pain and inflammation. Some studies suggest it may help with osteoarthritis symptoms, but the overall evidenc...

Read the full Boswellia Serrata monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Willow Bark

Interacts with 127 drugs

Willow bark is a traditional plant remedy that contains salicin, a compound related to aspirin, and is most often used for pain and inflammation. Some evidence suggests it may modestly help...

Read the full Willow Bark monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

End Fatigue Pain Formula's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 31 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Sweet Cherry 3 references
  1. Serrano M, Guillen F, Martinez-Romero D, et al. Chemical constiuents and antioxidant activity of sweet cherry at different ripening stages. J Agric Food Chem 2005;53:2741-5.
  2. Ballmer-Weber BK, Scheurer S, Fritsche P, et al. Component-resolved diagnosis with recombinant allergens in patients with cherry allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002;110:167-73. PubMed
  3. Goncalves B, Landbo AK, Knudsen D, et al. Effect of ripeness and postharvest storage on the phenolic profiles of Cherries (Prunus avium L.). J Agric Food Chem 2004;52:523-30.

See these in context on the Sweet Cherry monograph →

Boswellia Serrata 16 references
  1. Gupta I, Gupta V, Parihar A, et al. Effects of Boswellia serrata gum resin in patients with bronchial asthma: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, 6-week clinical study. Eur J Med Res 1998;3:511-4.
  2. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
  3. Kimmatkar N, Thawani V, Hingorani L, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of Boswellia serrata extract in treatment of osteoarthritis of knee--a randomized double blind placebo controlled trial. Phytomedicine 2003;10:3-7. PubMed
  4. Liu JJ, Nilsson A, Oredsson S, et al. Boswellic acids trigger apoptosis via a pathway dependent on caspase-8 activation but independent on Fas/Fas ligand interaction in colon cancer HT-29 cells. Carcinogenesis 2002;23:2087-93. PubMed
  5. Wildfeuer A, Neu IS, Safayhi H, et al. Effects of boswellic acids extracted from a herbal medicine on the biosynthesis of leukotrienes and the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Arzneimittelforschung 1998;48:668-74.
  6. Gupta I, Parihar A, Malhotra P, et al. Effects of gum resin of Boswellia serrata in patients with chronic colitis. Planta Med 2001;67:391-5. PubMed
  7. Sengupta K, Alluri KV, Satish AR, et al. A double blind, randomized, placebo controlled study of the efficacy and safety of 5-Loxin. Arthritis Res Ther 2008;10:R85.
  8. Sengupta K, Krishnaraju AV, Vishal AA, et al. Comparative efficacy and tolerability of 5-Loxin and Aflapin against osteoarthritis of the knee: a double blind, randomized, placebo controlled clinical study. Int J Med Sci 2010;7:366-77.
  9. Ernst E. Frankincense: systematic review. BMJ 2008;337:a2813. PubMed
  10. Kirste S, Treier M, Wehrle SJ, et al. Boswellia serratea extract acts on cerebral edema in patients irradiated for brain tumors: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind pilot trial. Cancer 2011;117:3788-95.
  11. Frank A, Unger M. Analysis of frankincense from various Boswellia species with inhibitory activity on human drug metabolising cytochrome P450 enzymes using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry after automated on-line extraction. J Chromatogr A 2006;111 PubMed
  12. Altmann A, Poeckel D, Fischer L, et al. Coupling of boswellic acid-incuded Ca2+ mobilisation and MAPK activation to lipid metabolism and peroxide formation in human leucocytes. Br J Pharmacol 2004;141:223-32.
  13. El Fortia, M., Badi, H., Elalem, Kh, Kadiki, O., and Topov, Y. Olibanum bezoar: complication of a traditional popular medicine. East Mediterr.Health J 2006;12(6):927-929.
  14. Meshkat S, Mahmoodi Baram S, Rajaei S, et al. Boswellia serrata extract shows cognitive benefits in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot clinical trial in individuals who suffered traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj 2022;36(4):553-559. PubMed
  15. Haron MH, Dale O, Martin K, et al. Evaluation of the Herb-Drug Interaction Potential of Commonly Used Botanicals on the US Market with Regard to PXR- and AhR-Mediated Influences on CYP3A4 and CYP1A2. J Diet Suppl 2022. PubMed
  16. Valente IVB, Garcia D, Abbott A, et al. The anti-proliferative effects of a frankincense extract in a window of opportunity phase ia clinical trial for patients with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024;204(3):521-530. PubMed

See these in context on the Boswellia Serrata monograph →

Willow Bark 12 references
  1. Chrubasik S, Eisenberg E, Balan E, et al. Treatment of low back pain exacerbations with willow bark extract: a randomized double-blind study. Am J Med 2000;109:9-14. PubMed
  2. Schmid B, Ludtke R, Selbmann HK, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of a standardized willow bark extract in patients with osteoarthritis: randomized placebo-controlled, double blind clinical trial. Phytother Res 2001;15:344-50. PubMed
  3. Biegert C, Wagner I, Ludtke R, et al. Efficacy and safety of willow bark extract in the treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: results of 2 randomized double-blind controlled trials. J Rheumatol 2004;31:2121-30.
  4. Unsworth J, d'Assis-Fonseca A, Beswick DT, Blake DR. Serum salicylate levels in a breast fed infant. Ann Rheum Dis 1987;46:638-9. PubMed
  5. Clark JH, Wilson WG. A 16-day-old breast-fed infant with metabolic acidosis caused by salicylate. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1981;20:53-4. PubMed
  6. Chrubasik S, Kunzel O, Model A, et al. Treatment of low back pain with a herbal or synthetic anti-rheumatic: a randomized controlled study. Willow bark extract for low back pain. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2001;40:1388-93. PubMed
  7. Schmid B, Kotter I, Heide L. Pharmacokinetics of salicin after oral administration of a standardised willow bark extract. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2001;57:387-91. PubMed
  8. Krivoy N, Pavlotzky E, Chrubasik S, et al. Effect of salicis cortex extract on human platelet aggregation. Planta Med 2001;67:209-12. PubMed
  9. Mills SY, Jacoby RK, Chacksfield M, Willoughby M. Effect of a proprietary herbal medicine on the relief of chronic arthritic pain: a double-blind study. Br J Rheumatol 1996;35:874-8. PubMed
  10. Chrubasik, S., Kunzel, O., Black, A., Conradt, C., and Kerschbaumer, F. Potential economic impact of using a proprietary willow bark extract in outpatient treatment of low back pain: an open non-randomized study. Phytomedicine 2001;8(4):241-251. PubMed
  11. <p>Moro PA, Flacco V, Cassetti F, Clementi V, Colombo ML, Chiesa GM, Menniti-Ippolito F, Raschetti R, Santuccio C. Hypovolemic shock due to severe gastrointestinal bleeding in a child taking an herbal syrup. Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2011;47(3):278-83.</p>
  12. Sweeney, K. R., Chapron, D. J., Brandt, J. L., Gomolin, I. H., Feig, P. U., and Kramer, P. A. Toxic interaction between acetazolamide and salicylate: case reports and a pharmacokinetic explanation. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1986;40(5):518-524.

See these in context on the Willow Bark monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

Keep exploring
Supplement interaction checker › Check any supplement or product against your medications Drug–drug interactions › Check two or more of your medications against each other Browse medications A–Z › Every drug we've checked against herbs & supplements NDC & pricing lookup › Find a drug’s NDCs, packaging and costs Ask a pharmacist › Free, personal answer from our licensed team