Permeability Factors By Integrative Therapeutics Overview & Drug Interactions

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin found naturally in a variety of foods, including vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, and leafy green vegetables. Vitamin E is also available as a dietary supplement and is often added to skincare products. Vitamin E has many roles in the body, including protecting cells from oxidative stress and supporting immune function.

L-glutamine is the most abundant free amino acid in the body, produced primarily in skeletal muscle and then released into circulation. It serves vital roles in various tissues, including the immune system, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and liver, where it supports essential functions such as maintaining intestinal integrity, immune response, and amino acid balance. Although traditionally classified as a non-essential amino acid, during periods of severe stress, glutamine becomes conditionally essential due to the body's increased demand. It acts as a critical nitrogen and carbon transporter between organs, and while the intestinal mucosa can synthesize glutamine, this production is insufficient during times of significant physiological stress. Dietary supplements generally contain L-glutamine as it is the biologically active form of the amino acid.

Glucosamine is a natural compound found in the body, particularly in the fluid that surrounds joints. It is often used as a dietary supplement to help with joint health, particularly for conditions such as osteoarthritis. Glucosamine is believed to work by helping to reduce inflammation, promoting the repair of damaged cartilage, and slowing down the loss of cartilage. There are several different forms of glucosamine supplements, including glucosamine sulfate, glucosamine hydrochloride, and N-acetyl-glucosamine. Glucosamine sulfate is the most commonly used form in supplements. It is important to note that glucosamine sulfate is derived from shellfish (specifically the exoskeletons of shrimp, lobster, and crabs) and can be problematic for people with shellfish allergies.