Transfer Factor Drug Interactions, Uses, Effectiveness, Safety & More
What is this page for?
First and foremost: how Transfer Factor interacts with medications. The heart of this page is the interaction list — every drug Transfer Factor is known to interact with, and how serious each one is.
But these pages have grown well beyond that into a full monograph — what Transfer Factor is, what people use it for and how strong the evidence is, its safety and side effects, and answers to the questions we’re asked most — written and reviewed by the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases, not medical advice, and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Check Transfer Factor against your medication
Add one medicationDrugs that interact with Transfer Factor
0 medications have a known interaction with Transfer Factor, graded by severity. Select any drug for the full evidence-based detail.
We don’t currently list any known drug interactions for Transfer Factor. This doesn’t guarantee none exist — always confirm with your pharmacist before combining supplements with your medications.
What Severity, Likelihood & Evidence Mean
Severity — How Serious It Can Be
- Major. Clinically significant; generally best avoided, or used only under direct professional supervision.
- Moderate. May need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separating the times you take each one.
- Minor. Generally not clinically significant, but still worth noting and mentioning to your pharmacist.
- No known interaction. Checked against our sources with nothing documented — not the same as proven safety.
Likelihood — How Well It’s Documented
- Likely. Well-controlled human studies have demonstrated the likely existence of this interaction
- Probable. Interaction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports.
- Possible. Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists
- Unlikely. Interaction has been demonstrated in animal or in lab research but has been shown not to occur in humans.
Where This Data Comes From
- Interaction records are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database (TRC Healthcare), the same reference used by pharmacists and hospitals.
- Each drug listed above links to the full report for that exact Transfer Factor combination — clinical detail, likelihood, evidence level, and citations.
- Content is reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists — see our data sources and editorial standards.
Transfer Factor: Uses, Safety & Side Effects
Transfer factors are small immune molecules taken from cow colostrum or egg yolk and sold as supplements meant to boost or 'train' the immune system. Solid human evidence for the supplement products is limited, and quality varies widely between brands. Talk with your pharmacist or doctor before using one, especially if you have an immune condition.
- Part used
- Small immune molecules (peptides) extracted from sources such as cow colostrum or hen egg yolk
- Common forms
- Capsules, tablets, powders
- Immune support
- Preventing colds and infections
- Allergies
- General wellness
- Chronic viral conditions
Popular and traditional uses — not proof it works. See “Uses & effectiveness” below for the evidence.
Generally well tolerated in studies, but long-term safety and product quality are not well established.
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
Read the full pregnancy detailInsufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
Read the full breastfeeding detailPregnancy & breastfeeding ratings are from Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center). Safety guidance is general; always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor for your situation.
Overview
Transfer factors are tiny protein-like molecules made by immune cells. The idea behind them is that they can pass along immune 'information' from one individual to another, helping the body recognize germs more quickly.
The supplements sold today are usually made from cow colostrum (the first milk a cow makes after giving birth) or from chicken egg yolk. These sources are rich in immune molecules. Companies extract and concentrate these factors and put them into capsules, tablets, or powders.
People take transfer factor products hoping to strengthen their immune system, prevent colds and other infections, or support overall health. It is important to know that this is a processed supplement and not a standard medicine.
How it works
Transfer factors are believed to be small molecules released by certain white blood cells. The main theory is that they can carry immune 'messages' that help train other immune cells to recognize and respond to specific germs.
Researchers think they may influence cell-mediated immunity, the part of the immune system that uses cells (rather than antibodies) to fight viruses, fungi, and some bacteria. Some lab studies suggest they may help immune cells communicate and become more active.
Much of this understanding comes from laboratory and animal research, plus older clinical work. The exact way the supplement versions work in people, and whether they survive digestion to have any effect, is not fully proven.
Does Transfer Factor work?
How to read these evidence grades
Natural Medicines’ 7-point scale. We show each rating’s label word-for-word.
Possibly Effective Herpes zoster (shingles)
Administering transfer factor subcutaneously seems to prevent varicella-zoster in children with leukemia. A single subcutaneous treatment with human-derived transfer factor prepared from donors with varicella-zoster antibodies seems to almost completely protect nonimmune children with acute lymphocytic leukemia against varicella-zoster infection. However, the same treatment does not seem to prevent recurrent varicella-zoster infection or restore immunity in people receiving bone marrow transplant for leukemia.
Possibly Ineffective Lung cancer
Most research shows that administering human-derived transfer factor intramuscularly or subcutaneously, in combination with lung resection and chemotherapy, does not increase survival in patients with lung cancer. However, some preliminary evidence suggests that transfer factor might improve survival in lung cancer patients with Stage IIIA or IIIB disease.
Possibly Ineffective Melanoma
Administering human-derived transfer factor intramuscularly or subcutaneously, as adjuvant therapy, does not seem to affect disease progression or prolong survival when used for up to 2 years following surgery for Stage I and Stage II melanoma.
Possibly Ineffective Multiple sclerosis (MS)
Most research suggests that transfer factor given subcutaneously does not improve disease progression in people with MS. While some research suggests that transfer factor might slow disease progression in people with mild to moderate symptoms, a positive effect is seen only after 18 months to 2 years of therapy.
Also studied for 20 conditions — evidence insufficient to rate
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Acne
Preliminary clinical research suggests that subcutaneous injection of whole or fractionated human-derived transfer factor once weekly for 2 weeks does not improve acne in patients with acne vulgaris.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, Lou Gehrig's disease)
Preliminary clinical research shows that once monthly injections with human-derived transfer factor from healthy donors does not affect the course of ALS.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Cervical cancer
Preliminary clinical research suggests that administering transfer factor subcutaneously, once monthly for 2 years, significantly reduces the risk of recurrence after surgery and irradiation compared to placebo in patients with invasive cervical cancer.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)
Transfer factor, obtained from relatives or other human donors, does not seem to improve CFS symptoms when administered intramuscularly biweekly, either alone or in combination with cognitive behavioral therapy. However, some preliminary clinical evidence suggests that taking transfer factor orally improves symptoms in some patients with CFS.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Crohn disease
Preliminary clinical research suggests that administering transfer factor intramuscularly does not improve clinical condition compared to placebo in patients with Crohn's disease.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Genital herpes
One preliminary clinical study in patients with recurrent genital herpes shows that taking herpes simplex virus (HSV)-specific transfer factor orally reduces relapse indices from 56.3 to 28.2 compared to baseline. Another preliminary clinical study in patients with severe recurrent genital herpes or other recurrent herpes infections shows that receiving transfer factor subcutaneously may reduce the frequency or severity of recurrence in some patients.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Hepatitis B
Some preliminary clinical evidence suggests that transfer factor derived from patients with acute hepatitis B, given intramuscularly, might be useful for treating chronic active hepatitis B infection. Other preliminary clinical research shows that transfer factor derived from patients with acute hepatitis B, given subcutaneously, does not improve biochemical parameters in patients with chronic active hepatitis B infection.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Herpes keratitis
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Herpes labialis (cold sores)
One preliminary clinical study in patients with recurrent herpes labialis shows that taking herpes simplex virus (HSV)-specific transfer factor orally reduces relapse indices from 68.7 to 12.9 compared to baseline. Another preliminary clinical study in patients with severe recurrent herpes labials or other recurrent herpes infections shows that receiving transfer factor subcutaneously may reduce the frequency or severity of recurrence in some patients.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate HIV/AIDS
Preliminary clinical research shows that taking HIV-1-specific transfer factor orally for 15 days and then once weekly for 6 months along with zidovudine is no more effective than zidovudine alone for improving hematological parameters and clinical progression in HIV-1 infected patients with asymptomatic disease, persistent generalized lymphadenopathy, or AIDS-related complex.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Hodgkin lymphoma
Preliminary clinical research shows that administering transfer factor subcutaneously once every 3 months for 21 months does not reduce the incidence of infections compared to placebo in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Human papillomavirus (HPV)
Preliminary clinical research shows that taking transfer factor orally every 72 hours for 4 weeks resolves symptoms in 90% of women and results in normal colposcopy images in 89% of women with chronic cervicitis due to HPV infection. Women taking the placebo had no improvement in symptoms. Other preliminary clinical research shows that taking transfer factor orally for 5 weeks, while also using it topically every 72 hours for the first 2 weeks, repeating every 3 months if a persistent lesion was found, at least doubles the number of patients free of cervical lesions related to HPV infection after 2 years when compared to treatment with cryo- or electro-surgery. However, transfer factor given subcutaneously does not seem to improve wart regression in patients with HPV.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Intestinal parasite infection
There is some preliminary evidence that oral transfer factor weekly for up to 3 months might be beneficial for people with cryptosporidiosis related to AIDS. Transfer factor from bovine sources seems to improve stool frequency and help eradicate oocysts in some patients.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Leishmania lesions
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Leukemia
Preliminary clinical research shows that administering transfer factor subcutaneously reduces time to neutrophil and leukocyte count recovery compared to control in patients with acute leukemia.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Mycosis fungoides
Preliminary clinical research shows that administering transfer factor intramuscularly once weekly for one year does not improve clinical status compared to placebo in patients with mycosis fungoides.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Nasopharyngeal cancer
There is conflicting evidence about the effects of using transfer factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. One case report suggests that administering transfer factor with specific activity against Epstein-Barr virus intramuscularly improves survival in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, while other research shows that it does not.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Osteosarcoma
Preliminary clinical research suggests that administering human-derived transfer factor subcutaneously does not reduce tumor recurrence or improve survival in patients with resected, nonmetastatic osteosarcoma.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Prostate cancer
Preliminary clinical evidence suggests that 2-5 units of transfer factor, given intramuscularly once monthly, might improve disease progression in patients with hormone-resistant, metastatic prostate cancer.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
Preliminary clinical research suggests that transfer factor, given subcutaneously, does not provide therapeutic benefit to patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
Source & disclaimer. Effectiveness ratings and evidence summaries are provided by Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) and shown as licensed. Where Natural Medicines hasn’t rated a use, HelloPharmacist’s pharmacists may add their own reviewed rating and evidence (each such entry is labeled). This is educational information, not medical advice — talk with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or changing a supplement.
Safety & precautions
In studies, transfer factor preparations have generally been well tolerated, but the long-term safety of the supplements is not well studied. Quality and purity can vary a lot between brands, and supplements are not tightly regulated.
People with autoimmune conditions or those taking medicines that affect the immune system should be especially cautious, since anything that changes immune activity could theoretically cause problems. If you have an immune disorder, a transplant, or cancer, talk to your doctor first.
Because the products come from cow or egg sources, people with dairy or egg allergies should avoid them or read labels very carefully. For pregnancy and breastfeeding, there is not enough safety information, so it is best to avoid transfer factor supplements during these times.
Side effects
When side effects occur, they are usually mild. Reported effects include upset stomach, nausea, or other digestive complaints. Some people may notice mild flu-like feelings when starting.
Because the products are made from cow colostrum or egg yolk, allergic reactions are possible, especially in people sensitive to dairy or eggs. Stop use and seek medical help if you have hives, swelling, or trouble breathing.
Serious side effects appear to be uncommon in the available studies, but because long-term and large-scale data are lacking, the full safety picture is not clear.
Transfer Factor: Reported Adverse Effects
Documented safety reports on Transfer Factor from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database, shown word-for-word from the licensed record.
Orally or parenterally, transfer factor seems to be well tolerated. Adverse effects may include fever. Parenterally, transfer factor can cause nausea, fatigue, and tenderness, pain, and swelling at the injection site. Orally, severe acne has been reported.
There is some concern that bovine-derived transfer factor that is produced from cows in countries where bovine spongiform encephalitis (BSE) has been reported might be contaminated with diseased tissue. Countries where BSE has been reported include Great Britain, France, the Netherlands, Portugal, Luxembourg, Ireland, Switzerland, Oman, and Belgium. However, there have been no reports of BSE transfer to humans from contaminated transfer factor products. Until more is known, tell patients to avoid these products unless country of origin can be determined. Patients should avoid products that are produced in countries where BSE has been found.
- Jones JF, Minnich LL, Jeter WS, et al. Treatment of childhood combined Epstein-Barr virus/cytomegalovirus infection with oral bovine transfer factor. Lancet 1981;2:122-4.
- Louie E, Borkowsky W, Klesius PH, et al. Treatment of cryptosporidiosis with oral bovine transfer factor. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1987;44:329-34.
- Fudenberg HH. Transfer factor: past, present and future. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 1989;29:475-516.
- Miller LL, Spitler LE, Allen RE, Minor DR. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of transfer factor as adjuvant therapy for malignant melanoma. Cancer 1988;61:1543-9.
- Bukowski RM, Deodhar S, Hewlett JS, Greenstreet R. Randomized controlled trial of transfer factor in Stage II malignant melanoma. Cancer 1983;51:269-72.
- Lloyd AR, Hickie I, Brockman A, et al. Immunologic and psychologic therapy for patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Med 1993;94:197-203.
- Spitler LE. Transfer factor therapy in the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Results of long-term follow-up in 32 patients. Am J Med 1979;67:59-66.
- Roda E, Viza D, Pizza G, et al. Transfer factor for the treatment of HBsAg-positive chronic active hepatitis. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1985;178:468-75.
- Basten A, McLeod JG, Pollard JD, et al. Transfer factor in treatment of multiple sclerosis. Lancet 1980;2:931-4.
- Fog T, Pedersen L, Raun NE, et al. Long-term transfer-factor treatment for multiple sclerosis. Lancet 1978;1:851-3.
- Iseki, M., Aoyama, T., Koizumi, Y., Ojima, T., Murase, Y., and Osano, M. [Effects of transfer factor on chronic hepatitis B in childhood]. Kansenshogaku Zasshi 1989;63(12):1329-1332.
- Corrado, F., Pizza, G., De, Vinci C., and Corrado, G. [Immunotherapy with transfer factor in hormone-resistant metastasized carcinoma of the prostate]. Arch.Esp.Urol. 1989;42 Suppl 2:191-196.
- Hoyeraal, H. M., Froland, S. S., Salvesen, C. F., Munthe, E., Natvig, J. B., Kass, E., Blichfeldt, P., Hegna, T. M., Revlem, E., Sandstad, B., and Hjort, N. L. No effect of transfer factor in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis by double-blind trial. Ann.Rheum
- Ashorn, R. G., Rasanen, L., Marnela, K. M., and Krohn, K. J. Human transfer factor in vitro. II. Augmentation of the secretion of leucocyte migration inhibitory factor (LIF) by leucocyte dialysate and by its components L-serine and glycine. Clin.Exp.Immu
- Shulman, S. T., Hutto, J. H., Jr., Ayoub, E. M., Howlett, S. A., Scott, B., and McGuigan, J. E. A double-blind evaluation of transfer factor therapy of HBsAg-positive chronic aggressive hepatitis: preliminary report of efficacy. Cell Immunol. 3-15-1979;4
- Lamoureux, G., Cosgrove, J., Duquette, P., Lapierre, Y., Jolicoeur, R., and Vanderland, F. A clinical and immunological study of the effects of transfer factor on multiple sclerosis patients. Clin.Exp.Immunol. 1981;43(3):557-564.
- Fernandez, O., Diaz, N., Morales, E., Toledo, J., Hernandez, E., Rojas, S., Madriz, X., and Lopez, Saura P. Effect of transfer factor on myelosuppression and related morbidity induced by chemotherapy in acute leukaemias. Br.J.Haematol. 1993;84(3):423-427
- De Vinci, C., Levine, P. H., Pizza, G., Fudenberg, H. H., Orens, P., Pearson, G., and Viza, D. Lessons from a pilot study of transfer factor in chronic fatigue syndrome. Biotherapy 1996;9(1-3):87-90.
- Lewis CJ. Letter to reiterate certain public health and safety concerns to firms manufacturing or importing dietary supplements that contain specific bovine tissues. FDA. Available at: www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/dspltr05.html.
Acne Dermatologic
Orally, transfer factor may cause severe acne in some patients.
Encephalitis Other
Orally or parenterally, transfer factor may cause fever.
There is some concern that bovine-derived transfer factor that is produced from cows in countries where bovine spongiform encephalitis (BSE) has been reported might be contaminated with diseased tissue. Countries where BSE has been reported include Great Britain, France, the Netherlands, Portugal, Luxembourg, Ireland, Switzerland, Oman, and Belgium. However, there have been no reports of BSE transfer to humans from contaminated transfer factor products. Until more is known, tell patients to avoid these products unless country of origin can be determined. Patients should avoid products that are produced in countries where BSE has been found.
- Fudenberg HH. Transfer factor: past, present and future. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 1989;29:475-516.
- Thestrup-Pedersen, K., Grunnet, E., and Zachariae, H. Transfer factor therapy in mycosis fungoides: a double-blind study. Acta Derm.Venereol. 1982;62(1):47-53.
- Fernandez, O., Diaz, N., Morales, E., Toledo, J., Hernandez, E., Rojas, S., Madriz, X., and Lopez, Saura P. Effect of transfer factor on myelosuppression and related morbidity induced by chemotherapy in acute leukaemias. Br.J.Haematol. 1993;84(3):423-427
- Lewis CJ. Letter to reiterate certain public health and safety concerns to firms manufacturing or importing dietary supplements that contain specific bovine tissues. FDA. Available at: www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/dspltr05.html.
Fatigue Neurologic/CNS
Parenterally, fatigue has been reported for up to 4 hours in a patient using transfer factor.
Nausea and vomiting Gastrointestinal
Parenterally, nausea has been reported in a patient following treatment with transfer factor
Pain Musculoskeletal
Parenterally, transfer factor may cause tenderness, pain, and swelling at the injection site.
- Miller LL, Spitler LE, Allen RE, Minor DR. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of transfer factor as adjuvant therapy for malignant melanoma. Cancer 1988;61:1543-9.
- Lloyd AR, Hickie I, Brockman A, et al. Immunologic and psychologic therapy for patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Med 1993;94:197-203.
- Fog T, Pedersen L, Raun NE, et al. Long-term transfer-factor treatment for multiple sclerosis. Lancet 1978;1:851-3.
- Fernandez, O., Diaz, N., Morales, E., Toledo, J., Hernandez, E., Rojas, S., Madriz, X., and Lopez, Saura P. Effect of transfer factor on myelosuppression and related morbidity induced by chemotherapy in acute leukaemias. Br.J.Haematol. 1993;84(3):423-427
Adverse-effects data: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center
Dosing
There is no official or standardized dose for transfer factor supplements. Because products differ in how they are made and how concentrated they are, the right amount is hard to define.
The safest approach is to follow the directions on the product label and not exceed the recommended amount. Doses are usually given in capsules or grams of powder rather than a precise active ingredient.
Before starting, check with your pharmacist or doctor, especially if you have any health conditions or take other medicines. They can help you decide if a product is appropriate and reasonable.
Transfer Factor & Pregnancy
Transfer Factor & Breastfeeding
© 2026 Therapeutic Research Center
Pregnancy & lactation ratings: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center
References & further reading
The 49 references that drive our Transfer Factor monograph and interaction data, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Citations with a link open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
- Jones JF, Minnich LL, Jeter WS, et al. Treatment of childhood combined Epstein-Barr virus/cytomegalovirus infection with oral bovine transfer factor. Lancet 1981;2:122-4. PubMed
- Steele RW, Myers MG, Vincent MM. Transfer factor for the prevention of varicella-zoster infection in childhood leukemia. N Engl J Med 1980;303:355-9. PubMed
- Louie E, Borkowsky W, Klesius PH, et al. Treatment of cryptosporidiosis with oral bovine transfer factor. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1987;44:329-34. PubMed
- McMeeking A, Borkowsky W, Klesius PH, et al. A controlled trial of bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract for cryptosporidiosis in patients with AIDS. J Infect Dis 1990;161:108-12. PubMed
- Fudenberg HH. Transfer factor: past, present and future. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 1989;29:475-516. PubMed
- Lewis CJ. Letter to reiterate certain public health and safety concerns to firms manufacturing or importing dietary supplements that contain specific bovine tissues. FDA. Available at: www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/dspltr05.html.
- Miller LL, Spitler LE, Allen RE, Minor DR. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of transfer factor as adjuvant therapy for malignant melanoma. Cancer 1988;61:1543-9. PubMed
- Bukowski RM, Deodhar S, Hewlett JS, Greenstreet R. Randomized controlled trial of transfer factor in Stage II malignant melanoma. Cancer 1983;51:269-72. PubMed
- Bowden RA, Siegel MS, Steele RW, et al. Immunologic and clinical responses to varicella-zoster virus-specific transfer factor following marrow ransplantation. J Infect Dis 1985;152:1324-7.
- Sharma MK, Anaraki F, Ala F. Preliminary results of transfer factor therapy of persistant cutaneous leishmania infection. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1979;12:183-90. PubMed
- Whyte RI, Schork MA, Sloan H, et al. Adjuvant treatment using transfer factor for bronchogenic carcinoma: long-term follow-up. Ann Thorac Surg 1992;53:391-6. PubMed
- Lloyd AR, Hickie I, Brockman A, et al. Immunologic and psychologic therapy for patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Med 1993;94:197-203. PubMed
- Spitler LE. Transfer factor therapy in the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Results of long-term follow-up in 32 patients. Am J Med 1979;67:59-66.
- Roda E, Viza D, Pizza G, et al. Transfer factor for the treatment of HBsAg-positive chronic active hepatitis. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1985;178:468-75. PubMed
- Basten A, McLeod JG, Pollard JD, et al. Transfer factor in treatment of multiple sclerosis. Lancet 1980;2:931-4. PubMed
- Fog T, Pedersen L, Raun NE, et al. Long-term transfer-factor treatment for multiple sclerosis. Lancet 1978;1:851-3. PubMed
- Fujisawa T, Yamaguchi Y, Kimura H, et al. Adjuvant immunotherapy of primary resected lung cancer with transfer factor. Cancer 1984;54:663-9. PubMed
- Delgado O, Romano EL, Belfort E, et al. Dialyzable leukocyte extract therapy in immunodepressed patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1981;19:351-9. PubMed
- Stevens, D. A., Ferrington, R. A., Merigan, T. C., and Marinkovich, V. A. Randomized trial of transfer factor treatment of human warts. Clin.Exp.Immunol. 1975;21(3):520-524.
- Iseki, M., Aoyama, T., Koizumi, Y., Ojima, T., Murase, Y., and Osano, M. [Effects of transfer factor on chronic hepatitis B in childhood]. Kansenshogaku Zasshi 1989;63(12):1329-1332. PubMed
- Corrado, F., Pizza, G., De, Vinci C., and Corrado, G. [Immunotherapy with transfer factor in hormone-resistant metastasized carcinoma of the prostate]. Arch.Esp.Urol. 1989;42 Suppl 2:191-196.
- No author. Interferon-alpha and transfer factor in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. AUSTIMS Research Group. J.Neurol.Neurosurg.Psychiatry 1989;52(5):566-574. PubMed
- Ashorn, R., Uotila, A., Kuokkanen, K., Rasanen, L., Karhumaki, E., and Krohn, K. Cellular immunity in acne vulgaris during transfer factor treatment. Ann.Clin.Res. 1985;17(4):152-155.
- Goldenberg, G. J., Brandes, L. J., Lau, W. H., Miller, A. B., Wall, C., and Ho, J. H. Cooperative trial of immunotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma with transfer factor from donors with Epstein-Barr virus antibody activity. Cancer Treat.Rep. 1985;69(7-
- Hancock, B. W., Bruce, L., Sokol, R. J., and Clark, A. Transfer factor in Hodgkin's disease: a randomized clinical and immunological study. Eur.J.Cancer Clin.Oncol. 1988;24(5):929-933. PubMed
- Miller, L. L., Spitler, L. E., Allen, R. E., and Minor, D. R. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of transfer factor as adjuvant therapy for malignant melanoma. Cancer 4-15-1988;61(8):1543-1549. PubMed
- Wagner, G., Knapp, W., Gitsch, E., and Selander, S. Transfer factor for adjuvant immunotherapy in cervical cancer. Cancer Detect.Prev.Suppl 1987;1:373-376.
- Gilchrist, G. S., Ivins, J. C., Ritts, R. E., Jr., Pritchard, D. J., Taylor, W. F., and Edmonson, J. M. Adjuvant therapy for nonmetastatic osteogenic sarcoma: an evaluation of transfer factor versus combination chemotherapy. Cancer Treat.Rep. 1978;62(2):
- Hoyeraal, H. M., Froland, S. S., Salvesen, C. F., Munthe, E., Natvig, J. B., Kass, E., Blichfeldt, P., Hegna, T. M., Revlem, E., Sandstad, B., and Hjort, N. L. No effect of transfer factor in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis by double-blind trial. Ann.Rheum
- Vicary, F. R., Chambers, J. D., and Dhillon, P. Double-blind trial of the use of transfer factor in the treatment of Crohn's disease. Gut 1979;20(5):408-413. PubMed
- Ashorn, R. G., Rasanen, L., Marnela, K. M., and Krohn, K. J. Human transfer factor in vitro. II. Augmentation of the secretion of leucocyte migration inhibitory factor (LIF) by leucocyte dialysate and by its components L-serine and glycine. Clin.Exp.Immu
- Olarte, M. R., Gersten, J. C., Zabriskie, J., and Rowland, L. P. Transfer factor is ineffective in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann.Neurol. 1979;5(4):385-388. PubMed
- Shulman, S. T., Hutto, J. H., Jr., Ayoub, E. M., Howlett, S. A., Scott, B., and McGuigan, J. E. A double-blind evaluation of transfer factor therapy of HBsAg-positive chronic aggressive hepatitis: preliminary report of efficacy. Cell Immunol. 3-15-1979;4 PubMed
- Ellis-Pegler, R., Sutherland, D. C., Douglas, R., Woodfield, D. G., and Wilson, J. D. Transfer factor and hepatitis B: a double blind study. Clin.Exp.Immunol. 1979;36(2):221-226.
- Thestrup-Pedersen, K., Grunnet, E., and Zachariae, H. Transfer factor therapy in mycosis fungoides: a double-blind study. Acta Derm.Venereol. 1982;62(1):47-53. DOI
- Fujisawa, T., Yamaguchi, Y., Kimura, H., Arita, M., Shiba, M., and Baba, M. Randomized controlled trial of transfer factor immunochemotherapy as an adjunct to surgical treatment for primary adenocarcinoma of the lung. Jpn.J.Surg. 1984;14(6):452-458. PubMed
- Lamoureux, G., Cosgrove, J., Duquette, P., Lapierre, Y., Jolicoeur, R., and Vanderland, F. A clinical and immunological study of the effects of transfer factor on multiple sclerosis patients. Clin.Exp.Immunol. 1981;43(3):557-564.
- Pizza, G., Meduri, R., De, Vinci C., Scorolli, L., and Viza, D. Transfer factor prevents relapses in herpes keratitis patients: a pilot study. Biotherapy 1994;8(1):63-68. PubMed
- Fernandez, O., Diaz, N., Morales, E., Toledo, J., Hernandez, E., Rojas, S., Madriz, X., and Lopez, Saura P. Effect of transfer factor on myelosuppression and related morbidity induced by chemotherapy in acute leukaemias. Br.J.Haematol. 1993;84(3):423-427 PubMed
- Raise, E., Guerra, L., Viza, D., Pizza, G., De, Vinci C., Schiattone, M. L., Rocaccio, L., Cicognani, M., and Gritti, F. Preliminary results in HIV-1-infected patients treated with transfer factor (TF) and zidovudine (ZDV). Biotherapy 1996;9(1-3):49-54. PubMed
- Meduri, R., Campos, E., Scorolli, L., De, Vinci C., Pizza, G., and Viza, D. Efficacy of transfer factor in treating patients with recurrent ocular herpes infections. Biotherapy 1996;9(1-3):61-66. PubMed
- Pizza, G., Viza, D., De, Vinci C., Palareti, A., Cuzzocrea, D., Fornarola, V., and Baricordi, R. Orally administered HSV-specific transfer factor (TF) prevents genital or labial herpes relapses. Biotherapy 1996;9(1-3):67-72. PubMed
- Byston, J., Cech, K., Pekarek, J., and Jilkova, J. Effect of anti-herpes specific transfer factor. Biotherapy 1996;9(1-3):73-75. PubMed
- De Vinci, C., Levine, P. H., Pizza, G., Fudenberg, H. H., Orens, P., Pearson, G., and Viza, D. Lessons from a pilot study of transfer factor in chronic fatigue syndrome. Biotherapy 1996;9(1-3):87-90. PubMed
- Prasad, U., bin Jalaludin, M. A., Rajadurai, P., Pizza, G., De, Vinci C., Viza, D., and Levine, P. H. Transfer factor with anti-EBV activity as an adjuvant therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a pilot study. Biotherapy 1996;9(1-3):109-115. PubMed
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- Pizza, G., De, Vinci C., Cuzzocrea, D., Menniti, D., Aiello, E., Maver, P., Corrado, G., Romagnoli, P., Dragoni, E., LoConte, G., Riolo, U., Palareti, A., Zucchelli, P., Fornarola, V., and Viza, D. A preliminary report on the use of transfer factor for t
- Acosta-Rios MP, Sauer-Ramírez E, Castro-Muñoz LJ, et al. Effect of dialyzable leukocyte extract on chronic cervicitis in patients with HPV infection. J Med Life. 2017;10(4):237-243.
- Rodriguez-Flores A, Nuñez-Fernandez G, Estrada-Garcia I, et al. Adjuvant treatment with a dialyzable leukocytes extract contributes to maintain HPV-infected women free of low-grade cervical lesions. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 2015;36(6):655-61.
This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC
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