Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 5 of 10 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Douglas Laboratories

Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion is a dietary supplement by Douglas Laboratories with 10 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for sore throat and cough, heartburn and acid reflux, digestive upset and ibs.Based on those ingredients, 2,080 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Slippery Elm, Lactobacillus acidophilus (La-14), Bifidobacterium longum (Bl-05). Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion by Douglas Laboratories

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion by Douglas Laboratories — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion by Douglas Laboratories

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Aug 27, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 10 active ingredients.
  • “Digestive and Prebiotic Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (210 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “Multi-Strain Probiotic Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label doesn't break down how much of each component you get.

This probiotic contains 10 active ingredients: five Lactobacillus strains (acidophilus, rhamnosus, gasseri, and two others), three Bifidobacterium strains (lactis, longum, and bifidum/lactis), plus Streptococcus thermophilus and FOS (a prebiotic fiber that feeds beneficial bacteria). The inactive ingredients are microcrystalline cellulose and the capsule shell.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: digestive health and gut balance.
  • We looked for evidence on: Antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Bacterial vaginosis, Celiac disease, Clostridioides difficile infection, Constipation, Diarrhea — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Lactobacillus Acidophilus is rated "Possibly Effective" for Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Lactobacillus Acidophilus is rated "Possibly Effective" for Bacterial vaginosis, Helicobacter pylori, Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
  • Also on file: Lactobacillus Acidophilus is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Constipation, Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Radiation-induced diarrhea.

The evidence is mixed and often limited. Lactobacillus acidophilus is possibly effective for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), Helicobacter pylori infection, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and bacterial vaginosis.

For most of the other strains and most claimed uses—hay fever, asthma, anxiety, cognitive decline, constipation—the data we hold shows insufficient evidence to rate them. Streptococcus thermophilus has insufficient evidence for all six conditions listed, from antibiotic-associated diarrhea to diabetes support.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Slippery Elm Lactobacillus Acidophilus Bifidobacterium Longum Streptococcus Thermophilus Lactobacillus Gasseri

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Probiotics are generally well tolerated in healthy adults and children. Rare gastrointestinal side effects include bloating, gas, abdominal discomfort, and diarrhea—usually mild and temporary.

Slippery elm is generally well tolerated for short-term use, though high-quality safety data are limited. Topical contact dermatitis and allergic reactions to slippery elm pollen have been reported, and urticaria (hives) may occur after exposure.

There is a theoretical concern that live bacterial strains might cause serious infection (bacteremia or sepsis) in patients who are severely ill, immune-compromised, or have central venous catheters; this is rare in healthy people with intact immune systems. Lactobacillus acidophilus is rated possibly safe in pregnancy.

Bifidobacterium longum and Streptococcus thermophilus are both rated possibly safe in pregnancy and lactation. Slippery elm has not been rated for safety during pregnancy or breastfeeding—there isn't enough reliable data, so talk with your doctor or pharmacist before taking it if you are pregnant or nursing.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Slippery Elm Lactobacillus Acidophilus Bifidobacterium Longum Streptococcus Thermophilus Lactobacillus Gasseri

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Lactobacillus Acidophilus, Slippery Elm, Bifidobacterium Longum, Lactobacillus Gasseri.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • For scale: 2,081 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Antibiotic drugs are the main concern—three probiotic strains here can lose potency if you take them at the same time, so separate doses by a few hours. Additionally, oral drugs in general may not be absorbed as well if you take them together with this product because of the slippery elm.

Run your medications through the search tool on this page, and talk with your pharmacist or doctor about spacing if you take either antibiotics or other oral medications regularly.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This probiotic may help with irritable bowel syndrome and antibiotic-associated diarrhea if Lactobacillus acidophilus is your goal, though evidence for other uses is limited or absent. The main watch is antibiotic timing: space your antibiotics and this product several hours apart so the drugs don't kill the live cultures.

If you're seriously ill, immune-compromised, or have a central line, check with your doctor before starting any probiotic. Review your exact medications with your pharmacist or doctor before adding this to your routine.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 10 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Oct 23, 2020.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion, straight from the product label.

Brand Douglas Laboratories
Barcode (UPC) 310539978818
Net contents 60 Vegetarian Acid-Resistant Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Oct 23, 2020
DSLD ID 237993
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Women (not pregnant or lactating), Gluten Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion by Douglas Laboratories, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Vegetarian Acid-Resistant Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Vegetarian Acid-Resistant Capsule(s)
Servings per container
60
UPC/BARCODE
310539978818
IngredientAmount% DV
FOS0 NP--
Slippery Elm0 NP--
Lactococcus lactis (Ll-23)0 NP--
Digestive and Prebiotic Blend210 mg--
Lactobacillus acidophilus (La-14)0 NP--
Lactobacillus rhamnosus (Lr-32)0 NP--
Bifidobacterium lactis (HN019)0 NP--
Bifidobacterium longum (Bl-05)0 NP--
Bifidobacterium bifidum/lactis (Bb-02)0 NP--
Streptococcus thermophilus (St-21)0 NP--
Multi-Strain Probiotic Blend0 NP--
Lactobacillus gasserri (Lg-36)0 NP--

Other ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Capsule

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Usage: As a dietary supplement, adults take 1 capsule 1-2 times daily or as directed by your health professional.

Precautions

Warning: Not to be taken by pregnant or lactating women. If you have any health condition or are taking any medication, consult your health professional before use.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Use only if safety seal is intact.

Formulation

Caution: If you are immunocompromised, consult your health professional before using probiotic-containing products.

Gluten-free, non-GMO

Gastrointestinal and immune health

Brand IP Statement(s)

Multi-Probiotic is a registered mark of Nutri-Health Supplements, LLC, used with permission.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

General Statements

Scan to learn about our manufacturing excellence Contents may not fill package in order to accommodate required labeling. Please rely on stated quantity.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion by Douglas Laboratories label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion by Douglas Laboratories

These are the 10 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Vegetarian Acid-Resistant Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container60 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Digestive and Prebiotic Blend

210 mg per serving

Multi-Strain Probiotic Blend

0 NP per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Capsule. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion by Douglas Laboratories Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
2,080Drugs
2,080 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Slippery Elm 2,022
Lactobacillus acidophilus (La-14) 182
Bifidobacterium longum (Bl-05) 182
Lactobacillus gasserri (Lg-36) 182

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion interact with 2,080 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 10 ingredients in Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Slippery Elm Lactobacillus acidophilus (La-14) Bifidobacterium longum (Bl-05) Lactobacillus gasserri (Lg-36)

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Slippery Elm1 drug type · 2,022 drugs

Oral Drugs

Theoretically, slippery elm may slow the absorption and reduce serum levels of oral drugs.
Slippery elm inner bark contains mucilage, which may interfere with the absorption of orally administered drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Slippery Elm full monograph & interactions

Lactobacillus acidophilus (La-14)1 drug type · 182 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L. acidophilus.
L. acidophilus preparations usually contain live and active organisms. Therefore, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and L. acidophilus preparations by at least two hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Lactobacillus acidophilus (La-14) full monograph & interactions

Bifidobacterium longum (Bl-05)1 drug type · 182 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking Bifidobacterium longum with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of B. longum.
Since B. longum preparations usually contain live and active organisms, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and B. longum preparations by at least 2 hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Bifidobacterium longum (Bl-05) full monograph & interactions

Lactobacillus gasserri (Lg-36)1 drug type · 182 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus gasseri with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L. gasseri.
Lactobacillus gasseri preparations usually contain live and active organisms. Therefore, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and L. gasseri preparations by at least two hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Lactobacillus gasserri (Lg-36) full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion, from the product label.

Douglas Laboratories

See all Douglas Laboratories products
Name
Douglas Laboratories
Street Address
600 Boyce Road
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
ZipCode
15205
Phone Number
1.800.245.4440
Web Address
www.douglaslabs.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion by Douglas Laboratories: Common Questions

Does Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion by Douglas Laboratories interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion has a known interaction with 2,080 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion contains 10 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Will this probiotic work if I'm on an antibiotic?
Not if you take them together. Antibiotics can kill the live bacteria in this product, making it ineffective. Take your antibiotic and this probiotic at least a few hours apart—your doctor or pharmacist can help you figure out the best timing for your specific drugs.
Can I take this while pregnant?
Lactobacillus acidophilus and two of the Bifidobacterium strains are rated possibly safe in pregnancy. Slippery elm hasn't been rated—there isn't enough reliable data to know either way. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether this product is right for you during pregnancy.
Can I take this while breastfeeding?
The data we hold shows no safety rating for most ingredients during breastfeeding. Bifidobacterium longum and Streptococcus thermophilus are possibly safe. Check with your doctor or pharmacist before using this supplement while nursing.
What is FOS and why is it in here?
FOS (fructooligosaccharides) is a prebiotic—a type of fiber that feeds the good bacteria in your gut and helps them thrive. It's included to support the probiotic strains.
What does slippery elm do in a probiotic?
Slippery elm inner bark contains mucilage, which may help coat and soothe the digestive tract. The evidence for its effectiveness is insufficient, but it's traditionally used for digestive comfort.
Are there any common side effects I should expect?
Most people tolerate it well. A small number may experience mild gas, bloating, abdominal discomfort, or diarrhea—usually temporary as your gut adjusts. Allergic reactions to slippery elm are rare but possible.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Slippery Elm

Interacts with 2,022 drugs

Slippery elm is a traditional herbal remedy made from the inner bark of a North American elm tree, used mainly to soothe sore throats and irritated digestive tracts. Its mucilage can coat an...

Read the full Slippery Elm monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Lactobacillus Acidophilus

Interacts with 182 drugs

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a 'friendly' bacterium used as a probiotic to support gut and vaginal health. It is generally well tolerated in healthy people, and there is reasonable evidence...

Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Bifidobacterium Longum

Interacts with 182 drugs

Bifidobacterium longum is a 'friendly' bacterium found naturally in the human gut and used as a probiotic. It is generally well tolerated and is most studied for digestive issues, though evi...

Read the full Bifidobacterium Longum monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Streptococcus Thermophilus

Streptococcus thermophilus is a friendly bacterium used as a probiotic, often combined with other strains in yogurt and supplements. It is generally well tolerated in healthy people and may...

Read the full Streptococcus Thermophilus monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Lactobacillus Gasseri

Interacts with 182 drugs

Lactobacillus gasseri is a 'friendly' probiotic bacterium found naturally in the human gut, mouth, and vaginal tract, and in some fermented foods. Early research suggests it may help with di...

Read the full Lactobacillus Gasseri monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Multi-Probiotic 15 Billion's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 72 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Slippery Elm 3 references
  1. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  2. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  3. Czarnecki D, Nixon R, Bekhor P, and et al. Delayed prolonged contact urticaria from the elm tree. Contact Dermatitis 1993;28:196-197. PubMed

See these in context on the Slippery Elm monograph →

Lactobacillus Acidophilus 15 references
  1. Pierce A. The American Pharmaceutical Association Practical Guide to Natural Medicines. New York: The Stonesong Press, 1999:19.
  2. Begtrup LM, de Muckadell OB, Kjeldsen J, Christensen RD, Jarbøl DE. Long-term treatment with probiotics in primary care patients with irritable bowel syndrome--a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. Scand J Gastroenterol 2013;48(10):1127-35 PubMed
  3. Chatterjee S, Kar P, Das T, Ray S, Gangulyt S, Rajendiran C, Mitra M. Randomised placebo-controlled double blind multicentric trial on efficacy and safety of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium BB-12 for prevention of antibiotic-associated
  4. Shavakhi A, Tabesh E, Yaghoutkar A, Hashemi H, Tabesh F, Khodadoostan M,Minakari M, Shavakhi S, Gholamrezaei A. The effects of multistrain probiotic compound on bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: a randomized placebo-c
  5. Karamali M, Dadkhah F, Sadrkhanlou M, et al. Effects of probiotic supplementation on glycaemic control and lipid profiles in gestational diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Diabetes Metab 2016;42(4):234-41. PubMed
  6. Badehnoosh B, Karamali M, Zarrati M, et al. The effects of probiotic supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 May;31(9):1128-1136.
  7. Kumar S, Kumar R, Rohilla L, Jacob N, Yadav J, Sachdeva N. A high potency multi-strain probiotic improves glycemic control in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled pilot study. Pediatr Diabete
  8. Shahriari A, Karimi E, Shahriari M, Aslani N, Khooshideh M, Arab A. The effect of probiotic supplementation on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus among high-risk pregnant women: A parallel double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial PubMed
  9. Xiao SD, Zhang DZ, Lu H, et al. Multicenter, randomized, controlled trial of heat-killed Lactobacillus acidophilus LB in patients with chronic diarrhea. Adv Ther. 2003;20(5):253-60.
  10. Rossi F, Amadoro C, Gasperi M, Colavita G. Lactobacilli infection case reports in the last three years and safety implications. Nutrients. 2022;14(6):1178. PubMed
  11. Ozer M, Goksu SY, Shahverdiani A, Mustafa M. Lactobacillus acidophilus-induced endocarditis and associated splenic abscess. Case Rep Infect Dis 2020;2020:1382709.
  12. Sadrin S, Sennoune S, Gout B, et al. A 2-strain mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Dig Liver Dis 2020;52(5):534-540. PubMed
  13. Stoffer JN, Slingsby TJ, Giuliari GP. Lactobacillus acidophilus endophthalmitis after intravitreal bevacizumab injection requiring intraocular lens explantation. Can J Ophthalmol 2022;57(1):e21-e22. PubMed
  14. Cukovic-Cavka S, Likic R, Francetic I, Rustemovic N, Opacic M, Vucelic B. Lactobacillus acidophilus as a cause of liver abscess in a NOD2/CARD15-positive patient with Crohn's disease. Digestion 2006;73(2-3):107-10.
  15. Hui J, Ren Y, Wang Y, Han Q. Lactobacillus acidophilus endophthalmitis postcataract operation: A case report with a literature review. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023.

See these in context on the Lactobacillus Acidophilus monograph →

Bifidobacterium Longum 21 references
  1. Ha GY, Yang CH, Kim H, Chong Y. Case of sepsis caused by Bifidobacterium longum. J Clin Microbiol 1999;37:1227-8.
  2. Pierce A. The American Pharmaceutical Association Practical Guide to Natural Medicines. New York: The Stonesong Press, 1999:19.
  3. Xiao JZ, Takahashi S, Odamaki T, et al. Antibiotic susceptibility of bifidobacterial strains distributed in the Japanese market. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2010;74(2):336-42. PubMed
  4. Rautava S, Kainonen E, Salminen S, Isolauri E. Maternal probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and breast-feeding reduces the risk of eczema in the infant. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130(6):1355-60. PubMed
  5. Pruccoli G, Silvestro E, Pace Napoleone C, Aidala E, Garazzino S, Scolfaro C. Are probiotics safe? Bifidobacterium bacteremia in a child with severe heart failure. Infez Med. 2019;27(2):175-178.
  6. Pellonperä O, Vahlberg T, Mokkala K, et al. Weight gain and body composition during pregnancy: a randomised pilot trial with probiotics and/or fish oil. Br J Nutr. 2020 Nov 4:1-11. PubMed
  7. Pellonperä O, Mokkala K, Houttu N, et al. Efficacy of fish oil and/or probiotic intervention on the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in an at-risk group of overweight and obese women: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial PubMed
  8. Shahriari A, Karimi E, Shahriari M, Aslani N, Khooshideh M, Arab A. The effect of probiotic supplementation on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus among high-risk pregnant women: A parallel double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial PubMed
  9. Esaiassen E, Hjerde E, Cavanagh JP, Simonsen GS, Klingenberg C; Norwegian Study Group on Invasive Bifidobacterial Infections. Bifidobacterium bacteremia: Clinical characteristics and a genomic approach to assess pathogenicity. J Clin Microbiol. 2017;55(7) PubMed
  10. Enomoto T, Sowa M, Nishimori K, et al. Effects of bifidobacterial supplementation to pregnant women and infants in the prevention of allergy development in infants and on fecal microbiota. Allergol Int 2014;63(4):575-85. PubMed
  11. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Dear Healthcare Provider Letter: Warning Regarding Use of Probiotics in Preterm Infants. September 2023. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/media/172606/download?attachment. Accessed November 1, 2023.
  12. Pillai A, Tan J, Paquette V, Panczuk J. Does probiotic bacteremia in premature infants impact clinically relevant outcomes? A case report and updated review of literature. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2020;39:255-259. PubMed
  13. Sabaté JM, Iglicki F. Effect of Bifidobacterium longum 35624 on disease severity and quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. World J Gastroenterol 2022;28(7):732-744.
  14. Malaguarnera M, Greco F, Barone G, Gargante MP, Malaguarnera M, Toscano MA. Bifidobacterium longum with fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) treatment in minimal hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Dig Dis Sci 2007;52(11) PubMed
  15. Zbinden A, Zbinden R, Berger C, Arlettaz R. Case series of Bifidobacterium longum bacteremia in three preterm infants on probiotic therapy. Neonatology 2015;107(1):56-9.
  16. Tamaki H, Nakase H, Inoue S, et al. Efficacy of probiotic treatment with Bifidobacterium longum 536 for induction of remission in active ulcerative colitis: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled multicenter trial. Dig Endosc 2016;28(1):67-74.
  17. Bertelli C, Pillonel T, Torregrossa A, et al. Bifidobacterium longum bacteremia in preterm infants receiving probiotics. Clin Infect Dis 2015;60(6):924-7. PubMed
  18. Esaiassen E, Cavanagh P, Hjerde E, Simonsen GS, Støen R, Klingenberg C. Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis bacteremia in 3 extremely preterm infants receiving probiotics. Emerg Infect Dis 2016;22(9):1664-6.
  19. Tena D, Losa C, Medina MJ, Sáez-Nieto JA. Peritonitis caused by Bifidobacterium longum: case report and literature review. Anaerobe 2014;27:27-30. PubMed
  20. Sangkanjanavanich S, Pradubpongsa P, Mitthamsiri W, Sangasapaviliya A, Boonpiyathad T. Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 efficacy in patients with uncontrolled asthma: A randomized placebo-controlled trial. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022;129(6):790-792. PubMed
  21. Wilson HL, Ong CW. Bifidobacterium longum vertebrodiscitis in a patient with cirrhosis and prostate cancer. Anaerobe 2017;47:47-50. PubMed

See these in context on the Bifidobacterium Longum monograph →

Streptococcus Thermophilus 21 references
  1. Saxelin M, Chuang NH, Chassy B, et al. Lactobacilli and bacteremia in southern Finland 1989-1992. Clin Infect Dis 1996;22:564-6. PubMed
  2. Tynkkynen S, Singh KV, Varmanen P. Vancomycin resistance factor of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in relation to enterococcal vancomycin resistance (van) genes. Int J Food Microbiol 1998;41:195-204. PubMed
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See these in context on the Streptococcus Thermophilus monograph →

Lactobacillus Gasseri 12 references
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See these in context on the Lactobacillus Gasseri monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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