Can You Take Phentermine With Zoloft?
In our latest question and answer, the pharmacist discusses whether or not Adipex-P (phentermine) can safely be taken with Zoloft (sertraline).
I went to a weight loss doctor and he gave me 25mg of Zoloft, 37.5mg of Adipex-P and a diet plan. Is that safe? I thought you couldn't mix the two drugs, according to drug interaction sites. But then I saw a doctor who wrote a book about it, when they would give an antidepressant and weight loss pills to obese people to lose weight. So is it safe?
Aug 30, 2022- Phentermine and Zoloft can be used together safely in many people, though there is a moderate interaction between them based on how they work. Studies show that serotonin syndrome risk is minimal when phentermine is used at weight loss doses with Zoloft, and clinical trials found the combination was generally well tolerated. Your doctor should monitor you closely, ensure you have been on a stable Zoloft dose for at least 3 months before starting phentermine, and you should have regular follow-up appointments.
Answer
Thanks for reaching out! This is a fantastic question and one I am more than happy to go over with you.
First and foremost, there is considered to be a moderate interaction between phentermine and Zoloft (sertraline) based on how these drugs work, but the combination of an antidepressant (such as Zoloft) and phentermine has been used safely and effectively in many individuals.
You are correct that many individuals are put on both an antidepressant and anti-obesity drug, like phentermine, as the combination can sometimes yield greater weight loss results than phentermine alone. In addition, the combination of phentermine and an antidepressant is not uncommon as many obese individuals also suffer from concurrent depression and are taking anti-depressant medication for treatment.
Overall, safe and efficacious use of Zoloft and phentermine is dependent on the individual taking the medications, whether or not they have been "stabilized" on antidepressant therapy and whether or not they are being closely monitored by their doctor.
Taking Phentermine With Zoloft - Interaction
Zoloft (sertraline) is classified as an SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) and works by increasing the amount of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain. It is most commonly used to treat depression but is also beneficial for anxiety disorders and certain bipolar disorders.
Adipex-P (phentermine) is a weight loss medication that is chemically and mechanistically related to the amphetamines such as Adderall. Theoretically, it is thought that phentermine may increase levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain, increasing the risk in individuals of serotonin syndrome. Serotonin syndrome is a rare but serious disorder that is characterized by the following symptoms:
- Hyperthermia
- Muscle rigidity
- Headache
- Agitation
- Increased heart rate
- Confusion
As a general rule, the risk of serotonin syndrome is thought to be increased in those taking multiple serotonin augmenting medications. There have been rare case reports of serotonin syndrome occurring in those combining amphetamines and serotonergic drugs like Zoloft. However, these case reports aren't conclusive and there could be other contributing factors.
Studies Show Little Risk Of Serotonin Syndrome
Most of the current data suggest however that phentermine's overall effect on serotonin is minimal at doses used for weight loss and that phentermine does not increase serotonin levels in the brain when it is combined with serotonin augmenting antidepressants.
In fact, most studies that have specifically evaluated phentermine with SSRIs have found no cases of serotonin syndrome.
Additionally, in clinical trials for the new, phentermine-containing anti-obesity drug Qsymia (phentermine/topiramate), there were many individuals who started therapy on the medication and were also taking a serotonergic antidepressant such as Zoloft. Therapy was initiated as long as the antidepressant dose had been stable for at least 3 months prior to the initiation of phentermine.
The clinical trial results showed that the combination was generally well tolerated and there was no increased risk of serotonin syndrome.
The Combination Is Often Used Together But Take Precautions
As every individual's situation and medical history are unique, it is important to speak with your doctor regarding the use of Zoloft and phentermine. As mentioned above, however, the combination is generally considered safe provided the following:
- You are closely monitored by the doctor for adverse events such as elevated blood pressure and other excess serotonin-related effects
- You have been stabilized on antidepressant therapy and have been taking a consistent dose for at least 3 months
- You regularly follow up with your doctor regarding your therapy
Final Words
Thanks again for reaching out to us! I hope this answer helped.
References & sources
- Safety and Effectiveness of Longer-Term Phentermine Use: Clinical Outcomes from an Electronic Health Record Cohort — PubMed
- Topiramate And Phentermine — NIH
- Effects on Weight Reduction and Safety of Short-Term Phentermine Administration in Korean Obese People — PubMed
- Clinical experience using appetite suppressants and SSRIs — PubMed
- Fluoxetine increases the anorectic and long-term dopamine-depleting effects of phentermine — PubMed
Glossary — Terms in This Answer
- SSRI
- A type of antidepressant medication that works by increasing serotonin levels in the brain by blocking its reabsorption.
- Neurotransmitter
- A chemical messenger in the brain that allows nerve cells to communicate with each other.
- Serotonin
- A neurotransmitter in the brain that affects mood, anxiety, and other functions.
- Serotonin syndrome
- A rare but serious condition that occurs when too much serotonin builds up in the body, causing symptoms like high fever, muscle rigidity, and confusion.
- Hyperthermia
- Abnormally high body temperature or fever.
- Muscle rigidity
- Stiffness and inflexibility of muscles that cannot relax normally.
- Serotonergic
- Related to or affecting the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain.
- Clinical trials
- Research studies conducted on human subjects to test the safety and effectiveness of medications.