Herb & supplement monograph

Bromelain Drug Interactions, Uses, Effectiveness, Safety & More

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Bromelain Drug Interactions: The Bottom Line

From the HelloPharmacist Editorial Team · Updated July 2026

Based on the available evidence, the overall risk of a clinically significant Bromelain drug interaction appears low for most people. None of the listed interactions are rated major, and even the moderate ones rest mostly on theoretical or limited evidence rather than well-documented human studies.

Interactions deserving the most attention

The combination that deserves the most care is bromelain with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs, often called blood thinners. Bromelain is thought to make platelets less sticky, which could add to the bleeding effect of these medicines. The human evidence is thin, limited to a single report of minor bruising in a person taking bromelain with naproxen, but bleeding risk is one area where even a small added effect can matter. Beyond that, nothing in the profile stands out as well proven in people.

What the rest of the list means

The long list of interacting medications reflects caution more than confirmed harm, since most concerns are predicted rather than shown in people. In fact, some predictions have not held up: lab work suggested bromelain could raise tetracycline antibiotic levels, but a study in healthy adults found no difference in blood levels with or without bromelain.

Check your medications against Bromelain

Based on HelloPharmacist’s Bromelain interaction data and reviewed under our editorial standards.

Interaction report

Drugs that interact with Bromelain

141 medications have a known interaction with Bromelain, graded by severity. Select any drug for the full evidence-based detail.

2,830 drugs
AbciximabReoPro
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Abciximab interaction
AbrocitinibCibinqo
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Abrocitinib interaction Abrocitinib drug page: uses, dosage & side effects
AcenocoumarolSintrom
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Acenocoumarol interaction
Acetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interaction
Acetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interaction
Acetaminophen, IbuprofenCombogesic
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen interaction
Acetylsalicylic AcidEntrophen
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Acetylsalicylic Acid interaction Acetylsalicylic Acid drug page: uses, dosage & side effects
Alteplase, TpaActilyse, Activase
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Alteplase, Tpa interaction
Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium HydroxideAscriptin Codeine #2
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium Hydroxide interaction
Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium HydroxideAscriptin
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium Hydroxide interaction Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium Hydroxide drug page: uses, dosage & side effects
Anacaulase-bcdbNexoBrid
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Anacaulase-bcdb interaction
AnagrelideAgrylin
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Anagrelide interaction Anagrelide drug page: uses, dosage & side effects
AnisindioneMiradon
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Anisindione interaction
Antithrombin IiiThrombate III
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Antithrombin Iii interaction
ApixabanEliquis
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Apixaban interaction Apixaban drug page: uses, dosage & side effects
ArgatrobanArgatroban
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Argatroban interaction
AspirinAngettes 75, ASA, Asaphen, Aspirin, Caprin, Cartia +8 more
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Aspirin interaction Aspirin drug page: uses, dosage & side effects
Aspirin, Aluminum Hydroxide, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium HydroxideAscriptin Codeine #3
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Aspirin, Aluminum Hydroxide, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium Hydroxide interaction
Aspirin, ButalbitalAxotal
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Aspirin, Butalbital interaction
Aspirin, Butalbital, CaffeineFiorinal
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine interaction Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine drug page: uses, dosage & side effects
Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine PhosphateFiorinal w/ Codeine
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine Phosphate interaction
Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine, PhenacetinMarnal
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine, Phenacetin interaction
Aspirin, CaffeineAnacin
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Aspirin, Caffeine interaction
Aspirin, Caffeine, Codeine PhosphateAnacin w/ Codeine
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Aspirin, Caffeine, Codeine Phosphate interaction
Aspirin, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine BitartrateSynalgos DC
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Aspirin, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine Bitartrate interaction
Aspirin, Caffeine, Dover's PwdAcedoval, Dovacet
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Aspirin, Caffeine, Dover's Pwd interaction
Aspirin, Caffeine, HydrocodoneDamason-P
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Aspirin, Caffeine, Hydrocodone interaction
Aspirin, Caffeine, Isobutylallylbarbituric Acid, PhenacetinLanorinal
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Aspirin, Caffeine, Isobutylallylbarbituric Acid, Phenacetin interaction Aspirin, Caffeine, Isobutylallylbarbituric Acid, Phenacetin drug page: uses, dosage & side effects
Aspirin, Caffeine, OrphenadrineInvagesic, Invagesic Forte, Norgesic, Norgesic Forte, Orphengesic, Orphengesic Forte
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Aspirin, Caffeine, Orphenadrine interaction
Aspirin, Caffeine, Phenacetin, PropoxypheneMargesic Comp. 65
Moderate Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Read the full Bromelain + Aspirin, Caffeine, Phenacetin, Propoxyphene interaction
Read The List Like a Pharmacist

What Severity, Likelihood & Evidence Mean

Severity — How Serious It Can Be

  • Major. Clinically significant; generally best avoided, or used only under direct professional supervision.
  • Moderate. May need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separating the times you take each one.
  • Minor. Generally not clinically significant, but still worth noting and mentioning to your pharmacist.
  • No known interaction. Checked against our sources with nothing documented — not the same as proven safety.

Likelihood — How Well It’s Documented

  • Likely. Well-controlled human studies have demonstrated the likely existence of this interaction
  • Probable. Interaction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports.
  • Possible. Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists
  • Unlikely. Interaction has been demonstrated in animal or in lab research but has been shown not to occur in humans.

Where This Data Comes From

  • Interaction records are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database (TRC Healthcare), the same reference used by pharmacists and hospitals.
  • Each drug listed above links to the full report for that exact Bromelain combination — clinical detail, likelihood, evidence level, and citations.
  • Content is reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists — see our data sources and editorial standards.
The big picture

The kinds of drugs Bromelain affects

Every type of medication (drug category) Bromelain is known to interact with. Open any category for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

All 2 drug categories Bromelain interacts with
Anticoagulant/antiplatelet DrugsTetracycline Antibiotics
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
There is one case report of a patient experiencing minor bruising while taking bromelain with naproxen. Bromelain is thought to have antiplatelet activity. Whether this interaction is of concern with topical bromelain is unclear. Interference with coagulation of burn wounds has been reported in a patient receiving bromelain-based enzymatic debridement. However, observational research has found that topical bromelain debridement is not associated with increases or decreases in laboratory markers of coagulation when compared with surgical debridement.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tetracycline Antibiotics

Theoretically, bromelain might increase levels of tetracycline antibiotics.
Laboratory research suggests that bromelain might increase the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics. However, a study in healthy adults reported no difference in tetracycline plasma levels when a 500 mg dose was taken with or without bromelain 80 mg.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Monograph

Bromelain: Uses, Safety & Side Effects

The bottom line

Bromelain is a group of protein-digesting enzymes from pineapple that people take mainly for inflammation, swelling, and sinus problems. Some early studies are promising, but the overall evidence is limited and far from conclusive. It is generally well tolerated short-term, but pregnant and breastfeeding people should avoid it, and anyone with a pineapple allergy or bleeding concerns should check with a pharmacist first.

Bromelain
Scientific name
Ananas comosus
Family
Bromeliaceae
Part used
Stem and fruit of the pineapple
Common forms
Capsules, tablets, powder, topical preparations
People commonly use it for
  • Inflammation and swelling
  • Sinus and nasal congestion
  • Digestion support
  • Post-surgery or injury recovery
  • Joint pain
  • Allergic rhinitis

Popular and traditional uses — not proof it works. See “Uses & effectiveness” below for the evidence.

Safety at a glance
OverallUse caution

Generally well tolerated short-term, but evidence on long-term use is limited.

PregnancyInsufficient reliable information

Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.

Read the full pregnancy detail
BreastfeedingInsufficient reliable information

Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.

Read the full breastfeeding detail

Pregnancy & breastfeeding ratings are from Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center). Safety guidance is general; always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor for your situation.

Jump to a section

Overview

Bromelain is a mixture of enzymes that break down proteins. These enzymes come from the pineapple plant (Ananas comosus), mostly from the stem but also from the fruit. Pineapple is a tropical plant grown in warm regions around the world, including parts of Central and South America, Asia, and Africa.

People have used bromelain for many years as a natural remedy. Today it is sold as a dietary supplement in capsules, tablets, and powders, and is sometimes found in topical products. It is most often taken to help with inflammation, swelling, sinus problems, and digestion.

How it works

Bromelain is made up of proteolytic enzymes, which means enzymes that break down proteins. This is the same kind of activity that helps digest protein in food.

Researchers believe bromelain may also affect substances in the body involved in inflammation and swelling. In laboratory and animal studies, it appears to influence certain immune signals and may help the body reduce fluid build-up and break down certain proteins linked to inflammation.

It is important to know that much of this information comes from test-tube and animal research. How well these effects carry over to people taking bromelain by mouth is still not fully understood.

Effectiveness

Does Bromelain work?

Evidence overview · 27 uses evaluated
27 Insufficient evidence
How to read these evidence grades

Natural Medicines’ 7-point scale. We show each rating’s label word-for-word.

1EffectiveStrong, consistent evidence it works.
2Likely EffectiveGood evidence, though not yet conclusive.
3Possibly EffectiveSome evidence suggests a benefit.
4Possibly IneffectiveSome evidence it may not help.
5Likely IneffectiveFairly strong evidence it doesn’t help.
6IneffectiveStrong evidence it doesn’t work.
7Insufficient Reliable Evidence to RateToo little research to say either way.

For Bromelain, current evidence isn’t strong enough to rate any specific use. The conditions it has been studied for are listed below.

Also studied for 27 conditions — evidence insufficient to rate
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Allergic rhinitis (hay fever)
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Although there has been interest in using oral bromelain for allergic rhinitis, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of bromelain for this condition.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Aromatase inhibitor-induced arthralgia
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral bromelain has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Burns
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Preliminary clinical research shows that topical bromelain is beneficial for burn debridement. However, it is unclear if topical bromelain is beneficial for scar prevention.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Cancer
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Although there has been interest in using oral bromelain for cancer, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of bromelain for this condition.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral bromelain has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Chronic venous insufficiency
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral bromelain has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Diabetes
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral bromelain has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Diabetic foot ulcers
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Although there has been interest in using topical bromelain for diabetic foot ulcers, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of bromelain for this condition.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Exercise-induced muscle soreness
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral bromelain is beneficial for preventing exercise-induced muscle soreness.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Exercise-induced respiratory infections
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral bromelain has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Kidney stones (nephrolithiasis)
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral bromelain is beneficial for kidney stone expulsion.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Knee pain
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral bromelain is beneficial for knee pain.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Lymphedema
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral bromelain has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Multiple sclerosis (MS)
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral bromelain has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Ocular floaters
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral bromelain has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Osteoarthritis
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral bromelain is beneficial for osteoarthritis.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Parturition
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Although there has been interest in using oral bromelain for shortening the duration of labor, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of bromelain for this purpose.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Periodontitis
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral bromelain is beneficial for periodontitis.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Pityriasis lichenoides chronica (PLC)
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral bromelain is beneficial for PLC.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Postoperative pain
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

While evidence is mixed, some small clinical studies suggest that oral bromelain reduces postoperative pain after some oral surgeries.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Postoperative swelling
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral bromelain has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Rhinosinusitis
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral bromelain is beneficial for rhinosinusitis.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Sprains
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral bromelain has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Tendinopathy
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral bromelain has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral bromelain has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Venous leg ulcers
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Although there has been interest in using topical bromelain for venous leg ulcers, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of bromelain for this condition.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Wound healing
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if enzymatic debridement with bromelain improves the healing of various types of chronic wounds.

Source & disclaimer. Effectiveness ratings and evidence summaries are provided by Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) and shown as licensed. Where Natural Medicines hasn’t rated a use, HelloPharmacist’s pharmacists may add their own reviewed rating and evidence (each such entry is labeled). This is educational information, not medical advice — talk with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or changing a supplement.

Safety & precautions

For most healthy adults, bromelain appears to be reasonably well tolerated when taken by mouth for a short time. Still, some people should be careful.

Allergies: People allergic to pineapple should avoid bromelain. Those with allergies to other plants, latex, or certain pollens may also react.

Bleeding risk: Bromelain may affect how the blood clots. Use caution if you have a bleeding disorder or are scheduled for surgery, and stop it well before any planned procedure unless your doctor says otherwise.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding: There is not enough reliable safety information for these groups. To be safe, avoid bromelain if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Always talk with your pharmacist or doctor before starting bromelain, especially if you have a health condition or take other medicines.

Side effects

Bromelain is usually well tolerated, but it can cause side effects in some people. The most common ones are mild and affect the stomach, such as:

  • Nausea or upset stomach
  • Diarrhea
  • Vomiting

Less commonly, people may notice changes in heart rate or, rarely, allergic reactions. Signs of a serious allergic reaction can include rash, itching, swelling, trouble breathing, or wheezing. If you have any of these symptoms, stop taking it and get medical help right away.

Bromelain: Reported Adverse Effects

Documented safety reports on Bromelain from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database, shown word-for-word from the licensed record.

Orally, bromelain seems to be well tolerated.

Most Common Adverse Effects:

Orally: Diarrhea, flatulence, gastric upset, headache.

Topically: Pruritus, urticaria.

Reports by condition
Asthma Immunologic

Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergic reactions to bromelain may occur.

If inhaled, bromelain may cause sensitization and allergic reactions such as asthma. In case reports of occupational inhalation of bromelain, additional allergic symptoms included difficulty swallowing, throat itching, eye irritation, and rhinitis.

  1. Nettis E, Napoli G, Ferrannini A, Tursi A. IgE-mediated allergy to bromelain. Allergy 2001;56:257-8.
  2. Gailhofer, G., Wilders-Truschnig, M., Smolle, J., and Ludvan, M. Asthma caused by bromelain: an occupational allergy. Clin Allergy 1988;18(5):445-450.
  3. Galleguillos, F. and Rodriguez, J. C. Asthma caused by bromelin inhalation. Clin Allergy 1978;8(1):21-24.
  4. Perez-Camo I, Quirce S, Duran MA, and et al. Latex allergy: evidence of cross-reactivity with papain and bromelain [abstract]. Allergy 1996;51(suppl 31):48.
  5. Mattei, O., Fabri, G., and Farina, G. [Occupational health experience regarding four cases of asthma due to bromelain (author's transl)]. Medicina del Lavoro 1979;70(5):404-409.
Diarrhea Gastrointestinal
Hypertension Dermatologic

Topically, bromelain may cause dermal allergic reactions including urticaria, pruritus, and skin swelling. Redness, swelling, burning, pain at the application site, and cellulitis have also been reported rarely. In one case, a fixed drug eruption with pruritis near the groin was reported in a 33-year-old male taking bromelain 50 mg orally daily for 10 days. After discontinuation of bromelain and treatment with topical corticosteroid, the lesion resolved. Upon re-challenge with bromelain, the lesion reappeared in the same area.

In another case report, a 61-year-old male with a history of chronic lower leg ulceration secondary to chronic venous hypertension and recurrent deep vein thrombosis on rivaroxaban presented with a deep-dermal burn on his lower calf. Bromelain-based topical enzymatic debridement agent Nexobrid 2 grams was applied to the burn site. Thirty minutes later, the patient experienced two instances of hemorrhage at the site of debridement. The patient was stabilized and treated with fluids, packed red cells, and tranexamic acid, and then the Nexobrid was removed. Caution should be used in patients with underlying coagulopathies.

  1. Nettis E, Napoli G, Ferrannini A, Tursi A. IgE-mediated allergy to bromelain. Allergy 2001;56:257-8.
  2. Shoham Y, Shapira E, Haik J, et al. Bromelain-based enzymatic debridement of chronic wounds: Results of a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Wound Repair Regen 2021;29(6):899-907.
  3. Leelakanok N, Petchsomrit A, Janurai T, Saechan C, Sunsandee N. Efficacy and safety of bromelain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Health 2023.
  4. Kutlu Ö, DemirbaS A, Elmas ÖF, Güvenç U, Metin A. Fixed drug eruption: a new side effect of bromelain. Contact Dermatitis 2020. Online ahead of print.
  5. Hasham S, Riyat H, Fletcher A, O'Boyle CP, Alexander S. To bleed or not to bleed? Case series and discussion of haemorrhage risk with enzymatic debridement in burn injuries. Scars Burn Heal 2023;9:20595131231168333.
DISCLAIMER: This tool is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions.

Adverse-effects data: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center

Dosing

There is no single standardized dose of bromelain that has been firmly established for any condition. Bromelain products are often measured in units of enzyme activity (such as GDU or MCU), which can vary widely between brands, making it hard to compare products.

Because of this, the best approach is to follow the directions on the product label and not exceed the recommended amount. A pharmacist can help you understand the strength of a particular product and whether it is appropriate for you.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding

Bromelain & Pregnancy

Insufficient reliable information

Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.

Bromelain & Breastfeeding

Insufficient reliable information

Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.

DISCLAIMER: This tool is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions.

© 2026 Therapeutic Research Center

Pregnancy & lactation ratings: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center

References & further reading

The 19 references that drive our Bromelain monograph and interaction data, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Citations with a link open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

  1. Nettis E, Napoli G, Ferrannini A, Tursi A. IgE-mediated allergy to bromelain. Allergy 2001;56:257-8. PubMed
  2. Taussig SJ, Batkin S. Bromelain, the enzyme complex of pineapple (Ananas comosus) and its clinical application. An update. J Ethnopharmacol 1988;22:191-203.. PubMed
  3. Bradbrook ID, Morrison PJ, Rogers HJ. The effect of bromelain on the absorption of orally administered tetracycline. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1978;6:552-4. PubMed
  4. Bush TM, Rayburn KS, Holloway SW, et al. Adverse interactions between herbal and dietary substances and prescription medications: a clinical survey. Altern Ther Health Med 2007;13:30-5.
  5. Brien S, Lewith G, Walker AF, et al. Bromelain as an adjunctive treatment for moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized placebo-controlled pilot study. QJM 2006;99:841-50. PubMed
  6. Mori S, Ojima Y, Hirose T, et al. The clinical effect of proteolytic enzyme containing bromelain and trypsin on urinary tract infection evaluated by double blind method. Acta Obstet Gynaecol Jpn 1972;19:147-53.
  7. Glaser D, Hilberg T. The influence of bromelain on platelet count and platelet activity in vitro. Platelets 2006;17:37-41. PubMed
  8. Heinicke R M, van der Wal L, Yokoyama M. Effect of bromelain (Ananase) on human platelet aggregation. Experientia 1972;28:844-5. PubMed
  9. Gailhofer, G., Wilders-Truschnig, M., Smolle, J., and Ludvan, M. Asthma caused by bromelain: an occupational allergy. Clin Allergy 1988;18(5):445-450. PubMed
  10. Mattei, O., Fabri, G., and Farina, G. [Occupational health experience regarding four cases of asthma due to bromelain (author's transl)]. Medicina del Lavoro 1979;70(5):404-409.
  11. Galleguillos, F. and Rodriguez, J. C. Asthma caused by bromelin inhalation. Clin Allergy 1978;8(1):21-24. PubMed
  12. Perez-Camo I, Quirce S, Duran MA, and et al. Latex allergy: evidence of cross-reactivity with papain and bromelain [abstract]. Allergy 1996;51(suppl 31):48.
  13. Martin GJ, Ehrenreich J, and Asbell N. Bromelain: pineapple proteases with anti-edema activity. Exp Med Surg 1962;20:227-247.
  14. Kasemsuk T, Saengpetch N, Sibmooh N, Unchern S. Improved WOMAC score following 16-week treatment with bromelain for knee osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2016 Oct;35(10):2531-40. PubMed
  15. Kutlu Ö, DemirbaS A, Elmas ÖF, Güvenç U, Metin A. Fixed drug eruption: a new side effect of bromelain. Contact Dermatitis 2020. Online ahead of print. PubMed
Keep reading

This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

Product directory

Supplement products with Bromelain

6,847 products in our database contain Bromelain. Open any to see its full ingredient list and every drug interaction we check.

1 After Packet by New Earth Edge Capsule 60 Packet(s) View ingredients & interactions 1 Vitamin + Mineral by Pioneer Tablet Or Pill 120 Vegetarian Tablet(s) View ingredients & interactions 1:1 Fats + Protein Rich Chocolate by PlantFusion Powder 11.11 Oz(s) · 315 Gram(s) View ingredients & interactions 100 Billion Probiotic by OM Original Medicine by Garden of Life Capsule 30 Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions 100% Egg Protein French Vanilla by Healthy 'N Fit Powder 2 Pound(s) · 908 Gram(s) View ingredients & interactions 100% Egg Protein Heavenly Chocolate by Healthy 'N Fit Powder 2 Pound(s) · 908 Gram(s) View ingredients & interactions 100% Egg Protein Heavenly Chocolate by Healthy 'N Fit Powder 4 Pound(s) · 1815 Gram(s) View ingredients & interactions 100% Egg Protein Heavenly Chocolate Flavor by Healthy 'N Fit Powder 12 Ounce(s) · 340 Gram(s) View ingredients & interactions 100% Egg Protein Vanilla Ice Cream by Healthy 'N Fit Powder 4 Pound(s) · 1815 Gram(s) View ingredients & interactions 100% Egg Protein Vanilla Ice Cream by Healthy 'N Fit Powder 2 Pound(s) · 908 Gram(s) View ingredients & interactions 13 Powerful Food Digestion Enzymes by Nature's Secret Softgel Capsule 60 Liquid Softgel(s) View ingredients & interactions 50 & Wiser Men by Garden of Life Vitamin Code Capsule 240 Vegetarian Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions 50 & Wiser Men by Garden of Life Vitamin Code Capsule 120 Vegetarian Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions 50 & Wiser Men by Garden of Life Vitamin Code Capsule 120 Vegetarian Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions 50 & Wiser Men by Garden of Life Vitamin Code Capsule 120 Vegetarian Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions 50 & Wiser Men by Garden of Life Vitamin Code Capsule 240 Vegetarian Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions 50 & Wiser Men by Garden of Life Vitamin Code Capsule 240 Vegetarian Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions 50 & Wiser Women by Garden of Life Vitamin Code Capsule 120 Vegetarian Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions 50 & Wiser Women by Garden of Life Vitamin Code Capsule 120 Vegetarian Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions 50 & Wiser Women by Garden of Life Vitamin Code Capsule 240 Vegetarian Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions 50 & Wiser Women by Garden of Life Vitamin Code Capsule 240 Vegetarian Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions 50 & Wiser Women by Garden of Life Vitamin Code Capsule 240 Vegetarian Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions 50 & Wiser Women by Garden of Life Vitamin Code Capsule 120 Vegetarian Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions 50 & Wiser Women by Garden of Life Vitamin Code Capsule 120 Vegetarian Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Bromelain: Common Questions

What is Bromelain used for, and does it work?
People use Bromelain for a range of reasons, but according to the Natural Medicines database the current clinical evidence is insufficient to confirm it works for the specific conditions it has been studied for. See the graded list on this page, and talk to your pharmacist or doctor before relying on it for any condition.
Does Bromelain interact with prescription medications?
Yes. We list 141 medications with a known interaction with Bromelain. Use the checker above to see how Bromelain interacts with a specific drug.
How are Bromelain interactions rated?
Each interaction is graded major, moderate, or minor based on how clinically significant it is and the strength of the evidence behind it. Major interactions are the most serious and are best avoided, or used only under close professional supervision.
Is it safe to take Bromelain with my medications?
It depends on the specific medication. Some combinations are fine, while others call for monitoring, timing changes, or should be avoided. Check your exact drug above and confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or changing anything.
Where does this Bromelain interaction information come from?
Our interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database — an evidence-graded reference for vitamins, herbs, and supplements — and is reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists, who may add clinical context.
What is Bromelain used for?
People most often use Bromelain for inflammation, swelling, sinus congestion, and as a digestive aid. The evidence for these uses is limited, so it should not replace treatments your doctor recommends.
Is Bromelain safe to take?
It is generally well tolerated by healthy adults for short-term use, but it can cause stomach upset or allergic reactions in some people. Check with your pharmacist if you have allergies, a bleeding disorder, or upcoming surgery.
Can I take Bromelain while pregnant or breastfeeding?
No. There is not enough safety information for these groups, so it is best to avoid Bromelain during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Can I just eat pineapple to get Bromelain?
Pineapple does contain Bromelain, but the amount and concentration in food is much lower and less consistent than in supplements. Eating pineapple is unlikely to provide the same levels used in studies.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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