Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Nature's Answer

Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg label
See full label image
Liquid Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg is a dietary supplement by Nature's Answer with 1 active ingredient. Its ingredients are commonly taken for constipation, bowel cleansing before procedures, hemorrhoids.Based on those ingredients, 1,331 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Compound Fluid Extract Cascara Sagrada Bark. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg by Nature's Answer

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg by Nature's Answer — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg by Nature's Answer

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 9 active ingredients.
  • “Compound Fluid Extract Cascara Sagrada Bark” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (5,000 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

This product contains 9 ingredients, of which the active ones are cascara sagrada bark extract (the main stimulant laxative), licorice root extract, stevia leaf extract, coriander seed oil, star anise oil, wintergreen oil, and glycerin. These are mixed with water and organic alcohol (18–20%) as the liquid base.

The product also contains inactive ingredients to maintain the formulation.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Digestive support and bowel health.
  • We looked for evidence on: Bowel preparation, Constipation, Diarrhea, Dyspepsia, Flatulence, Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) — and 2 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Glycerol is rated "Likely Effective" for Constipation (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Cascara Sagrada is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Bowel preparation.
  • Also on file: Coriander is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Constipation, Diarrhea, Dyspepsia, Flatulence, and more.

The evidence for this product's ingredients is limited. Cascara sagrada for constipation has insufficient reliable evidence, meaning we don't have solid data on whether it works.

Licorice root extract is possibly effective for canker sores and eczema, but the other ingredients—stevia, coriander, star anise, and wintergreen—either lack established evidence for their intended uses or show insufficient data in the research we hold. Glycerin is likely effective for constipation, but it's generally a minor ingredient here.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Cascara Sagrada Glycerol Licorice Stevia Coriander Star Anise Wintergreen

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 7 of the 7 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 7 of 7.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 7 of 7.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Cascara sagrada can cause mild abdominal cramping short-term, but long-term use carries real risks: loss of potassium, protein in the urine, and blood in the urine. Licorice root is generally well tolerated in small amounts but can cause headache, nausea, and vomiting at higher doses; the data advises against it in pregnancy and notes insufficient safety information for breastfeeding.

Wintergreen oil is extremely toxic if swallowed and should never be ingested. Stevia and coriander are generally well tolerated in food amounts, though high-dose supplements lack solid safety data.

Star anise tea has been linked to neurological effects like seizures and jitteriness, though contamination may play a role. Glycerin can cause bloating, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea at larger doses.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Cascara Sagrada Glycerol Licorice Stevia Coriander Star Anise Wintergreen

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 5 of the 7 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Coriander, Stevia, Cascara Sagrada, Wintergreen, Licorice.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications; heart-rhythm medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 1,332 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, check with your pharmacist if you take warfarin or other blood thinners (Major risk with wintergreen oil), digoxin or other heart medications, corticosteroids, diuretics or water pills, lithium, cancer chemotherapy drugs, diabetes medications, blood pressure medications, sedatives, or seizure medications. No interactions are documented for star anise oil in our data, but several other ingredients here carry Moderate or Major risks.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This is a stimulant laxative product meant for short-term constipation relief, but it carries significant interaction risks and long-term safety concerns. If you take any heart medications, blood thinners, diuretics, corticosteroids, lithium, or diabetes drugs, you need to check with your pharmacist before using it.

Don't use it long-term, and never ingest the wintergreen oil component.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 7 of 9 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Apr 22, 2016.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg, straight from the product label.

Brand Nature's Answer
Barcode (UPC) 083000001871
Net contents 3 fl. Oz.; 90 mL
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Apr 22, 2016
DSLD ID 58671
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Kosher, Gluten Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg by Nature's Answer, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
5 tsp
Maximum serving Sizes:
5 tsp
Servings per container
18
UPC/BARCODE
083000001871
IngredientAmount% DV
Glycerin0 NP--
Water0 NP--
Licorice root extract0 NP--
Stevia leaf extract0 NP--
Coriander seed Oil0 NP--
Organic Alcohol 18-20%0 NP--
Compound Fluid Extract Cascara Sagrada Bark5000 mg--
Cascara Sagrada bark extract0 NP--
Star Anise oil0 NP--
Wintergreen Oil0 NP--

Other ingredients: None

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statement have not been evaluated by the FDA. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Seals/Symbols

Gluten Free

K Parve

Bio-Chelated Cold Extraction Process

Formula

K Parve

Low Alcohol

General

9217B Rev. 315 1030

General Statements

Since 1972

Aromatic Compound

Super Concentrated 5,000 mg

Brand IP Statement(s)

Advanced Botanical Fingerprint

Discover Nature's Answer

2015 Nature's Answer

Formulation

Gluten-Free

FDA Statement of Identity

Herbal Supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Use: As a dietary supplement, take one (1) teaspoon (5 mL) before bedtime. Shake well.

Precautions

Keep out of reach of children.

Warning: Do not use if pregnant or nursing.

Do not use if safety seal is damaged or missing

Caution: This product contains cascara sagrada (Rhamnus purshiana). Read and follow directions carefully. Do not use if you develop diarrhea, loose stools and/or abdominal pain, as cascara sagrada may worsen these conditions and be harmful to your health. Do not use if you have gallstones and/or kidney stones. Consult your healthcare practitioner if you have frequent diarrhea, or if you are taking a medication or have a medical condition.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg by Nature's Answer label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg by Nature's Answer

This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.

Serving size5 tsp Dosage formLiquid Servings per container18 Amounts shown are per serving.

Compound Fluid Extract Cascara Sagrada Bark

Interacts with
745 drugs
5000 mg per serving

Cascara sagrada is a stimulant laxative made from the aged bark of a Pacific Northwest tree, used mainly for short-term relief of constipation. Becaus...

Compound Fluid Extract Cascara Sagrada Bark monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: None. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg by Nature's Answer Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,331Drugs
2 Major 1,298 Moderate 31 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Compound Fluid Extract Cascara Sagrada Bark 745

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg interact with 1,331 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

1 of the 1 ingredient in Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Compound Fluid Extract Cascara Sagrada Bark

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Compound Fluid Extract Cascara Sagrada Bark6 drug types · 745 drugs

Corticosteroids

Theoretically, cascara sagrada might increase the risk of hypokalemia when taken with corticosteroids.
Cascara sagrada has stimulant laxative effects, and long-term use has been associated with hypokalemia.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Theoretically, cascara sagrada might cause hypokalemia, potentially increasing the risk of digoxin toxicity.
Cascara sagrada has stimulant laxative effects, and long-term use has been associated with hypokalemia.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Diuretic Drugs

Theoretically, cascara sagrada might increase the risk of hypokalemia when taken with diuretic drugs.
Cascara sagrada has stimulant laxative effects, and long-term use has been associated with hypokalemia.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Stimulant Laxatives

Theoretically, cascara sagrada might have additive adverse effects when taken with stimulant laxatives.
Cascara sagrada has stimulant laxative effects and might compound fluid and electrolyte losses when taken with stimulant laxatives.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, cascara sagrada might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with warfarin.
Cascara sagrada has stimulant laxative effects. In some people, cascara sagrada can cause diarrhea. Diarrhea can increase the effects of warfarin, increase international normalized ratio (INR), and increase the risk of bleeding.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, cascara sagrada might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that cascara sagrada can induce CYP3A4 enzymes, albeit to a much lower degree than rifampin, a known CYP3A4 inducer.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Compound Fluid Extract Cascara Sagrada Bark full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg, from the product label.

Nature's Answer

See all Nature's Answer products
Name
Nature's Answer
City
Hauppauge
State
NY
ZipCode
11788-3943
Phone Number
(800) 439-2324
Web Address
www.naturesanswer.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg by Nature's Answer: Common Questions

Does Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg by Nature's Answer interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg has a known interaction with 1,331 medications, including 2 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg contains a single active ingredient, and that one ingredient can interact with many different medications on its own. We check it against each medication and show the mechanism responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is this safe to take during pregnancy?
No. The data advises against cascara sagrada and licorice root in pregnancy. Wintergreen oil should also be avoided. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before using any part of this product while pregnant.
Can I take this while breastfeeding?
The safety data advises against cascara sagrada and wintergreen oil while nursing. Licorice root also lacks enough safety information for breastfeeding. Ask your pharmacist or doctor for a safer constipation option.
What's the wintergreen oil in here for?
Wintergreen oil is typically used topically for muscle and joint pain, but in this liquid supplement it's part of the overall formulation. The concerning part is that it contains methyl salicylate, which can be absorbed and interact dangerously with blood thinners.
Can I use this long-term for constipation?
No. Cascara sagrada is only appropriate for short-term use. Long-term use can lead to loss of potassium, protein in the urine, and blood in the urine. Talk to your doctor about safer options for chronic constipation.
Does this actually work for constipation?
Cascara sagrada has insufficient reliable evidence for constipation in our data, meaning we don't have solid proof it works. Glycerin in the product is likely effective, but the evidence overall is weak.
What side effects should I expect?
Short-term use may cause mild abdominal cramping. At higher doses, you might experience nausea, vomiting, bloating, or diarrhea. Serious effects like seizures have been reported with star anise tea, though contamination may be involved. Stop and call your pharmacist if you have unusual symptoms.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Cascara Sagrada

Interacts with 745 drugs

Cascara sagrada is a stimulant laxative made from the aged bark of a Pacific Northwest tree, used mainly for short-term relief of constipation. Because it can cause cramping, dehydration, an...

Read the full Cascara Sagrada monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Glycerol

Glycerol (glycerin) is a sweet, syrupy compound made naturally in the body and widely used in foods, skin products, and medicines. It is well established as a laxative and a skin and eye moi...

Read the full Glycerol monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Licorice

Interacts with 1,040 drugs

Licorice root is a traditional remedy used for sore throats, coughs, and digestive complaints, but solid human evidence is limited for most uses. Regular licorice contains glycyrrhizin, whic...

Read the full Licorice monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Stevia

Interacts with 259 drugs

Stevia is a plant-based, calorie-free sweetener that is widely used as a sugar alternative and is considered safe in normal food amounts by major regulators. Purified stevia extracts have a...

Read the full Stevia monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Coriander

Interacts with 717 drugs

Coriander (also called cilantro) is a common cooking herb and spice that has long been used in traditional medicine for digestive complaints. As a food it is generally safe for most people,...

Read the full Coriander monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Star Anise

Star anise (Illicium verum) is a star-shaped spice widely used in cooking and traditional medicine, mostly for digestive and respiratory complaints. Human evidence for health benefits is lim...

Read the full Star Anise monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Wintergreen

Interacts with 37 drugs

Wintergreen is a low-growing North American plant whose oil is rich in methyl salicylate, an aspirin-like compound used in topical pain rubs. While it may help ease minor muscle and joint pa...

Read the full Wintergreen monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Cascara Sagrada 5,000 mg's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 148 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Glycerol 8 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Wagner DR. Hyperhydrating with glycerol: implications for athletic performance. J Am Diet Assoc 1999;99:207-12. PubMed
  3. Yu YL, Kumana CR, Lauder IJ, et al. Treatment of acute cortical infarct with intravenous glycerol. A double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial. Stroke 1993;24:1119-24. PubMed
  4. Frei A, Cottier C, Wunderlich P, Ludin E. Glycerol and dextran combined in the therapy of acute stroke. A placebo-controlled, double-blind trial with a planned interim analysis. Stroke 1987;18:373-9. PubMed
  5. Balaskas E, Szepietowski JC, Bessis D, Ioannides D, Ponticelli C, Ghienne C, Taberly A, Dupuy P. Randomized, double-blind study with glycerol and paraffin in uremic xerosis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Apr;6(4):748-52. PubMed
  6. Blanchet-Bardon C, Tadini G, Machado Matos M, Delarue A. Association of glycerol and paraffin in the treatment of ichthyosis in children: an international, multicentric, randomized, controlled, double-blind study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2012 Aug;26 PubMed
  7. Kajita N, Kanamori K, Yamamoto S, Yoshida K. Generalized Urticaria Caused by a Glycerin Enema in an Infant. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2022;32(4):318-319. PubMed
  8. Suzuki R, Fukuyama K, Miyazaki Y, Namiki T. Contact urticaria syndrome and protein contact dermatitis caused by glycerin enema. JAAD Case Reports. 2016;2:108-10. PubMed

See these in context on the Glycerol monograph →

Licorice 92 references
  1. Farese RV Jr, Biglieri EG, Shackleton CH, et al. Licorice-induced hypermineralocorticoidism. N Engl J Med 1991;325:1223-7. PubMed
  2. Sigurjonsdottir HA, Ragnarsson J, Franzson L, Sigurdsson G. Is blood pressure commonly raised by moderate consumption of liquorice? J Hum Hypertens 1995;9:345-8.
  3. Armanini D, Lewicka S, Pratesi C, et al. Further studies on the mechanism of the mineralocorticoid action of licorice in humans. J Endocrinol Invest 1996;19:624-9. PubMed
  4. Zhang YD, Lorenzo B, Reidenberg MM. Inhibition of 11 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase obtained from guinea pig kidney by furosemide, naringenin and some other compounds. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1994;49:81-5.
  5. Strandberg TE, Jarvenpaa AL, Vanhanen H, McKeigue PM. Birth outcome in relation to licorice consumption during pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol 2001;153:1085-8. PubMed
  6. Sigurjonsdottir HA, Franzson L, Manhem K, et al. Liquorice-induced rise in blood pressure: a linear dose-response relationship. J Hum Hypertens 2001;15:549-52. PubMed
  7. Amato P, Christophe S, Mellon PL. Estrogenic activity of herbs commonly used as remedies for menopausal symptoms. Menopause 2002;9:145-50. PubMed
  8. Kent UM, Aviram M, Rosenblat M, Hollenberg PF. The licorice root derived isoflavan glabridin inhibits the activities of human cytochrome P450S 3A4, 2B6, and 2C9. Drug Metab Dispos 2002;30:709-15.. PubMed
  9. Yoshida S, Takayama Y. Licorice-induced hypokalemia as a treatable cause of dropped head syndrome. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2003;105:286-7.. PubMed
  10. Strandberg TE, Andersson S, Jarvenpaa AL, et al. Preterm birth and licorice consumption during pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol 2002;156:803-5.. PubMed
  11. Hussain RM. The sweet cake that reaches parts other cakes can't! Postgrad Med J 2003;79:115-6.. PubMed
  12. Morris DJ, Davis E, Latif SA. Licorice, tobacco chewing, and hypertension. N Engl J Med 1990;322:849-50. PubMed
  13. Quinkler M, Stewart PM. Hypertension and the cortisol-cortisone shuttle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003;88:2384-92. PubMed
  14. Westman EC, Guthrie GP. Licorice, tobacco chewing, and hypertension. N Engl J Med 1990;322:850. PubMed
  15. Mu Y, Zhang J, Zhang S, et al. Traditional Chinese medicines Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra chinensis Baill) and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch) activate pregnane X receptor and increase warfarin clearance in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2006;316:1369-77. PubMed
  16. Yasue H, Itoh T, Mizuno Y, Harada E. Severe hypokalemia, rhabdomyolysis, muscle paralysis, and respiratory impairment in a hypertensive patient taking herbal medicines containing licorice. Intern Med 2007;46:575-8. PubMed
  17. Brayley J, Jones J. Life-threatening hypokalemia associated with excessive licorice ingestion (letter). Am J Psychiatry 1994;151:617-8. PubMed
  18. de Klerk GJ, Nieuwenhuis G, Beutler JJ. Hypokalaemia and hypertension associated with use of liquorice flavoured chewing gum. BMJ 1997;314:731-2.
  19. Dellow EL, Unwin RJ, Honour JW. Pontefract cakes can be bad for you: refractory hypertension and liquorice excess. Nephol Dial Transplant 1999;14:218-20. PubMed
  20. Elinav E, Chajek-Shaul T. Licorice consumption causing severe hypokalemic paralysis. Mayo Clin Proc 2003;78:767-8. PubMed
  21. Eriksson JW, Carlberg B, Hillom V. Life-threatening ventricular tachycardia due to liquorice-induced hypokalemia. J Intern Med 1999;245:307-10.
  22. Janse A, van Iersel M, Hoefnagels WH, Olde Rikker MG. The old lady who liked liquorice: hypertension due to chronic intoxication in a memory-impaired patient. Neth J Med 2005;63:149-50.
  23. Lin SH, Yang SS, Chau T, Halperin ML. An unusual cause of hypokalemic paralysis: chronic licorice ingestion. Am J Med Sci 2003;325:153-6. PubMed
  24. van den Bosch AE, van der Klooster JM, Zuidgeest DM, et al. Severe hypokalemic paralysis and rhabdomyolysis due to ingestion of liquorice. Neth J Med 2005;63:146-8.
  25. van Uum SH. Liquorice and hypertension. Neth J Med 2005;63:119-20.
  26. Russo S, Mastropasqua M, Mosetti MA, et al. Low doses of liquorice can induce hypertension encephalopathy. Am J Nephrol 2000;20:145-8. PubMed
  27. Stormer FC, Reistad R, Alexander J. Glycyrrhizic acid in liquorice - evaluation of health hazard. Food Chem Toxicol 1993;31:303-12. PubMed
  28. Sontia B, Mooney J, Gaudet L, Touyz RM. Pseudohyperaldosteronism, liquorice, and hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2008;10:153-7. PubMed
  29. Francini-Pesenti F, Puato M, Piccoli A, Brocadello F. Liquorice-induced hypokalaemia and water retention in the absence of hypertension. Phytother Res 2008;22:563-5. PubMed
  30. Lapi F, Gallo E, Bernasconi S, et al. Myopathies associated with red yeast rice and liquorice: spontaneous reports from the Italian Surveillance System of Natural Health Products. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008;66:572-4. PubMed
  31. Chen MF, Shimada F, Kato H, Yano S, Kanaoka M. Effect of glycyrrhizin on the pharmacokinetics of prednisolone following low dosage of prednisolone hemisuccinate. Endocrinol Jpn 1990;37:331-41. PubMed
  32. Teelucksingh S, Mackie AD, Burt D, McIntyre MA, Brett L, Edwards CR. Potentiation of hydrocortisone activity in skin by glycyrrhetinic acid. Lancet 1990;335(8697):1060-3. PubMed
  33. Heidemann HT, Kreuzfelder E. Hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria due to licorice ingestion and diuretic treatment. Klin Wochenschr 1983;61:303-5. PubMed
  34. Hukkanen J, Ukkola O, Savolainen MJ. Effects of low-dose liquorice alone or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide on the plasma potassium in healthy volunteers. Blood Press 2009;18:192-5. PubMed
  35. Bisogni V, Rossi GP, Calò LA. Apparent mineralcorticoid excess syndrome, an often forgotten or unrecognized cause of hypokalemia and hypertension: case report and appraisal of the pathophysiology. Blood Press. 2014 Jun;23(3):189-92. PubMed
  36. Dehours E, Vallé B, Rougé-Bugat ME, Florent B, Bounes V, Franchitto N. Suspected hypokalaemia following liquorice ingestion on board ship. J Telemed Telecare. 2013 Jun;19(4):227-8. PubMed
  37. Kormann R, Languille E, Amiot HM, Hertig A. Dying for a cup of tea. BMJ Case Rep. 2012 Oct 19;2012. PubMed
  38. Panduranga P, Al-Rawahi N. Licorice-induced severe hypokalemia with recurrent torsade de pointes. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2013 Nov;18(6):593-6. PubMed
  39. Räikkönen K, Seckl JR, Heinonen K, Pyhälä R, Feldt K, Jones A, Pesonen AK, Phillips DI, Lahti J, Järvenpää AL, Eriksson JG, Matthews KA, Strandberg TE, Kajantie E. Maternal prenatal licorice consumption alters hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis fu
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Cascara Sagrada 9 references
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Star Anise 10 references
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Wintergreen 7 references
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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