Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Viragen Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Terry Naturally

Viragen label
See full label image
Softgel Capsule Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Viragen against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Viragen is a dietary supplement by Terry Naturally with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for cough and respiratory congestion, sore throat, digestive upset.Based on those ingredients, 916 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Thyme (Thymus satureioides) flower oil, Ravintsara (Cinnamomum camphora) leaf oil, Bay Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Viragen by Terry Naturally

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Viragen by Terry Naturally — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Viragen by Terry Naturally

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 4 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Formula” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (200 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Viragen contains four active ingredients: thyme flower oil, ravintsara (camphor) leaf oil, myrtle leaf oil, and bay laurel leaf oil, mixed in a base of extra virgin olive oil and encapsulated in gelatin softgels. Thyme is traditionally used for respiratory support.

Ravintsara is included for its pain-relieving and itch-reducing properties. Myrtle and bay laurel are traditional botanical oils, though the evidence for their specific uses in this formula isn't established in the data we have on file.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: immune health and respiratory support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Bronchitis, Common cold, Cough, Laryngitis, Respiratory tract infections, Tonsillitis — and 3 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Camphor is rated "Likely Effective" for Cough (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Myrtle is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Respiratory tract infections.
  • Also on file: Bay Leaf is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Common cold.

The evidence for this product is mixed and limited. Ravintsara (camphor) is rated likely effective for acute pain and itching.

Thyme, myrtle, and bay laurel lack established evidence — the data we hold rates thyme's use for bronchitis, aging skin, and colds as having insufficient reliable evidence, and similarly rates myrtle for acne, infections, and digestive complaints as insufficient. This doesn't mean these ingredients don't work; it means the clinical evidence isn't strong enough to draw firm conclusions.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Thyme Camphor Myrtle Bay Leaf

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

When used as directed in a softgel, these ingredients are generally well tolerated. Thyme taken orally may cause allergic reactions, heartburn, nausea, dizziness, or headache in some people, and topical use can cause contact dermatitis.

Ravintsara (camphor) is unsafe if swallowed in quantity — it can cause serious toxicity including neurological and cardiac effects — but topical use in regulated amounts is generally tolerated. Myrtle has limited safety data; topically it may cause dry skin, and intravaginally it may cause irritation and dryness.

For pregnancy and breastfeeding: ravintsara is rated unsafe in pregnancy and lactation. Myrtle is rated likely unsafe in pregnancy and the safety data advises against use while breastfeeding.

Thyme is rated likely safe. If you're pregnant or nursing, talk with your doctor or pharmacist before taking this product.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Thyme Camphor Myrtle Bay Leaf

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Bay Leaf, Camphor, Thyme.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 917 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking Viragen, double-check if you use any hepatotoxic drugs (drugs that can damage the liver), blood thinners or antiplatelet medications, estrogen replacement therapy, anticholinergic drugs (for overactive bladder, Parkinson's), or cholinergic drugs (for myasthenia gravis or Alzheimer's disease). Use the medication checker on this page to verify your specific drugs.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Viragen is a multi-ingredient botanical formula with some documented interactions, particularly with blood thinners, estrogen therapy, liver-damaging drugs, and certain neurological medications. If you take any prescription medications, check them against the interaction tool before starting.

Pregnant or nursing individuals should discuss this product with their pharmacist, as two of its ingredients carry safety concerns in those situations.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 4 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Oct 22, 2015.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Viragen, straight from the product label.

Brand Terry Naturally
Barcode (UPC) 367703303235
Net contents 30 Softgel(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Oct 22, 2015
DSLD ID 51718
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Softgel Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free, Sugar Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Viragen by Terry Naturally, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Softgel(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Softgel(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
367703303235
IngredientAmount% DV
Proprietary Formula200 mg--
Thyme (Thymus satureioides) flower oil0 NP--
Ravintsara (Cinnamomum camphora) leaf oil0 NP--
Myrtle (Myrtus communis) leaf oil0 NP--
Bay Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil0 NP--

Other ingredients: extra virgin Olive Oil, Gelatin, Glycerin, Water

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

UNCONDITIONALLY GUARANTEED

- Provides strong immune defense support - Supports bronchial airways - Supports energy levels and a feeling of well-being*

These plant oils are 75 to 100 times more concentrated than dry herbs.

Powerful Immune Support* For Your Good Health Terry

Product of Belgium

Brand IP Statement(s)

Viragen provides a synergistic blend of powerful, plant oils that have traditionally been used to support immune health and well-being.*

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Recommendations: 1 softgel daily. May increase to 1 softgel three times daily if desired.

Precautions

If pregnant or nursing, consult a healthcare practitioner before using.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

* THESE STATEMENTS HAVE NOT BEEN EVALUATED BY THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION. THIS PRODUCT IS NOT INTENDED TO DIAGNOSE, TREAT, CURE OR PREVENT ANY DISEASE.

General

JC 34 91 + 3(5,6)EP L30323.06

Formulation

No sugar, salt, yeast, wheat, gluten, corn, soy, dairy products, artificial coloring, artificial flavoring, or artificial preservatives. NON-GMO

Seals/Symbols

Terry Naturally EuroPharma

FDA Statement of Identity

DIETARY SUPPLEMENT

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Viragen by Terry Naturally label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Viragen label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Viragen by Terry Naturally

These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Softgel(s) Dosage formSoftgel Capsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Other (inactive) ingredients: Extra virgin Olive Oil, Gelatin, Glycerin, Water. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Viragen by Terry Naturally Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Viragen?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
916Drugs
916 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Thyme (Thymus satureioides) flower oil 379
Ravintsara (Cinnamomum camphora) leaf oil 370
Bay Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil 335

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Viragen interact with 916 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

3 of the 4 ingredients in Viragen interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Thyme (Thymus satureioides) flower oil Ravintsara (Cinnamomum camphora) leaf oil Bay Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Viragen with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Thyme (Thymus satureioides) flower oil4 drug types · 379 drugs

Anticholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
In vitro evidence suggests that thyme essential oil and specific essential oil constituents like thymohydroquinone and carvacrol can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE). However, this effect has not been observed in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, thyme leaf extract might have additive effects with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro and animal research suggests that thyme leaf extract has antiplatelet effects. However, this effect has not been observed in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, concurrent use of cholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might cause additive cholinergic effects.
In vitro evidence suggests that thyme essential oil and specific essential oil constituents like thymohydroquinone and carvacrol can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE). However, this effect has not been observed in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, thyme might competitively inhibit the effects of estrogen replacement therapy.
In vitro research shows that thyme has estrogen receptor-binding activity and phytoestrogen content. However, this effect has not been observed in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyme (Thymus satureioides) flower oil full monograph & interactions

Ravintsara (Cinnamomum camphora) leaf oil1 drug type · 370 drugs

Hepatotoxic Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of camphor with other hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
There have been a few case reports of transient elevations in liver enzymes in adults after oral or topical use of camphor. There has also been one case of hepatotoxicity in an infant after topical camphor use.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Ravintsara (Cinnamomum camphora) leaf oil full monograph & interactions

Bay Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil3 drug types · 335 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Concomitant use of bay leaf with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Preliminary clinical research shows that bay leaf can lower blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes who are already taking antidiabetes medication. Advise patients to monitor glucose levels closely. Dose adjustments may be necessary.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cns Depressants

Theoretically, taking bay leaf in large amounts may enhance the therapeutic and adverse effects of sedatives.
Bay leaf contains methyl eugenol. Animal research shows that methyl eugenol has sedative properties. Avoid concomitant use.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Narcotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking bay leaf in large amounts may enhance the therapeutic and adverse effects of narcotics. Avoid concomitant use.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Bay Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Viragen, from the product label.

Terry Naturally

See all Terry Naturally products
Name
EuroPharma, Inc.
City
Green Bay
State
WI
ZipCode
54311
Phone Number
(866) 807-2731
Web Address
www.EuroPharmaUSA.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Viragen by Terry Naturally: Common Questions

Does Viragen by Terry Naturally interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Viragen has a known interaction with 916 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Viragen contains 4 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is this product safe to take while I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Not all ingredients are equally safe. Ravintsara (camphor) is rated unsafe in pregnancy and lactation, and myrtle is rated likely unsafe in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Thyme is rated likely safe. Because this is a combination product, talk with your doctor or pharmacist before taking it if you're pregnant or nursing.
Does this product actually work for colds or cough?
The evidence is limited. Ravintsara is rated likely effective for cough and acute pain. Thyme, which is traditionally used for respiratory health, lacks sufficient reliable evidence in the data we hold. So we can't confirm it works for colds based on our current information.
What are the most common side effects?
Thyme may cause allergic reactions, heartburn, nausea, dizziness, or headache when taken orally. Topically, thyme and the other oils can cause skin irritation or contact dermatitis in some people. Myrtle has limited safety data but may cause dry skin topically or vaginal irritation if used intravaginally.
Can I take this if I'm on blood thinners like warfarin?
Thyme has theoretical antiplatelet effects that might add to the action of blood thinners, though this hasn't been confirmed in people. Because this is a potential moderate-severity interaction, check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting — don't skip this product without asking them first.
Is camphor in this product safe to swallow?
No. The ravintsara (camphor) in Viragen is in oil form in a softgel — the label dosing is designed to be safe at that amount. However, camphor is unsafe if swallowed in large quantities and can cause serious toxicity. Always take this product exactly as directed and never exceed the recommended dose.
What is myrtle used for in this formula?
Myrtle is a traditional botanical oil included in the blend. The evidence for its specific uses — such as acne, infections, or digestive issues — is not established in the data we hold, so we can't confirm what it's intended to do in this product.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Viragen label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Viragen’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Thyme

Interacts with 379 drugs

Thyme is a common kitchen herb that has long been used for coughs, sore throats, and digestive complaints. It is generally safe in the amounts found in food, and some cough products that com...

Read the full Thyme monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Camphor

Interacts with 370 drugs

Camphor is a strong-smelling compound from the camphor tree (or made synthetically) that is used in many topical rub-on products for muscle aches, itching, and chest congestion. It can be he...

Read the full Camphor monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Myrtle

Myrtle (Myrtus communis) is a Mediterranean shrub used traditionally for respiratory, digestive, and skin complaints. Modern research is mostly limited to laboratory and small studies, so it...

Read the full Myrtle monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Bay Leaf

Interacts with 335 drugs

Bay leaf is a common culinary herb that is safe in the small amounts used in cooking. Some people take it for digestion, blood sugar, or colds, but strong human evidence for these uses is la...

Read the full Bay Leaf monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Viragen's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 48 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Thyme 18 references
  1. Zava DT, Dollbaum CM, Blen M. Estrogen and progestin bioactivity of foods, herbs, and spices. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1998;217:369-78. PubMed
  2. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
  3. Okazaki K, Kawazoe K, Takaishi Y. Human platelet aggregation inhibitors from thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). Phytother Res 2002;16:398-9. .
  4. Spiewak R, Skorska C, Dutkiewicz J. Occupational airborne contact dermatitis caused by thyme dust. Contact Dermatitis 2001;44:235-9. . PubMed
  5. Ernst E, Marz R, Sieder C. A controlled multi-centre study of herbal versus synthetic secretolytic drugs for acute bronchitis. Phytomedicine 1997;4:287-93. PubMed
  6. Yamamoto J, Yamada K, Naemura A, et al. Testing various herbs for antithrombotic effect. Nutrition 2005;21(5):580-7. PubMed
  7. Tognolini, M., Barocelli, E., Ballabeni, V., Bruni, R., Bianchi, A., Chiavarini, M., and Impicciatore, M. Comparative screening of plant essential oils: phenylpropanoid moiety as basic core for antiplatelet activity. Life Sci. 2-23-2006;78(13):1419-1432. PubMed
  8. Mackiewicz, B., Skorska, C., Dutkiewicz, J., Michnar, M., Milanowski, J., Prazmo, Z., Krysinska-Traczyk, E., and Cisak, E. Allergic alveolitis due to herb dust exposure. Ann Agric Environ Med 1999;6(2):167-170.
  9. Martinez-Gonzalez, M. C., Goday Bujan, J. J., Martinez, Gomez W., and Fonseca, Capdevila E. Concomitant allergic contact dermatitis due to Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) and Thymus vulgaris (thyme). Contact Dermatitis 2007;56(1):49-50.
  10. Jukic, M., Politeo, O., Maksimovic, M., Milos, M., and Milos, M. In vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties of thymol, carvacrol and their derivatives thymoquinone and thymohydroquinone. Phytother.Res 2007;21(3):259-261.
  11. Marzian, O. [Treatment of acute bronchitis in children and adolescents. Non-interventional postmarketing surveillance study confirms the benefit and safety of a syrup made of extracts from thyme and ivy leaves]. MMW.Fortschr.Med 6-28-2007;149(27-28 Suppl
  12. Cuzzolin, L. and Benoni, G. Attitudes and knowledge toward natural products safety in the pharmacy setting: an Italian study. Phytother.Res 2009;23(7):1018-1023. PubMed
  13. Berova, N., Stransky, L., and Krasteva, M. Studies on contact dermatitis in stomatological staff. Dermatol.Monatsschr. 1990;176(1):15-18.
  14. Smeenk, G., Kerckhoffs, H. P., and Schreurs, P. H. Contact allergy to a reaction product in Hirudoid cream: an example of compound allergy. Br.J Dermatol. 1987;116(2):223-231.
  15. Le Roy, R., Grosshans, E., and Foussereau, J. [Investigation of contact allergies in 100 cases of ulcus cruris (author's transl)]. Derm.Beruf.Umwelt. 1981;29(6):168-170.
  16. Lorenzi, S., Placucci, F., Vincenzi, C., Bardazzi, F., and Tosti, A. Allergic contact dermatitis due to thymol. Contact Dermatitis 1995;33(6):439-440. PubMed
  17. Bahadoran P, Rokni FK, Fahami F. Investigating the therapeutic effect of vaginal cream containing garlic and thyme compared to clotrimazole cream for the treatment of mycotic vaginitis. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2010;15(Suppl 1):343-9.
  18. Erol S, Aydin B, Dilli D, Okumus N, Zenciroglu A, Gündüz M. An interesting newborn case of fructose 1-6 diphosphatase deficiency triggered after thyme juice ingestion. Clin Lab. 2014;60(1):151-3. PubMed

See these in context on the Thyme monograph →

Camphor 20 references
  1. Uc A, Bishop WP, Sanders KD. Camphor hepatotoxicity. South Med J 2000;93:596-8. DOI
  2. Love JN, Sammon M, Smereck J. Are one or two dangerous? Camphor exposure in toddlers. J Emerg Med 2004;27:49-54.. PubMed
  3. Ruha AM, Graeme KA, Field A. Late seizure following ingestion of Vicks VapoRub. Acad Emerg Med 2003;10:691. . PubMed
  4. Gouin S, Patel H. Unusual cause of seizure. Pediatr Emerg Care 1996;12:298-300. DOI
  5. Ernst E. Adverse effects of herbal drugs in dermatology. Br J Dermatol 2000;143:923-9. PubMed
  6. Fung AE, Oxford KW. Microwave-superheated Vics Vapo Rub: an ocular public health danger. Am J Ophthalmol 2004;137:379-80. PubMed
  7. Emery, D. P. and Corban, J. G. Camphor toxicity. J.Paediatr.Child Health 1999;35(1):105-106.
  8. Rampini, S. K., Schneemann, M., Rentsch, K., and Bachli, E. B. Camphor intoxication after cao gio (coin rubbing). JAMA 7-3-2002;288(1):45.
  9. SMITH, A. G. and MARGOLIS, G. Camphor poisoning; anatomical and pharmacologic study; report of a fatal case; experimental investigation of protective action of barbiturate. Am.J.Pathol. 1954;30(5):857-869.
  10. Ragucci, K. R., Trangmar, P. R., Bigby, J. G., and Detar, T. D. Camphor ingestion in a 10-year-old male. South.Med.J. 2007;100(2):204-207. PubMed
  11. Agarwal, A. and Malhotra, H. S. Camphor ingestion: an unusual cause of seizure. J.Assoc.Physicians India 2008;56:123-124.
  12. Weiss, J. and Catalano, P. Camphorated oil intoxication during pregnancy. Pediatrics 1973;52(5):713-714. DOI
  13. Vasey, R. H. and Karayannopoulos, S. J. Camphorated oil. Br.Med.J. 1-8-1972;1(5792):112.
  14. Mascie-Taylor, B. H., Widdop, B., and Davison, A. M. Camphor intoxication treated by charcoal haemoperfusion. Postgrad.Med.J. 1981;57(673):725-726. PubMed
  15. Theis, J. G. and Koren, G. Camphorated oil: still endangering the lives of Canadian children. CMAJ. 6-1-1995;152(11):1821-1824.
  16. Skoglund, R. R., Ware, L. L., Jr., and Schanberger, J. E. Prolonged seizures due to contact and inhalation exposure to camphor. A case report. Clin.Pediatr.(Phila) 1977;16(10):901-902. PubMed
  17. Cordoba Torres IT, Marino-Nieto J, Barkin HB, Fort AC, Cobas M. Vicks VapoRub intoxication: an unusual presentation of multiorgan failure. J Clin Anesth 2018;48:46-7. PubMed
  18. Rahimi M, Shokri F, Hassanian-Moghaddam H, et al. Severe camphor poisoning, a seven-year observational study. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2017;52:8-13. PubMed
  19. Mathew T, John SK, Kamath V, et al. Essential oil related seizures (EORS): A multi-center prospective study on essential oils and seizures in adults. Epilepsy Res. 2021;173:106626. PubMed
  20. Camphor (synthetic): Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. 1994. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/76222.html. Assessed 5/6/2021.

See these in context on the Camphor monograph →

Myrtle 3 references
  1. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
  2. Salmanian M, Shirbeigi L, Hashem-Dabaghian F, et al. The Effects of Myrtle (Myrtus communis) and Clindamycin Topical Solution in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Acne Vulgaris: A Comparative Split-Face Study. J Pharmacopuncture 2020;23(4):220-229.
  3. Paknejad MS, Eftekhari K, Rahimi R, Vigeh M, Naghizadeh A, Karimi M. Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) fruit syrup for gastroesophageal reflux disease in children: A double-blind randomized clinical trial. Phytother Res 2021;35(11):6369-6376.

See these in context on the Myrtle monograph →

Bay Leaf 7 references
  1. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
  2. Cartier LC, Lehrer A, Malo JL. Occupational asthma caused by aromatic herbs. Allergy 1996;51:647-9. DOI
  3. Adisen E, Onder M. Allergic contact dermatitis from Laurus nobilis oil induced by massage. Contact Dermatitis 2007;56:360-1.
  4. Ozden, M. G., Oztas, P., Oztas, M. O., and Onder, M. Allergic contact dermatitis from Laurus nobilis (laurel) oil. Contact Dermatitis 2001;45(3):178. PubMed
  5. Khan, A., Zaman, G., and Anderson, R. A. Bay leaves improve glucose and lipid profile of people with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Biochem.Nutr. 2009;44(1):52-56. PubMed
  6. Cheminat, A., Stampf, J. L., and Benezra, C. Allergic contact dermatitis to laurel (Laurus nobilis L.): isolation and identification of haptens. Arch Dermatol Res 1984;276(3):178-181. PubMed
  7. Vassileva S, Darlenski R. Bay leaf phytodermatitis. Contact Dermatitis. 2020 Nov 15. PubMed

See these in context on the Bay Leaf monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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