Melanotan Drug Interactions, Uses, Effectiveness, Safety & More
What is this page for?
First and foremost: how Melanotan interacts with medications. The heart of this page is the interaction list — every drug Melanotan is known to interact with, and how serious each one is.
But these pages have grown well beyond that into a full monograph — what Melanotan is, what people use it for and how strong the evidence is, its safety and side effects, and answers to the questions we’re asked most — written and reviewed by the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases, not medical advice, and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Check Melanotan against your medication
Add one medicationDrugs that interact with Melanotan
0 medications have a known interaction with Melanotan, graded by severity. Select any drug for the full evidence-based detail.
We don’t currently list any known drug interactions for Melanotan. This doesn’t guarantee none exist — always confirm with your pharmacist before combining supplements with your medications.
What Severity, Likelihood & Evidence Mean
Severity — How Serious It Can Be
- Major. Clinically significant; generally best avoided, or used only under direct professional supervision.
- Moderate. May need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separating the times you take each one.
- Minor. Generally not clinically significant, but still worth noting and mentioning to your pharmacist.
- No known interaction. Checked against our sources with nothing documented — not the same as proven safety.
Likelihood — How Well It’s Documented
- Likely. Well-controlled human studies have demonstrated the likely existence of this interaction
- Probable. Interaction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports.
- Possible. Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists
- Unlikely. Interaction has been demonstrated in animal or in lab research but has been shown not to occur in humans.
Where This Data Comes From
- Interaction records are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database (TRC Healthcare), the same reference used by pharmacists and hospitals.
- Each drug listed above links to the full report for that exact Melanotan combination — clinical detail, likelihood, evidence level, and citations.
- Content is reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists — see our data sources and editorial standards.
Melanotan: Uses, Safety & Side Effects
Melanotan is a lab-made synthetic peptide (not an herb) marketed online to darken the skin and, in one form, to aid erections. It is not approved or regulated as a supplement, its purity and dosing are unreliable, and it has been linked to serious safety concerns, so we do not recommend using it.
- Part used
- Synthetic peptide (laboratory-made)
- Common forms
- Injectable solution, nasal spray (sold illicitly online)
- Skin tanning
- Reducing sun exposure for tanning
- Erectile dysfunction (Melanotan II)
- Appetite or body composition (unproven)
Popular and traditional uses — not proof it works. See “Uses & effectiveness” below for the evidence.
Melanotan is an unapproved, unregulated injectable peptide with real safety risks and no quality control.
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
Read the full pregnancy detailInsufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
Read the full breastfeeding detailPregnancy & breastfeeding ratings are from Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center). Safety guidance is general; always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor for your situation.
Overview
Melanotan is not a plant or herb. It is a man-made (synthetic) peptide created in a laboratory. It comes in two main versions, often called Melanotan I (afamelanotide) and Melanotan II. Both were originally studied as ways to trigger the body to make more skin pigment.
Melanotan is most often sold online as a powder that is mixed with liquid and injected under the skin, or as a nasal spray. People typically buy it to get a darker tan with less sun exposure. Melanotan II is also promoted for erectile problems and, sometimes, appetite control.
It is important to know that the Melanotan products sold online are not approved medicines and are not legal dietary supplements in the United States. They are unregulated, which means there is no guarantee of what is actually in the vial.
How it works
Melanotan peptides are designed to act like a natural body hormone called alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). This hormone attaches to receptors (called melanocortin receptors) on certain cells.
When these receptors are switched on in skin cells, they tell the body to make more melanin, the pigment that gives skin a darker color. This is the proposed reason Melanotan can cause tanning even without much sunlight.
The same receptors are also involved in appetite and sexual response, which is why Melanotan II has been linked to reduced appetite and to erections. Much of this understanding comes from laboratory and animal research and limited human studies.
Does Melanotan work?
How to read these evidence grades
Natural Medicines’ 7-point scale. We show each rating’s label word-for-word.
Possibly Effective Erectile dysfunction (ED)
Preliminary clinical research shows that using melanotan-II subcutaneously is superior to placebo in males with psychogenic or organic erectile dysfunction for initiating spontaneous sustained penile erections. Melanotan-II resulted in erections in at least 63% of participants, maintaining peak rigidity without pain for up to 45 minutes. The typical dose used was 0.025 mg/kg. However, because of side effects, including severe nausea, melanotan-II is not recommended for this use.
Source & disclaimer. Effectiveness ratings and evidence summaries are provided by Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) and shown as licensed. Where Natural Medicines hasn’t rated a use, HelloPharmacist’s pharmacists may add their own reviewed rating and evidence (each such entry is labeled). This is educational information, not medical advice — talk with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or changing a supplement.
Safety & precautions
We consider Melanotan products unsafe to use. They are not approved by the FDA, are not legal supplements, and are made and sold without quality control. Vials bought online may contain the wrong dose, contaminants, or bacteria, especially since they are often injected.
One serious concern is that Melanotan can cause existing moles to darken or change, and there are reports of new moles appearing. Because changing moles can be a warning sign of skin cancer (melanoma), this is an important risk. Anyone with many moles, a history of skin cancer, or a family history of melanoma should especially avoid it.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding: There is no reliable safety information. Pregnant or breastfeeding people should not use Melanotan.
Always talk to a pharmacist or doctor before considering products like this. If you want a tan, sunless tanning lotions are a much safer choice.
Side effects
Reported side effects of Melanotan include:
- Nausea and vomiting, especially soon after a dose
- Facial flushing (warmth and redness)
- Loss of appetite
- Darkening of moles, freckles, and skin in general
- Spontaneous erections (with Melanotan II)
- Stomach cramps and tiredness
More serious concerns include changes in moles that may be linked to skin cancer, infections or abscesses from non-sterile injecting, and rare reports of more severe reactions. Because these products are unregulated, the full range of risks is not well understood.
Melanotan: Reported Adverse Effects
Documented safety reports on Melanotan from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database, shown word-for-word from the licensed record.
Subcutaneously, melanotan can cause gastrointestinal cramping, nausea, decreased appetite, facial flushing, fatigue, somnolence, dizziness, yawning, stretching, and spontaneous penile erections. It can also cause increased pigmentation of the face, upper body, and buttocks. In case reports of light-skinned individuals with sun-seeking behavior, melanotan has been associated with changes to existing nevi and the development of melanoma.
There is a case of systemic toxicity after use of subcutaneous melanotan. Symptoms included overall body aches, sweating, anxiety, pupil dilation, tachycardia, muscle tremors, and rhabdomyolysis. There is also a case of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) resulting in a single seizure for a patient who used melanotan subcutaneously daily for one week.
- Dorr RT, Lines R, Levine N, et al. Evaluation of melanotan-II, a superpotent cyclic melanotropic peptide in a pilot phase-I clinical study. Life Sci 1996;58:1777-84.
- Wessells H, Fuciarelli K, Hansen J, et al. Synthetic melanotropic peptide initiates erections in men with psychogenic erectile dysfunction; double-blind, placebo controlled crossover study. J Urol 1998;160:389-93.
- Wessells H, Gralnek DR, Dorr RT, et al. Erectogenic properties of melanotan II in men with organic erectile dysfunction. 1999. Abstract Info-American Urological Association, Inc.
- Wessells H, Gralnek D, Dorr R, Hruby VJ, Hadley ME, Levine N. Effect of an alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone analog on penile erection and sexual desire in men with organic erectile dysfunction. Urology. 2000;56(4):641-6.
- Mallory CW, Lopategui DM, Cordon BH. Melanotan tanning injection: a rare cause of priapism. Sex Med. 2021 Feb;9(1):100298.
- Hjuler KF, Lorentzen HF. Melanoma associated with the use of melanotan-II. Dermatology. 2014;228(1):34-6.
- Schulze F, Erdmann H, Hardkop LH, et al. Eruptive naevi and darkening of pre-existing naevi 24 h after a single mono-dose injection of melanotan II. Eur J Dermatol. 2014;24(1):107-9.
- Reid C, Fitzgerald T, Fabre A, Kirby B. Atypical melanocytic naevi following melanotan injection. Ir Med J. 2013;106(5):148-9.
- Ong S, Bowling J. Melanotan-associated melanoma in situ. Australas J Dermatol. 2012;53(4):301-2.
- Ferrándiz-Pulido C, Fernández-Figueras MT, Quer A, Ferrándiz C. An eruptive pigmented lesion after melanotan injection. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2011;36(7):801-2.
- Paurobally D, Jason F, Dezfoulian B, Nikkels AF. Melanotan-associated melanoma. Br J Dermatol. 2011;164(6):1403-5.
- Cousen P, Colver G, Helbling I. Eruptive melanocytic naevi following melanotan injection. Br J Dermatol. 2009;161(3):707-8.
- Langan EA, Ramlogan D, Jamieson LA, Rhodes LE. Change in moles linked to use of unlicensed "sun tan jab". BMJ. 2009;338:b277.
- Nelson ME, Bryant SM, Aks SE. Melanotan II injection resulting in systemic toxicity and rhabdomyolysis. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2012;50(10):1169-73.
- Kaski D, Stafford N, Mehta A, Jenkins IH, Malhotra P. Melanotan and the posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 2013;158(9):707-8.
Actinic keratoses Dermatologic
Subcutaneously, melanotan can cause facial flushing. It can also cause increased pigmentation of the face, upper body, and buttocks. In case reports of individuals with light skin and a history of use of tanning beds, the eruption of new nevi, and darkening of existing nevi or change to dysplastic nevi, were thought to be related to the use of subcutaneous melanotan. In all cases, the changes occurred suddenly after 1-4 injections of melanotan. Whether the melanotan use, the tanning bed, or the combination played a role in these changes is not completely clear. Pigmentary changes, resulting in an eruptive pigmented lesion, also occurred in a 63-year-old male with light skin and a history of multiple actinic keratoses and basal cell carcinomas who had used subcutaneous melanotan for 15 days. A history of tanning beds was not mentioned. There is also a case report of a female who developed transverse pigmented streaks on the fingernails after use of subcutaneous melanotan suggested by a physician for tanning.
- Dorr RT, Lines R, Levine N, et al. Evaluation of melanotan-II, a superpotent cyclic melanotropic peptide in a pilot phase-I clinical study. Life Sci 1996;58:1777-84.
- Wessells H, Gralnek DR, Dorr RT, et al. Erectogenic properties of melanotan II in men with organic erectile dysfunction. 1999. Abstract Info-American Urological Association, Inc.
- Wessells H, Gralnek D, Dorr R, Hruby VJ, Hadley ME, Levine N. Effect of an alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone analog on penile erection and sexual desire in men with organic erectile dysfunction. Urology. 2000;56(4):641-6.
- Schulze F, Erdmann H, Hardkop LH, et al. Eruptive naevi and darkening of pre-existing naevi 24 h after a single mono-dose injection of melanotan II. Eur J Dermatol. 2014;24(1):107-9.
- Reid C, Fitzgerald T, Fabre A, Kirby B. Atypical melanocytic naevi following melanotan injection. Ir Med J. 2013;106(5):148-9.
- Cousen P, Colver G, Helbling I. Eruptive melanocytic naevi following melanotan injection. Br J Dermatol. 2009;161(3):707-8.
- Langan EA, Ramlogan D, Jamieson LA, Rhodes LE. Change in moles linked to use of unlicensed "sun tan jab". BMJ. 2009;338:b277.
- Ferrándiz-Pulido C, Fernández-Figueras MT, Quer A, Ferrándiz C. An eruptive pigmented lesion after melanotan injection. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2011;36(7):801-2.
- Paurobally D, El Hayderi L, Richert B, Andre J, Nikkels AF. Melanotan-associated transverse melanonychia. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2013;27(1):128-9.
Epilepsy Neurologic/CNS
Melanotan can cause fatigue and somnolence, as well as yawning and stretching.
There is a case report of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) occurring in a 20-year-old female who had a single seizure following use of subcutaneous melanotan daily for 1 week. The seizure resulted in reduced sensation on one side and reduced concentration and word-finding ability. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed almost complete resolution within 2 weeks. An effect of melanotan on blood pressure was thought to be responsible. Melanotan may cause systemic toxicity and rhabdomyolysis due to overstimulation of certain sympathomimetic pathways. A case of sympathomimetic overdrive characterized by tachycardia, hypertension, diaphoresis, tremulousness, and mydriasis has been reported for a 39-year-old patient who used subcutaneous melanotan 6 mg. The patient developed renal injury and rhabdomyolysis, which necessitated hospitalization in the intensive care unit for 3 days.
- Dorr RT, Lines R, Levine N, et al. Evaluation of melanotan-II, a superpotent cyclic melanotropic peptide in a pilot phase-I clinical study. Life Sci 1996;58:1777-84.
- Wessells H, Fuciarelli K, Hansen J, et al. Synthetic melanotropic peptide initiates erections in men with psychogenic erectile dysfunction; double-blind, placebo controlled crossover study. J Urol 1998;160:389-93.
- Wessells H, Gralnek DR, Dorr RT, et al. Erectogenic properties of melanotan II in men with organic erectile dysfunction. 1999. Abstract Info-American Urological Association, Inc.
- Wessells H, Gralnek D, Dorr R, Hruby VJ, Hadley ME, Levine N. Effect of an alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone analog on penile erection and sexual desire in men with organic erectile dysfunction. Urology. 2000;56(4):641-6.
- Kaski D, Stafford N, Mehta A, Jenkins IH, Malhotra P. Melanotan and the posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 2013;158(9):707-8.
- Nelson ME, Bryant SM, Aks SE. Melanotan II injection resulting in systemic toxicity and rhabdomyolysis. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2012;50(10):1169-73.
Erectile dysfunction (ED) Genitourinary
Subcutaneously, melanotan-II can cause spontaneous penile erections and priapism. In two case reports, males aged 41 and 55 using subcutaneous melanotan-II for tanning developed ischemic priapism lasting 22 hours and 30 hours, respectively. In one case the dose was unknown, and in the other it was 2 mg. Both patients had used melanotan-II previously without adverse effects, both required surgical management, and both subsequently developed erectile dysfunction.
- Dorr RT, Lines R, Levine N, et al. Evaluation of melanotan-II, a superpotent cyclic melanotropic peptide in a pilot phase-I clinical study. Life Sci 1996;58:1777-84.
- Wessells H, Fuciarelli K, Hansen J, et al. Synthetic melanotropic peptide initiates erections in men with psychogenic erectile dysfunction; double-blind, placebo controlled crossover study. J Urol 1998;160:389-93.
- Wessells H, Gralnek DR, Dorr RT, et al. Erectogenic properties of melanotan II in men with organic erectile dysfunction. 1999. Abstract Info-American Urological Association, Inc.
- Mallory CW, Lopategui DM, Cordon BH. Melanotan tanning injection: a rare cause of priapism. Sex Med. 2021 Feb;9(1):100298.
- Dreyer BA, Amer T, Fraser M. Melanotan-induced priapism: a hard-earned tan. BMJ Case Rep 2019;12(2):e227644.
Myasthenia gravis Oncologic
Subcutaneously, melanotan has been associated with cases of melanoma, particularly in patients with fair skin and existing moles who also use tanning beds. In one case report, melanoma occurred in a 20-year-old female who had self-injected with melanotan at doses of 0.1 mL (1 mg) on alternate days for 3-4 weeks, while also using a tanning bed. In another case, a 23-year-old female self-injected with two injections a week apart before noticing changes in an existing mole. The patient, who also used a tanning bed, had a total of 7 weekly injections before being diagnosed with melanoma. A third female was diagnosed with melanoma after progressive darkening of a pigmentary nevus on the abdomen. In addition to the occasional use of tanning beds, the patient used melanotan 100 mg daily for 2 days, followed by 50 mg daily for 5 days. Whether the melanotan use, the tanning bed, or the combination played a role in the development of melanoma in these patients is not completely clear.
- Hjuler KF, Lorentzen HF. Melanoma associated with the use of melanotan-II. Dermatology. 2014;228(1):34-6.
- Ong S, Bowling J. Melanotan-associated melanoma in situ. Australas J Dermatol. 2012;53(4):301-2.
- Paurobally D, Jason F, Dezfoulian B, Nikkels AF. Melanotan-associated melanoma. Br J Dermatol. 2011;164(6):1403-5.
Nausea and vomiting Gastrointestinal
Subcutaneously, melanotan can cause gastrointestinal cramping, nausea, and decreased appetite. Severe nausea has occurred after up to 20% of injections, with vomiting rarely.
- Dorr RT, Lines R, Levine N, et al. Evaluation of melanotan-II, a superpotent cyclic melanotropic peptide in a pilot phase-I clinical study. Life Sci 1996;58:1777-84.
- Wessells H, Fuciarelli K, Hansen J, et al. Synthetic melanotropic peptide initiates erections in men with psychogenic erectile dysfunction; double-blind, placebo controlled crossover study. J Urol 1998;160:389-93.
- Wessells H, Gralnek DR, Dorr RT, et al. Erectogenic properties of melanotan II in men with organic erectile dysfunction. 1999. Abstract Info-American Urological Association, Inc.
- Hjuler KF, Lorentzen HF. Melanoma associated with the use of melanotan-II. Dermatology. 2014;228(1):34-6.
- Wessells H, Gralnek D, Dorr R, Hruby VJ, Hadley ME, Levine N. Effect of an alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone analog on penile erection and sexual desire in men with organic erectile dysfunction. Urology. 2000;56(4):641-6.
Adverse-effects data: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center
Dosing
There is no established, safe, or standardized dose for Melanotan, and no health authority recommends its use as a supplement. The products sold online do not have reliable dosing instructions, and the actual amount of peptide in a vial can vary widely.
Because of the safety concerns and lack of regulation, we do not provide dosing guidance for Melanotan. If you are considering it for any reason, please speak with a pharmacist or doctor about safer, approved alternatives first.
Melanotan & Pregnancy
Melanotan & Breastfeeding
© 2026 Therapeutic Research Center
Pregnancy & lactation ratings: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center
References & further reading
The 17 references that drive our Melanotan monograph and interaction data, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Citations with a link open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
- Dorr RT, Lines R, Levine N, et al. Evaluation of melanotan-II, a superpotent cyclic melanotropic peptide in a pilot phase-I clinical study. Life Sci 1996;58:1777-84. PubMed
- Wessells H, Fuciarelli K, Hansen J, et al. Synthetic melanotropic peptide initiates erections in men with psychogenic erectile dysfunction; double-blind, placebo controlled crossover study. J Urol 1998;160:389-93. DOI
- Wessells H, Gralnek DR, Dorr RT, et al. Erectogenic properties of melanotan II in men with organic erectile dysfunction. 1999. Abstract Info-American Urological Association, Inc. DOI
- Hjuler KF, Lorentzen HF. Melanoma associated with the use of melanotan-II. Dermatology. 2014;228(1):34-6. PubMed
- Schulze F, Erdmann H, Hardkop LH, et al. Eruptive naevi and darkening of pre-existing naevi 24 h after a single mono-dose injection of melanotan II. Eur J Dermatol. 2014;24(1):107-9. PubMed
- Reid C, Fitzgerald T, Fabre A, Kirby B. Atypical melanocytic naevi following melanotan injection. Ir Med J. 2013;106(5):148-9.
- Kaski D, Stafford N, Mehta A, Jenkins IH, Malhotra P. Melanotan and the posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 2013;158(9):707-8. PubMed
- Nelson ME, Bryant SM, Aks SE. Melanotan II injection resulting in systemic toxicity and rhabdomyolysis. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2012;50(10):1169-73. PubMed
- Ong S, Bowling J. Melanotan-associated melanoma in situ. Australas J Dermatol. 2012;53(4):301-2.
- Paurobally D, El Hayderi L, Richert B, Andre J, Nikkels AF. Melanotan-associated transverse melanonychia. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2013;27(1):128-9. PubMed
- Ferrándiz-Pulido C, Fernández-Figueras MT, Quer A, Ferrándiz C. An eruptive pigmented lesion after melanotan injection. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2011;36(7):801-2. PubMed
- Paurobally D, Jason F, Dezfoulian B, Nikkels AF. Melanotan-associated melanoma. Br J Dermatol. 2011;164(6):1403-5. PubMed
- Cousen P, Colver G, Helbling I. Eruptive melanocytic naevi following melanotan injection. Br J Dermatol. 2009;161(3):707-8. PubMed
- Langan EA, Ramlogan D, Jamieson LA, Rhodes LE. Change in moles linked to use of unlicensed "sun tan jab". BMJ. 2009;338:b277. PubMed
- Wessells H, Gralnek D, Dorr R, Hruby VJ, Hadley ME, Levine N. Effect of an alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone analog on penile erection and sexual desire in men with organic erectile dysfunction. Urology. 2000;56(4):641-6. PubMed
- Mallory CW, Lopategui DM, Cordon BH. Melanotan tanning injection: a rare cause of priapism. Sex Med. 2021 Feb;9(1):100298. PubMed
- Dreyer BA, Amer T, Fraser M. Melanotan-induced priapism: a hard-earned tan. BMJ Case Rep 2019;12(2):e227644. PubMed
This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC
Melanotan: Common Questions
What is Melanotan used for, and does it work?
Does Melanotan interact with prescription medications?
How are Melanotan interactions rated?
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Where does this Melanotan interaction information come from?
Is Melanotan a natural herb or supplement?
Is Melanotan safe to use for tanning?
Can Melanotan cause skin cancer?
Can I use Melanotan if I am pregnant or breastfeeding?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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