Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Based on 5 of 6 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Morphobrain Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by MN Morphogen Nutrition

Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Morphobrain is a dietary supplement by MN Morphogen Nutrition with 6 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for mental focus and alertness, coping with stress, fatigue and sleep loss.Based on those ingredients, 1,213 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Bacopa monnieri, Lion's Mane, Mucuna Pruriens. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Morphobrain by MN Morphogen Nutrition

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 6 of its 6 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

Morphobrain contains six active ingredients designed to support brain function. L-Tyrosine is an amino acid precursor to neurotransmitters and thyroid hormones.

Cognizin (citicoline) is a compound that may support brain cell energy and communication. Mucuna Pruriens is a legume containing levodopa, a dopamine precursor.

Bacopa monnieri is an herbal extract traditionally used for cognition. Lion's Mane is a mushroom extract.

The product also contains inactive ingredients — gelatin, titanium dioxide, and FD&C Red #3 — which serve as the capsule and colorant.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: mental performance and cognitive function.
  • We looked for evidence on: Age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer disease, Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Cognitive function, Cognitive impairment, Dementia — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Tyrosine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Cognitive function (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Tyrosine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Memory.
  • Also on file: Citicoline is rated "Possibly Effective" for Age-related cognitive decline.

The evidence for most ingredients in Morphobrain is limited. L-Tyrosine is effective for phenylketonuria (PKU) and possibly effective for cognitive function and memory, but is possibly ineffective for athletic performance.

Cognizin (citicoline) is possibly effective for age-related cognitive decline and glaucoma, but possibly ineffective for stroke. Mucuna Pruriens, Bacopa monnieri, and Lion's Mane all lack sufficient reliable evidence to rate their effectiveness for the conditions listed in our data — including cognitive function, Alzheimer disease, and cognitive impairment.

Whether this product works for brain health depends heavily on your individual needs and the specific effect you're hoping for; talk with your doctor or pharmacist about realistic expectations.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Tyrosine Citicoline Cowhage Bacopa Lion's Mane Mushroom

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

L-Tyrosine is generally well tolerated in healthy adults; common side effects at higher doses include fatigue, headache, heartburn, and nausea. Cognizin (citicoline) is generally well tolerated in studies, though long-term safety isn't fully established; reported side effects include headache, insomnia, nausea, and abdominal pain.

Mucuna Pruriens contains an active compound (levodopa) and should be used with professional guidance; oral side effects include diarrhea, flatulence, and mucosal irritation. Bacopa monnieri is generally well tolerated but has limited long-term data; reported effects include abdominal cramping, diarrhea, dry mouth, headache, nausea, and drowsiness.

Lion's Mane is generally well tolerated as a food, though long-term supplement safety is not well studied; it may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea, or skin rash. Regarding pregnancy and breastfeeding: L-Tyrosine lacks enough safety data — discuss with your doctor or pharmacist before use.

Cognizin, Bacopa, and Lion's Mane all have insufficient data and are best avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Mucuna Pruriens is best avoided during pregnancy due to dopamine effects, and during breastfeeding because levodopa may reduce milk supply.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Tyrosine Citicoline Cowhage Bacopa Lion's Mane Mushroom

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Bacopa, Cowhage, Tyrosine, Lion's Mane Mushroom.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications; Parkinson's medications.
  • For scale: 1,214 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking Morphobrain if you use any non-selective MAOI antidepressants (Major risk of dangerously high blood pressure), methyldopa or guanethidine for blood pressure (Major), or direct levodopa for Parkinson disease (Major). Also discuss if you take blood thinners (anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs), diabetes medications, antipsychotics, tricyclic antidepressants, anesthesia, anticholinergic or cholinergic drugs, cevimeline, thyroid hormones, immunosuppressants, or any drug metabolized by your liver (CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, or CYP3A4 enzymes).

No interactions are documented for Zynamite, as we hold no data for that ingredient.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Morphobrain may be worth considering if you're interested in supporting cognition with multiple ingredients, though evidence is limited for most of them. If you take any blood pressure medication, diabetes drug, antidepressant, or antipsychotic — or if you're on an MAOI — you need to clear this product with your doctor or pharmacist first because of serious potential interactions.

Pregnant or breastfeeding women should discuss this supplement with their healthcare provider before starting.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 6 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jun 22, 2023.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Morphobrain, straight from the product label.

Brand MN Morphogen Nutrition
Barcode (UPC) 653341462947
Net contents 120 Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jun 22, 2023
DSLD ID 292299
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Morphobrain by MN Morphogen Nutrition, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
3 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
6 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
20
UPC/BARCODE
653341462947
IngredientAmount% DV
L-Tyrosine1000 mg--
Cognizin500 mg--
Mucuna Pruriens750 mg--
Bacopa monnieri300 mg--
Lion's Mane1000 mg--
Zynamite500 mg--

Other ingredients: Gelatin, Titanium Dioxide, FD&C Red #3

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Brand IP Statement(s)

Cognizin is a registered trademark of KYOWA HAKKO BIO., LTD. Zynamite is a registered trademark owned by Nektium Pharma, S.L.

Precautions

Warnings: Not intended for use by persons under 18.

If you are pregnant or nursing or are taking any prescription medications, consult your health care professional before using this or any other dietary supplement product.

Contact your health care professional before using this or any other dietary supplement product. Immediately discontinue use and consult your doctor if any adverse reactions occur.

Keep out of reach of children.

Allergen information: this product is manufactured in a facility that processes other products which may contain soy, dairy, wheat, tree nuts, shellfish, fish, peanuts, and eggs

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place and avoid excessive heat.

Formula

Mental performance nootropic complex With: Cognizin Zynamite

Formulation

Cognition Memory Alertness Mood

High potency formula Pure ingredients

Maximum performance May assist with: Cognition, memory and mental focus Mood and mental well-being Motivation and task completion Alertness, wakefulness, reducing daytime sleepiness Anxiety and cognitive decline Neuroprotection Physical performance and fatigue

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

General Statements

Morphogen Nutrition specializes in no BS, scientifically validated, effectively dosed and affordable sports nutrition supplements Knowledge Honesty Integrity No BS

Join the takeover

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Seals/Symbols

Manufactured in the USA for Morphogen Nutrition GMP Good Manufacturing Facility Quality Product FDA registered Lab Tested 3rd Party Certified for Purity & Potency

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Recommended use: As a dietary supplement, take 3 capsules with your first meal of the day to assess tolerance. Once tolerance is assessed, up to 6 capsules may be taken. Exceeding recommended daily dose is not advised.

See for yourself

Morphobrain by MN Morphogen Nutrition label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in Morphobrain by MN Morphogen Nutrition

These are the 6 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size3 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container20 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

L-Tyrosine

Interacts with
21 drugs
1000 mg per serving

L-tyrosine is an amino acid your body uses to make brain chemicals like dopamine and norepinephrine. Some studies suggest it may help mental performan...

L-Tyrosine monograph & interactions

Cognizin

No known
interactions
500 mg per serving Form: Citicoline

Citicoline is a naturally occurring compound involved in making brain cell membranes and the messenger chemical acetylcholine. It is popularly taken f...

Cognizin monograph & interactions

Mucuna Pruriens

Interacts with
193 drugs
750 mg per serving Form: L-Dopa

Cowhage (Mucuna pruriens) is a tropical legume best known as a natural source of L-dopa, the compound the body turns into dopamine. It is most studied...

Mucuna Pruriens monograph & interactions

Bacopa monnieri

Interacts with
930 drugs
300 mg per serving Form: Bacosides

Bacopa is an Ayurvedic herb most often used for memory and thinking. Some small studies suggest it may modestly help memory when taken regularly for s...

Bacopa monnieri monograph & interactions

Lion's Mane

Interacts with
327 drugs
1000 mg per serving Form: Hericium erinaceus, Beta Glucans

Lion's mane is an edible mushroom that is popular as a 'nootropic' for memory, focus, and nerve health, but solid human evidence is still limited and...

Lion's Mane monograph & interactions

Zynamite

500 mg per serving Form: Mangifera indica Extract

Other (inactive) ingredients: Gelatin, Titanium Dioxide, FD&C Red #3. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Morphobrain by MN Morphogen Nutrition Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Morphobrain?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

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1,213Drugs
17 Major 1,196 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Morphobrain with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Bacopa monnieri8 drug types · 930 drugs

Anticholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, concurrent use might decrease the effectiveness of both agents.
Bacopa seems to inhibit acetylcholinesterase and might increase acetylcholine levels, which could counteract the effects of anticholinergic drugs. Similarly, anticholinergic drugs might counteract the cholinergic effects of bacopa.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cevimeline (Evoxac)

Theoretically, bacopa might increase the effects and adverse effects of cevimeline.
In one case, a 58-year-old female taking cevimeline long-term for Sjogren syndrome experienced hyperhidrosis, malaise, nausea, and tachycardia shortly after taking a single dose of bacopa. Symptoms resolved after two days. Cevimeline is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 and CYP3A4, and researchers theorize that bacopa may have inhibited these isoenzymes. However, it is unclear if bacopa causes clinically significant inhibition of either CYP2D6 or CYP3A4.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, concurrent use of bacopa with other cholinergic drugs might have additive effects.
Bacopa seems to inhibit acetylcholinesterase and might increase acetylcholine levels. Theoretically, this could result in additive cholinergic effects when used with cholinergic drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, bacopa might increase the levels and adverse effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Research on the effects of bacopa extracts on CYP1A2 enzymes is conflicting. Some in vitro evidence shows that bacopa extract can moderately and non-competitively inhibit CYP1A2, while other in vitro evidence suggests that any effect is unlikely to be clinically significant.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates

Theoretically, bacopa might increase the levels and adverse effects of CYP2C19 substrates.
In vitro evidence suggests that bacopa extract can moderately and non-competitively inhibit CYP2C19 enzymes. It is not known whether this is clinically significant.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, bacopa might increase the levels and adverse effects of CYP2C9 substrates.
Research on the effect of bacopa extracts on CYP2C9 enzymes is conflicting. Some in vitro evidence suggests that bacopa extract can moderately and non-competitively inhibit CYP2C9, while other in vitro evidence suggests that any effect is unlikely to be clinically significant.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, bacopa might increase the levels and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Research on the effects of bacopa extracts on CYP3A4 enzymes is conflicting. Some in vitro evidence suggests that bacopa extract can moderately and competitively inhibit CYP3A4, while other in vitro evidence suggests that any effect is unlikely to be clinically significant.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, bacopa might have additive effects when used with thyroid hormone.
Animal research suggests that bacopa increases thyroxine (T4) levels in mice by about 40%.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Lion's Mane3 drug types · 327 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, lion's mane mushroom may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro research suggests that lion's mane mushroom extracts can inhibit platelet aggregation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, lion's mane mushroom may have additive effects when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Animal research suggests that an aqueous extract of lion's mane mushroom can reduce serum glucose and increase serum insulin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, concurrent use of lion's mane mushroom might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
In animal and in vitro research, lion's mane mushroom polysaccharides stimulate the immune system.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Mucuna Pruriens8 drug types · 193 drugs

Levodopa

Concomitant use can increase the risk of levodopa-related adverse effects.
Cowhage contains levodopa. Some cowhage products have been standardized to contain 75-400 mg of levodopa per dose.

Likelihood Likely Evidence D
Methyldopa (Aldomet)

Theoretically, concomitant use of cowhage and methyldopa might increase the risk of hypotension.
Cowhage contains levodopa. Use of levodopa with methyldopa might cause additive hypotension. In addition, methyldopa may inhibit peripheral decarboxylation of levodopa and increase levodopa levels in the central nervous system; avoid using.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (Maois)

Theoretically, concomitant use of cowhage and non-selective MAOIs might increase the risk of hypertensive crisis.
Cowhage contains levodopa. Use of levodopa with non-selective MAOIs might cause hypertensive crisis. However, this interaction has not been reported with MAO-B selective inhibitors such as selegiline.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Anesthesia

Theoretically, concomitant use of cowhage and anesthesia might increase the risk of arrhythmias.
Cowhage contains levodopa. Use of levodopa with cyclopropane or halogenated hydrocarbon anesthesia has led to arrhythmias. Other anesthetics have not been implicated. Use other anesthetics in patients taking cowhage or tell patients to stop taking cowhage at least 2 weeks before surgery.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of cowhage and antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Animal research shows that cowhage might have hypoglycemic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antipsychotic Drugs

Theoretically, use of cowhage might decrease the clinical effects of antipsychotic drugs.
Cowhage contains levodopa. Use of levodopa might counteract the antidopaminergic effects of antipsychotic medications.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Guanethidine (Ismelin)

Theoretically, concomitant use of cowhage and guanethidine might increase the risk of hypotension.
Cowhage contains levodopa. Use of levodopa with guanethidine might cause additive hypotension; avoid using.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Tricyclic Antidepressants (Tcas)

Theoretically, use of TCAs might reduce the levels and clinical effects of cowhage.
Cowhage contains levodopa. Use of TCAs might reduce the absorption of levodopa. Some case reports describe patients that developed hypertension and dyskinesia when taking both levodopa and TCAs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

L-Tyrosine2 drug types · 21 drugs

Levodopa

Theoretically, tyrosine might decrease the effectiveness of levodopa.
Tyrosine and levodopa compete for absorption in the proximal duodenum by the large neutral amino acid (LNAA) transport system. Advise patients to separate doses of tyrosine and levodopa by at least 2 hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, tyrosine might have additive effects with thyroid hormone medications.
Tyrosine is a precursor to thyroxine and might increase levels of thyroid hormones.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Morphobrain, from the product label.

MN Morphogen Nutrition

See all MN Morphogen Nutrition products
Name
Morphogen Nutrition
Web Address
www.mntakeover.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Morphobrain by MN Morphogen Nutrition: Common Questions

Does Morphobrain by MN Morphogen Nutrition interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Morphobrain has a known interaction with 1,213 medications, including 17 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Morphobrain contains 6 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
What is Mucuna Pruriens and why is it in this product?
Mucuna Pruriens is a legume that contains levodopa, a dopamine precursor — a compound the brain uses to make the neurotransmitter dopamine. It's included for potential cognitive support, though the evidence to rate its effectiveness isn't reliable yet.
Are there side effects I should watch for?
Yes. L-Tyrosine, Cognizin, Bacopa, and Lion's Mane can each cause gastrointestinal side effects like nausea, diarrhea, or abdominal discomfort. L-Tyrosine and Cognizin may also cause headache. Bacopa may cause drowsiness. If side effects bother you, talk to your pharmacist about whether lowering the dose or timing might help.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
The ingredients lack enough safety data for pregnancy and breastfeeding. Mucuna Pruriens is best avoided while breastfeeding because levodopa may reduce milk supply. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice before taking this product during pregnancy or while nursing.
What does L-Tyrosine do?
L-Tyrosine is an amino acid your body uses to make neurotransmitters and thyroid hormones. It's effective for a genetic condition called PKU and possibly effective for memory and cognitive function, but the evidence for other uses is weak.
Can Bacopa interact with my liver medications?
Yes. Bacopa may interact with drugs your liver breaks down through CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, and CYP3A4 enzymes — that includes many common medications. Use the medication checker on this page with your exact drug names, or ask your pharmacist to confirm it's safe.
What is Cognizin and is it effective?
Cognizin is the brand name for citicoline, a compound that supports brain cell energy. It's possibly effective for age-related cognitive decline and glaucoma, but the evidence for Alzheimer disease and traumatic brain injury isn't reliable yet.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Morphobrain label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Morphobrain’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Morphobrain's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 45 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Tyrosine 4 references
  1. Meyer JS, Welch KM, Deshmukh VD, et al. Neurotransmitter precursor amino acids in the treatment of multi-infarct dementia and Alzheimer's disease. J Amer Geriat Soc 1977;25:289-98.
  2. DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, et al; eds. Pharmacotherapy: A pathophysiologic approach. 4th ed. Stamford, CT: Appleton & Lange, 1999.
  3. Wood DR, Reimherr FW, Wender PH. Amino acid precursors for the treatment of attention deficit disorder, residual type. Psychopharmacol Bull 1985;21:146-9.
  4. van Spronsen FJ, van Rijn M, Bekhof J. Phenylketonuria: tyrosine supplementation in phenylalanine-restricted diets. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;73:153-7. PubMed

See these in context on the Tyrosine monograph →

Citicoline 11 references
  1. Spiers PA, Myers D, Hochanadel GS, et al. Citicoline improves verbal memory in aging. Arch Neurol 1996;53:441-8. PubMed
  2. Fioravanti M, Yanagi M. Cytidinediphosphocholine (CDP-choline) for cognitive and behavioural disturbances associated with chronic cerebral disorders in the elderly. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;(2):CD000269. PubMed
  3. Conant R, Schauss AG. Therapeutic applications of citicoline for stroke and cognitive function in the elderly: A review of the literature. Altern Med Rev 2004;9:17-31.
  4. Warach, S., Pettigrew, L. C., Dashe, J. F., Pullicino, P., Lefkowitz, D. M., Sabounjian, L., Harnett, K., Schwiderski, U., and Gammans, R. Effect of citicoline on ischemic lesions as measured by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Citicoline 0 DOI
  5. Lukas, S. E., Kouri, E. M., Rhee, C., Madrid, A., and Renshaw, P. F. Effects of short-term citicoline treatment on acute cocaine intoxication and cardiovascular effects. Psychopharmacology.(Berl.) 2001;157(2):163-167. PubMed
  6. Dinsdale, J. R., Griffiths, G. K., Castello, J., Maddock, J., Ortiz, J. A., and Aylward, M. CDP-choline: repeated oral dose tolerance studies in adult healthy volunteers. Arzneimittelforschung. 1983;33(7A):1061-1065.
  7. Clark BC, Georgekutty J, Berul CI. Myocardial ischemia secondary to synthetic cannabinoid (K2) use in pediatric patients. J Pediatr 2015;167(3):757-61.e1. PubMed
  8. Ghajar A, Gholamian F, Tabatabei-Motlagh M, et al. Citicoline (CDP-choline) add-on therapy to risperidone for treatment of negative symptoms in patients with stable schizophrenia: a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2
  9. Castagna A, Manzo C, Fabbo A, Lacava R, Ruberto C, Ruotolo G. The CITIMERIVA Study: CITIcoline plus MEmantina plus RIVAstigmine in Older Patients Affected with Alzheimer's Disease. Clin Drug Investig. 2021 Feb;41(2):177-182. PubMed
  10. Jeong H, Yoon S, Sung YH, et al. Effects of cytidine-5'-diphosphate choline on gray matter volumes in methamphetamine-dependent patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Psychiatr Res 2021;143:215-221. PubMed
  11. Nakazaki E, Mah E, Sanoshy K, Citrolo D, Watanabe F. Citicoline and Memory Function in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. J Nutr 2021;151(8):2153-2160. PubMed

See these in context on the Citicoline monograph →

Cowhage 12 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
  3. Anon. Epidemiological notes and reports: Mucuna pruriens-associated pruritus--New Jersey. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1985;34:732-3.
  4. HP-200 in Parkinson's Disease study group. An alternative medicine treatment for Parkinson's disease: Results of a multicenter clinical trial. J Alt Comp Med 1995;1:249-55. DOI
  5. Infante ME, Perez AM, Simao MR, et al. Outbreak of acute toxic psychosis attributed to Mucuna pruriens. Lancet 1990;336:1129. PubMed
  6. Vaidya AB, Rajagopalan TG, Mankodi NA, et al. Treatment of Parkinson's disease with the cowhage plant-Mucuna pruriens Bak. Neurol India 1978;26:171-6.
  7. Vadivel V, Janardhanan K. Nutritional and anti-nutritional composition of velvet bean: an under-utilized food legume in south India. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2000;51:279-87. PubMed
  8. Akhtar MS, Qureshi AQ, Iqbal J. Antidiabetic evaluation of Mucuna pruriens, Linn seeds. J Pak Med Assoc 1990;40:147-50.
  9. Prakash, D., Niranjan, A., and Tewari, S. K. Some nutritional properties of the seeds of three Mucuna species. Int.J.Food Sci.Nutr. 2001;52(1):79-82.
  10. Vadivel, V. and Janardhanan, K. Nutritional and antinutritional characteristics of seven South Indian wild legumes. Plant Foods Hum.Nutr 2005;60(2):69-75. PubMed
  11. Creapure (Creatine Monohydrate). Toxicological Datasheet. Degussa BioActives. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/ohrms/DOCKETS/.../95s-0316-rpt0154-54-Ref-50-vol112.pdf.
  12. Pulikkalpura H, Kurup R, Mathew PJ, Baby S. Levodopa in Mucuna pruriens and its degradation. Sci Rep 2015;5:11078. PubMed

See these in context on the Cowhage monograph →

Bacopa 12 references
  1. Stough C, Lloyd J, Clarke J, et al. The chronic effects of an extract of Bacopa monniera (Brahmi) on cognitive function in healthy human subjects. Psychopharmacology 2001;156:481-4..
  2. Yadav SK, Jain AK, Tripathi SN, Gupta JP. Irritable bowel syndrome: therapeutic evaluation of indigenous drugs. Indian J Med Res 1989;90:496-503..
  3. Morgan A, Stevens J. Does Bacopa monnieri improve memory performance in older persons? Results of a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. J Altern Complement Med 2010;16:753-9.
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See these in context on the Bacopa monograph →

Lion's Mane Mushroom 6 references
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See these in context on the Lion's Mane Mushroom monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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