Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 4 of 5 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Expanded Breath Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Herb Stop

Expanded Breath label
See full label image
Liquid Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 23, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Expanded Breath against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Expanded Breath is a dietary supplement by Herb Stop with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for cough and chest congestion, sore throat, bronchitis and respiratory irritation.Based on those ingredients, 553 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Spirulina Extract, Lavender Flower Extract, Mullein leaf extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Expanded Breath by Herb Stop

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Expanded Breath by Herb Stop — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Expanded Breath by Herb Stop

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 23, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Extract Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label doesn't break down how much of each component you get.

Expanded Breath contains 5 active ingredients in liquid form: mullein leaf extract, lavender flower extract, spirulina extract, mullein flower extract, and yucca root extract. These are combined in a proprietary blend; the exact amounts of each are not disclosed.

The product also contains inactive ingredients — vibrational essences, grape alcohol, and water — that serve as the liquid base and preservative.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Soothing support for respiratory function.
  • We looked for evidence on: Allergic rhinitis (hay fever), Asthma, Bronchitis, Cough, Influenza, Pneumonia — and 2 related terms.
  • The closest evidence on file: Mullein is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Bronchitis (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Mullein is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Asthma, Cough, Influenza, Pneumonia.
  • Also on file: Blue-green Algae is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Allergic rhinitis (hay fever).

The evidence for most of these ingredients is not established in the data we hold. Lavender flower extract is possibly effective for dysmenorrhea (menstrual pain), but the other ingredients and uses — including mullein for cough, bronchitis, or asthma, spirulina for blood pressure, and yucca for joint pain — have insufficient reliable evidence or are rated possibly ineffective (lavender for cancer-related pain).

The effectiveness claims for this respiratory product specifically are not supported by the data available.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Mullein Lavender Blue-green Algae Yucca

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Mullein leaf and flower extracts are generally well tolerated for short-term use, though human safety data are limited; rare cases of contact dermatitis have occurred with topical exposure or inhalation. Lavender is well tolerated orally in food and larger amounts, though it may cause headache, nausea, diarrhea, constipation, or breath odor; topical lavender oil can cause allergic skin reactions.

Spirulina is generally well tolerated but may cause abdominal cramps, bloating, diarrhea, nausea, dizziness, headache, or fatigue; rare cases of allergic reactions including anaphylaxis have been reported, and mild bleeding or bruising occurred in a small number of trial participants. Yucca is not well studied as a supplement, though topical exposure has caused skin reactions in some people.

During pregnancy, mullein and spirulina are best avoided due to insufficient safety data, and yucca is best avoided as well. During breastfeeding, mullein, spirulina, and yucca are all best avoided because safety is unknown or data are inadequate.

Lavender has insufficient data for medicinal amounts in pregnancy and breastfeeding — talk with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice if you're pregnant or nursing.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Mullein Lavender Blue-green Algae Yucca

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Mullein, Lavender, Blue-green Algae.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 553 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take diabetes medications (spirulina may lower blood sugar further), central nervous system depressants like sedatives or sleep aids (lavender may amplify effects), blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs like warfarin or aspirin (mullein extracts have mild blood-thinning effects), or immunosuppressants (spirulina may interfere).

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Expanded Breath combines five botanicals with limited evidence for respiratory health. The main concern is if you take blood sugar medications, blood thinners, sedatives, or immunosuppressants — check with your doctor or pharmacist before starting.

If you're pregnant or breastfeeding, these ingredients are best avoided. This is a choice to make with your own healthcare provider after reviewing your full medication list.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Oct 24, 2023.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Expanded Breath, straight from the product label.

Brand Herb Stop
Net contents 1 Ounce(s); 30 mL
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Oct 24, 2023
DSLD ID 297298
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Women (not pregnant or lactating), Organic, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Expanded Breath by Herb Stop, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
5 Drop(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
5 Drop(s)
IngredientAmount% DV
Mullein leaf extract0 NP--
Proprietary Extract Blend0 NP--
Lavender Flower Extract0 NP--
Spirulina Extract0 NP--
Mullein Flower Extract0 NP--
Yucca Root Extract0 NP--

Other ingredients: Vibrational Essences, Grape Alcohol, Water

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested use: Take 5 drops in a small amount of water, 4 times daily or as directed.

Precautions

Not for use by individuals using anti-coagulants therapy. Not to be used during pregnancy or lactation. If you have a medical condition or take pharmaceutical drugs, please consult with your doctor before use.

Keep away from children.

Use only as directed on label.

Brand IP Statement(s)

Herb Stop Health in your own hands

Formula

Liquid herbal extract

Formulation

Soothing support for respiratory function

Certified organic

Vegan & cruelty-free

Vegan & cruelty-free

Made in the U.S.A.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Expanded Breath by Herb Stop label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Expanded Breath label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Expanded Breath by Herb Stop

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size5 Drop(s) Dosage formLiquid Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Proprietary Extract Blend

0 NP per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Vibrational Essences, Grape Alcohol, Water. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Expanded Breath by Herb Stop Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Expanded Breath?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
553Drugs
553 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Spirulina Extract 327
Lavender Flower Extract 248
Mullein leaf extract 122

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Expanded Breath interact with 553 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

3 of the 5 ingredients in Expanded Breath interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Spirulina Extract Lavender Flower Extract Mullein leaf extract

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Expanded Breath with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Spirulina Extract3 drug types · 327 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs. However, this is unlikely.
Spirulina blue-green algae have shown antiplatelet and anticoagulant effects in vitro. However, one preliminary study in 24 patients receiving spirulina blue-green algae 2.3 grams daily for 2 weeks showed no effect on platelet activation or measures of clotting time.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Human research shows that spirulina blue-green algae can have hypoglycemic effects in patients with diabetes, at least some of whom were using antidiabetes drugs. However, blue-green algae does not seem to improve glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with diabetes. A meta-analysis of animal studies also suggests that spirulina blue-green algae have hypoglycemic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Blue-green algae have been shown to stimulate the immune system.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Spirulina Extract full monograph & interactions

Lavender Flower Extract1 drug type · 248 drugs

Cns Depressants

Theoretically, lavender might potentiate the therapeutic effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Laboratory research suggests that lavender has sedative effects. However, clinical studies in patients taking oral lavender oil (Silexan) 160 mg for 10 weeks or taking lavender flower powder 1 gram daily for 2 months have not reported side effects of drowsiness, sedation, or sleepiness. There is still some concern that higher doses or different preparations of lavender might have additive effects with CNS depressant medications.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Lavender Flower Extract full monograph & interactions

Mullein leaf extract1 drug type · 122 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Lab tests on extracts from different parts of common and dense-flowered mullein plants show that they do have some blood-thinning effects, as they increase the time it takes for blood to clot. This is likely due to at least one of the known constituents of muellein, triterpenoid saponins. However, the effects appear to be mild and results have been inconsistent. Extracts from different plant parts have been show to have varying anticoagulant strengths, with water-based ones being more potent than alcohol-based extracts.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence A
Mullein leaf extract full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Expanded Breath, from the product label.

Herb Stop

See all Herb Stop products
Name
The Herb Stop
Street Address
PO Box 673
City
Pine
State
AZ
ZipCode
85544
Phone Number
877.345.4372
Web Address
www.herbstop.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Expanded Breath by Herb Stop: Common Questions

Does Expanded Breath by Herb Stop interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Expanded Breath has a known interaction with 553 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Expanded Breath contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Does lavender in this product make you sleepy?
Laboratory research suggests lavender has sedative effects, but clinical studies of lavender powder and oil haven't reported sleepiness as a common side effect. That said, it may theoretically boost the effects of sedating medications or supplements — so if you take anything that makes you drowsy, check with your doctor or pharmacist first.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant?
The safety data advises against it. Mullein, spirulina, and yucca are all best avoided during pregnancy because there isn't enough data to know either way. Lavender also lacks reliable safety information for medicinal amounts in pregnancy. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether this product is right for you.
Is spirulina safe as a supplement?
Spirulina is generally well tolerated, but quality varies widely — some products can be contaminated with toxins or heavy metals, which is a real concern. The safety notes advise caution for that reason. Buy from a reputable source and talk with your pharmacist if you're considering it regularly.
What are the common side effects?
Lavender may cause headache, nausea, diarrhea, constipation, or breath odor. Spirulina may cause abdominal cramps, bloating, diarrhea, nausea, dizziness, headache, or fatigue. Mullein and yucca have limited safety data, though contact with mullein plant material has caused skin reactions in rare cases.
Is there evidence this helps with cough or bronchitis?
The data we hold shows insufficient reliable evidence to rate mullein for cough or bronchitis. Lavender and spirulina also don't have established evidence for respiratory use. The ingredients are traditional, but clinical support for this product's purpose is not documented.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Expanded Breath is safe with your meds?

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Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Expanded Breath label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Expanded Breath’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Mullein

Interacts with 122 drugs

Mullein is a traditional herbal remedy most often used as a tea or syrup to soothe coughs, sore throats, and respiratory irritation. High-quality human studies are lacking, so its benefits a...

Read the full Mullein monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Lavender

Interacts with 248 drugs

Lavender is a fragrant herb most popular for promoting relaxation, easing anxiety, and supporting sleep, with some encouraging evidence for a standardized oral lavender oil product for anxie...

Read the full Lavender monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Blue-green Algae

Interacts with 327 drugs

Blue-green algae are nutrient-rich aquatic microorganisms (such as spirulina and Klamath Lake algae) taken as a supplement for energy, nutrition, and general wellness. Evidence for most heal...

Read the full Blue-green Algae monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Yucca

Yucca is a desert plant traditionally used for joint pain, arthritis, and digestion, and it contains compounds called saponins thought to have anti-inflammatory effects. Human evidence for t...

Read the full Yucca monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Expanded Breath's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 47 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Mullein 2 references
  1. Castro AI, Carmona JB, Gonzales FG, Nestar OB. Occupational airborne dermatitis from gordolobo (Verbascum densiflorum). Contact Dermatitis 2006;55(5):301.
  2. Flores Echaiz C, Al Ali A, Cao AQ, Sasseville D. Simultaneous contact dermatitis caused by Asteraceae and Verbascum thapsus. Contact Dermatitis 2017;76(5):316-8.

See these in context on the Mullein monograph →

Lavender 20 references
  1. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  2. Schulz V, Hansel R, Tyler VE. Rational Phytotherapy: A Physician's Guide to Herbal Medicine. Terry C. Telger, transl. 3rd ed. Berlin, GER: Springer, 1998.
  3. Akhondzadeh S, Kashani L, Fotouhi A, et al. Comparison of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. tincture and imipramine in the treatment of mild to moderate depression: a double-blind, randomized trial. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2003;27:123-7. PubMed
  4. Varma S, Blackford S, Statham BN, Blackwell A. Combined contact allergy to tea tree oil and lavender oil complicating chronic vulvovaginitis. Contact Dermatitis 2000;42:309-10.
  5. Coulson IH and Khan AS. Facial 'pillow' dermatitis due to lavender oil allergy. Contact Dermatitis 1999;41(2):111. PubMed
  6. Woelk, H. and Schlafke, S. A multi-center, double-blind, randomised study of the Lavender oil preparation Silexan in comparison to Lorazepam for generalized anxiety disorder. Phytomedicine. 2010;17(2):94-99. PubMed
  7. Kasper, S., Gastpar, M., Muller, W. E., Volz, H. P., Moller, H. J., Dienel, A., and Schlafke, S. Silexan, an orally administered Lavandula oil preparation, is effective in the treatment of 'subsyndromal' anxiety disorder: a randomized, double-blind, plac
  8. Uehleke, B., Schaper, S., Dienel, A., Schlaefke, S., and Stange, R. Phase II trial on the effects of Silexan in patients with neurasthenia, post-traumatic stress disorder or somatization disorder. Phytomedicine. 6-15-2012;19(8-9):665-671. PubMed
  9. Brandao FM. Occupational allergy to lavender oil. Contact Dermatitis 1986;15(4):249-250. PubMed
  10. Rademaker M. Allergic contact dermatitis from lavender fragrance in Difflam gel. Contact Dermatitis 1994;31(1):58-59. PubMed
  11. Kasper S, Gastpar M, Müller WE, et al. Lavender oil preparation Silexan is effective in generalized anxiety disorder--a randomized, double-blind comparison to placebo and paroxetine. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2014 Jun;17(6):859-69. PubMed
  12. Farshbaf-Khalili A, Kamalifard M, Namadian M. Comparison of the effect of lavender and bitter orange on anxiety in postmenopausal women: A triple-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2018;31:132-8. PubMed
  13. Bingham LJ, Tam MM, Palmer AM, Cahill JL, Nixon RL. Contact allergy and allergic contact dermatitis caused by lavender: A retrospective study from an Australian clinic. Contact Dermatitis. 2019;81(1):37-42. PubMed
  14. Donelli D, Antonelli M, Bellinazzi C, Gensini GF, Firenzuoli F. Effects of lavender on anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phytomedicine. 2019;65:153099. PubMed
  15. Firoozeei TS, Feizi A, Rezaeizadeh H, Zargaran A, Roohafza HR, Karimi M. The antidepressant effects of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.): A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Complement Ther Med 2021;59:102 PubMed
  16. Kodama T, Watanabe T, Mataki N, Kanoh S, Kichikawa Y. Acute eosinophilic pneumonia following aromatherapy with essential oil. Respir Med Case Rep 2022;37:101657. PubMed
  17. Barbaud A, Kurihara F, Raison-Peyron N, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis from essential oil in consumer products: Mode of uses and value of patch-tests with an essential oil series. Results of a French study of the DAG (dermato-allergy group of the Fren
  18. Ozer H, Sayan ZA, Baloglu I, Ozturk Y, Yonet F, Turkmen K. Unknown criminals for kidney: Acute interstitial nephritis due to lavender tea. Explore (NY) 2023. PubMed
  19. Kasper S, Volz HP, Möller HJ, et al. Lavender oil preparation Silexan is effective in mild-to-moderate major depression: a randomized, placebo- and reference-controlled trial. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024. PubMed
  20. Simaei SR, Askari VR, Rostami M, et al. Lavender and metformin effectively propagate progesterone levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Fitoterapia 2023;172:105720. PubMed

See these in context on the Lavender monograph →

Blue-green Algae 22 references
  1. Jensen GS, Ginsberg DJ, Huerta P, et al. Consumption of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae has rapid effects on the circulation and function of immune cells in humans. A novel approach to nutritional mobilization of the immune system. JANA 2000;2:50-6.
  2. Iwasa M, Yamamoto M, Tanaka Y, et al. Spirulina-associated hepatotoxicity. Am J Gastroenterol 2002;97:3212-13. PubMed
  3. Hayashi O, Katoh T, Okuwaki Y. Enhancement of antibody production in mice by dietary Spirulina platensis. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 1994;40:431-41.. PubMed
  4. Vitale S, Miller NR, Mejico LJ, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial of super blue-green algae in patients with essential blepharospasm or Meige syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol 2004;138:18-32. PubMed
  5. Mani UV, Desai S, Iyer U. Studies on the long-term effect of spirulina supplementation on serum lipid profile and glycated proteins in NIDDM patients. J Nutraceut 2000;2(3):25-32. DOI
  6. Chiu HF, Yang SP, Kuo YL, et al. Mechanisms involved in the antiplatelet effect of C-phycocyanin. Br J Nutr 2006;95:435-40. PubMed
  7. Hsiao G, Chou PH, Shen MY, et al. C-phycocyanin, a very potent and novel platelet aggregation inhibitor from Spirulina platensis. J Agric Food Chem 2005;53:7734-40.
  8. Katz M, Levine AA, Kol-Degani H, Kav-Venaki L. A compound herbal preparation (CHP) in the treatment of children with ADHD: a randomized controlled trial. J Atten Disord 2010;14:281-91. PubMed
  9. Madhyastha, H. K., Radha, K. S., Sugiki, M., Omura, S., and Maruyama, M. Purification of c-phycocyanin from Spirulina fusiformis and its effect on the induction of urokinase-type plasminogen activator from calf pulmonary endothelial cells. Phytomedicine PubMed
  10. Mazokopakis, E. E., Karefilakis, C. M., Tsartsalis, A. N., Milkas, A. N., and Ganotakis, E. S. Acute rhabdomyolysis caused by Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis). Phytomedicine. 2008;15(6-7):525-527. PubMed
  11. Halidou, Doudou M., Degbey, H., Daouda, H., Leveque, A., Donnen, P., Hennart, P., and Dramaix-Wilmet, M. [The effect of spiruline during nutritional rehabilitation: systematic review]. Rev.Epidemiol.Sante Publique 2008;56(6):425-431.
  12. Konno, T., Umeda, Y., Umeda, M., Kawachi, I., Oyake, M., and Fujita, N. [A case of inflammatory myopathy with widely skin rash following use of supplements containing Spirulina]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2011;51(5):330-333. PubMed
  13. Le TM, Knulst AC, Röckmann H. Anaphylaxis to Spirulina confirmed by skin prick test with ingredients of Spirulina tablets. Food Chem Toxicol 2014;74:309-10. PubMed
  14. Rzymski P, Niedzielski P, Kaczmarek N, Jurczak T, Klimaszyk P. The multidisciplinary approach to safety and toxicity assessment of microalgae-based food supplements following clinical cases of poisoning. Harmful Algae 2015;46:34-42. DOI
  15. Petrus M, Culerrier R, Campistron M, et al. First case report of anaphylaxis to spirulin: identification of phycocyanin as responsible allergen. Allergy 2010;65(7):924-5. PubMed
  16. Marles RJ, Barrett ML, Barnes J, et al. United States Pharmacopeia safety evaluation of spirulina. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2011;51(7):593-604. PubMed
  17. Majdoub H, Ben Mansour M, Chaubet F, et al. Anticoagulant activity of a sulfated polysaccharide from the green alga Arthrospira platensis. Biochim Biophys Acta 2009;1790(10):1377-81. PubMed
  18. Cha BG, Kwak HW, Park AR, et al. Structural characteristics and biological performance of silk fibroin nanofiber containing microalgae spirulina extract. Biopolymers 2014;101(4):307-18. PubMed
  19. Jensen GS, Drapeau C, Lenninger M, Benson KF. Clinical safety of a high dose of phycocyanin-enriched aqueous extract from Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis: results from a randomized, double-Blind, placebo-controlled study with a focus on anticoagulant ac
  20. Hamedifard Z, Milajerdi A, Reiner Z, Taghizadeh M, Kolahdooz F, Asemi Z. The effects of spirulina on glycemic control and serum lipoproteins in patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized con
  21. Moradi S, Zobeiri M, Feizi A, Clark CCT, Entezari MH. The effects of spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) supplementation on anthropometric indices, blood pressure, sleep quality, mental health, fatigue status and quality of life in patients with ulcerative
  22. Ghanbari F, Amerizadeh A, Behshood P, Moradi S, Asgary S. Effect of microalgae arthrospira on biomarkers of glycemic control and glucose metabolism: a systematic Review and meta-analysis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2022;47(10):100942. PubMed

See these in context on the Blue-green Algae monograph →

Yucca 3 references
  1. <p><span>Kanerva, L., Estlander, T., Petman, L., Makinen-Kiljunen, S. Occupational allergic contact urticaria to yucca (Yucca aloifolia), weeping fig (Ficus benjamina), and spathe flower (Spathiphyllum wallisii). Allergy. 2001;56(10): 1008-11.</span></p>
  2. Poljacki, M., Paravina, M., Jovanovic, M., Subotic, M., and Duran, V. [Contact allergic dermatitis caused by plants]. Med Pregl. 1993;46(9-10):371-375.
  3. Mahillon, V., Saussez, S., and Michel, O. High incidence of sensitization to ornamental plants in allergic rhinitis. Allergy 2006;61(9):1138-1140. PubMed

See these in context on the Yucca monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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