Amoxicillin with Probenecid Interaction Details

Brand Names Associated with Amoxicillin

Brand Names Associated with Probenecid

Medical Content Editor Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD
Last updated Mar 03, 2024

Interaction Effect

Prolonged and increased amoxicillin exposure

Interaction Summary

Probenecid interferes with the renal tubular secretion of the penicillins, including amoxicillin, resulting in elevated serum concentrations of these agents[1][2][3]. The combination has been used to potentiate the effect of the penicillin. Concurrent use with amoxicillin may result in increased and prolonged blood levels of amoxicillin [4]. Closely monitor for signs or symptoms of increased or prolonged adverse reactions associated with amoxicillin when used with probenecid [5].

Severity

Major

Onset

Unspecified

Evidence

Probable

How To Manage Interaction

Concomitant use of probenecid with amoxicillin may increase the exposure of amoxicillin, which may increase the risk of adverse reactions of amoxicillin. Closely monitor for signs or symptoms of increased or prolonged adverse reactions associated with amoxicillin when used with probenecid[5].

Mechanism Of Interaction

Blocking renal tubular secretion of amoxicillin by probenecid

References

1 ) Munnich D, Bekesi S, & Lakatos M et#al: Treatment of typhoid carriers with amoxycillin and in combination with probenecid. Chemotherapy 1974; 20(1):29-38.

2 ) Blum RA: Effect of probenecid on the pharmacokinetics of oral carbenicillin (abstract). Pharm Res 1988; 5:151.

3 ) Sutherland R, Croyden EA, & Rolinson GS: Amoxycillin: a new semi-synthetic penicillin. Br Med J 1972; 3:13-16.

4 ) Product Information: AUGMENTIN XR(R) oral extended release tablets, amoxicillin clavulanate potassium oral extended release tablets. USAntibiotics LLC (per FDA), Bristol, TN, 2022.

5 ) Product Information: VOQUEZNA(TM) TRIPLE PAK(TM) oral kit, vonoprazan oral tablets, amoxicillin oral capsules, clarithromycin oral tablets kit. Phathom Pharmaceuticals (per FDA), Buffalo Grove, IL, 2023.

Amoxicillin Overview

• Amoxicillin is used to treat certain infections caused by bacteria, such as pneumonia; bronchitis (infection of the airway tubes leading to the lungs); and infections of the ears, nose, throat, urinary tract, and skin. It is also used in combination with other medications to eliminate H. pylori, a bacteria that causes ulcers. Amoxicillin is in a class of medications called penicillin-like antibiotics. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.

• Antibiotics such as amoxicillin will not work for colds, flu, and other viral infections. Taking antibiotics when they are not needed increases your risk of getting an infection later that resists antibiotic treatment.

Probenecid Overview

• Probenecid is used to treat chronic gout and gouty arthritis. It is used to prevent attacks related to gout, not treat them once they occur. It acts on the kidneys to help the body eliminate uric acid. Probenecid is also used to make certain antibiotics more effective by preventing the body from passing them in the urine.

• This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

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Definitions

Severity Categories

Contraindicated

These drugs, generally, should not be used together simultaneously due to the high risk of severe adverse effects. Combining these medications can lead to dangerous health outcomes and should be strictly avoided unless otherwise instructed by your provider.

Major

This interaction could result in very serious and potentially life-threatening consequences. If you are taking this drug combination, it is very important to be under close medical supervision to minimize severe side effects and ensure your safety. It may be necessary to change a medication or dosage to prevent harm.

Moderate

This interaction has the potential to worsen your medical condition or alter the effectiveness of your treatment. It's important that you are monitored closely and you potentially may need to make adjustments in your treatment plan or drug dosage to maintain optimal health.

Minor

While this interaction is unlikely to cause significant problems, it could intensify side effects or reduce the effectiveness of one or both medications. Monitoring for changes in symptoms and your condition is recommended, and adjustments may be made if needed to manage any increased or more pronounced side effects.

Onset

Rapid: Onset of drug interaction typically occurs within 24 hours of co-administration.

Delayed: Onset of drug interaction typically occurs more than 24 hours after co-administration.

Evidence

Level of documentation of the interaction.

Established: The interaction is documented and substantiated in peer-reviewed medical literature.

Theoretical: This interaction is not fully supported by current medical evidence or well-documented sources, but it is based on known drug mechanisms, drug effects, and other relevant information.

How To Manage The Interaction

Provides a detailed discussion on how patients and clinicians can approach the identified drug interaction as well as offers guidance on what to expect and strategies to potentially mitigate the effects of the interaction. This may include recommendations on adjusting medication dosages, altering the timing of drug administration, or closely monitoring for specific symptoms.

It's important to note that all medical situations are unique, and management approaches should be tailored to individual circumstances. Patients should always consult their healthcare provider for personalized advice and guidance on managing drug interactions effectively.

Mechanism Of Interaction

The theorized or clinically determined reason (i.e., mechanism) why the drug-drug interaction occurs.

Disclaimer: The information provided on this page is for informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional regarding your specific circumstances and medical conditions.

Where Does Our Information Come From?

Information for our drug interactions is compiled from several drug compendia, including:

• Gold Standard Drug Database
• Micromedex
• Lexicomp
• DrugBank

The prescribing information for each drug, as published on DailyMED, is also used. 

Individual drug-drug interaction detail pages contain references specific to that interaction. You can click on the reference number within brackets '[]' to see what reference was utilized.

The information posted is fact-checked by HelloPharmacist clinicians and reviewed quarterly.