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Clonidine 100 ug/mL Injection, Solution, 10 mL — NDC 39822-2000-01 package photo
Label image from the product's FDA listing (DailyMed) — may show a different pack size or an older label revision.

Clonidine 100 ug/mL Injection, Solution, 10 mL — NDC 39822-2000-1 (Billing 39822-2000-01)

by XGen Pharmaceuticals DJB, Inc. · 10 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE

This is a package of 10 mL of Clonidine 100 ug/mL Injection, Solution from XGen Pharmaceuticals DJB, Inc., marketed since Oct 2013 and currently FDA-listed. It is this product's only package size.

NDC 39822-2000-01
🏷️ FDA NDC (as labeled) 39822-2000-1 billing pads the package segment with a zero
Rx only Generic On market Non-controlled ⇄ Compare with another NDC
🗂️ FDA directory synced Oct 8, 2026 · this listing last changed Jul 24, 2026 · sources: openFDA · FDA label (DailyMed) · FDA Orange & Purple Book · First Databank · CMS NADAC, ASP, Medicare & Medicaid · RxNorm
📋 All sources & update times →

NDC database record

One package, one record: these facts belong to NDC 39822-2000-1 alone.

Record
FDA NDC Directory package listing · Human prescription drug
Code segments
39822 labeler · 2000 product · 1 package
Package marketed since
Oct 29, 2013
Sample package
No — commercial package
Listing certified through
Dec 31, 2026
Billing quantity
10 mL per package
Barcode (UPC-A, from the NDC)
3 3982220001 6
Medicaid fills, this package
3,620 prescriptions in the last four reported quarters
FDA record last changed
Jul 24, 2026
⚠️
Other active recalls for Clonidine (different manufacturers) — 3 · tap to view
These affect other manufacturers’ products for the same ingredient — not necessarily the exact NDC on this page.
Class II · Mar 19, 2026 — CGMP Deviations: use of an unapproved raw material (Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc) · FDA recall D-0473-2026
Class II · Mar 19, 2026 — CGMP Deviations: use of an unapproved raw material (Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc) · FDA recall D-0472-2026
Class II · Mar 19, 2026 — CGMP Deviations: use of an unapproved raw material (Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc) · FDA recall D-0474-2026
Each entry is an official FDA enforcement report — look up any recall number in the FDA recall database ↗

Identity & classification

Regulatory identifiers FDA, NLM and CMS codes for this package

FDA NDC (as labeled) 39822-2000-1
Product NDC 39822-2000
11-digit billing NDC 39822200001
NCPDP billing unit ML — per mL (volume)
RxCUI 884221, 884225
UNII W76I6XXF06
Application # ANDA203167
SPL Set ID ada02f1f-ae78-4435-879e-492ae862d504
Established class (EPC) Central alpha-2 Adrenergic Agonist
Mechanism of action Adrenergic alpha2-Agonists
DEA schedule Non-controlled
Marketing category ANDA
Marketing status On market
FDA listing status Listed (active directory)
Marketing start 2013-10-29
Route EPIDURAL
Dosage form INJECTION, SOLUTION
Substance CLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE
TE code (Orange Book) AP · RLD · RS

Drug-database identifiers Medi-Span GPI and First Databank GCN / HICL / AHFS classification

GPI-14 64200011102020
GPI class cloNIDine HCl (Analgesia)
GCN Seq No 064360
GCN 13643
HICL code 035805
Ingredient (HICL) Clonidine Hcl/Pf
HIC1 code H
Therapeutic class — broad (HIC1) Nervous System (Except Autonomic)
HIC2 code H3
Therapeutic class — intermediate (HIC2) Analgesics
HIC3 code H3C
Therapeutic class — specific (HIC3) Analgesics, Non-Opioid
AHFS code 12:12.04.00
AHFS class Alpha-Adrenergic Agonists (12:12)
FDB label name CLONIDINE 1,000 MCG/10 ML VIAL
FDB brand name Clonidine Hcl
Legend status F — Federal legend — prescription drug or device
Quick answers
  • GSN (GCN sequence number): 064360
  • GCN: 13643
  • GPI-14 (Medi-Span): 64200011102020
  • HICL (First Databank): 035805
  • AHFS class code: 12:12.04.00
  • RxCUI (RxNorm): 884221
Why two NDCs? The FDA registers this code as 39822-2000-1 — a 5-4-1 layout, and that's what's printed on the package and shown on DailyMed. For insurance claims, every NDC is standardized to a uniform 11-digit 5-4-2 format by adding a zero to the package segment → 39822-2000-01. Same drug, same package — only the format differs.
Where does this data come from?
Identifiers from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory and Structured Product Labeling; RxCUI from RxNorm (NLM); GPI from Medi-Span; GCN / HIC / AHFS / legend from First Databank.

RxNorm drug class

This medicine belongs to the Central alpha-2 Adrenergic Agonist class.

Pharmacologic class Central alpha-2 Adrenergic Agonist
Drug family (ATC) Imidazoline receptor agonists, Other antimigraine preparations, Sympathomimetics in glaucoma therapy
How it works Adrenergic alpha2-Agonists
Where does this data come from?
Therapeutic classes from RxNorm RxClass (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Established Pharmacologic Class (FDA), ATC drug family (WHO) and mechanism of action, matched by this product’s RxCUI.

Clinical

Label name CLONIDINE 1,000 MCG/10 ML VIAL Ingredient Clonidine Hcl/Pf
📗 Our plain-language guide HelloPharmacist
  • It depends on the product. Tablets, oral solutions, Nexiclon XR and patches lower high blood pressure. Certain extended-release products treat ADHD. The epidural injection is used...
  • No. Stopping suddenly can cause rebound high blood pressure, with headache, a racing heart, nervousness and anxiety. Your doctor will lower the dose gradually.
  • Sleepiness is common. Don't drive or use heavy equipment until you know how it affects you. Avoid alcohol, and ask me before combining it with other sedating medicines.
  • No. Extended-release clonidine tablets should be swallowed whole, not crushed, chewed or broken. They can be taken with or without food.
📖 Read our full Clonidine guide →
1
Nutrient depletion considerations

Clonidine may be associated with lower levels of 1 nutrient — worth a chat with your pharmacist, not a cause for alarm.

An association is not a deficiency. Educational only — don't start or stop anything without professional guidance.
Where does this data come from?
Plain-language summary from MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine); supplement & herbal interactions and nutrient depletion data from the Natural Medicines database; our full guide is HelloPharmacist editorial content.

Pricing

A drug doesn't have one price. Each row is a different public payment system, and none is what you'd pay at the counter — that depends on your insurance. The ⓘ on each row explains what it measures.

Price systemPer mLPer package
Retail pharmacies payNADAC · weekly Not in the retail survey — common for institutional, discontinued, or low-volume packs.
Medicaid paysCMS SDUD · 12 mo $3.77 $37.73 / 10 ml
Medicare drug plans payPart D · quarterly No Part D plan price is available for this NDC in our data.
Medicare Part B allowsASP · J0735 $15.077 / J0735 unit —
Where does this data come from?
NADAC (National Average Drug Acquisition Cost) is the CMS weekly pharmacy-acquisition-cost survey — what pharmacies pay. ASP (Average Sales Price) is the CMS Medicare Part B drug-payment file, published quarterly. Medicaid pays is computed by us from CMS State Drug Utilization Data (total reimbursed ÷ units, trailing 12 months) — gross of rebates and inclusive of dispensing fees, so it reflects what Medicaid paid, not an acquisition cost. Medicare drug plans pay is the median negotiated point-of-sale unit cost across plans listing this NDC in the CMS quarterly Prescription Drug Plan pricing files, before rebates. The VA pays is the federal contract price (FSS, and the statutory Big 4 ceiling where listed) from the VA National Acquisition Center pharmaceutical price file. All are free public government data; each measures a different payer, so the figures are not directly comparable.

Billing & reimbursement

FDA NDC (as labeled)39822-2000-1
11-digit billing NDC39822-2000-01
Format5-4-1 as registered → padded to 5-4-2 for billing (zero added to the package segment)
HCPCS J-codeJ0735
DescriptorInjection, clonidine hydrochloride, 1 mg
Billing units / pkg1 units
How the units are derivedThis package is 10; the HCPCS unit is 1 MG, so one package = 1 billing unit.
Medicare Part B spend (2026 (Q1))$17,155 · 372 claims · $46.12 per claim (all NDCs under J0735)
Crosswalk sourceCMS ASP NDC-HCPCS Crosswalk
Where does this data come from?
The HCPCS J-code crosswalk comes from the CMS ASP NDC-HCPCS crosswalk and the DMEPDAC (DME MAC) NDC-HCPCS crosswalk — free public CMS data. Billing units are derived from the code’s descriptor and the package amount.

Packaging — all sizes for this product

Package NDCDescription Marketing startMarketing endStatus
39822-2000-01 You're viewing this Main listing 10 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE 2013-10-29 — Active

Therapeutic equivalents

ProductLabelerPackNADAC/unitTEStatusPrice vs. this
Clonidine Hydrochloride 100 ug/mL 00143-9724-01 Hikma 10 ml — AP FDA listed —
Clonidine 100 ug/mLthis 39822-2000-01 XGen 10 ml — AP FDA listed —
Clonidine Hci 100 ug/mL 51662-1346-01 HF 1 vial — AP FDA listed —
Duraclon .1 mg/mL 67457-0218-10 Mylan 1 vial — AP FDA listed —
About this product: this is a generic version of the medicine. FDA equivalence ratings are shown when available, and other versions are listed above, least expensive first.
Where does this data come from?
Equivalents are other NDCs of the same ingredient, form and route from the openFDA NDC Directory, ranked least-expensive-first by NADAC. Therapeutic-equivalence (AB) ratings come from the FDA Orange Book; biologics use the FDA Purple Book for biosimilar & interchangeable status.

Availability & generic status

🏛️
2013
On the market since
Oct 2013
📍
2026
Currently FDA-listed
13 years listed
🔓
·
Generic on the market
this product is a generic
✅This is a generic drug

This product is an FDA-approved generic. Other versions of the same drug are listed under Therapeutic equivalents, least expensive first.

Where does this data come from?
Patents and exclusivity from the FDA Orange Book (small-molecule drugs), refreshed from public FDA data. Generic launch timing is an estimate, not a guarantee.

Inactive Ingredients / Excipients

Inactive ingredients, also called excipients, are components of the drug product other than the active ingredient. They may include fillers, dyes, coatings, preservatives, flavors, or other formulation ingredients.

🧪 Avoiding an ingredient? See Clonidine inactive ingredients by manufacturer: every current product's list side by side, so you can ask your pharmacy for the version that does not list it.

💡 Tap an ingredient (hover on desktop) to see what it is and why it’s used.

  • 9 mg / 1 mL UNII 451W47IQ8X
    Sodium chloride is common table salt. It's used in medicines as a buffer to maintain proper pH, as a filler to add bulk, or to adjust the osmotic balance in liquid formulations.

1 inactive ingredient listed in the exact product block matched to this NDC.

Where does this data come from?
Data sourced from official FDA Structured Product Labeling (SPL) via DailyMed — ingredient classCode="IACT" elements from the exact product block matched by this NDC. Label-section narrative from DailyMed / the openFDA label index is shown separately when available.

Inactive ingredient FAQ

Are inactive ingredients the same for every manufacturer?
No. Inactive ingredients can differ by manufacturer, dosage form, strength, and package / product version.
Why might an inactive ingredient be missing?
Some SPLs do not provide a complete structured inactive-ingredient list, and older or unusual labels may only include the information in narrative text.
Can inactive ingredients matter?
Yes. They can matter for allergies, intolerances, dyes, gluten / lactose concerns, preservatives, and formulation differences — but confirm with a pharmacist or the manufacturer when it’s clinically important.

Manufacturer & labeler

LabelerXGen Pharmaceuticals DJB, Inc.
Application holderXGEN PHARMACEUTICALS DJB INC
FDA applicationANDA203167 (ANDA)
Labeler code39822
First marketedOct 2013
Product typeHuman Prescription Drug
Portfolio33 products on file
The labeler markets the product; the application holder owns the FDA approval. They’re often the same company but can differ (e.g. a repackager or an authorized generic). A mailing address / phone appears here when the manufacturer includes it in the product’s FDA label (not all do).
Where does this data come from?
Labeler, application holder and registered establishment from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory and Drugs@FDA; address/contact from the product’s FDA label.

Full prescribing information FDA SPL

The complete FDA label for this product — the official prescribing information, verbatim, section by section. Very long sections are excerpted here and marked; the full text is on DailyMed (linked in the sources below). Jump with a chip, search within the label, or expand everything.
🚨 Boxed Warning 65 words ▾

The 500 mcg/mL strength product should be diluted prior to use in an appropriate solution.

NOTE: Clonidine hydrochloride injection (epidural clonidine) is not recommended for obstetrical, post-partum, or peri-operative pain management. The risk of hemodynamic instability, especially hypotension and bradycardia, from epidural clonidine may be unacceptable in these patients. However, in a rare obstetrical, post-partum or peri-operative patient, potential benefits may outweigh the possible risks.

🎯 Indications and Usage 104 words ▾

INDICATIONS AND USAGE Clonidine hydrochloride injection is indicated in combination with opiates for the treatment of severe pain in cancer patients that is not adequately relieved by opioid analgesics alone. Epidural clonidine is more likely to be effective in patients with neuropathic pain than somatic or visceral pain (see Clinical Trials ). The safety of this drug product has only been established in a highly selected group of cancer patients, and only after an adequate trial of opioid analgesia.

Other use is of unproven safety and is not recommended. In a rare patient, the potential benefits may outweigh the known risks (see WARNINGS ).

⏱️ Dosage and Administration ~1 min read ▾

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION The recommended starting dose of clonidine hydrochloride injection for continuous epidural infusion is 30 mcg/hr. Although dosage may be titrated up or down depending on pain relief and occurrence of adverse events, experience with dosage rates above 40 mcg/hr is limited. Familiarization with the continuous epidural infusion device is essential.

Patients receiving epidural clonidine from a continuous infusion device should be closely monitored for the first few days to assess their response. The 500 mcg/mL (0.5 mg/mL) strength product must be diluted prior to use in 0.9% Sodium Chloride for Injection, USP, to a final concentration of 100 mcg/mL: Volume of Clonidine Hydrochloride 500 mcg/mL Volume of 0.9% Sodium Chloride for Injection, USP Resulting Final Clonidine Hydrochloride Injection Concentration (100 mcg/mL) 1 mL 4 mL 500 mcg/5 mL 2 mL 8 mL 1000 mcg/10 mL 3 mL 12 mL 1500 mcg/15 mL 4 mL 16 mL 2000 mcg/20 mL 5 mL 20 mL 2500 mcg/25 mL 6 mL 24 mL 3000 mcg/30 mL 7 mL 28 mL 3500 mcg/35 mL 8 mL 32 mL 4000 mcg/40 mL 9 mL 36 mL 4500 mcg/45 mL 10 mL 40 mL 5000 mcg/50 mL Renal Impairment Dosage should be adjusted according to the degree of renal impairment, and patients should be carefully monitored.

Since only a minimal amount of clonidine is removed during routine hemodialysis, there is no need to give supplemental clonidine following dialysis. Clonidine hydrochloride injection must not be used with a preservative. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.

⛔ Contraindications 67 words ▾

CONTRAINDICATIONS Clonidine hydrochloride injection is contraindicated in patients with a history of sensitization or allergic reactions to clonidine. Epidural administration is contraindicated in the presence of an injection site infection, in patients on anticoagulant therapy, and in those with a bleeding diathesis. Administration of clonidine hydrochloride injection above the C4 dermatome is contraindicated since there are no adequate safety data to support such use (see WARNINGS ).

⚠️ Warnings ~3 min read ▾

WARNINGS Use in Postoperative or Obstetrical Analgesia Clonidine hydrochloride injection (epidural clonidine) is not recommended for obstetrical, post-partum, or peri-operative pain management. The risk of hemodynamic instability, especially hypotension and bradycardia, from epidural clonidine may be unacceptable in these patients. Hypotension Because severe hypotension may follow the administration of clonidine, it should be used with caution in all patients.

It is not recommended in most patients with severe cardiovascular disease or in those who are otherwise hemodynamically unstable. The benefit of its administration in these patients should be carefully balanced against the potential risks resulting from hypotension. Vital signs should be monitored frequently, especially during the first few days of epidural clonidine therapy.

When clonidine is infused into the upper thoracic spinal segments, more pronounced decreases in the blood pressure may be seen. Clonidine decreases sympathetic outflow from the central nervous system resulting in decreases in peripheral resistance, renal vascular resistance, heart rate, and blood pressure. However, in the absence of profound hypotension, renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate remain essentially unchanged.

In the pivotal double-blind, randomized study of cancer patients, where 38 subjects were administered epidural clonidine at 30 mcg/hr in addition to epidural morphine, hypotension occurred in 45% of subjects. Most episodes of hypotension occurred within the first four days after beginning epidural clonidine. However, hypotensive episodes occurred throughout the duration of the trial.

There was a tendency for these episodes to occur more commonly in women, and in those with higher serum clonidine levels. Patients experiencing hypotension also tended to weigh less than those who did not experience hypotension. The hypotension is usually responsive to intravenous fluids and, if necessary, appropriate parenterally-administered pressor agents.

Published reports on the use of epidural clonidine for intraoperative or postoperative analgesia also show a consistent and marked hypotensive response to clonidine. Severe hypotension may occur even if intravenous fluid pretreatment is given. Withdrawal Sudden cessation of clonidine treatment, regardless of the route of administration, has, in some cases, resulted in symptoms such as nervousness, agitation, headache, and tremor, accompanied or followed by a rapid rise in blood pressure.

The likelihood of such reactions appears to be greater after administration of higher doses or with concomitant beta-blocker treatment. Special caution is therefore advised in these situations. Rare instances of hypertensive encephalopathy, cerebrovascular accidents and death have been reported after abrupt clonidine withdrawal.

Patients with a history of hypertension and/or other underlying cardiovascular conditions may be at particular risk of the consequences of abrupt discontinuation of clonidine. In the pivotal double-blind, randomized cancer pain study, four of 38 subjects receiving 720 mcg of clonidine per day experienced rebound hypertension following abrupt withdrawal. One of these patients with rebound hypertension subsequently experienced a cerebrovascular accident.

Careful monitoring of infusion pump function and inspection of catheter tubing for obstruction or dislodgement can help reduce the risk of inadvertent abrupt withdrawal of epidural clonidine. Patients should notify their physician immediately if clonidine administration is inadvertently interrupted for any reason. Patients should also be instructed not to discontinue therapy without consulting their physician.

When discontinuing therapy with epidural clonidine, the physician should reduce the dose gradually over 2 to 4 days to avoid withdrawal symptoms. An excessive rise in blood pressure following discontinuation of epidural clonidine can be treated by administration of clonidine o… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]

🤒 Adverse Reactions ~3 min read ▾

ADVERSE REACTIONS Adverse reactions seen during continuous epidural clonidine infusion are dose-dependent and typical for a compound of this pharmacologic class. The adverse events most frequently reported in the pivotal controlled clinical trial of continuous epidural clonidine administration consisted of hypotension, postural hypotension, decreased heart rate, rebound hypertension, dry mouth, nausea, confusion, dizziness, somnolence, and fever. Hypotension is the adverse event that most frequently requires treatment.

The hypotension is usually responsive to intravenous fluids and, if necessary, appropriate parenterally-administered pressor agents. Hypotension was observed more frequently in women and in lower weight patients, but no dose-related response was established. Implantable epidural catheters are associated with a risk of catheter-related infections, including meningitis and/or epidural abscess.

The risk depends on the clinical situation and the type of catheter used, but catheter related infections occur in 5% to 20% of patients, depending on the kind of catheter used, catheter placement technique, quality of catheter care, and length of catheter placement. The inadvertent intrathecal administration of clonidine has not been associated with a significantly increased risk of adverse events, but there are inadequate safety and efficacy data to support the use of intrathecal clonidine. Epidural clonidine was compared to placebo in a two-week double-blind study of 85 terminal cancer patients with intractable pain receiving epidural morphine.

The following adverse events were reported in two or more patients and may be related to administration of either clonidine or morphine: Incidence of Adverse Events in the Two-Week Trial Adverse Events Clonidine N = 38 n (%) Placebo N = 47 n (%) Total Number of Patients Who Experienced at Least One Adverse Event 37 (97.4) 38 (80.5) Hypotension 17 (44.8) 5 (10.6) Postural Hypotension 12 (31.6) 0 (0) Dry Mouth 5 (13.2) 4 (8.5) Nausea 5 (13.2) 10 (21.3) Somnolence 5 (13.2) 10 (21.3) Dizziness 5 (13.2) 2 (4.3) Confusion 5 (13.2) 5 (10.6) Vomiting 4 (10.5) 7 (14.9) Nausea/Vomiting 3 (7.9) 1 (2.1) Sweating 2 (5.3) 0 (0) Chest Pain 2 (5.3) 0 (0) Hallucination 2 (5.3) 1 (2.1) Tinnitus 2 (5.3) 0 (0) Constipation 1 (2.6) 2 (4.3) Tachycardia 1 (2.6) 2 (4.3) Hypoventilation 1 (2.6) 2 (4.3) An open label long-term extension of the above trial was performed.

Thirty-two subjects received epidural clonidine and morphine for up to 94 weeks with a median dosing period of 10 weeks. The following adverse events (and percent incidence) were reported: hypotension/ postural hypotension (47%); nausea (13%); anxiety/confusion (38%); somnolence (25%); urinary tract infection (22%); constipation, dyspnea, fever, infection (6% each); asthenia, hyperaesthesia, pain, skin ulcer, and vomiting (5% each). Eighteen percent of subjects discontinued this study as a result of catheter-related problems (infections, accidental dislodging, etc.), and one subject developed meningitis, possibly as a result of a catheter-related infection.

In this study, rebound hypertension was not assessed, and ECG and laboratory data were not systematically sought. The following adverse reactions have also been reported with the use of any dosage form of clonidine. In many cases patients were receiving concomitant medication and a causal relationship has not been established: Body as a Whole: Weakness, 10%; fatigue, 4%; headache and withdrawal syndrome, each 1%.

Also reported were pallor, a weakly positive Coomb's test, and increased sensitivity to alcohol. Cardiovascular: Palpitations and tachycardia, and bradycardia, each 0.5%. Syncope, Raynaud’s phenomenon, congestive heart failure, and electrocardiographic abnormalities (i.e., sinus node arrest, functional bradycardia, high degree AV block) have been reported rarely.

Rare cases of sinus bradycardia and atrioventricular block have been reported, both with and without the use of concom… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]

🔄 Drug Interactions 150 words ▾

Drug Interactions Clonidine may potentiate the CNS-depressive effect of alcohol, barbiturates or other sedating drugs. Narcotic analgesics may potentiate the hypotensive effects of clonidine. Tricyclic antidepressants may antagonize the hypotensive effects of clonidine.

The effects of tricyclic antidepressants on clonidine’s analgesic actions are not known. Beta-blockers may exacerbate the hypertensive response seen with clonidine withdrawal. Also, due to the potential for additive effects such as bradycardia and AV block, caution is warranted in patients receiving clonidine with agents known to affect sinus node function or AV nodal conduction, e.g., digitalis, calcium channel blockers, and beta-blockers.

There is one reported case of a patient with acute delirium associated with the simultaneous use of fluphenazine and oral clonidine. Symptoms resolved when clonidine was withdrawn and recurred when the patient was rechallenged with clonidine. Epidural clonidine may prolong the duration of pharmacologic effects of epidural local anesthetics, including both sensory and motor blockade.

👥 Use in Specific Populations 24 words ▾

Special Populations The pharmacokinetics of epidurally administered clonidine has not been studied in the pediatric population or in patients with renal or hepatic disease.

🧒 Pediatric Use 119 words ▾

Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of clonidine hydrochloride injection in this limited indication and clinical population have been established in patients old enough to tolerate placement and management of an epidural catheter, based on evidence from adequate and well controlled studies in adults and experience with the use of clonidine in the pediatric age group for other indications. The use of clonidine hydrochloride injection should be restricted to pediatric patients with severe intractable pain from malignancy that is unresponsive to epidural or spinal opiates or other more conventional analgesic techniques.

The starting dose of clonidine hydrochloride injection should be selected on per kilogram basis (0.5 mcg per kg per hour) and cautiously adjusted based on the clinical response.

🆘 Overdosage ~1 min read ▾

OVERDOSAGE Hypertension may develop early and may be followed by hypotension, bradycardia, respiratory depression, hypothermia, drowsiness, decreased or absent reflexes, irritability, and miosis. With large oral overdoses, reversible cardiac conduction defects or arrhythmias, apnea, coma, and seizures have been reported. As little as 100 mcg of oral clonidine has produced signs of toxicity in pediatric patients.

There is no specific antidote for clonidine overdosage. Supportive care may include atropine sulfate for bradycardia, intravenous fluids and/or vasopressor agents for hypotension. Hypertension associated with overdosage has been treated with intravenous furosemide, diazoxide or alpha-blocking agents such as phentolamine.

Naloxone may be a useful adjunct in the treatment of clonidine-induced respiratory depression, hypotension, and/or coma; blood pressure should be monitored since the administration of naloxone has occasionally resulted in paradoxical hypertension. Tolazoline administration has yielded inconsistent results and is not recommended as first-line therapy. Dialysis is not likely to significantly enhance the elimination of clonidine.

The largest overdose reported to date involved a 28-year old white male who ingested 100 mg of clonidine hydrochloride powder. This patient developed hypertension followed by hypotension, bradycardia, apnea, hallucinations, semi-coma, and premature ventricular contractions. The patient fully recovered after intensive treatment.

Plasma clonidine levels were 60 ng/mL after 1 hour, 190 ng/mL after 1.5 hours, 370 ng/mL after 2 hours, and 120 ng/mL after 5.5 and 6.5 hours. In mice and rats, the oral LD 50 of clonidine is 206 and 465 mg/kg, respectively.

🧬 Clinical Pharmacology ~3 min read ▾

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY Mechanism of Action Epidurally administered clonidine produces dose-dependent analgesia not antagonized by opiate antagonists. The analgesia is limited to the body regions innervated by the spinal segments where analgesic concentrations of clonidine are present. Clonidine is thought to produce analgesia at presynaptic and postjunctional alpha-2-adrenoceptors in the spinal cord by preventing pain signal transmission to the brain.

Pharmacokinetics Following a 10 minute intravenous infusion of 300 mcg clonidine HCl to five male volunteers, plasma clonidine levels showed an initial rapid distribution phase (mean ± SD t 1⁄2 = 11 ± 9 minutes) followed by a slower elimination phase (t 1⁄2 = 9 ± 2 hours) over 24 hours. Clonidine’s total body clearance (CL) was 219 ± 92 mL/min. Following a 700 mcg clonidine HCl epidural dose given over five minutes to four male and five female volunteers, peak clonidine plasma levels (4.4 ± 1.4 ng/mL) were obtained in 19 ± 27 minutes.

The plasma elimination half-life was determined to be 22 ± 15 hours following sample collection for 24 hours. CL was 190 ± 70 mL/min. In cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), peak clonidine levels (418 ± 255 ng/mL) were achieved in 26 ± 11 minutes.

The clonidine CSF elimination half-life was 1.3 ± 0.5 hours when samples were collected for 6 hours. Compared to men, women had a lower mean plasma clearance, longer mean plasma half-life, and higher mean peak level of clonidine in both plasma and CSF. In cancer patients who received 14 days of clonidine HCl epidural infusion (rate = 30 mcg/hr) plus morphine by patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), steady state clonidine plasma concentrations of 2.2 ± 1.1 and 2.4 ± 1.4 ng/mL were obtained on dosing days 7 and 14, respectively.

CL was 279 ± 184 and 272 ± 163 mL/min on these days. CSF concentrations were not determined in these patients. Distribution Clonidine is highly lipid soluble and readily distributes into extravascular sites including the central nervous system.

Clonidine’s volume of distribution is 2.1 ±

0.4L/kg. The binding of clonidine to plasma protein is primarily to albumin and varies between 20 and 40% in vitro. Epidurally administered clonidine readily partitions into plasma via the epidural veins and attains systemic concentrations (0.5 to 2 ng/mL) that are associated with a hypotensive effect mediated by the central nervous system.

Excretion Following an intravenous dose of 14 C-clonidine, 72% of the administered dose was excreted in urine in 96 hours of which 40 to 50% was unchanged clonidine. Renal clearance for clonidine was determined to be 133 ± 66 mL/min. In a study where 14 C-clonidine was given to subjects with varying degrees of kidney function, elimination half-lives varied (17.5 to 41 hours) as a function of creatinine clearance.

In subjects undergoing hemodialysis only 5% of body clonidine stores were removed. Metabolism In humans, clonidine metabolism follows minor pathways with the major metabolite, p-hydroxy-clonidine, being present at less than 10% of the concentration of unchanged drug in urine. Special Populations The pharmacokinetics of epidurally administered clonidine has not been studied in the pediatric population or in patients with renal or hepatic disease.

Clinical Trials In a double-blind, randomized study of cancer patients with severe intractable pain below the C4 dermatome not controlled by morphine, 38 patients were randomized to an epidural infusion of clonidine hydrochloride injection plus epidural morphine, whereas 47 subjects received epidural placebo plus epidural morphine. Both groups were allowed rescue doses of epidural morphine. Successful analgesia, defined as a decrease in either morphine use or Visual Analog Score (VAS) pain, was significantly more common with epidural clonidine than placebo (45% vs 21%, p=0.016).

Only the subgroup of 36 patients with ‘‘neuropathic’’ pain, characterized by the investigator as well-localized, burning, shooting, or electric-lik… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]

🧬 Mechanism of Action 57 words ▾

Mechanism of Action Epidurally administered clonidine produces dose-dependent analgesia not antagonized by opiate antagonists. The analgesia is limited to the body regions innervated by the spinal segments where analgesic concentrations of clonidine are present. Clonidine is thought to produce analgesia at presynaptic and postjunctional alpha-2-adrenoceptors in the spinal cord by preventing pain signal transmission to the brain.

📦 How Supplied / Storage and Handling 73 words ▾

HOW SUPPLIED Clonidine hydrochloride injection is supplied as: 100 mcg/mL in cartons containing one 10 mL vial (NDC 39822-2000-1) 500 mcg/mL in cartons containing one 10 mL vial (NDC 39822-2010-1) Store at 20º to 25ºC (68º to 77ºF) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Preservative Free. Discard unused portion.

Vial stoppers do not contain natural rubber latex. Manufactured for: XGen Pharmaceuticals DJB, Inc. Big Flats, NY 14814 Rx Only Revised: December 2022 CLON-AV-PI-00 8021569

📋 Description 182 words ▾

DESCRIPTION Clonidine hydrochloride injection is a centrally-acting analgesic solution for use in continuous epidural infusion devices. Clonidine Hydrochloride, USP, is an imidazoline derivative and exists as a mesomeric compound. The chemical names are Benzenamine, 2,6-dichloro-N-2-imidazolidinylidene monohydrochloride and 2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)imino]imidazolidine monohydrochloride.

The following is the structural formula: C 9 H 9 Cl 2 N 3 · HCl Mol. Wt. 266.56 Clonidine hydrochloride injection is supplied as a clear, colorless, preservative-free, pyrogen-free, aqueous sterile solution (pH 5 to 7) in single-dose, 10 mL vials.

Each mL of the 100 mcg/mL (0.1 mg/mL) concentration contains 100 mcg of Clonidine Hydrochloride, USP and 9 mg Sodium Chloride in Water for Injection, USP. Hydrochloric Acid and/or Sodium Hydroxide may have been added for pH adjustment. Each 10 mL vial contains 1 mg (1000 mcg) of clonidine hydrochloride.

Each mL of the 500 mcg/mL (0.5 mg/mL) concentration contains 500 mcg of Clonidine Hydrochloride, USP and 9 mg Sodium Chloride in Water for Injection, USP. Hydrochloric Acid and/or Sodium Hydroxide may have been added for pH adjustment. Each 10 mL vial contains 5 mg (5000 mcg) of clonidine hydrochloride. clonidine-structure

💬 Information for Patients 95 words ▾

Information for Patients Patients should be instructed about the risks of rebound hypertension and warned not to discontinue clonidine except under the supervision of a physician. Patients should notify their physician immediately if clonidine administration is inadvertently interrupted for any reason. Patients who engage in potentially hazardous activities, such as operating machinery or driving, should be advised of the potential sedative and hypotensive effects of epidural clonidine.

They should also be informed that sedative effects may be increased by CNS-depressing drugs such as alcohol and barbiturates, and that hypotensive effects may be increased by opiates.

⚠️ Precautions ~3 min read ▾

PRECAUTIONS General Cardiac Effects: Epidural clonidine frequently causes decreases in heart rate. Symptomatic bradycardia can be treated with atropine. Rarely, atrioventricular block greater than first degree has been reported.

Clonidine does not alter the hemodynamic response to exercise, but may mask the increase in heart rate associated with hypovolemia. Respiratory Depression and Sedation: Clonidine administration may result in sedation through the activation of alpha-adrenoceptors in the brainstem. High doses of clonidine cause sedation and ventilatory abnormalities that are usually mild.

Tolerance to these effects can develop with chronic administration. These effects have been reported with bolus doses that are significantly larger than the infusion rate recommended for treating cancer pain. Depression: Depression has been seen in a small percentage of patients treated with oral or transdermal clonidine.

Depression commonly occurs in cancer patients and may be exacerbated by treatment with clonidine. Patients, especially those with a known history of affective disorders, should be monitored for the signs and symptoms of depression. Pain of Visceral or Somatic Origin: In the clinical investigations, at doses tested, clonidine hydrochloride injection was most effective in well-localized, “neuropathic” pain that was characterized as electrical, burning, or shooting in nature, and which was localized to a dermatomal or peripheral nerve distribution.

Clonidine hydrochloride injection may be less effective, or possibly ineffective in the treatment of pain that is diffuse, poorly localized, or visceral in origin. Information for Patients Patients should be instructed about the risks of rebound hypertension and warned not to discontinue clonidine except under the supervision of a physician. Patients should notify their physician immediately if clonidine administration is inadvertently interrupted for any reason.

Patients who engage in potentially hazardous activities, such as operating machinery or driving, should be advised of the potential sedative and hypotensive effects of epidural clonidine. They should also be informed that sedative effects may be increased by CNS-depressing drugs such as alcohol and barbiturates, and that hypotensive effects may be increased by opiates. Drug Interactions Clonidine may potentiate the CNS-depressive effect of alcohol, barbiturates or other sedating drugs.

Narcotic analgesics may potentiate the hypotensive effects of clonidine. Tricyclic antidepressants may antagonize the hypotensive effects of clonidine. The effects of tricyclic antidepressants on clonidine’s analgesic actions are not known.

Beta-blockers may exacerbate the hypertensive response seen with clonidine withdrawal. Also, due to the potential for additive effects such as bradycardia and AV block, caution is warranted in patients receiving clonidine with agents known to affect sinus node function or AV nodal conduction, e.g., digitalis, calcium channel blockers, and beta-blockers. There is one reported case of a patient with acute delirium associated with the simultaneous use of fluphenazine and oral clonidine.

Symptoms resolved when clonidine was withdrawn and recurred when the patient was rechallenged with clonidine. Epidural clonidine may prolong the duration of pharmacologic effects of epidural local anesthetics, including both sensory and motor blockade. Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility In a 132-week study in rats, clonidine hydrochloride administered as a dietary admixture at 5 to 8 times (based on body surface area) the 50 mcg/kg maximum recommended daily human dose (MRDHD) for hypertension did not show any carcinogenic potential.

Clonidine was inactive in the Ames test of mutagenicity. Fertility of male or female rats was unaffected by oral clonidine hydrochloride doses as high as 150 mcg/kg, or about 0.5 times the MRDHD. Fertility of female rats did, however, appear to be affected in another experime… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]

🍼 Nursing Mothers 53 words ▾

Nursing Mothers Concentrations of clonidine in human breast milk are approximately twice those found in maternal plasma. Caution should be exercised when clonidine is administered to a nursing woman. Because of the potential for severe adverse reactions in nursing infants, a decision should be made to either discontinue nursing or to discontinue clonidine.

🧬 Pharmacokinetics ~1 min read ▾

Pharmacokinetics Following a 10 minute intravenous infusion of 300 mcg clonidine HCl to five male volunteers, plasma clonidine levels showed an initial rapid distribution phase (mean ± SD t 1⁄2 = 11 ± 9 minutes) followed by a slower elimination phase (t 1⁄2 = 9 ± 2 hours) over 24 hours. Clonidine’s total body clearance (CL) was 219 ± 92 mL/min. Following a 700 mcg clonidine HCl epidural dose given over five minutes to four male and five female volunteers, peak clonidine plasma levels (4.4 ± 1.4 ng/mL) were obtained in 19 ± 27 minutes.

The plasma elimination half-life was determined to be 22 ± 15 hours following sample collection for 24 hours. CL was 190 ± 70 mL/min. In cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), peak clonidine levels (418 ± 255 ng/mL) were achieved in 26 ± 11 minutes.

The clonidine CSF elimination half-life was 1.3 ± 0.5 hours when samples were collected for 6 hours. Compared to men, women had a lower mean plasma clearance, longer mean plasma half-life, and higher mean peak level of clonidine in both plasma and CSF. In cancer patients who received 14 days of clonidine HCl epidural infusion (rate = 30 mcg/hr) plus morphine by patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), steady state clonidine plasma concentrations of 2.2 ± 1.1 and 2.4 ± 1.4 ng/mL were obtained on dosing days 7 and 14, respectively.

CL was 279 ± 184 and 272 ± 163 mL/min on these days. CSF concentrations were not determined in these patients.

🔬 Clinical Studies ~1 min read ▾

Clinical Trials In a double-blind, randomized study of cancer patients with severe intractable pain below the C4 dermatome not controlled by morphine, 38 patients were randomized to an epidural infusion of clonidine hydrochloride injection plus epidural morphine, whereas 47 subjects received epidural placebo plus epidural morphine. Both groups were allowed rescue doses of epidural morphine. Successful analgesia, defined as a decrease in either morphine use or Visual Analog Score (VAS) pain, was significantly more common with epidural clonidine than placebo (45% vs 21%, p=0.016).

Only the subgroup of 36 patients with ‘‘neuropathic’’ pain, characterized by the investigator as well-localized, burning, shooting, or electric-like pain in a dermatomal or peripheral nerve distribution had significant analgesic effects relative to placebo in this study. The most frequent adverse events with clonidine were hypotension (45% vs 11% for placebo, p< 0.001), postural hypotension (32% vs 0%, p< 0.001), dizziness (13% vs 4%, p=0.234), anxiety (11% vs 2%, p=0.168) and dry mouth (13% vs 9%, p=0.505). Both mean blood pressure and heart rate were reduced in the clonidine group.

At the conclusion of the two-week study period in the clinical trial, all patients were abruptly withdrawn from study drug or placebo. Four patients of the clonidine group suffered rebound hypertension upon withdrawal of clonidine; one of these patients suffered a cerebrovascular accident. Asymptomatic bradycardia was noted in one clonidine patient.

📄 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility 107 words ▾

Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility In a 132-week study in rats, clonidine hydrochloride administered as a dietary admixture at 5 to 8 times (based on body surface area) the 50 mcg/kg maximum recommended daily human dose (MRDHD) for hypertension did not show any carcinogenic potential. Clonidine was inactive in the Ames test of mutagenicity. Fertility of male or female rats was unaffected by oral clonidine hydrochloride doses as high as 150 mcg/kg, or about 0.5 times the MRDHD.

Fertility of female rats did, however, appear to be affected in another experiment at oral dose levels of 500 to 2000 mcg/kg, or 2 to 7 times the MRDHD.

📄 Package Label / Principal Display Panel 26 words ▾

PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL Clonidine HCl Injection NDC 39822-2000-1 1000 mcg/10 mL PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL Clonidine HCl Injection NDC 39822-2010-1 5000 mcg/10 mL CLON-AV-CS100-00 vl100 CLON-AV-CS500-00 CLON-AV-VL500-00

Source: FDA Structured Product Labeling, mirrored from DailyMed / openFDA. Prefer the government’s original formatting? View this label on DailyMed ↗

Medicaid utilization & spend

📍 This exact package only: Medicaid data is reported per full 11-digit NDC — labeler, product and pack size — so every number here is for this package alone, not the drug overall. Other pack sizes report separately.
💊 Pharmacy benefit only: These are Medicaid outpatient pharmacy claims, billed by NDC. They exclude the medical benefit — clinic- or hospital-administered drugs billed under HCPCS J-codes — so drugs used mostly that way (e.g. Avastin, Lucentis, Keytruda) can look low or missing here. That’s expected, not an error.
📅 Q1 2025 – Q1 2026 · 5 quarters of data
ⓘ The newest quarter is usually incomplete when first published; states restate recent quarters in later CMS releases, so the latest figures typically revise upward. State coverage-policy changes can also shift quarter-to-quarter totals.
Prescriptions last 4 qtrs
3.6K
Units reimbursed last 4 qtrs
40.1K
Gross reimbursed last 4 qtrs
$151.2K
Avg / prescription
$41.76
Avg / unit
$3.7730
Latest quarter Q1 2026
850Rx
Fee-for-service vs managed care ⓘ
81% FFS 19% MCO
Fee-for-service · 2,916 Rx Managed care · 704 Rx
State Medicaid map
Alaska: no data reported AK Maine: no data reported ME Washington: no data reported WA Idaho: no data reported ID Montana: no data reported MT North Dakota: no data reported ND Minnesota: no data reported MN Wisconsin: no data reported WI Michigan: no data reported MI New York: 180 units · 0.9 per 100k residents NY Vermont: no data reported VT New Hampshire: no data reported NH Oregon: no data reported OR Nevada: no data reported NV Wyoming: no data reported WY South Dakota: no data reported SD Iowa: 280 units · 8.7 per 100k residents IA Illinois: no data reported IL Indiana: no data reported IN Ohio: 610 units · 5.2 per 100k residents OH Pennsylvania: no data reported PA New Jersey: no data reported NJ Massachusetts: 1,712 units · 24.5 per 100k residents MA California: no data reported CA Utah: no data reported UT Colorado: 35,620 units · 606 per 100k residents CO Nebraska: no data reported NE Missouri: 9 units · 0.1 per 100k residents MO Kentucky: no data reported KY West Virginia: no data reported WV Virginia: no data reported VA Maryland: no data reported MD Connecticut: no data reported CT Rhode Island: no data reported RI Arizona: no data reported AZ New Mexico: no data reported NM Kansas: no data reported KS Arkansas: no data reported AR Tennessee: no data reported TN North Carolina: 1,210 units · 11.2 per 100k residents NC South Carolina: no data reported SC Delaware: no data reported DE Oklahoma: no data reported OK Louisiana: no data reported LA Mississippi: no data reported MS Alabama: no data reported AL Georgia: no data reported GA D.C.: no data reported DC Hawaii: no data reported HI Texas: no data reported TX Florida: 450 units · 2.0 per 100k residents FL
Units reimbursed · per 100k residents
0.1606
gray = no data reported ⓘ
Colors are per 100,000 residents, so big states don’t automatically dominate. Tap or hover a state for its actual totals.
Tap or hover a state
…for its Medicaid breakdown
🏆 Top states by units · per 100k residents
1 Colorado 606 /100k
2 Massachusetts 24.5 /100k
3 North Carolina 11.2 /100k
4 Iowa 8.7 /100k
5 Ohio 5.2 /100k
6 Florida 2.0 /100k
7 New York 0.9 /100k
8 Missouri 0.1 /100k
National units — by quarter
💵 About the dollar figures: “reimbursed” is what Medicaid paid pharmacies before confidential manufacturer rebates, so the program’s real net cost is lower than these numbers. Fee-for-service and managed-care claims are combined unless split above. Source: CMS State Drug Utilization Data; per-100k rates use 2023 Census population estimates.

Medicare Part D spend CMS · PART D · 2026 (Q1)

Medicare Part D (outpatient prescription) spending for Clonidine — the program that covers self-administered drugs. 4 manufacturers.
⚠️ Drug-level data: CMS publishes Part D spending by drug, not by NDC — these figures combine every manufacturer, strength and package size sold under the name Clonidine. That’s a different level of aggregation than the Medicaid card above, which is specific to this exact 11-digit NDC (pack size included), so the two aren’t directly comparable.
Period
Total Part D spend
$13.31M
Claims incl. refills
123.2K
Beneficiaries
66.1K
Spend / beneficiary
$201.20
Spend / claim
$108.02
Trend by period
💵 About the dollar figures: spending is what Part D plans paid before confidential manufacturer rebates, so the program’s real net cost is lower. A blank patient count means fewer than 11 people — CMS hides counts that small to protect privacy. Source: CMS Medicare Quarterly Part D Spending by Drug (data.cms.gov), updated quarterly.

About this NDC listing & data coverage

Finished prescription product
What data is (and isn’t) available for this NDC — tap to expand
NDC identity (package / product / labeler codes) ✓ Available
Labeler ✓ Available
Product & package description ✓ Available
Marketing category & status ✓ Available
Active ingredient / dosage form / route ✓ Available
FDA label (SPL via DailyMed) ✓ Available
Package photos ✓ Available
Inactive ingredients (structured) ✓ Available
NADAC pharmacy acquisition price (CMS) — Not published for this NDC CMS publishes NADAC only for NDCs reported in its retail-pharmacy survey.
Orange Book / therapeutic-equivalence data ✓ Available
HCPCS J-code billing crosswalk ✓ Available
Medicaid utilization (CMS SDUD) ✓ Available
“Not published” reflects what the public FDA / CMS / NLM sources provide for this exact package code — it is a property of the data feeds, not a judgment about the product.

Questions about this listing

Why is there no price listed?
The pricing shown on our NDC pages comes from CMS NADAC, a voluntary survey of retail community pharmacy invoices. CMS does not publish a NADAC for every NDC — packages outside the retail survey (institutional and hospital products, bulk packages, discontinued items, and many OTC items) may never receive one. A missing price reflects the survey's scope, not this product's actual cost, and does not mean the product is free or unavailable.
Is the NDC printed on the package the same as the 11-digit billing NDC?
Yes, they identify this exact package in different formats. The form printed on the packaging and shown on DailyMed is the one the FDA registered. Insurance claims use a fixed 11-digit 5-4-2 format, so the short segment is padded with a leading zero and the dashes are dropped. The Identity section at the top of this page lists each form of this code.
Is this package still being marketed?
Yes, per the latest FDA NDC Directory data on this page: this package is listed as actively marketed, with no marketing end date reported by XGen Pharmaceuticals DJB, Inc.. Listing status can change — the directory data on this page refreshes weekly.
Who lists this product with the FDA?
XGen Pharmaceuticals DJB, Inc. is the labeler of record for this NDC — the company under whose FDA-assigned code the package is listed. The labeler may be the manufacturer itself or a distributor marketing the product under its own code.
Do I need a prescription for this product?
This NDC is listed with FDA as a prescription product, so it is dispensed under a prescriber's order. Your pharmacist can tell you whether any over-the-counter forms of the same medication exist.
Does this product have a billing J-code?
Yes — this NDC cross-references HCPCS code J0735 for medical-claim billing (typically used when a product is administered in a clinical setting rather than dispensed at a retail pharmacy). See the Billing section on this page.
This page identifies an FDA-listed package (the NDC) and reports public regulatory and pricing data about the listing. It is reference information, not a medical recommendation — talk to your pharmacist or prescriber about your own medication.
Where does this data come from?
Listing facts (marketing category, packager status, marketing dates) from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory; label availability from DailyMed; pricing coverage from CMS NADAC; equivalence scope from the FDA Orange Book.
For educational and professional reference only — not medical advice. Pricing reflects published NADAC and CMS ASP (free public data) and may differ from your acquisition cost; always verify before billing or dispensing.