Drug-induced nutrient depletion

Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug) & Nutrient Depletion

Also searched as Mylanta. What the clinical evidence reports, what it may mean, and what to discuss with your pharmacist.

5Nutrient associations
Insignificant DepletionHighest rating
The bottom line

Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug) has been associated with depletion of FOLIC ACID, IRON, CALCIUM and PHOSPHATE SALTS and 1 more. This does not mean a deficiency will occur — it means these are worth knowing about and, if you take Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug) long-term, worth raising with your pharmacist or healthcare provider.

Take more than one medication? Open the checker with Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug) pre-loaded and add the rest to see overlapping nutrient signals.

The evidence

Reported nutrient depletions with Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug)

Each record below is shown as published in our licensed clinical database, with its evidence rating and citations. Expand a section for food sources and talking points.

FOLIC ACID

Insignificant Depletion

ANTACIDS

Theoretically, antacids might reduce folate absorption; however, this is not likely to be clinically significant.

Folic acid absorption in the small intestine is optimal at a pH of 5.5-6. Chronic use of large doses of antacids can reduce folic acid absorption, but this is likely only significant if dietary folate intake is very low. Advise patients to maintain the recommended daily intake of folic acid in their diet. For information on foods that are rich in folate, see our chart.
Taking Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug)? A supplement is not needed for most patients. ⓘ
Dr. Brian Staiger, Pharm.D explains

Folic acid is a B vitamin your body uses to build healthy cells and support DNA repair. This antacid combination works by raising the pH in your stomach, and since folate is best absorbed in a slightly acidic environment in the small intestine, very high doses taken chronically could theoretically reduce how much you absorb. In practice, this is considered insignificant for most people, especially if you eat a reasonably balanced diet. No action is needed unless your doctor or pharmacist has a specific concern.

What Folic acid (folate) does & food sources

Folate is needed for cell division, red blood cell formation, and healthy fetal development.

Common food sources:

  • Leafy green vegetables
  • Beans, lentils, and peas
  • Fortified grains and cereals
  • Citrus fruits

HelloPharmacist pharmacist-reviewed education — separate from the licensed record above.

What to discuss with your clinician

Ask your provider whether folate monitoring or supplementation is appropriate for you — this matters most before and during pregnancy, and with long-term use of certain seizure or arthritis medications.

HelloPharmacist pharmacist-reviewed education — separate from the licensed record above.

Supplement considerations

Folate needs are individual. With some medications (for example, methotrexate), folic acid is often prescribed deliberately on a specific schedule — follow your prescriber's instructions rather than adding your own.

Do not start or stop medications or supplements without professional guidance — supplements can interact with prescription medications.

HelloPharmacist pharmacist-reviewed education — separate from the licensed record above.

Caution: High-dose folic acid can mask vitamin B12 deficiency, so the two are often evaluated together.

Learn more about this nutrient: Folic Acid — uses, safety & interactions

References (2)
  1. Russell RM, Golner BB, Krasinski SD, et al. Effect of antacid and H2 receptor antagonists on the intestinal absorption of folic acid. J Lab Clin Med 1988;112:458-63.
  2. Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1999.

IRON

Insignificant Depletion

ANTACIDS

Antacids might modestly reduce iron absorption.

Gastric acid is important for absorption of dietary, non-heme iron. Antacids may therefore reduce iron absorption by increasing gastric pH and reducing iron solubility. This isn't likely to be clinically significant in most people with adequate dietary iron intake. However, antacids can reduce absorption of iron from supplements by 30% to 40%, and reduced efficacy has occurred occasionally. Advise patients who need iron supplements to avoid antacids or separate the doses as much as possible.
Taking Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug)? A supplement is not needed for most patients. ⓘ
Dr. Brian Staiger, Pharm.D explains

Iron, which your body needs to carry oxygen in the blood, is absorbed in your gut with a little help from stomach acid. This antacid combination works by neutralizing that acid, and in doing so it can slightly reduce how well dietary iron is taken in. For most people eating a balanced diet, this is not a real concern, and no supplement is needed. If your doctor has prescribed iron tablets, though, try to take them at least a couple of hours apart from this antacid, and check with your pharmacist if you have questions.

What Iron does & food sources

Iron is the core of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in red blood cells.

Common food sources:

  • Red meat and poultry
  • Beans and lentils
  • Fortified cereals
  • Spinach (plant iron absorbs better with vitamin C)

HelloPharmacist pharmacist-reviewed education — separate from the licensed record above.

What to discuss with your clinician

Iron status is easy to assess (ferritin, iron studies, blood counts). Ask your provider before supplementing — unexplained low iron always deserves a medical evaluation for the cause, not just replacement.

HelloPharmacist pharmacist-reviewed education — separate from the licensed record above.

Supplement considerations

Iron supplements commonly cause constipation or stomach upset and interfere with the absorption of several medications (thyroid medication, some antibiotics). Do not take iron "just in case" — excess iron is harmful.

Do not start or stop medications or supplements without professional guidance — supplements can interact with prescription medications.

HelloPharmacist pharmacist-reviewed education — separate from the licensed record above.

Caution: Never self-treat suspected anemia; the underlying cause matters as much as the iron level.

Learn more about this nutrient: Iron — uses, safety & interactions

References (3)
  1. Aymard JP, Aymard B, Netter P, et al. Haematological adverse effects of histamine H2-receptor antagonists. Med Toxicol Adverse Drug Exp 1988;3:430-48. PubMed
  2. Tatro DS, ed. Drug Interactions Facts. Facts and Comparisons Inc., St. Louis, MO. 1999.
  3. Hansten PD, Horn JR. Drug Interactions Analysis and Management. Vancouver, WA: Applied Therapeutics Inc., 1997 and updates.

CALCIUM

Moderate Depletion

ALUMINUM

Taking large doses of aluminum salts might increase calcium excretion and calcium requirements.

Large doses of aluminum salts (aluminum hydroxide 1-3 grams four times daily, e.g., 90-260 mL Maalox daily) bind dietary phosphate, causing hypophosphatemia. This induces movement of calcium from bone into the blood, increasing urinary calcium excretion. There are reports of negative calcium balance after short-term use of large doses of aluminum-containing antacids, and of osteomalacia after prolonged use of large doses, especially in people with a low dietary phosphate intake, or a low dietary calcium intake (less than 250 mg per day). Advise patients to avoid taking large doses of aluminum-containing antacids for prolonged periods, unless they are taking them for hyperphosphatemia associated with chronic renal failure.
Taking Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug)? Monitor for depletion; a supplement is needed for some patients. ⓘ
Dr. Brian Staiger, Pharm.D explains

Calcium keeps your bones strong and helps your muscles and heart work properly. Here is the concern with this antacid: the aluminum in it can grab onto phosphate from your food in the gut, pulling phosphate levels in your blood down. When phosphate drops, your body compensates by pulling calcium out of bone and into the bloodstream, and your kidneys then flush that extra calcium out in your urine. This mostly matters for people using very large amounts every day over a long period, especially those with low calcium or low phosphate in their diet. If you use this product occasionally for heartburn, the risk is small, but if you take high doses regularly, it is worth a conversation with your pharmacist or doctor about whether your calcium intake is adequate.

What Calcium does & food sources

Calcium builds and maintains bone and is essential for muscle contraction and nerve signaling.

Common food sources:

  • Dairy products (milk, yogurt, cheese)
  • Fortified plant milks and juices
  • Canned fish with bones (sardines, salmon)
  • Leafy greens like kale

HelloPharmacist pharmacist-reviewed education — separate from the licensed record above.

What to discuss with your clinician

Ask your provider whether bone health monitoring (and vitamin D testing) makes sense with long-term use of an associated medication — a blood calcium level alone does not capture bone calcium status.

HelloPharmacist pharmacist-reviewed education — separate from the licensed record above.

Supplement considerations

Calcium can interfere with the absorption of several medications (some antibiotics, thyroid medication, iron) — separate the doses and confirm timing with your pharmacist. Total intake from food plus supplements matters more than supplements alone.

Do not start or stop medications or supplements without professional guidance — supplements can interact with prescription medications.

HelloPharmacist pharmacist-reviewed education — separate from the licensed record above.

Caution: Very high calcium intake has its own risks (kidney stones in susceptible people) — more is not better.

Learn more about this nutrient: Calcium — uses, safety & interactions

References (2)
  1. Spencer H, Menaham L. Adverse effects of aluminum-containing antacids on mineral metabolism. Gastroenterology 1979;76:603-6. DOI
  2. Spencer H, Kramer L, Norris C, Osis D. Effect of small doses of aluminum-containing antacids on calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Am J Clin Nutr 1982;36:32-40. PubMed

PHOSPHATE SALTS

Moderate Depletion

ANTACIDS

Theoretically, taking antacids might increase the risk of hypophosphatemia and associated adverse effects; antacid and phosphate intake should be separated by at least 2 hours.
Aluminum, calcium, and magnesium contained in antacids can bind phosphate in the gut and prevent its absorption. Antacids are sometimes used therapeutically to decrease high phosphate levels in people with chronic kidney disease. In people with normal kidney function, use of higher-than-recommended doses of antacids for prolonged periods (e.g. over 100 mL daily of Maalox for several months, or 30 mL daily for over 10 years) can cause hypophosphatemia, potentially leading to osteomalacia, fractures, nephrolithiasis, and ureter obstruction.
Taking Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug)? Monitor for depletion; a supplement is needed for some patients. ⓘ
Dr. Brian Staiger, Pharm.D explains

Phosphate is a mineral your bones, muscles, and cells depend on for energy and strength. The aluminum and magnesium in this antacid can latch onto phosphate right in your gut, blocking it from being absorbed into your body. This is mostly a concern for people who use high doses for many months or years, not for occasional heartburn relief. If you take this antacid regularly over the long term, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor, and try to space it at least two hours apart from any phosphate-containing foods or supplements.

Learn more about this nutrient: Phosphate Salts — uses, safety & interactions

References (4)
  1. Harmelin DL, Martin FR, Wark JD. Antacid-induced phosphate depletion syndrome presenting as nephrolithiasis. Aust NZ J Med 1990;20:803-5. PubMed
  2. Spencer H, Menaham L. Adverse effects of aluminum-containing antacids on mineral metabolism. Gastroenterology 1979;76:603-6. DOI
  3. Insogna KL, Bordley DR, Caro JF, Lockwood DH. Osteomalacia and weakness from excessive antacid ingestion. JAMA 1980;244:2544-6. DOI
  4. Saadeh G, Bauer T, Licata A, Sheeler L. Antacid-induced osteomalacia. Cleve Clin J Med 1987;54:214-6. PubMed

CHROMIUM

Insufficient Evidence

ANTACIDS

Antacids might decrease chromium levels by inhibiting the absorption of chromium.

Antacids increase gastric pH, which might decrease chromium absorption due to formation of less soluble chromium salts. However, the clinical significance of this is not clear.
Taking Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug)? Insufficient evidence to rate; clinical significance is not known. ⓘ
Dr. Brian Staiger, Pharm.D explains

Chromium is a trace mineral that helps your body use insulin and manage blood sugar. This antacid combination works by neutralizing stomach acid, and that shift to a less acidic environment may cause chromium from food to form a poorly soluble compound that your gut has a harder time absorbing. That said, the research here is very thin, and nobody really knows whether this matters in practice for people taking an occasional antacid. If you use this product regularly and have concerns, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.

Learn more about this nutrient: Chromium — uses, safety & interactions

References (3)
  1. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
  2. Davis ML, Seaborn CD, and Stoecker BJ. Effects of over-the-counter drugs on chromium retention and urinary excretion in rats. Nutrition Research 1995;15(2):201-210.
  3. Seaborn CD and Stoecker BJ. Effects of antacid or ascorbic acid on tissue accumulation and urinary excretion of 51chromium. Nutrition Research 1990;10:1401-1407. DOI
Important

This tool is educational and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. An association is not a diagnosis and does not mean a deficiency will occur. Always talk to your pharmacist or healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication or supplement.

Disclaimer: This checker finds which nutrients might be depleted by prescription or over-the-counter medications. Each nutrient depletion issue is rated based on clinical significance. Use your own professional judgment prior to making clinical decisions.

© 2026 Therapeutic Research Center Licensed records refresh weekly · last updated July 3, 2026.
Understand the basics

What drug-induced nutrient depletion means

Some medications can, over time, lower the levels of certain vitamins, minerals, or other nutrients — through reduced absorption, increased loss, or changes in how the body uses them.

Association is not deficiency

An entry here means a depletion has been reported or studied — not that it happens to everyone, or that you are deficient. Dose, duration, diet, and your own health all matter.

Evidence varies by pair

Some drug–nutrient links (like metformin and vitamin B12) are well studied; others rest on limited or preliminary research. Each entry shows the evidence rating from our licensed clinical database.

When to ask about labs

If you take an associated medication long-term, ask your healthcare provider whether monitoring is appropriate for you. Not everyone needs testing — your provider can weigh your dose, duration, and symptoms.

Don't self-supplement blindly

Supplements are not risk-free: some can interact with medications, and some (like potassium or magnesium) can be risky with kidney disease. Talk to your pharmacist before adding anything.

Never stop a medication over this

These medications are prescribed for good reasons, and the benefit usually far outweighs a manageable nutrient consideration. Any change belongs in a conversation with your prescriber.

Food first, usually

For many nutrients, a varied diet covers the gap. Each entry lists common food sources; a supplement is a decision to make with your pharmacist or provider, not a default.

Common questions

Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug) & nutrients: FAQs

Does Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug) deplete FOLIC ACID?
Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug) has been associated with lower FOLIC ACID levels in the clinical literature — see the evidence rating and details above. An association is not a guarantee: dose, duration, diet, and your own health all matter. If you take Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug) long-term, ask your healthcare provider whether checking your FOLIC ACID status is appropriate.
Should I take a supplement because I take Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug)?
Not automatically. The right first step is usually a conversation with your pharmacist or provider — they can weigh your dose and duration, decide whether testing makes sense, and recommend food-first strategies or a supplement if genuinely needed. Some supplements can interact with medications, so do not add one without checking.
Should I stop taking Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug)?
No — never stop a prescribed medication because of a nutrient association. Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug) is prescribed for good reasons, and nutrient considerations are usually manageable with monitoring or diet. Any change to your medication belongs in a conversation with your prescriber.
Where does this information come from?
The depletion records come from the Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) database — an evidence-graded clinical reference — and are displayed as published, with their citations. The plain-English context is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists.

Questions about Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug) and your nutrition?

Ask a licensed pharmacist — free, no appointment needed.

Ask a pharmacist
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Nutrient depletion records for Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Simethicone (OTC drug) are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database, and are displayed as published with their citations.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.