NDC 65162-0689-88 — Nitrofurantoin 25 mg/5mL Suspension, 230 mL

🆔 Identity & classification

FDA NDC (as labeled) 65162-689-88

Product NDC 65162-689

11-digit billing NDC 65162068988

NCPDP billing unit ML — per mL (volume)

RxCUI 311989

UNII 927AH8112L

Application # ANDA201679

SPL Set ID 11dcea9c-0c62-4153-976b-bd1f8ef1f6d9

Established class (EPC) Nitrofuran Antibacterial

Chemical class Nitrofurans

DEA schedule Non-controlled

Marketing category ANDA

Marketing status On market

FDA listing status Listed (active directory)

Marketing start 2011-03-24

Route ORAL

Dosage form SUSPENSION

Substance NITROFURANTOIN

GPI-14 16800050001810

GPI class Nitrofurantoin

GCN Seq No 009434

GCN 41870

HICL code 004089

Ingredient (HICL) Nitrofurantoin

HIC1 code W

Therapeutic class — broad (HIC1) Anti-Infecting Agents

HIC2 code W2

Therapeutic class — intermediate (HIC2) Antibacterials

HIC3 code W2F

Therapeutic class — specific (HIC3) Nitrofuran Derivatives Antibacterial Agents

AHFS code 08:36.00.00

AHFS class Urinary Anti-Infectives

FDB label name NITROFURANTOIN 25 MG/5 ML SUSP

FDB brand name Nitrofurantoin

Legend status F — Federal legend — prescription drug or device

Why two NDCs? The FDA registers this code as 65162-689-88 — a 5-3-2 layout, and that's what's printed on the package and shown on DailyMed. For insurance claims, every NDC is standardized to a uniform 11-digit 5-4-2 format by adding a zero to the product segment → 65162-0689-88. Same drug, same package — only the format differs.

Where does this data come from?

Identifiers from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory and Structured Product Labeling; RxCUI from RxNorm (NLM); GPI from Medi-Span; GCN / HIC / AHFS / legend from First Databank.

🏷️ RxNorm drug class

This medicine belongs to the Nitrofuran Antibacterial class.

Pharmacologic class Nitrofuran Antibacterial

Drug family (ATC) Nitrofuran derivatives

Where does this data come from?

Therapeutic classes from RxNorm RxClass (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Established Pharmacologic Class (FDA), ATC drug family (WHO) and mechanism of action, matched by this product’s RxCUI.

🏭 Manufacturer & labeler

LabelerAmneal Pharmaceuticals LLC

Application holderAMNEAL PHARMACEUTICALS

FDA applicationANDA201679 (ANDA)

Labeler code65162

First marketedMar 2011

Product typeHuman Prescription Drug

Portfolio467 products on file

🔎 All NDCs from Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC

The labeler markets the product; the application holder owns the FDA approval. They’re often the same company but can differ (e.g. a repackager or an authorized generic). A mailing address / phone appears here when the manufacturer includes it in the product’s FDA label (not all do).

Where does this data come from?

Labeler, application holder and registered establishment from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory and Drugs@FDA; address/contact from the product’s FDA label.

🩺 Clinical

Label name NITROFURANTOIN 25 MG/5 ML SUSP Ingredient Nitrofurantoin

📖 What it is MedlinePlus · NLM

Nitrofurantoin is used to treat urinary tract infections. Nitrofurantoin is in a class of medications called antibiotics. It works by killing bacteria that cause infection. Antibiotics such as nitrofurantoin will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections. Using antibiotics when they are not needed increases your risk of getting an infection later that resists antibiotic treatment.

Read the full MedlinePlus article ↗

📗 Our plain-language guide HelloPharmacist

Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic specifically for urinary tract infections — think bladder infections, not kidney infections. It works by concentrating in your urine where it kills...
What exactly is nitrofurantoin used for?
Yes, every time. Taking nitrofurantoin with food isn't just about avoiding an upset stomach — food actually helps your body absorb more of the medication, so it works better. Even...
Do I really need to take it with food every single time?

📖 Read our full Nitrofurantoin guide →

Patient education

📘 MedlinePlus patient leaflet ↗

Supplement & herbal interactions

Some supplements/herbs that may interact with Nitrofurantoin — tap one for details:

Activated CharcoalMajor Coffee CharcoalModerate European MandrakeModerate GlucomannanModerate Guar GumModerate Gum ArabicModerate Slippery ElmModerate TragacanthModerate

🌿 Every supplement checked against Nitrofurantoin (82 interactions) — ranked by severity →

7

Nutrient depletion considerations

Nitrofurantoin may be associated with lower levels of 7 nutrients — worth a chat with your pharmacist, not a cause for alarm.

BIOTIN Insignificant Depletion FOLIC ACID Insignificant Depletion RIBOFLAVIN Insignificant Depletion THIAMINE Insignificant Depletion VITAMIN B12 Insignificant Depletion +2 more

🧪 Full Nitrofurantoin nutrient depletion report →

An association is not a deficiency. Educational only — don't start or stop anything without professional guidance.

Where does this data come from?

Plain-language summary from MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine); supplement & herbal interactions and nutrient depletion data from the Natural Medicines database; our full guide is HelloPharmacist editorial content.

💊 What it looks like

Color yellow

FlavorTutti Frutti

One label can cover several strengths, so colors may be combined — always confirm a loose pill against the dispensed prescription label or a pharmacist.

Where does this data come from?

Physical description (imprint, shape, color, scoring, coating) from this product’s FDA Structured Product Labeling (SPL), mirrored from DailyMed / openFDA.

🧪 Inactive Ingredients / Excipients

Inactive ingredients, also called excipients, are components of the drug product other than the active ingredient. They may include fillers, dyes, coatings, preservatives, flavors, or other formulation ingredients.

A current SPL was checked, but it does not contain a structured or narrative inactive-ingredient list for this product. This does not mean the product has no inactive ingredients.

Where does this data come from?

Source: official FDA Structured Product Labeling (SPL) via DailyMed and the openFDA label index. Structured IACT rows and label-wide narrative are kept separate; availability and product-level specificity depend on the submitted label.

Inactive ingredient FAQ

Are inactive ingredients the same for every manufacturer?

No. Inactive ingredients can differ by manufacturer, dosage form, strength, and package / product version.

Why might an inactive ingredient be missing?

Some SPLs do not provide a complete structured inactive-ingredient list, and older or unusual labels may only include the information in narrative text.

Can inactive ingredients matter?

Yes. They can matter for allergies, intolerances, dyes, gluten / lactose concerns, preservatives, and formulation differences — but confirm with a pharmacist or the manufacturer when it’s clinically important.

💲 Pricing

A drug doesn't have one price. Each row is a different public payment system, and none is what you'd pay at the counter — that depends on your insurance. The ⓘ on each row explains what it measures.

Price system	Per mL	Per package
Retail pharmacies payNADAC · weekly	Not in the retail survey — common for institutional, discontinued, or low-volume packs.
Medicaid paysCMS SDUD · 12 mo	No recent Medicaid claims on file for this NDC — rare and low-volume NDCs are suppressed in the public data.
Medicare drug plans payPart D · Q2 2026	$6.08	$1,399.11 / 230 ml

Where does this data come from?

NADAC (National Average Drug Acquisition Cost) is the CMS weekly pharmacy-acquisition-cost survey — what pharmacies pay. ASP (Average Sales Price) is the CMS Medicare Part B drug-payment file, published quarterly. Medicaid pays is computed by us from CMS State Drug Utilization Data (total reimbursed ÷ units, trailing 12 months) — gross of rebates and inclusive of dispensing fees, so it reflects what Medicaid paid, not an acquisition cost. Medicare drug plans pay is the median negotiated point-of-sale unit cost across plans listing this NDC in the CMS quarterly Prescription Drug Plan pricing files, before rebates. The VA pays is the federal contract price (FSS, and the statutory Big 4 ceiling where listed) from the VA National Acquisition Center pharmaceutical price file. All are free public government data; each measures a different payer, so the figures are not directly comparable.

🔁 Therapeutic equivalents

Product	Labeler	Pack	NADAC/unit	TE	Status	Price vs. this
Nitrofurantoin 25 mg/5mL 59651-0206-23	Aurobindo	1 bottle	$1.718	AB	Availability likely	—
Nitrofurantoin 25 mg/5mL 64980-0593-24	Rising	1 bottle	$1.718	AB	Availability likely	—
Nitrofurantoin 25 mg/5mL 69238-2512-09	Amneal	1 bottle	$1.718	—	Availability likely	—
Nitrofurantoin 25 mg/5mL 70069-0829-01	Somerset	1 bottle	$1.718	AB	Availability likely	—
Nitrofurantoin 25 mg/5mL 70377-0118-31	Biocon	1 bottle	$1.718	AB	Availability likely	—
Nitrofurantoin 25 mg/5mL 70954-0496-10	ANI	230 ml	$1.718	AB	Availability likely	—
Nitrofurantoin 25 mg/5mL 72603-0176-01	NorthStar	1 bottle	$1.718	AB	Availability likely	—
Nitrofurantoin 25 mg/5mL 31722-0491-23	Camber	1 bottle	—	AB	FDA listed	—
Nitrofurantoin 25 mg/5mL 40032-0450-11	Novel	1 bottle	—	AB	FDA listed	—
Nitrofurantoin 25 mg/5mL 43386-0450-11	Lupin	1 bottle	—	AB	FDA listed	—
Nitrofurantoin 25 mg/5mLthis 65162-0689-88	Amneal	230 ml	—	—	FDA listed	—

About this product: this is a generic version of the medicine. FDA equivalence ratings are shown when available, and other versions are listed above, least expensive first.

Where does this data come from?

Equivalents are other NDCs of the same ingredient, form and route from the openFDA NDC Directory, ranked least-expensive-first by NADAC. Therapeutic-equivalence (AB) ratings come from the FDA Orange Book; biologics use the FDA Purple Book for biosimilar & interchangeable status.

⏳ Availability & generic status

🏛️

2011

On the market since

Mar 2011

📍

2026

Currently FDA-listed

15 years listed

🔓

·

Generic on the market

this product is a generic

✅This is a generic drug

This product is an FDA-approved generic. Other versions of the same drug are listed under Therapeutic equivalents, least expensive first.

Where does this data come from?

Patents and exclusivity from the FDA Orange Book (small-molecule drugs), refreshed from public FDA data. Generic launch timing is an estimate, not a guarantee.

📊 Medicare Part D spend CMS · PART D · 2026 (Q1)

Medicare Part D (outpatient prescription) spending for Nitrofurantoin — the program that covers self-administered drugs. 6 manufacturers.

⚠️ Drug-level data: CMS publishes Part D spending by drug, not by NDC — these figures combine every manufacturer, strength and package size sold under the name Nitrofurantoin. That’s a different level of aggregation than the Medicaid card above, which is specific to this exact 11-digit NDC (pack size included), so the two aren’t directly comparable.

Period

Total Part D spend

$4.68M

Claims incl. refills

993

Beneficiaries

668

Spend / beneficiary

$7,003.05

Spend / claim

$4,711.01

Trend by period

💵 About the dollar figures: spending is what Part D plans paid before confidential manufacturer rebates, so the program’s real net cost is lower. A blank patient count means fewer than 11 people — CMS hides counts that small to protect privacy. Source: CMS Medicare Quarterly Part D Spending by Drug (data.cms.gov), updated quarterly.

🔬 Reported adverse events (FAERS)

Read carefully: FAERS reports are voluntary and unverified. Counts are not incidence, do not establish causation, are subject to reporting bias, and cannot be used to compare one drug to another. Shown for signal context only. Reports for NITROFURANTOIN — the ingredient across all brands.

Top reported reactions

Urinary Tract Infection2,221

Fatigue1,839

Nausea1,827

Headache1,705

Pain1,501

Dyspnoea1,437

Diarrhoea1,285

Age at onset

Neonate59

Infant20

Child23

Adolescent22

Adult1,778

Elderly1,528

Reporter sex

Male · 14%

Female · 85%

Unknown · 0%

Serious outcomes

Hospitalization7,727

Death1,406

Disabling1,063

Reports over time (by year) — tap or hover for the count & year

Most recent year is provisional (FAERS lags ~3 months).

Where does this data come from?

Adverse-event reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) via openFDA. FAERS reports are voluntary and unverified — counts are not incidence and don’t establish causation.

📦 Packaging — all sizes for this product

Package NDC	Description	Marketing start	Status
65162-0689-88 You're viewing this	230 mL in 1 BOTTLE, GLASS (65162-689-88)	2011-03-24	Active

🧭 About this NDC listing & data coverage

Finished prescription product

What data is (and isn’t) available for this NDC — tap to expand

NDC identity (package / product / labeler codes)	✓ Available
Labeler	✓ Available
Product & package description	✓ Available
Marketing category & status	✓ Available
Active ingredient / dosage form / route	✓ Available
FDA label (SPL via DailyMed)	✓ Available
Package photos	✓ Available
Inactive ingredients (structured)	— Not published for this NDC The labeler did not submit a structured excipient list, or no SPL is available.
NADAC pharmacy acquisition price (CMS)	— Not published for this NDC CMS publishes NADAC only for NDCs reported in its retail-pharmacy survey.
Orange Book / therapeutic-equivalence data	— Not published for this NDC Applies only to products approved under an NDA/ANDA; many listings are out of scope.
HCPCS J-code billing crosswalk	— Not published for this NDC Most self-administered / retail products have no J-code — that is normal.
Medicaid utilization (CMS SDUD)	— Not published for this NDC CMS reports utilization only for NDCs with Medicaid claims above its privacy threshold.

“Not published” reflects what the public FDA / CMS / NLM sources provide for this exact package code — it is a property of the data feeds, not a judgment about the product.

Questions about this listing

Why is there no price listed?

The pricing shown on our NDC pages comes from CMS NADAC, a voluntary survey of retail community pharmacy invoices. CMS does not publish a NADAC for every NDC — packages outside the retail survey (institutional and hospital products, bulk packages, discontinued items, and many OTC items) may never receive one. A missing price reflects the survey's scope, not this product's actual cost, and does not mean the product is free or unavailable.

Is the NDC printed on the package the same as the 11-digit billing NDC?

Yes, they identify this exact package in different formats. The FDA registers it as 65162-689-88, which is what is printed on the packaging and shown on DailyMed. Insurance claims use a fixed 11-digit 5-4-2 format, so the short segment is padded with a leading zero: 65162-0689-88, written without dashes as 65162068988. The Identity section at the top of this page lists every form of this code.

What do the three segments of this NDC mean?

In 65162-0689-88, the first segment (65162) is the labeler code FDA assigned to Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC; the middle segment (0689) identifies this specific product — its ingredient, strength, and dosage form; and the last segment (88) identifies this exact package size and type. Together they name one specific package of one specific product.

Is this package still being marketed?

Yes, per the latest FDA NDC Directory data on this page: this package is listed as actively marketed, with no marketing end date reported by Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC. Listing status can change — the directory data on this page refreshes weekly.

Who lists this product with the FDA?

Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC is the labeler of record for this NDC — the company under whose FDA-assigned code the package is listed. The labeler may be the manufacturer itself or a distributor marketing the product under its own code.

Do I need a prescription for this product?

This NDC is listed with FDA as a prescription product, so it is dispensed under a prescriber's order. Your pharmacist can tell you whether any over-the-counter forms of the same medication exist.

This page identifies an FDA-listed package (the NDC) and reports public regulatory and pricing data about the listing. It is reference information, not a medical recommendation — talk to your pharmacist or prescriber about your own medication.

Where does this data come from?

Listing facts (marketing category, packager status, marketing dates) from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory; label availability from DailyMed; pricing coverage from CMS NADAC; equivalence scope from the FDA Orange Book.

📄 Full prescribing information FDA SPL

The complete FDA label for this product — the official prescribing information, verbatim, section by section. Jump with a chip, search within the label, or expand everything.

🎯 Indications and Usage ⏱️ Dosage and Administration ⛔ Contraindications ⚠️ Warnings 🤒 Adverse Reactions 🆘 Overdosage 🧬 Clinical Pharmacology 📦 How Supplied / Storage and Handling 📋 Description

🎯 Indications and Usage 160 words ▾

INDICATIONS AND USAGE Nitrofurantoin oral suspension is specifically indicated for the treatment of urinary tract infections when due to susceptible strains of Escherichia coli, enterococci , Staphylococcus aureus , and certain susceptible strains of Klebsiella and Enterobacter species. Nitrofurantoin oral suspension is not indicated for the treatment of pyelonephritis or perinephric abscesses. Nitrofurantoins lack the broader tissue distribution of other therapeutic agents approved for urinary tract infections.

Consequently, many patients who are treated with nitrofurantoin oral suspension are predisposed to persistence or reappearance of bacteriuria. Urine specimens for culture and susceptibility testing should be obtained before and after completion of therapy. If persistence or reappearance of bacteriuria occurs after treatment with nitrofurantoin oral suspension, other therapeutic agents with broader tissue distribution should be selected.

In considering the use of nitrofurantoin oral suspension, lower eradication rates should be balanced against the increased potential for systemic toxicity and for the development of antimicrobial resistance when agents with broader tissue distribution are utilized.

⏱️ Dosage and Administration ~1 min read ▾

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Nitrofurantoin oral suspension should be given with food to improve drug absorption and, in some patients, tolerance. Adults 50 to 100 mg four times a day - the lower dosage level is recommended for uncomplicated urinary tract infections. Pediatric Patients 5 to 7 mg/kg of body weight per 24 hours, given in four divided doses (contraindicated under one month of age).

The following table is based on an average weight in each range receiving 5 to 6 mg/kg of body weight per 24 hours, given in four divided doses. It can be used to calculate an average dose of nitrofurantoin oral suspension (25 mg/5 mL) for pediatric patients. Table 3: Pediatric Dosing Table Weight in Kilograms (kg) Pediatric Doses (milliliters) and Frequency 7 kg to 11 kg 2.5 mL Four times Daily 12 kg to 21 kg 5 mL Four times Daily 22 kg to 30 kg 7.5 mL Four times Daily 31 kg to 41 kg 10 mL Four times Daily 42 kg or greater See Adult Dose Therapy should be continued for one week or for at least 3 days after sterility of the urine is obtained.

Continued infection indicates the need for reevaluation. For long-term suppressive therapy in adults, a reduction of dosage to 50 to 100 mg at bedtime may be adequate. For long-term suppressive therapy in pediatric patients, doses as low as 1 mg/kg per 24 hours, given in a single dose or in two divided doses, may be adequate.

SEE WARNINGS SECTION REGARDING RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH LONG TERM THERAPY .

⛔ Contraindications 131 words ▾

CONTRAINDICATIONS Anuria, oliguria, or significant impairment of renal function (creatinine clearance under 60 mL per minute or clinically significant elevated serum creatinine) are contraindications. Treatment of this type of patient carries an increased risk of toxicity because of impaired excretion of the drug. Because of the possibility of hemolytic anemia due to immature erythrocyte enzyme systems (glutathione instability), the drug is contraindicated in pregnant patients at term (38 to 42 weeks gestation), during labor and delivery, or when the onset of labor is imminent.

For the same reason, the drug is contraindicated in neonates under one month of age. Nitrofurantoin oral suspension is contraindicated in patients with a previous history of cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction associated with nitrofurantoin. Nitrofurantoin oral suspension is also contraindicated in those patients with known hypersensitivity to nitrofurantoin.

⚠️ Warnings ~2 min read ▾

WARNINGS Pulmonary reactions ACUTE, SUBACUTE, OR CHRONIC PULMONARY REACTIONS HAVE BEEN OBSERVED IN PATIENTS TREATED WITH NITROFURANTOIN. IF THESE REACTIONS OCCUR, NITROFURANTOIN ORAL SUSPENSION SHOULD BE DISCONTINUED AND APPROPRIATE MEASURES TAKEN. REPORTS HAVE CITED PULMONARY REACTIONS AS A CONTRIBUTING CAUSE OF DEATH.

CHRONIC PULMONARY REACTIONS (DIFFUSE INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONITIS OR PULMONARY FIBROSIS, OR BOTH) CAN DEVELOP INSIDIOUSLY. THESE REACTIONS OCCUR RARELY AND GENERALLY IN PATIENTS RECEIVING THERAPY FOR SIX MONTHS OR LONGER. CLOSE MONITORING OF THE PULMONARY CONDITION OF PATIENTS RECEIVING LONG-TERM THERAPY IS WARRANTED AND REQUIRES THAT THE BENEFITS OF THERAPY BE WEIGHED AGAINST POTENTIAL RISKS (see RESPIRATORY REACTIONS ).

Hepatotoxicity Hepatic reactions, including hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice, chronic active hepatitis, and hepatic necrosis, occur rarely. Fatalities have been reported. The onset of chronic active hepatitis may be insidious, and patients should be monitored periodically for changes in biochemical tests that would indicate liver injury.

If hepatitis occurs, the drug should be withdrawn immediately and appropriate measures should be taken. Neuropathy Peripheral neuropathy, which may become severe or irreversible, has occurred. Fatalities have been reported.

Conditions such as renal impairment (creatinine clearance under 60 mL per minute or clinically significant elevated serum creatinine), anemia, diabetes mellitus, electrolyte imbalance, vitamin B deficiency, and debilitating disease may enhance the occurrence of peripheral neuropathy. Patients receiving long-term therapy should be monitored periodically for changes in renal function. Optic neuritis has been reported rarely in postmarketing experience with nitrofurantoin formulations.

Hemolytic anemia Cases of hemolytic anemia of the primaquine-sensitivity type have been induced by nitrofurantoin. Hemolysis appears to be linked to a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in the red blood cells of the affected patients. This deficiency is found in 10 percent of Blacks and a small percentage of ethnic groups of Mediterranean and Near-Eastern origin.

Hemolysis is an indication for discontinuing Nitrofurantoin oral suspension; hemolysis ceases when the drug is withdrawn. Clostridium difficile -associated diarrhea Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including nitrofurantoin oral suspension, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis. Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowth of C. difficile.

C. difficile produces toxins A and B which contribute to the development of CDAD. Hypertoxin producing strains of C. difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy. CDAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibiotic use.

Careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to occur over two months after the administration of antibacterial agents. If CDAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibiotic use not directed against C. difficile may need to be discontinued. Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C. difficile , and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated.

🤒 Adverse Reactions ~2 min read ▾

ADVERSE REACTIONS Respiratory CHRONIC, SUBACUTE, OR ACUTE PULMONARY HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS MAY OCCUR. CHRONIC PULMONARY REACTIONS MAY OCCUR GENERALLY IN PATIENTS WHO HAVE RECEIVED CONTINUOUS TREATMENT FOR SIX MONTHS OR LONGER. MALAISE, DYSPNEA ON EXERTION, COUGH, AND ALTERED PULMONARY FUNCTION ARE COMMON MANIFESTATIONS WHICH CAN OCCUR INSIDIOUSLY.

RADIOLOGIC AND HISTOLOGIC FINDINGS OF DIFFUSE INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONITIS OR FIBROSIS, OR BOTH, ARE ALSO COMMON MANIFESTATIONS OF THE CHRONIC PULMONARY REACTION. FEVER IS RARELY PROMINENT. THE SEVERITY OF CHRONIC PULMONARY REACTIONS AND THEIR DEGREES OF RESOLUTION APPEAR TO BE RELATED TO THE DURATION OF THERAPY AFTER THE FIRST CLINICAL SIGNS APPEAR.

PULMONARY FUNCTION MAY BE IMPAIRED PERMANENTLY, EVEN AFTER CESSATION OF THERAPY. THE RISK IS GREATER WHEN CHRONIC PULMONARY REACTIONS ARE NOT RECOGNIZED EARLY. In subacute pulmonary reactions, fever and eosinophilia occur less often than in the acute form.

Upon cessation of therapy, recovery may require several months. If the symptoms are not recognized as being drug-related and nitrofurantoin therapy is not stopped, the symptoms may become more severe. Acute pulmonary reactions are commonly manifested by fever, chills, cough, chest pain, dyspnea, pulmonary infiltration with consolidation of pleural effusion on x-ray, and eosinophilia.

Acute reactions usually occur within the first week of treatment and are reversible with cessation of therapy. Resolution often is dramatic (see WARNINGS ). Changes in EKG (e.g., non-specific ST/T wave changes, bundle branch block) have been reported in association with pulmonary reactions.

Cyanosis has been reported rarely. Hepatic Hepatic reactions, including hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice, chronic active hepatitis, and hepatic neurosis, occur rarely (see WARNINGS ). Neurologic Peripheral neuropathy, which may become severe or irreversible, has occurred.

Fatalities have been reported. Conditions such as renal impairment (creatinine clearance under 60 mL per minute or clinically significant elevated serum creatinine), anemia, diabetes mellitus, electrolyte imbalance, vitamin B deficiency, and debilitating diseases may increase the possibility of peripheral neuropathy (see WARNINGS ). Asthenia, vertigo, nystagmus, dizziness, headache, and drowsiness have also been reported with the use of nitrofurantoin.

Benign intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri), confusion, depression, optic neuritis, and psychotic reactions have been reported rarely. Bulging fontanels, as a sign of benign intracranial hypertension in infants, have been reported rarely. Dermatologic Exfoliative dermatitis and erythema multiforme (including Stevens-Johnson syndrome) have been reported rarely.

Transient alopecia also has been reported. Allergic A lupus-like syndrome associated with pulmonary reactions to nitrofurantoin has been reported. Also, angioedema; maculopapular, erythematous, or eczematous eruptions; pruritus; urticaria; anaphylaxis; arthralgia; myalgia; drug fever; and vasculitis (sometimes associated with pulmonary reactions) have been reported.

Hypersensitivity reactions present the most frequent spontaneously-reported adverse events in world-wide postmarketing experience with nitrofurantoin formulations. Gastrointestinal Nausea, emesis, and anorexia occur most often. Abdominal pain and diarrhea are less common gastrointestinal reactions.

These dose-related reactions can be minimized by reduction of dosage. Sialadenitis and pancreatitis have been reported. There have been sporadic reports of pseudomembranous colitis with the use of nitrofurantoin.

The onset of pseudomembranous colitis symptoms may occur during or after antimicrobial treatment (see WARNINGS ). Hematologic Cyanosis secondary to methemoglobinemia has been reported rarely. Miscellaneous As with other antimicrobial agents, superinfections caused by resistant organisms, e.g., Pseudomonas species or Candida species, can occur.

There are sporadic reports of…

🆘 Overdosage 48 words ▾

OVERDOSAGE Occasional incidents of acute overdosage of nitrofurantoin oral suspension have not resulted in any specific symptoms other than vomiting. Induction of emesis is recommended. There is no specific antidote, but a high fluid intake should be maintained to promote urinary excretion of the drug. It is dialyzable.

🧬 Clinical Pharmacology ~1 min read ▾

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY Orally administered nitrofurantoin oral suspension is readily absorbed and rapidly excreted in urine. Blood concentrations at therapeutic dosage are usually low. It is highly soluble in urine, to which it may impart a brown color.

Following a dose regimen of 100 mg q.i.d. for 7 days, average urinary drug recoveries (0 to 24 hours) on day 1 and day 7 were 42.7% and 43.6%. Unlike many drugs, the presence of food or agents delaying gastric emptying can increase the bioavailability of nitrofurantoin oral suspension, presumably by allowing better dissolution in gastric juices. Microbiology Mode of Action Nitrofurantoin is reduced by a wide range of enzymes including bacterial flavoproteins to reactive intermediates which are damaging to macromolecules such as DNA and proteins.

Cross-Resistance Although cross-resistance with other antimicrobials may occur, cross-resistance with sulfonamides has not been observed. Interaction with Other Antimicrobials Antagonism has been demonstrated in vitro between nitrofurantoin and quinolone antimicrobial agents. Nitrofurantoin, in the form of nitrofurantoin oral suspension, has been shown to be active against most of the following bacteria both in vitro and in clinical infections: (see INDICATIONS AND USAGE ).

Gram-positive Aerobes Staphylococcus aureus Enterococcus species Gram-Negative Aerobes Escherichia coli NOTE: Some strains of Enterobacter species and Klebsiella species are resistant to nitrofurantoin. The following in vitro data are available, but their clinical significance is unknown. Nitrofurantoin exhibits in vitro activity against the following bacteria; however, the safety and effectiveness of nitrofurantoin in treating clinical infections due to these bacteria have not been established in adequate and well controlled clinical trials.

Gram-Positive Aerobes Coagulase-negative staphylococci (including Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus ) Streptococcus agalactiae Viridans group streptococci Gram-Negative Aerobes Citrobacter koseri Citrobacter freundii Klebsiella oxytoca Nitrofurantoin is not active against most strains of Proteus species or Serratia species. It has no activity against Pseudomonas species. Susceptibility Testing For specific information regarding susceptibility test interpretive criteria, and associated test methods and quality control standards recognized by FDA for this drug, please see: http://www.fda.gov/STIC.

📦 How Supplied / Storage and Handling 108 words ▾

HOW SUPPLIED Nitrofurantoin oral suspension, USP (a clear, yellow colored, tutti frutti flavored suspension) containing 25 mg nitrofurantoin, USP in each teaspoonful (5 mL) is available as follows: 230 mL in an 8 oz amber bottle. NDC 65162-689-88 Avoid exposure to strong light which may darken the drug. It is stable when stored between 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted between 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].

Protect from freezing. Shake vigorously. Dispense in tight, light-resistant, amber glass bottles.

Use within 30 days. Keep out of reach of children. Rx only Distributed by: Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC Bridgewater, NJ 08807 Rev.

08-2021-04

📋 Description 73 words ▾

DESCRIPTION Nitrofurantoin oral suspension USP, a synthetic chemical, is a stable, yellow, crystalline compound. Nitrofurantoin oral suspension, USP is an antibacterial agent for specific urinary tract infections. Nitrofurantoin oral suspension, USP is available in 25 mg/5 mL liquid suspension for oral administration.

Inactive Ingredients Nitrofurantoin oral suspension, USP contains anhydrous citric acid, artificial fruit flavor, carboxymethylcellulose sodium, glycerin, magnesium aluminum silicate, methylparaben, propylparaben, purified water, saccharin insoluble, sodium citrate, and sorbitol solution 52ae3bb2-figure-01

Glossary — plain-language definitions of medical terms used in this label:

contraindicated: Should not be used in that situation, because the risk is considered too high.

in vitro: In a laboratory dish or test tube rather than in a living person or animal; results may not carry over to people.

lupus-like syndrome: A set of symptoms resembling lupus, such as joint pain, rash, and fever, that appears while taking a substance and usually settles after stopping it.

abdominal pain: Pain, cramping, or discomfort felt anywhere in the belly area.

Absorption: How a medicine moves from where it is taken, such as the stomach or gut, into the bloodstream.

Adverse Reactions: Unwanted or harmful effects that people experienced while taking a medicine, listed on its official label.

alopecia: Loss of hair from the scalp or body.

anaphylaxis: A sudden, severe, whole-body allergic reaction that can cause trouble breathing, swelling, and a drop in blood pressure, needing emergency care.

anemia: A low level of red blood cells or the oxygen-carrying protein inside them, which can cause tiredness, weakness, and paleness.

angioedema: Rapid swelling deep under the skin, often around the eyes, lips, tongue, or throat.

anorexia: Loss of appetite, or not feeling hungry (on a drug label this means reduced appetite, not the eating disorder).

antidote: A treatment that reverses or counteracts the effects of a specific medicine or poison.

antimicrobial resistance: When germs change over time so that the medicines meant to kill them no longer work well.

anuria: Producing little or no urine, which can be a sign of severe kidney problems.

arthralgia: Joint pain.

asthenia: Unusual weakness or lack of physical strength and energy.

Bioavailability: The share of a dose that actually reaches the bloodstream and is able to have an effect.

clearance: How quickly the body removes a medicine from the blood, usually through the liver and kidneys.

Clinical Pharmacology: The label section explaining how a medicine works in the body and how the body processes it.

colitis: Swelling and irritation of the inner lining of the large intestine, or colon.

Contraindications: A list of situations or health conditions in which a medicine should not be used because the chance of harm is too high.

creatinine clearance: An estimate of how fast the kidneys filter waste from the blood, often used to choose the right medicine dose.

cyanosis: A bluish color of the skin, lips, or nails caused by too little oxygen in the blood.

depression: A lasting low mood with loss of interest that affects everyday life.

dermatitis: Inflammation of the skin, causing redness, itching, and sometimes swelling or blisters.

diarrhea: Loose, watery bowel movements that happen more often than normal.

Distribution: How a medicine spreads from the blood into the body's tissues and organs after it is absorbed.

Dosage and Administration: The label section explaining how much of a medicine to use and how to take or give it.

dyspnea: The medical word for shortness of breath, or the feeling that you cannot get enough air.

electrolyte: A mineral in the blood and body fluids, such as sodium, potassium, or calcium, that carries a small electric charge and helps the body work.

emesis: The medical word for vomiting, or bringing up the contents of the stomach through the mouth.

eosinophilia: A higher-than-normal level of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell often linked to allergies or drug reactions.

erythema: Redness of the skin caused by increased blood flow, often from irritation or inflammation.

erythema multiforme: A skin reaction with red, target-shaped spots, usually on the hands, arms, or face.

Excretion: How the body removes a medicine or its leftover pieces, mainly through the urine or stool.

exfoliative dermatitis: Widespread redness with heavy scaling or peeling of the skin over most of the body.

hemolysis: The breaking apart of red blood cells, which can lower the number of cells available to carry oxygen.

hemolytic anemia: A shortage of red blood cells caused by them breaking apart faster than the body can replace them.

hepatitis: Inflammation of the liver, which can be caused by infections, alcohol, or certain medicines.

hepatotoxicity: Damage to the liver caused by a medicine or other substance.

hypersensitivity: An overreaction of the body's defense system to a substance, causing symptoms such as rash, swelling, or trouble breathing.

hypertension: Blood pressure that stays higher than normal, commonly called high blood pressure.

Indications and Usage: The label section stating which medical conditions the FDA has officially approved the medicine to treat, prevent, or manage.

jaundice: Yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by too much bilirubin in the blood.

malaise: A general feeling of being unwell, uneasy, or low on energy, without one clear symptom.

methemoglobinemia: A condition where the blood carries less oxygen than normal because of a change in its oxygen-carrying protein.

myalgia: Muscle pain or aching.

NDC: A unique number that identifies a specific medicine, its maker, strength, and package size.

nystagmus: Rapid, involuntary back-and-forth movements of the eyes that a person cannot control.

oliguria: Producing much less urine than normal, which is often a sign the kidneys are under stress.

optic neuritis: Swelling and irritation of the nerve that carries signals from the eye to the brain, which can affect vision.

Overdosage: The label section describing what can happen if too much of a medicine is taken and how it may be treated.

pancreatitis: Painful swelling of the pancreas, an organ behind the stomach that helps digest food and control blood sugar.

peripheral neuropathy: Damage to the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord, often causing numbness, tingling, or pain in the hands and feet.

pleural effusion: A buildup of fluid in the space between the lungs and the chest wall.

pneumonitis: Inflammation of the lung tissue that is not caused by an infection and can lead to cough and breathlessness.

pruritus: Itching of the skin.

pseudomembranous colitis: A serious swelling of the large intestine, usually caused by C. difficile bacteria, that leads to severe diarrhea.

pulmonary fibrosis: Scarring and thickening of lung tissue that makes the lungs stiff and breathing harder over time.

refractory: Describing a disease that does not respond to, or improve with, treatment.

renal impairment: Reduced kidney function, meaning the kidneys do not filter waste and fluid from the blood as well as normal.

Rx only: A label marking meaning the medicine can be obtained only with a prescription from a licensed health professional.

serum creatinine: A waste product measured in a blood test; higher levels can mean the kidneys are not filtering as well as normal.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome: A rare, serious reaction causing painful blistering and peeling of the skin and the moist linings of the mouth, eyes, and other areas.

susceptibility testing: A lab test that grows germs from a sample and checks which medicines can stop or kill them.

suspension: A liquid holding fine drug particles that are mixed in but not fully dissolved, so it must be shaken before use.

tolerance: When the body gets used to a medicine over time, so a larger dose is needed to get the same effect.

urticaria: Raised, itchy welts on the skin, commonly called hives.

vertigo: A spinning sensation that makes you feel like you or the room around you is moving.

Source: FDA Structured Product Labeling, mirrored from DailyMed / openFDA. Prefer the government’s original formatting? View this label on DailyMed ↗

🔗 Related NDC lookups

🧪 All Nitrofurantoin NDCsSame ingredient 🏭 All Amneal labeler NDCsLabeler code 65162 📚 All Nitrofuran Antibacterial NDCsDrug class 📖 Read the Nitrofurantoin drug informationUses, warnings & side effects

💊 Related drugs in this class

Other drugs that share this product’s specific therapeutic class — Nitrofuran Derivatives Antibacterial Agents.

Nitrofurantoin Macrocrystal 00115-1643-01 Nitrofurantoin Monohyd/M-Cryst 00185-0122-01

Where does this data come from?

Other drugs sharing this product’s First Databank therapeutic class (HIC3). Each links to that NDC’s page in our directory.