Spice Syrup Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by Dr. Clark Research Association Dr. Clark Zentrum
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Spice Syrup against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Spice Syrup is a dietary supplement by Dr. Clark Research Association Dr. Clark Zentrum with 7 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for digestive upset and bloating, infant colic, menstrual cramps.Based on those ingredients, 1,396 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Clove essential oil, Peppermint essential Oil, Fennel Essential Oil. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Spice Syrup by Dr. Clark Research Association Dr. Clark Zentrum
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Spice Syrup by Dr. Clark Research Association Dr. Clark Zentrum — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Spice Syrup by Dr. Clark Research Association Dr. Clark Zentrum
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Spice Syrup is a liquid blend of 7 ingredients, 6 of which are active: fennel essential oil, peppermint essential oil, clove essential oil, coriander essential oil, white thyme essential oil, and nutmeg essential oil. These are concentrated plant oils that give the syrup its flavor and aroma.
The product also contains maple syrup as a base and inactive ingredients (coriander, peppermint, clove, white thyme, nutmeg, and fennel), which are excipients that support the formulation.
Does it work?
Strong evidence
The evidence we hold on effectiveness is mixed and mostly limited. Fennel is possibly effective for dysmenorrhea (painful periods), but the evidence for bronchitis, anxiety, nocturnal enuresis, and cholera is insufficient.
Peppermint is likely effective for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and possibly effective for indigestion, nausea from chemotherapy or medical procedures, and related digestive issues. Clove is possibly effective for ventilator-associated pneumonia, but evidence for cough, acute pain, and indigestion is insufficient.
Coriander, thyme, and nutmeg all lack sufficient reliable evidence for the conditions they're traditionally used for—including loss of appetite, anxiety, constipation, diabetes, diarrhea, and indigestion for coriander; bronchitis, aging skin, and hair loss for thyme; and dental caries, diarrhea, and bad breath for nutmeg. If you're considering this syrup for a specific reason, ask your pharmacist whether the evidence supports that use.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
These essential oils are generally well tolerated in food amounts, but this product is a concentrated syrup—not a food seasoning—so safety depends on how much you take. Fennel can cause gastrointestinal discomfort, photosensitivity (reaction to sun exposure), and allergic reactions; seizures are rare but documented.
Peppermint is generally well tolerated but may cause abdominal pain, anal burning, diarrhea, dry mouth, heartburn, nausea, or vomiting; anaphylaxis is rare. Clove can cause burning, contact dermatitis, and other topical irritation; liver failure is rare, and clove oil in small amounts (5–10 mL) can be toxic in children.
Coriander is generally safe in food amounts and well tolerated; contact dermatitis is possible topically, and anaphylaxis is rare. Thyme is well tolerated but may cause allergic reactions, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, heartburn, nausea, or vomiting, and contact dermatitis topically.
Nutmeg is safe as a food spice but is toxic at high doses—serious poisoning can cause hallucinations, depression, cardiac and gastrointestinal problems, and death. Fennel is rated possibly unsafe in pregnancy and lactation due to limited safety data and possible hormone effects.
Peppermint is likely safe during pregnancy and lactation. Clove and thyme are likely safe in pregnancy and lactation.
Coriander has no safety rating on file for pregnancy and lactation. Nutmeg is rated likely safe in pregnancy but possibly unsafe (one source lists it that way), and likely safe during lactation.
Because this is a blend of concentrated essential oils and the dosage per use isn't specified here, talk with your doctor or pharmacist before using it if you're pregnant or breastfeeding.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking this product, double-check these medication types with your pharmacist: blood thinners (anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs)—moderate severity; contraceptive drugs and hormone replacement therapy (estrogens)—moderate; blood sugar medications (antidiabetes drugs) and sedatives (CNS depressants)—moderate; blood pressure medications (antihypertensive drugs)—moderate; drugs your liver breaks down, especially via CYP3A4, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, and CYP1A2 pathways—moderate; and drugs affecting acetylcholine (anticholinergic and cholinergic medications)—moderate. This is not an exhaustive list; run your complete medication list through the interaction checker.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with strong clinical evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Spice Syrup is a multi-ingredient essential oil blend with serious interaction potential—especially with blood thinners, hormonal drugs, diabetes medications, sedatives, and liver-processed medications. If you take any prescription or over-the-counter medications, check them against the interaction tool on this page before you start.
Peppermint oil is the most established ingredient for digestive issues (especially IBS), but the others lack robust evidence. Ask your pharmacist whether this product is right for your situation.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 6 of 7 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jun 24, 2020.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Spice Syrup, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Dr. Clark Research Association Dr. Clark Zentrum |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 7640116929494 |
| Net contents | 120 mL; 4 Ounce(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Jun 24, 2020 |
| DSLD ID | 223457 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Liquid |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other |
| Intended target group(s) | Children 4 or More Years of Age, Adult (18 - 50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Spice Syrup by Dr. Clark Research Association Dr. Clark Zentrum, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Essential Oils | 0 NP | -- |
| Fennel Essential Oil | 0 NP | -- |
| Peppermint essential Oil | 0 NP | -- |
| Clove essential oil | 0 NP | -- |
| Maple syrup | 0 NP | -- |
| Coriander Essential Oil | 0 NP | -- |
| White thyme essential oil | 0 NP | -- |
| Nutmeg essential oil | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Coriander, Peppermint, Clove, White Thyme, Nutmeg, Fennel
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement/Food Supplement
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Adults and children 12 or more years of age: Take 1/4 tsp. as needed or as directed. Do not exceed 6 doses per day.
Precautions
Store out of reach of young children.
Dietary supplements/food supplements should not be used as a substitute for a varied diet. Do not exceed the stated recommended daily dose.
Storage
Store in a dry, cool place.
Formulation
Made in the USA.
General Statements
Nominal weight: 120 g % DV = % Daily Value
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Spice Syrup by Dr. Clark Research Association Dr. Clark Zentrum label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Spice Syrup by Dr. Clark Research Association Dr. Clark Zentrum
These are the 7 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size0.25 Teaspoon(s) Dosage formLiquid Servings per container96 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Essential Oils
Maple syrup
Other (inactive) ingredients: Coriander, Peppermint, Clove, White Thyme, Nutmeg, Fennel. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Spice Syrup by Dr. Clark Research Association Dr. Clark Zentrum Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Spice Syrup by Dr.
Clark Research Association Dr. Clark Zentrum contains several essential oils that interact with medications.
Fennel essential oil carries the most serious documented concerns: it has moderate-severity interactions with contraceptive drugs, hormone replacement therapy (estrogens), and blood thinners (anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs), and it may reduce the effectiveness of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin and the cancer drug tamoxifen by competing for or interfering with estrogen receptors.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Peppermint essential oil interacts with drugs broken down by your liver's cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP3A4, CYP2C19, and CYP2C9 substrates), including the immunosuppressant cyclosporine—all moderate-severity. Clove essential oil interacts with blood sugar medications (antidiabetes drugs), drugs metabolized by CYP2D6, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and CYP2C9, and blood thinners—mostly moderate-severity.
Coriander essential oil interacts with sedatives (CNS depressants), blood pressure medications (antihypertensive drugs), blood sugar medications, and photosensitizing drugs—all moderate-severity. Thyme essential oil interacts with estrogens, blood thinners, and drugs affecting acetylcholine (anticholinergic and cholinergic drugs)—all moderate-severity.
Nutmeg essential oil interacts with sedatives, drugs metabolized by CYP1A2, anticholinergic drugs, cholinergic drugs, and phenobarbital—all moderate-severity.
We could not check maple syrup for interactions. Altogether, these interactions span 1,383 individual medications.
Before you start this product, use the interaction checker below with your exact medications—especially if you take blood thinners, blood pressure drugs, diabetes medications, contraceptives, hormone therapy, or any drug that's sedating or processed by your liver.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Spice Syrup?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Spice Syrup interact with 1,396 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
6 of the 7 ingredients in Spice Syrup interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Clove essential oil Peppermint essential Oil Fennel Essential Oil Coriander Essential Oil Nutmeg essential oil White thyme essential oil
Ado-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with Spice Syrup — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionFennel Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Spice Syrup — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
White Thyme Essential OilAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, thyme leaf extract might have additive effects with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full White Thyme Essential Oil + Abciximab interactionFennel Essential OilAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Abciximab interactionClove Essential OilAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, clove oil may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Abciximab interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with Spice Syrup — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Abemaciclib interactionFennel Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Abemaciclib interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with Spice Syrup — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Peppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Abiraterone interactionClove Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Abiraterone interactionFennel Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with Spice Syrup — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Abiraterone Acetate interactionClove Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Abiraterone Acetate interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Spice Syrup — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
White Thyme Essential OilAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, thyme leaf extract might have additive effects with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full White Thyme Essential Oil + Abrocitinib interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2c19 (cyp2c19) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP2C9 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Abrocitinib interactionFennel Essential OilAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Abrocitinib interactionClove Essential OilCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with Spice Syrup — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Peppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acalabrutinib interactionClove Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acalabrutinib interactionFennel Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Acalabrutinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Spice Syrup — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove Essential OilAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove extracts with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acarbose interactionCoriander Essential OilAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, coriander might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Coriander Essential Oil + Acarbose interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with Spice Syrup — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Coriander Essential OilAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, coriander might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Coriander Essential Oil + Acebutolol interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Spice Syrup — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Essential OilAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Acenocoumarol interactionWhite Thyme Essential OilAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, thyme leaf extract might have additive effects with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full White Thyme Essential Oil + Acenocoumarol interactionClove Essential OilAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, clove oil may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acenocoumarol interactionAcepromazineAtravet
How Acepromazine interacts with Spice Syrup — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
White Thyme Essential OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full White Thyme Essential Oil + Acepromazine interactionNutmeg Essential OilCns Depressants, Anticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might increase the risk of additive sedation when taken with CNS depressants.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acepromazine interactionCoriander Essential OilPhotosensitizing Drugs, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, coriander might increase the risk of photosensitivity when taken with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Coriander Essential Oil + Acepromazine interactionAcetaminophenChildren's Tylenol, Children's Tylenol Meltaways, Tylenol, Tylenol Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen interacts with Spice Syrup — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen interactionNutmeg Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Spice Syrup — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Essential OilAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionClove Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionNutmeg Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionWhite Thyme Essential OilAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, thyme leaf extract might have additive effects with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full White Thyme Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Spice Syrup — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
White Thyme Essential OilAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, thyme leaf extract might have additive effects with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full White Thyme Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionNutmeg Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionFennel Essential OilAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionClove Essential OilAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, clove oil may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Spice Syrup — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionCoriander Essential OilPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, coriander might increase the risk of photosensitivity when taken with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Coriander Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionNutmeg Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, ButalbitalAxocet, Bancap, Bucet, Butex Forte, Esgic CF, Orbivan CF +5 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital interacts with Spice Syrup — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionNutmeg Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Spice Syrup — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Nutmeg Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionFennel Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionClove Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Spice Syrup — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionCoriander Essential OilCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, coriander might cause additive sedative effects when taken with CNS depressants.
Read the full Coriander Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionNutmeg Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionFennel Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with Spice Syrup — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Coriander Essential OilCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, coriander might cause additive sedative effects when taken with CNS depressants.
Read the full Coriander Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionClove Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionNutmeg Essential OilCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might increase the risk of additive sedation when taken with CNS depressants.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Spice Syrup — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Nutmeg Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionClove Essential OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionCoriander Essential OilCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, coriander might cause additive sedative effects when taken with CNS depressants.
Read the full Coriander Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Spice Syrup — through 6 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove Essential OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionCoriander Essential OilPhotosensitizing Drugs, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, coriander might increase the risk of photosensitivity when taken with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Coriander Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionFennel Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionNutmeg Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Anticholinergic Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionWhite Thyme Essential OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full White Thyme Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Spice Syrup — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Nutmeg Essential OilCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might increase the risk of additive sedation when taken with CNS depressants.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionClove Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionCoriander Essential OilCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, coriander might cause additive sedative effects when taken with CNS depressants.
Read the full Coriander Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionFennel Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with Spice Syrup — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionNutmeg Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionCoriander Essential OilCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, coriander might cause additive sedative effects when taken with CNS depressants.
Read the full Coriander Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionClove Essential OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with Spice Syrup — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionCoriander Essential OilCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, coriander might cause additive sedative effects when taken with CNS depressants.
Read the full Coriander Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionFennel Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionNutmeg Essential OilCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might increase the risk of additive sedation when taken with CNS depressants.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with Spice Syrup — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Nutmeg Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionClove Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionFennel Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with Spice Syrup — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionNutmeg Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Anticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionWhite Thyme Essential OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full White Thyme Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionClove Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with Spice Syrup — through 6 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove Essential OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionCoriander Essential OilPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, coriander might increase the risk of photosensitivity when taken with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Coriander Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionFennel Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionNutmeg Essential OilAnticholinergic Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of nutmeg and anticholinergic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of either agent.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionWhite Thyme Essential OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full White Thyme Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with Spice Syrup — through 6 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Nutmeg Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Anticholinergic Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionWhite Thyme Essential OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full White Thyme Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionClove Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionCoriander Essential OilCns Depressants, Photosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, coriander might cause additive sedative effects when taken with CNS depressants.
Read the full Coriander Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionFennel Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, DextromethorphanCoricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interacts with Spice Syrup — through 6 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionClove Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionNutmeg Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Anticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, nutmeg might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionWhite Thyme Essential OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full White Thyme Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionCoriander Essential OilPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, coriander might increase the risk of photosensitivity when taken with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Coriander Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan HydrobromideCoricidin HBP Maximum Strength Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interacts with Spice Syrup — through 6 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Coriander Essential OilPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, coriander might increase the risk of photosensitivity when taken with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Coriander Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionClove Essential OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionFennel Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionWhite Thyme Essential OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full White Thyme Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionNutmeg Essential OilAnticholinergic Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of nutmeg and anticholinergic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of either agent.
Read the full Nutmeg Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionPeppermint Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Spice Syrup with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Clove essential oil
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove extracts with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical and laboratory research suggest that polyphenol extracts from clove flower buds might lower blood glucose levels. Dosing adjustments for insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents may be necessary when taken with clove. Monitor blood glucose levels closely.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP1A2 in a dose-dependent manner,. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, inhibits CYP2C9 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP2D6 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP3A4 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, clove oil may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Laboratory research suggests that eugenol, a constituent of clove, has antiplatelet activity. This interaction has not been reported in humans.
Ibuprofen (Advil, Others)
Theoretically, topical application of clove oil with ibuprofen might increase the absorption and side effects of topical ibuprofen.
Laboratory research shows that topical application of clove oil increases the absorption of topical ibuprofen. This interaction has not been reported in humans.
Peppermint essential Oil
Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)
Theoretically, peppermint oil might increase the levels and adverse effects of cyclosporine.
In animal research, peppermint oil inhibits cyclosporine metabolism and increases cyclosporine levels. Inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) may be partially responsible for this interaction. An interaction between peppermint oil and cyclosporine has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP2C19 substrates.
In vitro research shows that peppermint oil inhibits CYP2C19. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP2C9 substrates.
In vitro research shows that peppermint oil inhibits CYP2C9. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Clinical research in healthy volunteers shows that a single dose of peppermint oil 600 mg inhibits CYP3A4 enzymes and increases the AUC of felodipine, a CYP3A4 substrate. However, in vitro research suggests that peppermint oil only inhibits CYP3A4 at very high concentrations.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro and animal research shows that peppermint oil and peppermint leaf inhibit CYP1A2. However, in clinical research, peppermint tea did not significantly affect the metabolism of caffeine, a CYP1A2 substrate. It is possible that the 6-day duration of treatment may have been too short to identify a difference.
Fennel Essential Oil
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Animal research suggests that fennel oil has antithrombotic and antiplatelet effects.
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
Theoretically, fennel might decrease the levels and clinical effects of ciprofloxacin.
Animal research shows that fennel reduces ciprofloxacin bioavailability by nearly 50%, possibly due to the metal cations such as calcium, iron, and magnesium contained in fennel. This study also found that fennel increased tissue distribution and slowed elimination of ciprofloxacin.
Contraceptive Drugs
Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might decrease the effects of contraceptive drugs due to competition for estrogen receptors.
Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research suggests that fennel inhibits CYP3A4 enzyme activity. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Estrogens
Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might interfere with hormone replacement therapy due to competition for estrogen receptors.
Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity.
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might decrease the antiestrogenic effect of tamoxifen.
Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity, which may interfere with the antiestrogenic activity of tamoxifen.
Coriander Essential Oil
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, coriander might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Evidence from animal research suggests that coriander fruit and coriander extract can reduce blood glucose levels. Monitor blood glucose levels closely. Dose adjustments might be necessary.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, coriander might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Evidence from animal research suggests that coriander fruit can lower blood pressure.
Cns Depressants
Theoretically, coriander might cause additive sedative effects when taken with CNS depressants.
Evidence from animal research suggests that coriander fruit extract has sedative effects.
Photosensitizing Drugs
Theoretically, coriander might increase the risk of photosensitivity when taken with photosensitizing drugs.
Evidence from in vitro research suggests that coriandrin, a constituent of coriander, has photosensitizing effects.
Nutmeg essential oil
Anticholinergic Drugs
Theoretically, concomitant use of nutmeg and anticholinergic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of either agent.
Animal research suggests that nutmeg extract can inhibit acetylcholinesterase and might increase acetylcholine levels.
Cholinergic Drugs
Theoretically, concomitant use of nutmeg with other cholinergic drugs might have additive effects and increase the risk of cholinergic side effects.
Animal research suggests that nutmeg extract can inhibit acetylcholinesterase and might increase acetylcholine levels.
Cns Depressants
Theoretically, nutmeg might increase the risk of additive sedation when taken with CNS depressants.
Animal studies suggest that nutmeg extracts and several volatile oils in nutmeg, such as methyleugenol, isoeugenol, safrole, myristicin, trimyristin, 1,8-cineole, and geranyl acetate, have sedative effects. One animal study shows that petroleum ether extracts of nutmeg can potentiate the effects of pentobarbital or phenobarbital. However, evidence from other animal research suggests that the nutmeg constituent myristicin can actually reduce sleeping time in rats pretreated with phenobarbital.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, nutmeg might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Animal research suggests that intraperitoneal injections of myristicin, a constituent of nutmeg, can induce CYP1A2.
Phenobarbital (Luminal)
Theoretically, nutmeg might increase or decrease the effects and adverse effects of phenobarbital.
Some animal research suggests that myristicin, a constituent of nutmeg, can reduce sleeping time in rats pretreated with phenobarbital. However, other animal research suggests that petroleum ether extract of nutmeg can potentiate the effects of phenobarbital.
White thyme essential oil
Anticholinergic Drugs
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
In vitro evidence suggests that thyme essential oil and specific essential oil constituents like thymohydroquinone and carvacrol can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE). However, this effect has not been observed in humans.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, thyme leaf extract might have additive effects with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro and animal research suggests that thyme leaf extract has antiplatelet effects. However, this effect has not been observed in humans.
Cholinergic Drugs
Theoretically, concurrent use of cholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might cause additive cholinergic effects.
In vitro evidence suggests that thyme essential oil and specific essential oil constituents like thymohydroquinone and carvacrol can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE). However, this effect has not been observed in humans.
Estrogens
Theoretically, thyme might competitively inhibit the effects of estrogen replacement therapy.
In vitro research shows that thyme has estrogen receptor-binding activity and phytoestrogen content. However, this effect has not been observed in humans.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Spice Syrup, from the product label.
Dr. Clark Research Association Dr. Clark Zentrum
See all Dr. Clark Research Association Dr. Clark Zentrum products- Name
- Dr. Clark Zentrum Limited
- Street Address
- 152 Naxxar Road #7, SGN 9030
- City
- San Gwann
- State
- Malta
- Web Address
- www.drclark.com
Spice Syrup by Dr. Clark Research Association Dr. Clark Zentrum: Common Questions
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Spice Syrup’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Fennel
Interacts with 740 drugsFennel is a Mediterranean herb widely used as a food and spice, and traditionally taken for digestive complaints, colic, and menstrual cramps. Some small studies suggest possible benefit for...
Read the full Fennel monograph → Herb & supplement monographPeppermint
Interacts with 796 drugsPeppermint is a popular herb with the best evidence supporting enteric-coated peppermint oil for easing IBS symptoms. It is generally well tolerated for most adults, but it can cause heartbu...
Read the full Peppermint monograph → Herb & supplement monographClove
Interacts with 977 drugsClove is a common cooking spice that is also used in traditional medicine, especially as a topical numbing agent for tooth pain thanks to its main compound, eugenol. Food amounts are general...
Read the full Clove monograph → Herb & supplement monographCoriander
Interacts with 717 drugsCoriander (also called cilantro) is a common cooking herb and spice that has long been used in traditional medicine for digestive complaints. As a food it is generally safe for most people,...
Read the full Coriander monograph → Herb & supplement monographThyme
Interacts with 379 drugsThyme is a common kitchen herb that has long been used for coughs, sore throats, and digestive complaints. It is generally safe in the amounts found in food, and some cough products that com...
Read the full Thyme monograph → Herb & supplement monographNutmeg
Interacts with 528 drugsNutmeg is a popular cooking spice that has long been used in traditional medicine for digestion and other complaints, but there is little solid human research to support its medicinal use. I...
Read the full Nutmeg monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Spice Syrup's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 143 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Fennel 17 references
- Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
- Zhu M, Wong PY, Li RC. Effect of oral administration of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) on ciprofloxacin absorption and disposition in the rat. J Pharm Pharmacol 1999;51:1391-6.
- Gral N, Beani JC, Bonnot D, et al. [Plasma levels of psoralens after celery ingestion]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 1993;120:599-603.
- Burkhard PR, Burkhardt K, Haenggeli CA, Landis T. Plant-induced seizures: reappearance of an old problem. J Neurol 1999;246:667-70. PubMed
- Rosti L, Nardini A, Bettinelli ME, Rosti D. Toxic effects of a herbal tea mixture in two newborns. Acta Paediatrica 1994;83:683. PubMed
- Cuzzolin L, Zaffani S, and Benoni G. Safety implications regarding use of phytomedicines. Eur.J Clin Pharmacol. 2006;62:37-42. PubMed
- Tognolini, M., Ballabeni, V., Bertoni, S., Bruni, R., Impicciatore, M., and Barocelli, E. Protective effect of Foeniculum vulgare essential oil and anethole in an experimental model of thrombosis. Pharmacol.Res 2007;56(3):254-260. PubMed
- Subehan, Usia, T., Iwata, H., Kadota, S., and Tezuka, Y. Mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 by Indonesian medicinal plants. J Ethnopharmacol. 5-24-2006;105(3):449-455. PubMed
- Tognolini, M., Barocelli, E., Ballabeni, V., Bruni, R., Bianchi, A., Chiavarini, M., and Impicciatore, M. Comparative screening of plant essential oils: phenylpropanoid moiety as basic core for antiplatelet activity. Life Sci. 2-23-2006;78(13):1419-1432. PubMed
- Subehan, Zaidi, S. F., Kadota, S., and Tezuka, Y. Inhibition on human liver cytochrome P450 3A4 by constituents of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare): identification and characterization of a mechanism-based inactivator. J Agric.Food Chem. 12-12-2007;55(25):101 PubMed
- LEVY, S. B. Bronchial asthma due to ingestion of fennel and fennel seed. Ann.Allergy 1948;6(4):415.
- Ottolenghi, A., De Chiara, A., Arrigoni, S., Terracciano, L., and De Amici, M. [Diagnosis of food allergy caused by fruit and vegetables in children with atopic dermatitis]. Pediatr Med Chir 1995;17(6):525-530.
- Trabace L, Tucci P, Ciuffreda L, et al. "Natural" relief of pregnancy-related symptoms and neonatal outcomes: above all do no harm. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015;174:396-402. PubMed
- Denaxa D, Arkwright PD. Fennel as a cause of immediate hypersensitivity to toothpaste. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2020;125(1):99-100. PubMed
- Lee HW, Ang L, Lee MS, Alimoradi Z, Kim E. Fennel for reducing pain in primary dysmenorrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrients 2020;12(11):3438. PubMed
- Mathew T, John SK, Javali M, Vasireddy M, Nadig R, Sarma GRK. Substance use related cluster headache: A case series. Headache 2022;62(7):908-910. PubMed
Peppermint 41 references
- Liu JH, Chen GH, Yeh HZ, et al. Enteric-coated peppermint-oil capsules in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a prospective, randomized trial. J Gastroenterol 1997;32:765-8. PubMed
- Pittler MH, Ernst E. Peppermint oil for irritable bowel syndrome: a critical review and metaanalysis. Am J Gastroenterol 1998;93:1131-5. PubMed
- Kline RM, Kline JJ, Di Palma J, Barbero GJ. Enteric-coated, pH-dependent peppermint oil capsules for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome in children. J Pediatr 2001;138:125-8. PubMed
- Madisch A, Heydenreich CJ, Wieland V, et al. Treatment of functional dyspepsia with a fixed peppermint oil and caraway oil combination preparation as compared to cisapride. A multicenter, reference-controlled, double-blind equivalence study. Arzneimittel
- May B, Kuntz HD, Kieser M, Kohler S. Efficacy of a fixed peppermint oil/caraway oil combination in non-ulcer dyspepsia. Arzneimittelforschung 1996;46:1149-53.
- Micklefield GH, Greving I, May B. Effects of peppermint oil and caraway oil on gastroduodenal motility. Phytother Res 2000;14:20-3. DOI
- Morton CA, Garioch J, Todd P, et al. Contact sensitivity to menthol and peppermint in patients with intra-oral symptoms. Contact Dermatitis 1995;32:281-4. PubMed
- May B, Kohler S, Schneider B. Efficacy and tolerability of a fixed combination of peppermint oil and caraway oil in patients suffering from functional dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000;14:1671-7. PubMed
- Nash P, Gould SR, Bernardo DE. Peppermint oil does not relieve the pain of irritable bowel syndrome. Br J Clin Pract 1986;40:292-3. DOI
- Rees WD, Evans BK, Rhodes J. Treating irritable bowel syndrome with peppermint oil. Br Med J 1979;2:835-6. PubMed
- Davies SJ, Harding LM, Baranowski AP. A novel treatment of postherpetic neuralgia using peppermint oil. Clin J Pain 2002;18:200-2. PubMed
- Weston CF. Anal burning and peppermint oil. Postgrad Med J 1987;63:717. PubMed
- Dresser GK, Wacher V, Wong S, et al. Evaluation of peppermint oil and ascorbyl palmitate as inhibitors of cytochrome P4503A4 activity in vitro and in vivo. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2002;72:247-55. PubMed
- Wacher VJ, Wong S, Wong HT. Peppermint oil enhances cyclosporine oral bioavailability in rats: comparison with D-alpha-tocopheryl poly(ethylene glycol 1000) succinate (TPGS) and ketoconazole. J Pharm Sci 2002;91:77-90.
- Lawson MJ, Knight RE, Tran K, et al. Failure of enteric-coated peppermint oil in the irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized double-blind crossover study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1988;3:235-8. DOI
- Unger M, Frank A. Simultaneous determination of the inhibitory potency of herbal extracts on the activity of six major cytochrome P450 enzymes using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and automated online extraction. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2004;1 PubMed
- Maliakal PP, Wanwimolruk S. Effect of herbal teas on hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2001;53:1323-9. PubMed
- Rogers SN, Pahor AL. A form of stomatitis induced by excessive peppermint consumption. Dent Update 1995;22:36-7.
- Cappello G, Spezzaferro M, Grossi L, et al. Peppermint oil (Mintoil) in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a prospective double blind placebo-controlled randomized trial. Dig Liver Dis 2007;39:530-6. PubMed
- Moghadam BK, Gier R, and Thurlow T. Extensive oral mucosal ulcerations caused by misuse of a commercial mouthwash. Cutis 1999;64:131-134.
- Andersen, K. E. Contact allergy to toothpaste flavors. Contact Dermatitis 1978;4(4):195-198. PubMed
- Barnard, D. R. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol. 1999;36(5):625-629. PubMed
- Tamir, S., Davidovich, Z., Attal, P., and Eliashar, R. Peppermint oil chemical burn. Otolaryngol.Head Neck Surg. 2005;133(5):801-802. PubMed
- Kalavala, M., Hughes, T. M., Goodwin, R. G., Anstey, A. V., and Stone, N. M. Allergic contact dermatitis to peppermint foot spray. Contact Dermatitis 2007;57(1):57-58. PubMed
- Vermaat, H., van Meurs, T., Rustemeyer, T., Bruynzeel, D. P., and Kirtschig, G. Vulval allergic contact dermatitis due to peppermint oil in herbal tea. Contact Dermatitis 2008;58(6):364-365. PubMed
- Merat, S., Khalili, S., Mostajabi, P., Ghorbani, A., Ansari, R., and Malekzadeh, R. The effect of enteric-coated, delayed-release peppermint oil on irritable bowel syndrome. Dig.Dis.Sci. 2010;55(5):1385-1390. PubMed
- Tran, A., Pratt, M., and DeKoven, J. Acute allergic contact dermatitis of the lips from peppermint oil in a lip balm. Dermatitis 2010;21(2):111-115. DOI
- Hitz, Lindenmuller, I and Lambrecht, J. T. Oral care. Curr Probl.Dermatol 2011;40:107-115.
- Shavakhi, A., Ardestani, S. K., Taki, M., Goli, M., and Keshteli, A. H. Premedication with peppermint oil capsules in colonoscopy: a double blind placebo-controlled randomized trial study. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2012;75(3):349-353.
- Lech, Y., Olesen, K. M., Hey, H., Rask-Pedersen, E., Vilien, M., and Ostergaard, O. [Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with peppermint oil. A double- blind study with a placebo]. Ugeskr.Laeger 10-3-1988;150(40):2388-2389.
- Parys, B. T. Chemical burns resulting from contact with peppermint oil mar: a case report. Burns Incl.Therm.Inj. 1983;9(5):374-375. PubMed
- Bayat R, Borici-Mazi R. A case of anaphylaxis to peppermint. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2014;10(1):6. PubMed
- Rich G, Shah A, Koloski N, et al. A randomized placebo-controlled trial on the effects of Menthacarin, a proprietary peppermint- and caraway-oil-preparation, on symptoms and quality of life in patients with functional dyspepsia. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2 PubMed
- Douros A, Bronder E, Andersohn F, et al. Herb-Induced Liver Injury in the Berlin Case-Control Surveillance Study. Int J Mol Sci 2016;17(1). PubMed
- Begas E, Tsioutsiouliti A, Kouvaras E, et al. Effects of peppermint tea consumption on the activities of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, Xanthine Oxidase, N-acetyltranferase-2 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases-1A1/1A6 in healthy volunteers. Food Chem Toxicol 2017;100:80-9 PubMed
- Cash BD, Epstein MS, Shah SM. A Novel Delivery System of Peppermint Oil Is an Effective Therapy for Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptoms. Dig Dis Sci 2016;61(2):560-71. PubMed
- Elsaie LT, El Mohsen AM, Ibrahim IM, Mohey-Eddin MH, Elsaie ML. Effectiveness of topical peppermint oil on symptomatic treatment of chronic pruritus. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2016;9:333-8. PubMed
- Wu J, Xu R, Zhan R, et al. Effective symptomatic treatment for severe and intractable pruritus associated with severe burn-induced hypertrophic scars: A prospective, multicenter, controlled trial. Burns 2016;42(5):1059-66. PubMed
- Weerts ZZRM, Masclee AAM, Witteman BJM, et al. Efficacy and safety of peppermint oil in a randomized, double-blind trial of patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology. 2020;158(1):123-136. PubMed
- Nee J, Ballou S, Kelley JM, et al. Peppermint Oil Treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Am J Gastroenterol 2021;116(11):2279-2285. PubMed
- Ingrosso MR, Ianiro G, Nee J, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis: efficacy of peppermint oil in irritable bowel syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2022;56(6):932-41. PubMed
Clove 26 references
- The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
- Kanerva L, Estlander T, Jolanki R. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from spices. Contact Dermatitis 1996;35:157-62. PubMed
- Chen SJ, Wang MH, Chen IJ. Antiplatelet and calcium inhibitory properties of eugenol and sodium eugenol acetate. Gen Pharmacol 1996;27:629-33. PubMed
- Malson JL, Lee EM, Murty R, et al. Clove cigarette smoking: biochemical, physiological, and subjective effects. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2003;74:739-45. PubMed
- Kirsch CM, Yenokida GG, Jensen WA, et al. Non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema due to the intravenous administration of clove oil. Thorax 1990;45:235-6. PubMed
- Pallares, D. E. Link between clove cigarettes and urticaria? Postgrad.Med 10-1-1999;106(4):153. PubMed
- Barnard, D. R. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol. 1999;36(5):625-629. PubMed
- Sanchez-Perez, J. and Garcia-Diez, A. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from eugenol, oil of cinnamon and oil of cloves in a physiotherapist. Contact Dermatitis 1999;41(6):346-347. PubMed
- Andersen, K. E., Johansen, J. D., Bruze, M., Frosch, P. J., Goossens, A., Lepoittevin, J. P., Rastogi, S., White, I., and Menne, T. The time-dose-response relationship for elicitation of contact dermatitis in isoeugenol allergic individuals. Toxicol.Appl PubMed
- Alqareer, A., Alyahya, A., and Andersson, L. The effect of clove and benzocaine versus placebo as topical anesthetics. J Dent 2006;34(10):747-750. PubMed
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- Srivastava, K. C. and Malhotra, N. Acetyl eugenol, a component of oil of cloves (Syzygium aromaticum L.) inhibits aggregation and alters arachidonic acid metabolism in human blood platelets. Prostaglandins Leukot.Essent.Fatty Acids 1991;42(1):73-81. PubMed
- Dyrbye, B. A., Dubois, L., Vink, R., and Horn, J. A patient with clove oil intoxication. Anaesth.Intensive Care 2012;40(2):365-366.
- Guidotti, T. L., Laing, L., and Prakash, U. B. Clove cigarettes. The basis for concern regarding health effects. West J Med 1989;151(2):220-228.
- Anonymous. Evaluation of the health hazard of clove cigarettes. Council on Scientific Affairs. JAMA 12-23-1988;260(24):3641-3644. DOI
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- Saeed, S. A. and Gilani, A. H. Antithrombotic activity of clove oil. J Pak Med Assoc 1994;44(5):112-115.
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Coriander 12 references
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
- Swanston-Flatt SK, Day C, Bailey CJ, Flatt PR. Traditional plant treatments for diabetes. Studies in normal and streptozotocin diabetic mice. Diabetologia 1990;33:462-4. PubMed
- Gray, A. M. and Flatt, P. R. Insulin-releasing and insulin-like activity of the traditional anti-diabetic plant Coriandrum sativum (coriander). Br.J Nutr. 1999;81(3):203-209.
- Kanerva, L. and Soini, M. Occupational protein contact dermatitis from coriander. Contact Dermatitis 2001;45(6):354-355. PubMed
- Emamghoreishi, M., Khasaki, M., and Aazam, M. F. Coriandrum sativum: evaluation of its anxiolytic effect in the elevated plus-maze. J Ethnopharmacol. 1-15-2005;96(3):365-370. PubMed
- Ebo, D. G., Bridts, C. H., Mertens, M. H., and Stevens, W. J. Coriander anaphylaxis in a spice grinder with undetected occupational allergy. Acta Clin Belg. 2006;61(3):152-156. PubMed
- Eidi, M., Eidi, A., Saeidi, A., Molanaei, S., Sadeghipour, A., Bahar, M., and Bahar, K. Effect of coriander seed (Coriandrum sativum L.) ethanol extract on insulin release from pancreatic beta cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Phytother.Res
- Jabeen, Q., Bashir, S., Lyoussi, B., and Gilani, A. H. Coriander fruit exhibits gut modulatory, blood pressure lowering and diuretic activities. J Ethnopharmacol. 2-25-2009;122(1):123-130. PubMed
- van Toorenenbergen, A. W. and Dieges, P. H. Immunoglobulin E antibodies against coriander and other spices. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1985;76(3):477-481. PubMed
- Ashwood-Smith, M. J., Warrington, P. J., Jenkins, M., Ceska, O., and Romaniuk, P. J. Photobiological properties of a novel, naturally occurring furoisocoumarin, coriandrin. Photochem.Photobiol. 1989;50(6):745-751. PubMed
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- Beikert FC, Anastasiadou Z, Fritzen B, Frank U, Augustin M. Topical treatment of tinea pedis using 6% coriander oil in unguentum leniens: a randomized, controlled, comparative pilot study. Dermatology. 2013;226(1):47-51. PubMed
Thyme 18 references
- Zava DT, Dollbaum CM, Blen M. Estrogen and progestin bioactivity of foods, herbs, and spices. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1998;217:369-78. PubMed
- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
- Okazaki K, Kawazoe K, Takaishi Y. Human platelet aggregation inhibitors from thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). Phytother Res 2002;16:398-9. .
- Spiewak R, Skorska C, Dutkiewicz J. Occupational airborne contact dermatitis caused by thyme dust. Contact Dermatitis 2001;44:235-9. . PubMed
- Ernst E, Marz R, Sieder C. A controlled multi-centre study of herbal versus synthetic secretolytic drugs for acute bronchitis. Phytomedicine 1997;4:287-93. PubMed
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- Tognolini, M., Barocelli, E., Ballabeni, V., Bruni, R., Bianchi, A., Chiavarini, M., and Impicciatore, M. Comparative screening of plant essential oils: phenylpropanoid moiety as basic core for antiplatelet activity. Life Sci. 2-23-2006;78(13):1419-1432. PubMed
- Mackiewicz, B., Skorska, C., Dutkiewicz, J., Michnar, M., Milanowski, J., Prazmo, Z., Krysinska-Traczyk, E., and Cisak, E. Allergic alveolitis due to herb dust exposure. Ann Agric Environ Med 1999;6(2):167-170.
- Martinez-Gonzalez, M. C., Goday Bujan, J. J., Martinez, Gomez W., and Fonseca, Capdevila E. Concomitant allergic contact dermatitis due to Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) and Thymus vulgaris (thyme). Contact Dermatitis 2007;56(1):49-50.
- Jukic, M., Politeo, O., Maksimovic, M., Milos, M., and Milos, M. In vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties of thymol, carvacrol and their derivatives thymoquinone and thymohydroquinone. Phytother.Res 2007;21(3):259-261.
- Marzian, O. [Treatment of acute bronchitis in children and adolescents. Non-interventional postmarketing surveillance study confirms the benefit and safety of a syrup made of extracts from thyme and ivy leaves]. MMW.Fortschr.Med 6-28-2007;149(27-28 Suppl
- Cuzzolin, L. and Benoni, G. Attitudes and knowledge toward natural products safety in the pharmacy setting: an Italian study. Phytother.Res 2009;23(7):1018-1023. PubMed
- Berova, N., Stransky, L., and Krasteva, M. Studies on contact dermatitis in stomatological staff. Dermatol.Monatsschr. 1990;176(1):15-18.
- Smeenk, G., Kerckhoffs, H. P., and Schreurs, P. H. Contact allergy to a reaction product in Hirudoid cream: an example of compound allergy. Br.J Dermatol. 1987;116(2):223-231.
- Le Roy, R., Grosshans, E., and Foussereau, J. [Investigation of contact allergies in 100 cases of ulcus cruris (author's transl)]. Derm.Beruf.Umwelt. 1981;29(6):168-170.
- Lorenzi, S., Placucci, F., Vincenzi, C., Bardazzi, F., and Tosti, A. Allergic contact dermatitis due to thymol. Contact Dermatitis 1995;33(6):439-440. PubMed
- Bahadoran P, Rokni FK, Fahami F. Investigating the therapeutic effect of vaginal cream containing garlic and thyme compared to clotrimazole cream for the treatment of mycotic vaginitis. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2010;15(Suppl 1):343-9.
- Erol S, Aydin B, Dilli D, Okumus N, Zenciroglu A, Gündüz M. An interesting newborn case of fructose 1-6 diphosphatase deficiency triggered after thyme juice ingestion. Clin Lab. 2014;60(1):151-3. PubMed
Nutmeg 29 references
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