Berry Frutol Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by Pharmax
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Berry Frutol against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Berry Frutol is a dietary supplement by Pharmax with 9 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for antioxidant support, heart and blood vessel health, blood pressure support.Based on those ingredients, 1,119 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Chokeberry, Apple, Bilberry. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Berry Frutol by Pharmax
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Berry Frutol by Pharmax — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Berry Frutol by Pharmax
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Berry Frutol is a liquid supplement with 8 active ingredients. The product contains omega-3 fatty acids—eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid—plus a blend of berry extracts: chokeberry, elderberry, black currant, and bilberry.
It also includes apple and anthocyanins (antioxidant compounds found in the berries). The remaining ingredients are inactive fillers and flavoring agents—pineapple, orange, corn starch, fructose, water, mango, banana, alginate, vanilla, vitamin E (tocopherols), gum, and potassium sorbate as a preservative.
Does it work?
Not established
The evidence for what this product actually does is thin. Chokeberry is rated possibly ineffective for cardiovascular disease.
Bilberry's use for night vision is also rated possibly ineffective. For the other potential uses covered in our data—age-related cognitive decline, macular degeneration, athletic performance, cancer prevention, respiratory infections, allergies, and others—there isn't enough reliable evidence to rate whether the berries or apple work.
We hold insufficient data to say this supplement is effective for any specific health condition.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
The berry ingredients in this product—chokeberry, elderberry, bilberry, and black currant—are generally well tolerated when properly prepared, but supplement safety at concentrated doses hasn't been thoroughly studied. Chokeberry and bilberry may cause constipation, diarrhea, nausea, or stomach cramps in some people; in small clinical studies, roughly 14% to 53% of users reported gastrointestinal upset, depending on the dose and duration.
Bilberry may discolor your stool and tongue dark blue or black. Apple is safe as a food, though apple seeds contain cyanide and should not be consumed in large amounts.
For pregnancy, the data on individual berries is mixed: bilberry is rated likely safe, and apple as a food is considered safe in pregnancy. Elderberry, however, carries insufficient safety information, so it's best to avoid elderberry supplements during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
No pregnancy or lactation data is on file for chokeberry or black currant supplements.
Meds to double-check
Major interaction found
Double-check this product if you take organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) substrates—fexofenadine, atenolol, or aliskiren—as apple in this formula can cut their blood levels in half or more (Major severity). Also verify if you use anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs like warfarin or aspirin (Moderate—chokeberry, elderberry, and bilberry all increase bleeding risk), antidiabetes drugs (Moderate—chokeberry and bilberry may lower blood sugar), blood pressure medications, immunosuppressants, cancer drugs (particularly trabectedin or erlotinib), lithium, or phenothiazines.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
If you take blood thinners, diabetes medications, blood pressure drugs, or cancer medications, talk to your pharmacist before using this product—the berry and apple content poses real risks. People on immunosuppressants or antipsychotics should also check first.
For otherwise healthy people not on these medications, the berries are generally tolerated, but long-term safety isn't well established.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 5 of 8 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Dec 26, 2020.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Berry Frutol, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Pharmax |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 88319620820 |
| Net contents | 10.1 Fluid Ounce(s); 300 mL |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Dec 26, 2020 |
| DSLD ID | 238900 |
| Product type | Botanical With Nutrients |
| Supplement form | Liquid |
| Dietary claims / uses | Nutrient, All Other |
| Intended target group(s) | Children 4 or More Years of Age, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Children more than 1 but less than 4 |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Berry Frutol by Pharmax, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Calories | 40 Calorie(s) | -- |
| Total Carbohydrates | 4 Gram(s) | 1% |
| Sugar | 2 Gram(s) | -- |
| Calories from Fat | 25 Calorie(s) | -- |
| Eicosapentaenoic Acid | 500 mg | -- |
| Docosahexaenoic Acid | 375 mg | -- |
| Saturated Fat | 0.5 Gram(s) | 2% |
| Cholesterol | 25 mg | 9% |
| Total Fat | 2.5 Gram(s) | 4% |
| Total Omega-3 Fatty Acids | 1200 mg | -- |
| Chokeberry | 0 NP | -- |
| Elderberry | 0 NP | -- |
| Black Currant | 0 NP | -- |
| Bilberry | 0 NP | -- |
| Other Omega-3 Fatty Acids | 0 NP | -- |
| Anthocyanins | 30 mg | -- |
| Apple | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: concentrated Pineapple, concentrated Orange, modified Corn Starch, Fructose, purified Water, Mango, Banana, Hydroxypropyl Alginate, Pineapple flavor, Vanilla flavor, Mixed Tocopherols, Acacia Gum, Potassium Sorbate
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formula
NEO-3 process utilizes lipase enzymes to enrich EPA and DHA concentrations, while virtually eliminating contaminants, and helps to deliver a clean taste.
Emulsified fish oil with tropical fruits & forest berries
Each serving contains total anthocyanins equivalent to 1/4 cup (56 g) of fresh berries
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Recommended intake: Adults, adolescents and children (1 year and older): Two teaspoons taken with a meal or as professionally directed. Can be taken in water or juice or directly into the mouth.
Shake well before each use.
Precautions
Risk information: Consult your healthcare practitioner prior to use if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, taking any medication, or have any health condition.
Vacuum-sealed for your protection and for product freshness. Do not use if outer seal is missing or broken.
Keep out of reach of children.
Storage
Refrigerate after opening.
Brand IP Statement(s)
NEO-3 is the registered trade mark of NSJL Limited, used under license.
FDA Statement of Identity
Essential Fatty Acid Supplement
Seals/Symbols
Natural Triglyceride Form Quality Tested
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Berry Frutol by Pharmax label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Berry Frutol by Pharmax
These are the 9 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size10 mL Dosage formLiquid Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Sugar
Eicosapentaenoic Acid
Docosahexaenoic Acid
Total Omega-3 Fatty Acids
- › Other Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Anthocyanins
- › Chokeberry
- › Elderberry
- › Black Currant
- › Bilberry
- › Apple
Other (inactive) ingredients: Concentrated Pineapple, Concentrated Orange, Modified Corn Starch, Fructose, Purified Water, Mango, Banana, Hydroxypropyl Alginate, Pineapple flavor, Vanilla flavor, Mixed Tocopherols, Acacia Gum, Potassium Sorbate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Berry Frutol by Pharmax Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Berry Frutol by Pharmax contains several ingredients with documented interactions with medications.
Apple—present in this liquid formula—carries the most serious concern: it can significantly reduce blood levels of OATP substrates (organic anion-transporting polypeptide substrates), a Major severity interaction. This includes fexofenadine (Allegra), atenolol (Tenormin), and aliskiren (Tekturna), where apple juice has been shown in studies to lower drug levels by 58% to 82%.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Chokeberry, elderberry, and bilberry all interact with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs (blood thinners and aspirin-like medications) at Moderate severity—each can theoretically increase bleeding risk. Chokeberry and bilberry also interact with antidiabetes drugs at Moderate severity, with a risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).
Additionally, chokeberry may raise levels of certain cancer medications metabolized by CYP3A4 (including trabectedin), and bilberry may reduce the effectiveness of erlotinib, another cancer drug. Elderberry can interfere with immunosuppressants and has been reported to interact with pazopanib, a cancer medication.
Black currant seed oil interacts with antiplatelet drugs at Moderate severity and with phenothiazines (antipsychotic medications) with a theoretical seizure risk. Apple also interacts with antihypertensive drugs (blood pressure medications), antidiabetes drugs, and lithium at Moderate severity.
Altogether, these interactions span 1,104 individual medications.
We could not check eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, other omega-3 fatty acids, or anthocyanins (a group ingredient) for interactions. Please use the medication checker on this page to verify your exact prescriptions before starting this product.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Berry Frutol?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Berry Frutol interact with 1,119 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
5 of the 9 ingredients in Berry Frutol interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Chokeberry Apple Bilberry Black Currant Elderberry
Acetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Berry Frutol — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionBlack CurrantAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black currant seed oil might increase the risk of bleeding if used in combination with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Black Currant + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionChokeberryAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ChokeberryAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionBilberryAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionBlack CurrantAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black currant seed oil might increase the risk of bleeding if used in combination with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Black Currant + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, ButalbitalAxocet, Bancap, Bucet, Butex Forte, Esgic CF, Orbivan CF +5 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital interacts with Berry Frutol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionBilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Berry Frutol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionBilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionBilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionBilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionBilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, DextromethorphanCoricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan HydrobromideCoricidin HBP Maximum Strength Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionBilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PhenylpropanolamineMulti Symptom Cold Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PseudoephedrineChildren's Tylenol Cold Plus Cough, Tylenol Cold Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionBilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic GG
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylephrineAlka-Seltzer PLUS, Histex SR, Protid
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic, Rhinogesic JR
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionBilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineAlumadrine, Conex, Sinadrin Max Strength, Sinulin
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, OpiumHista-Derfule
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interactionChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, PhenyltoloxamineNorel Plus
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interactionBilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PseudoephedrineAlka-Seltzer PLUS Liquid Gels, Children's Tylenol Cold, Codimal, Comtrex, Extra Strength Tylenol Allergy Sinus, Lorsin +3 more
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionChokeberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, ChlorzoxazoneAcetazone Forte, Extra Strength Tylenol Aches & Strains, Parafon Forte
How Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone interacts with Berry Frutol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone, CodeineAcetazone Forte C8, Parafon Forte C8
How Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone, Codeine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, CodeineTylenol No.3, Tylenol w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Codeine interacts with Berry Frutol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BilberryCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Bilberry + Acetaminophen, Codeine interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Berry Frutol with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Chokeberry
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Clinical and in vitro research suggests that chokeberry extract can temporarily inhibit platelet aggregation and decrease clot formation.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Some clinical research shows that chokeberry decreases levels of blood glucose in some patients with diabetes. However, other clinical research suggests that chokeberry has no significant effect on blood glucose levels.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research shows that chokeberry inhibits CYP3A4. In humans, there is one case report of a drug interaction with trabectedin, a CYP3A4 substrate, which is hypothesized to have been caused by chokeberry inhibition of CYP3A4.
Trabectedin (Yondelis)
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase the effects and adverse effects of trabectedin.
In one case report, a patient drinking chokeberry juice developed rhabdomyolysis induced by trabectedin, a cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) substrate. It is possible that inhibition of CYP3A4 by chokeberry juice might have inhibited the metabolism of trabectedin and increased trabectedin levels in this patient.
Apple
Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide Substrates (Oatp)
Concomitant consumption of apple juice can significantly decrease oral absorption and blood levels of OATP substrates.
Research shows that consuming apple juice inhibits OATP, which reduces bioavailability of oral drugs that are substrates of OATP. Fexofenadine, atenolol, and aliskiren are substrates of OATP. Clinical research shows that coadministration of apple juice decreases bioavailability of fexofenadine by up to 78%, aliskiren by 63%, and atenolol by up to 82%. These effects appear to increase with larger quantities of apple juice. It is thought that apple juice might affect OATP for only a short time. Therefore, separating drug administration and consumption of apple juice by at least 4 hours might avoid this interaction.
Aliskiren (Tekturna, Rasilez)
Concomitant consumption of apple juice can significantly decrease oral absorption and blood levels of aliskiren.
Pharmacokinetic research shows that coadministration of apple juice 200 mL along with aliskiren 150 mg decreases the bioavailability of aliskiren by 63%. Apple juice seems to inhibit organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP), which is involved in drug uptake in the gut, liver, and kidney. It is thought that apple juice might affect OATP for only a short time. Therefore, separating drug administration and consumption of apple juice by at least 4 hours might avoid this interaction.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, consuming apple juice with antidiabetes drugs might interfere with blood glucose control.
Clinical research suggests that consuming apples or drinking apple juice can raise blood glucose levels, with the effects of drinking apple juice being more significant than consuming apples.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Consuming apple juice with antihypertensive drugs might interfere with blood pressure control.
Some clinical evidence suggests that consuming apple and cherry juice can increase blood pressure in elderly patients.
Atenolol (Tenormin)
Concomitant consumption of apple juice can significantly decrease oral absorption and blood levels of atenolol.
Pharmacokinetic research shows that coadministration of apple juice 600-1200 mL decreases levels of atenolol by 58% to 82% in a dose-dependent manner. Apple juice seems to inhibit organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP), which is involved in drug uptake in the gut, liver, and kidney. It is thought that apple juice might affect OATP for only a short time. Therefore, separating drug administration and consumption of apple juice by at least 4 hours might avoid this interaction.
Fexofenadine (Allegra)
Concomitant consumption of apple juice can significantly decrease oral absorption and blood levels of fexofenadine.
Pharmacokinetic research shows that coadministration of apple juice 400-1200 mL along with fexofenadine 60-120 mg decreases bioavailability of fexofenadine by up to 78%. Coadministration with smaller quantities of apple juice (150 mL or less) does not appear to affect the bioavailability of fexofenadine. Apple juice seems to inhibit organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP), which is involved in drug uptake in the gut, liver, and kidney. It is thought that apple juice might affect OATP for only a short time. Therefore, separating drug administration and consumption of apple juice by at least 4 hours might avoid this interaction.
Lithium
There is some concern that concomitant consumption of apple juice might decrease oral absorption and blood levels of lithium.
In one case report, a patient had an undetectable serum lithium level when lithium citrate was administered with apple juice. When lithium was administered with an alternative beverage, the lithium level became detectable and the patient demonstrated clinical improvement.
Bilberry
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro, animal, and clinical research suggest that anthocyanidin extracts from bilberry can inhibit platelet aggregation.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, bilberry leaf or fruit extract may increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Animal research suggests that bilberry leaf extract might have blood glucose-lowering activity. Also, one small clinical trial in patients with type 2 diabetes shows that taking bilberry fruit extract 470 mg as a single dose prior to an oral glucose tolerance test lowers plasma glucose levels when compared with placebo.
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (Cyp2E1) Substrates
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Animal research shows that exposure to small concentrations of bilberry extract in drinking water for around one month increased CYP2E1 activity by 31%. However, exposure over a 2-month period did not increase CYP2E1 activity. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Erlotinib (Tarceva)
Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might reduce the efficacy of erlotinib.
In vitro research suggests that bilberry fruit extract and its constituents, delphinidin and delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, inhibit the activity of erlotinib. This interaction has not been reported in humans.
Black Currant
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, black currant seed oil might increase the risk of bleeding if used in combination with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), a constituent of black currant seed oil, appears to have antiplatelet effects.
Phenothiazines
Theoretically, black currant seed oil might increase the risk of seizure in patients receiving phenothiazines.
Black currant seed oil contains gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). There is some concern that taking supplements containing GLA might cause seizures, or lower the seizure threshold, when taken with phenothiazines, although there is no evidence that black currant seed oil causes seizures. In one report, three patients with schizophrenia who had received phenothiazines developed EEG changes suggestive of temporal lobe epilepsy after starting treatment with GLA, although none experienced an actual seizure. In another report, two patients with schizophrenia who were stabilized on phenothiazines developed seizures when evening primrose 4 grams daily, which contains GLA, was added. One of these patients had a prior history of seizures.
Elderberry
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, elderberry might interfere with immunosuppressant therapy due to its immunostimulant activity.
Elderberry has immunostimulant activity, increasing the production of cytokines, including interleukin and tumor necrosis factor.
Pazopanib (Votrient)
Theoretically, elderberry might interact with pazopanib, potentially increasing the risk of adverse effects.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Berry Frutol, from the product label.
Pharmax
See all Pharmax products- Name
- Seroyal USA
- City
- Pittsburg
- State
- PA
- ZipCode
- 15275
- Phone Number
- 1-888-737-6925
Berry Frutol by Pharmax: Common Questions
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Berry Frutol is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Berry Frutol’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Chokeberry
Interacts with 811 drugsChokeberry (aronia) is a dark berry rich in antioxidants called polyphenols, and it's widely eaten as juice, jam, and supplements. Early research hints it may support heart health, blood pre...
Read the full Chokeberry monograph → Herb & supplement monographElderberry
Interacts with 121 drugsElderberry is a popular herbal supplement, mainly taken to help with colds and flu. Some small studies suggest it may modestly shorten cold or flu symptoms, but the evidence is limited and n...
Read the full Elderberry monograph → Herb & supplement monographBlack Currant
Interacts with 140 drugsBlack currant is a nutritious berry that is rich in vitamin C and antioxidants, and its seed oil contains the omega-6 fatty acid GLA. While it is enjoyed safely as a food and is popular as a...
Read the full Black Currant monograph → Herb & supplement monographBilberry
Interacts with 275 drugsBilberry is a blueberry-like fruit rich in antioxidant plant compounds called anthocyanins, and it has a long history of traditional use for eye health, circulation, and mild diarrhea. While...
Read the full Bilberry monograph → Herb & supplement monographApple
Interacts with 300 drugsApples are a nutritious whole food that provides fiber, vitamins, and antioxidant plant compounds, and eating them regularly fits well into a healthy diet. While research suggests apples may...
Read the full Apple monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Berry Frutol's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 50 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Chokeberry 8 references
- Sikora J, Broncel M, Markowicz M, Chalubinski M, Wojdan K, Mikiciuk-Olasik E. Short-term supplementation with Aronia melanocarpa extract improves platelet aggregation, clotting, and fibrinolysis in patients with metabolic syndrome. Eur J Nutr. 2012 Aug;51 PubMed
- Simeonov SB, Botushanov NP, Karahanian EB, Pavlova MB, Husianitis HK, Troev DM. Effects of Aronia melanocarpa juice as part of the dietary regimen in patients with diabetes mellitus. Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2002;44(3):20-3.
- Savikin K, Menkovic N, Zdunic G, Pljevljakusic D, Spasic S, Kardum N, Konic-Ristic A. Dietary supplementation with polyphenol-rich chokeberry juice improves skin morphology in cellulite. J Med Food. 2014 May;17(5):582-7. PubMed
- Bräunlich M, Christensen H, Johannesen S, Slimestad R, Wangensteen H, Malterud KE, Barsett H. In vitro inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 by Aronia melanocarpa constituents. Planta Med. 2013 Jan;79(2):137-41. PubMed
- Strippoli S, Lorusso V, Albano A, Guida M. Herbal-drug interaction induced rhabdomyolysis in a liposarcoma patient receiving trabectedin. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013 Jul 30;13:199. PubMed
- Ryszawa N, Kawczynska-Drózdz A, Pryjma J, Czesnikiewicz-Guzik M, Adamek-Guzik T, Naruszewicz M, Korbut R, Guzik TJ. Effects of novel plant antioxidants on platelet superoxide production and aggregation in atherosclerosis. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2006 Dec;57(
- Milutinovic M, Velickovic Radovanovic R, Savikin K, et al. Chokeberry juice supplementation in type 2 diabetic patients - impact on health status. J Appl Biomed 2019;17(4):218-224. PubMed
- Lackner S, Sconocchia T, Ziegler T, et al. Immunomodulatory effects of aronia juice polyphenols-results of a randomized placebo-controlled human intervention study and cell culture experiments. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022;11(7):1283. PubMed
Elderberry 6 references
- Barak V, Halperin T, Kalickman I. The effect of Sambucol, a black elderberry-based, natural product, on the production of human cytokines: I. Inflammatory cytokines. Eur Cytokine Netw 2001;12:290-6..
- Elderberry (Sambucus species). The Poison Plant Patch, Novia Scotia Museum, 2007. Available at: http://museum.gov.ns.ca/poison/?section=species&id=117 (Accessed 16 October 2009).
- European elder. Canadian Poisonous Plants Information System. Available at: http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/pp/ppack.jump?p_null=all&p_psn=121&p_type=all&p_sci=comm&p_x=px (Accessed 16 October 2009).
- Raus K, Pleschka S, Klein P, Schoop R, Fisher P. Effect of an echinacea-based hot drink versus oseltamivir in Influenza treatment: a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, multicenter, noninferiority clinical trial. . Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2015;20;77:6 PubMed
- Ramachandran A, Antala D, Pudasainee P, Panginikkod S, Gupta H. A Plausible Association Between the Use of Elderberry and Autoimmune Hepatitis. Cureus 2022;14(4):e24250. PubMed
- Agarwal N, Mangla A. Elderberry interaction with pazopanib in a patient with soft-tissue sarcoma: A case report and literature review. Mol Clin Oncol 2024;20(5):36. PubMed
Black Currant 6 references
- Guivernau M, Meza N, Barja P, Roman O. Clinical and experimental study on the long-term effect of dietary gamma-linolenic acid on plasma lipids, platelet aggregation, thromboxane formation, and prostacyclin production. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty A PubMed
- Fa-lin Z, Zhen-yu W, Yan H, et al. Efficacy of blackcurrant oil soft capsule, a Chinese herbal drug, in hyperlipidemia treatment. Phytother Res 2010;24 Suppl 2:S209-13. PubMed
- Holman CP and Bell AF. A trial of evening primrose oil in the treatment of chronic schizophrenia. J Orhtomolecular Psych 1983;12:302-304.
- Vaddadi KS. The use of gamma-linolenic acid and linoleic acid to differentiate between temporal lobe epilepsy and schizophrenia. Prostaglandins Med 1981;6(4):375-379. PubMed
- Norred, C. L. and Brinker, F. Potential coagulation effects of preoperative complementary and alternative medicines. Alt Ther 2001;7(6):58-67.
- Puri BK. The safety of evening primrose oil in epilepsy. Prostaglandins Leukotrienes Essential Fatty Acids 2007;77:101-3. PubMed
Bilberry 14 references
- Cignarella A, Nastasi M, Cavalli E, Puglisi L. Novel lipid-lowering properties of Vaccinium myrtillus L. leaves, a traditional antidiabetic treatment, in several models of rat dyslipidaemia: a comparison with ciprofibrate. Thromb Res 1996;84:311-22. PubMed
- Morazzoni P, Magistretti MJ. Activity of Myrtocyan, an anthosyanoside complex from Vaccinium myrtillus (VMA), on platelet aggregation and adhesiveness. Fitoterapia 1990;61:13-21.
- Erlund, I., Koli, R., Alfthan, G., Marniemi, J., Puukka, P., Mustonen, P., Mattila, P., and Jula, A. Favorable effects of berry consumption on platelet function, blood pressure, and HDL cholesterol. Am J Clin Nutr 2008;87(2):323-331. PubMed
- Hawrelak, J. A. and Myers, S. P. Effects of two natural medicine formulations on irritable bowel syndrome symptoms: a pilot study. J Altern Complement Med 2010;16(10):1065-1071. PubMed
- Morazzoni P and Magistretti MJ. Effects of Vaccinium myrtillus anthocyanosides on prostacyclin-like activity in rat arterial issue. Fitoterapia 1986;57:11-14.
- Pulliero G, Montin S, Bettini V, and et al. Ex vivo study of the inhibitory effects of Vaccinium myrtillus anthocyanosides on human platelet aggregation. Fitoterapia 1989;60:69-75.
- Bottecchia D. Preliminary report on the inhibitory effect of vaccinium myrtillus anthocyanosides on platelet aggregation and clot retraction. Fitoterapia 1987;48:3-8.
- Fdez, M., Zaragoza, F., and Alvarez, P. In vitro platelet aggregation effects of anthocyanosides of vaccinium myrtilus L. Anales de la Real Academia de Farmacia 1983;49:79-90.
- Biedermann L, Mwinyi J, Scharl M, Frei P, Zeitz J, Kullak-Ublick GA, et al. Bilberry ingestion improves disease activity in mild to moderate ulcerative colitis-an open pilot study. 2013 May;7(4):271-9. PubMed
- Hoggard N, Cruickshank M, Moar KM, Bestwick C, Holst J, Russell W, et al. A single supplement of a standardized bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) extract (36% wet weight anthocyanins) modifies glycaemic response in individuals with type 2 diabetes control
- Aichinger G, Pahlke G, Nagel LJ, Berger W, Marko D. Bilberry extract, its major phenolic compounds, and soy isoflavone genistein antagonize the cytostatic drug erlotinib in human epithelial cells. Food Funct 2016;7(8):3628-36.
- Prokop J, Lněničková K, Cibicek N, et al. Effect of bilberry extract (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) on drug-metabolizing enzymes in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2019;129:382-90. PubMed
- Chan SW, Chu TTW, Choi SW, Benzie IFF, Tomlinson B. Impact of short-term bilberry supplementation on glycemic control, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and antioxidant status in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Phytother Res 2021. Online ahead o PubMed
- Bøhn SK, Myhrstad MCW, Thoresen M, et al. Bilberry/red grape juice decreases plasma biomarkers of inflammation and tissue damage in aged men with subjective memory impairment -a randomized clinical trial. BMC Nutr 2021;7(1):75. PubMed
Apple 16 references
- The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
- Bailey DG, Dresser GK, Munoz C, et al. Reduction of fexofenadine bioavailability by fruit juices. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2001;69:P21.
- Rodriguez J, Crespo JF, Lopez-Rubio A, et al. Clinical cross-reactivity among foods of the Rosaceae family. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000;106:183-189. PubMed
- Greenblatt DJ. Analysis of drug interactions involving fruit beverages and organic anion-transporting polypeptides. J Clin Pharmacol 2009;49:1403-7. PubMed
- Bailey DG. Fruit juice inhibition of uptake transport: a new type of food-drug interaction. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2010;70:645-55. PubMed
- Kamath AV, Yao M, Zhang Y, Chong S. Effect of fruit juices on the oral bioavailability of fexofenadine in rats. J Pharm Sci 2005;94:233-9. PubMed
- Tapaninen T, Neuvonen PJ, Niemi M. Orange and apple juice greatly reduce the plasma concentrations of the OATP2B1 substrate aliskiren. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2011;71:718-26. PubMed
- Jeon H, Jang IJ, Lee S, et al. Apple juice greatly reduces systemic exposure to atenolol. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2012 May 11. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04324.x. [Epub ahead of print]. PubMed
- Visvanathan, R., Chen, R., Horowitz, M., and Chapman, I. Blood pressure responses in healthy older people to 50 g carbohydrate drinks with differing glycaemic effects. Br J Nutr 2004;92(2):335-340. PubMed
- Asp, N. G., Agardh, C. D., Ahren, B., Dencker, I., Johansson, C. G., Lundquist, I., Nyman, M., Sartor, G., and Schersten, B. Dietary fibre in type II diabetes. Acta Med Scand Suppl 1981;656:47-50. PubMed
- Akamine Y, Miura M, Komori H, et al. Effects of one-time apple juice ingestion on the pharmacokinetics of fexofenadine enantiomers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2014 Sep;70(9):1087-95. PubMed
- Luo J, Imai H, Ohyama T, et al. The Pharmacokinetic Exposure to Fexofenadine is Volume-Dependently Reduced in Healthy Subjects Following Oral Administration With Apple Juice. Clin Transl Sci. 2016 Aug;9(4):201-6. PubMed
- Tsiougkos N, Vovolis V. Repeated anaphylactic episodes to orange and apple. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013 May;45(3):113-5.
- Rubido S, García-Caballero L, Abeleira MT, Limeres J, García M, Diz P. Effect of chewing an apple on dental plaque removal and on salivary bacterial viability. PLoS One. 2018;13(7):e0199812. PubMed
- Krishnasamy S, Lomer MCE, Marciani L, et al. Processing apples to puree or juice speeds gastric emptying and reduces postprandial intestinal volumes and satiety in healthy adults. J Nutr 2020;150(11):2890-9. PubMed
- Awan S, Abelleira A, Khehra L, Hieber R. Undetectable serum lithium concentrations after coadministration of liquid lithium citrate and apple juice: A case report. Ment Health Clin. 2021;11(1):27-30. PubMed
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC