Water Factors By Country Life Overview & Drug Interactions

Calcium is a vital nutrient found in various foods such as dairy products, certain vegetables, and many fortified items. Over 99% of the body's calcium is stored in the bones and teeth, predominantly as hydroxyapatite. The remaining calcium circulates in the blood, extracellular fluid, muscles, and other tissues, where it is essential for processes like nerve signaling, muscle contraction, vascular activities, glandular secretion, and maintaining cell membrane and capillary permeability. It also plays critical roles in enzyme reactions, respiration, kidney function, and blood clotting, and is involved in neurotransmitter and hormone release, amino acid uptake, vitamin B12 absorption, and gastrin secretion. Calcium balance changes with age: it is positive during periods of growth, stable in adulthood, and tends to become negative in older age. Calcium loss occurs through feces, urine, sweat, and shedding skin cells. In women, reduced estrogen levels decrease calcium absorption and retention, increase bone turnover, and lead to lower bone mass. Calcium supplements come in various forms, including citrate and carbonate, which differ mainly in their calcium content and absorption rates. Calcium citrate is easily absorbed and can be taken without food, making it suitable for older adults or those with low stomach acid. In contrast, calcium carbonate, which contains a higher percentage of calcium, is best absorbed when taken with meals.

Uva ursi, also known as bearberry, is a plant species belonging to the Ericacea family, and is native to North America, Europe, and parts of Asia. It is a low-growing shrub with small, white flowers and edible red berries. The leaves of the plant are often used in traditional medicine as they are thought to have various medicinal properties, such as astringent, diuretic, and antimicrobial effects. Medicinally, Uva ursi is most often used to treat urinary tract infections and other urinary problems, as well as skin conditions such as eczema and dermatitis. It is also sometimes used to promote weight loss and as a natural remedy for kidney stones. In dietary supplements, Uva ursi is often standardized with a specific amount of Arbutin (usually around 20%), a constituent of the plant.

Burdock is a plant that is native to Europe and Asia. It is a member of the daisy family and is known for its long, tapering roots and large, prickly leaves. Burdock is often used in traditional medicine and is purported to have a number of health benefits. The roots and leaves of the plant are thought to have diuretic, diaphoretic, and expectorant properties. It has been used for a variety of conditions, including fever, sore throat, and digestive disorders. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, burdock is used to rid the body of toxins.

Celery is a type of plant whose stem is commonly consumed as a vegetable. It is a good source of nutrients, including vitamins A, B6, C, and K, as well as calcium, manganese potassium, and folate. It is also a good source of antioxidants. In traditional medicine, celery has been used to treat a variety of health conditions, including hypertension (high blood pressure), anxiety, and insomnia. It is also believed to have anti-inflammatory and diuretic properties, which may help to lower blood pressure and reduce fluid retention. When celery is utilized for dietary supplements, generally a celery seed extract, or celery seed oil, is used.

Buchu is an evergreen shrub that belongs to the Barosma species and is native to South Africa. It contains small, fragrant leaves, which are known for their strong, distinctive aroma. The leaves of the buchu shrub are commonly processed into oil, extracts, and dried preparations, which are used for a variety of purposes, including as fragrances and flavoring for foods. Buchu is also used in traditional medicine for its purported diuretic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties.