Nickel Drug Interactions, Uses, Effectiveness, Safety & More
What is this page for?
First and foremost: how Nickel interacts with medications. The heart of this page is the interaction list — every drug Nickel is known to interact with, and how serious each one is.
But these pages have grown well beyond that into a full monograph — what Nickel is, what people use it for and how strong the evidence is, its safety and side effects, and answers to the questions we’re asked most — written and reviewed by the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases, not medical advice, and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Check Nickel against your medication
Add one medicationNickel Drug Interactions: The Bottom Line
From the HelloPharmacist Editorial Team · Updated July 2026Based on the available evidence, the overall risk of a clinically significant Nickel drug interaction appears low for most people. Only one interaction is documented, it is rated moderate rather than major, and it works by lowering nickel levels rather than making a medication more dangerous.
The one combination worth knowing about involves disulfiram (Antabuse), a medication used to support alcohol abstinence. Disulfiram can bind to nickel in the gut, which blocks nickel from being absorbed and reduces its effects in the body. Human evidence supports this, and it is not always a bad thing: doctors have actually used this pairing on purpose to ease eczema in people who are highly sensitive to nickel. Still, if you take disulfiram and use nickel for any reason, be aware that the two work against each other.
Nickel stands out among supplements for how short its interaction profile is. There are no major interactions on record, and the single documented one lowers nickel absorption rather than raising the risk of any medication side effect. For most people taking common prescriptions, nickel is unlikely to change how their medicines work.
Based on HelloPharmacist’s Nickel interaction data and reviewed under our editorial standards.
Drugs that interact with Nickel
1 medication has a known interaction with Nickel, graded by severity. Select any drug for the full evidence-based detail.
Don’t want to scroll the list? Just ask.
Tell us the medications you take and we’ll check each one against Nickel using our pharmacist-reviewed interaction data.
AI summaries are generated from our Nickel interaction data for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
No drugs match “”.
What Severity, Likelihood & Evidence Mean
Severity — How Serious It Can Be
- Major. Clinically significant; generally best avoided, or used only under direct professional supervision.
- Moderate. May need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separating the times you take each one.
- Minor. Generally not clinically significant, but still worth noting and mentioning to your pharmacist.
- No known interaction. Checked against our sources with nothing documented — not the same as proven safety.
Likelihood — How Well It’s Documented
- Likely. Well-controlled human studies have demonstrated the likely existence of this interaction
- Probable. Interaction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports.
- Possible. Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists
- Unlikely. Interaction has been demonstrated in animal or in lab research but has been shown not to occur in humans.
Where This Data Comes From
- Interaction records are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database (TRC Healthcare), the same reference used by pharmacists and hospitals.
- Each drug listed above links to the full report for that exact Nickel combination — clinical detail, likelihood, evidence level, and citations.
- Content is reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists — see our data sources and editorial standards.
The kinds of drugs Nickel affects
Every type of medication (drug category) Nickel is known to interact with. Open any category for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Disulfiram (Antabuse)
Disulfiram can reduce the absorption and clinical effects of nickel.
Disulfiram can chelate nickel, preventing its absorption. This interaction has been used therapeutically to reduce eczema in people with severe nickel hypersensitivity.
Nickel: Uses, Safety & Side Effects
Nickel is a trace element found in tiny amounts in many foods, and most people get plenty through diet. There is no proven need for nickel supplements, and because nickel is a common cause of allergic reactions and can be toxic in higher amounts, most people should not take it. Talk with your pharmacist or doctor before using any nickel-containing supplement.
- Part used
- Trace mineral (metallic element)
- Common forms
- Tablets, capsules, and as part of some multivitamin or trace-mineral supplements (often as nickel sulfate or nickel chloride)
- General trace-mineral supplementation
- Supporting iron and other nutrient metabolism (theoretical)
- Marketed for bone or hormone support
Popular and traditional uses — not proof it works. See “Uses & effectiveness” below for the evidence.
Nickel is a common allergen and can be toxic at higher doses, so supplements are generally not recommended.
When used orally and appropriately. Nickel is safe to use during pregnancy and lactation in doses below the tolerable upper intake level (UL) of 1 mg...
Read the full pregnancy detailWhen used orally and appropriately. Nickel is safe to use during pregnancy and lactation in doses below the tolerable upper intake level (UL) of 1 mg...
Read the full breastfeeding detailPregnancy & breastfeeding ratings are from Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center). Safety guidance is general; always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor for your situation.
Overview
Nickel is a hard, silvery metal that exists naturally in soil, water, and many foods. In the body it is considered a possible trace element, meaning it may be present in very small amounts. Whether humans truly need nickel for health is still uncertain.
Most people get nickel from their normal diet. Foods such as nuts, beans, peas, lentils, whole grains, chocolate, and some leafy vegetables naturally contain nickel. Because everyday foods supply it, true nickel deficiency in humans has not been clearly identified.
Nickel is sometimes added to trace-mineral or multivitamin supplements, usually in forms like nickel sulfate or nickel chloride. There is little reason for most people to take it on purpose.
How it works
In laboratory and animal research, nickel has been linked to the activity of certain enzymes and to the way the body handles some nutrients, such as iron. These are mostly theoretical or animal-based findings and do not prove that nickel supplements help people.
In bacteria and some other organisms, nickel is part of certain enzymes, but the role of nickel in human enzymes is far less clear. Much of what is claimed about nickel's function in humans is based on indirect or preliminary science.
Does Nickel work?
How to read these evidence grades
Natural Medicines’ 7-point scale. We show each rating’s label word-for-word.
Likely Effective Nickel deficiency
Oral nickel, taken in trace amounts, prevents nickel deficiency.
Also studied for 2 conditions — evidence insufficient to rate
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Iron deficiency anemia
Although there has been interest in using oral nickel to improve iron absorption in patients with iron deficiency anemia, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of nickel for this purpose.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Osteoporosis
Although there has been interest in using oral nickel for osteoporosis, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of nickel for this purpose.
Source & disclaimer. Effectiveness ratings and evidence summaries are provided by Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) and shown as licensed. Where Natural Medicines hasn’t rated a use, HelloPharmacist’s pharmacists may add their own reviewed rating and evidence (each such entry is labeled). This is educational information, not medical advice — talk with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or changing a supplement.
Safety & precautions
Nickel is one of the most common causes of allergic contact reactions, often from jewelry, coins, and metal objects. People who are allergic to nickel may react to higher nickel intake, and some can develop a skin rash even from eating nickel-rich foods. This is called systemic contact dermatitis.
Nickel can also be toxic in higher amounts. Long-term or excessive exposure has been linked to harmful effects, and certain industrial forms of nickel are known to be carcinogenic when inhaled. Supplements are different from industrial exposure, but they still raise concern when taken in large or repeated doses.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Nickel supplements should be avoided. Safety has not been established, and getting more than the small amounts in food is not recommended. People with kidney problems, nickel allergy, or a history of metal sensitivity should also be especially cautious. Always check with a pharmacist or doctor before using any product that contains nickel.
Side effects
For people sensitive to nickel, even small extra amounts may trigger skin rashes, itching, or flare-ups of eczema-like reactions. Some people report digestive upset such as nausea.
Higher intakes can cause more serious problems, including stomach and intestinal irritation and effects on the kidneys or other organs. Because of these risks, taking nickel on purpose is generally discouraged unless a healthcare provider specifically advises it.
Nickel: Reported Adverse Effects
Documented safety reports on Nickel from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database, shown word-for-word from the licensed record.
Orally, nickel is well tolerated when taken in amounts found in foods, which are typically below the tolerable upper intake level (UL). However, doses above the UL can cause serious adverse effects.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
All routes of administration: Contact dermatitis.
Serious Adverse Effects (Rare):
Orally: Chronic consumption of large quantities of nickel might increase the risk of cancers of the lung, nose, larynx, and prostate.
Acute bronchitis Pulmonary/Respiratory
Inhalation of nickel carbonyl has been reported to cause nickel toxicity, including pulmonary edema, acute tracheobronchitis, or diffuse interstitial pneumonitis.
Occupational exposure to nickel has been reported to cause chronic rhinitis, sinusitis, airway narrowing, asthma, bronchitis, reduced lung function, lung fibrosis, nasal polyposis, perforation of the nasal septum, and cancer of the lungs and nasal sinuses. Bronchiolitis induced by nickel and nitric acid have also been reported.
- Barceloux DG. Nickel. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1999;37:239-58.
- Kelleher, P., Pacheco, K., and Newman, L. S. Inorganic dust pneumonias: the metal-related parenchymal disorders. Environ.Health Perspect. 2000;108 Suppl 4:685-696.
- Nemery, B. Metal toxicity and the respiratory tract. Eur Respir.J 1990;3(2):202-219.
- Sunderman, F. W., Jr. A review of the metabolism and toxicology of nickel. Ann.Clin.Lab Sci. 1977;7(5):377-398.
- Leikauf, G. D. Hazardous air pollutants and asthma. Environ.Health Perspect. 2002;110 Suppl 4:505-526.
- Ruegger, M. [Lung disorders due to metals]. Schweiz.Med.Wochenschr. 3-11-1995;125(10):467-474.
- Nikula, K. J. and Green, F. H. Animal models of chronic bronchitis and their relevance to studies of particle-induced disease. Inhal.Toxicol. 2000;12 Suppl 4:123-153.
Allergic rhinitis (hay fever) Dermatologic
Orally and topically, nickel can cause dermatitis and other hypersensitivity reactions in sensitized individuals. Nickel exposure may cause systemic contact dermatitis. Orally, nickel sulfate has been associated with classic systemic allergic contact eczema. Topical exposure can occur from the use of common equipment containing nickel. There are at least four case reports of allergic contact dermatitis of the hand due to the use of a nickel-containing electronic cigarette device. Patients with nickel allergy should be advised to avoid devices that contain nickel. There is also a case report of a 21-year-old female who developed recurrent rash on her upper chest and thighs due to exposure to nickel via weightlifting equipment at her gym.
"Nickel itch" may occur up to seven days before skin eruption occurs. The primary skin eruption is follicular, which may be followed by skin ulceration. Nickel may cause Baboon syndrome, characterized by a clinical presentation of systemic contact dermatitis with a pruritic and confluent maculopapular, light red eruption, localized in the gluteal area and the major flexures and developing several hours or days after nickel contact.
Individuals with mutations in the filaggrin gene may be especially susceptible to hand eczema caused by additive effects from irritants and nickel exposure. Nickel exposure may lead to cross-sensitivity dermatitis reaction in individuals who are allergic to other metals, especially palladium, cobalt, and aluminum.
- Sunderman, F. W., Jr. A review of the metabolism and toxicology of nickel. Ann.Clin.Lab Sci. 1977;7(5):377-398.
- Nijhawan, R. I., Molenda, M., Zirwas, M. J., and Jacob, S. E. Systemic contact dermatitis. Dermatol.Clin. 2009;27(3):355-64, vii.
- Ring, J., Brockow, K., and Behrendt, H. Adverse reactions to foods. J.Chromatogr.B Biomed.Sci.Appl. 5-25-2001;756(1-2):3-10.
- Maridet C, Atge B, Amici JM, Taïeb A, Milpied B. The electronic cigarette: the new source of nickel contact allergy of the 21st century? Contact Dermatitis. 2015 Jul;73(1):49-50. Epub 2015 Mar 20.
- Shim TN, Kosztyuova T. Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Electronic Cigarette. Dermatitis. 2018 Mar/Apr;29(2):94-95.
- Ledon JA, Tosti A. CrossFit-Associated Allergic Contact Dermatitis. Dermatitis. 2017 Nov/Dec;28(6):368.
- Sanchez-Morillas, L., Reano, Martos M., Rodriguez, Mosquera M., Iglesias, Cadarso C., Gonzalez, Sanchez L., and Dominguez Lazaro, A. R. [Baboon syndrome]. Allergol.Immunopathol.(Madr.) 2004;32(1):43-45.
- Herfs, H., Schirren, C. G., Przybilla, B., and Plewig, G. ["Baboon syndrome". A particular manifestation of hematogenous contact reaction]. Hautarzt 1993;44(7):466-469.
- Thyssen, J. P., Carlsen, B. C., and Menne, T. Nickel sensitization, hand eczema, and loss-of-function mutations in the filaggrin gene. Dermatitis 2008;19(6):303-307.
- Wataha, J. C. and Shor, K. Palladium alloys for biomedical devices. Expert.Rev.Med.Devices 2010;7(4):489-501.
- Kielhorn, J., Melber, C., Keller, D., and Mangelsdorf, I. Palladium--a review of exposure and effects to human health. Int.J.Hyg.Environ.Health 2002;205(6):417-432.
- Wataha, J. C. and Hanks, C. T. Biological effects of palladium and risk of using palladium in dental casting alloys. J.Oral Rehabil. 1996;23(5):309-320.
- van, Joost T. and Roesyanto-Mahadi, I. D. Combined sensitization to palladium and nickel. Contact Dermatitis 1990;22(4):227-228.
- Garner, L. A. Contact dermatitis to metals. Dermatol.Ther. 2004;17(4):321-327.
- Garcia-Patos, V., Alomar, A., Lleonart, R., Cistero, A., and Matias-Guiu, X. [Subcutaneous nodules and sensitivity to aluminum in patients undergoing hyposensitivity immunotherapy]. Med.Cutan.Ibero.Lat.Am. 1990;18(2):83-88.
Allergic rhinitis (hay fever) Immunologic
Orally and topically, nickel can cause hypersensitivity reactions in sensitized individuals. Nickel sensitivity, which can cause dermatologic and gastrointestinal symptoms, has an estimated prevalence of 11% in the general population, with a higher overall incidence in females than in males. About 10% of nickel-sensitive people react to ingestion of 550-1300 mcg. Nickel sensitivity, once acquired, may persist indefinitely. Some clinical research suggests that daily consumption of nickel 30 ng, 0.3 mcg, or 1.5 mcg for one year can hyposensitize individuals and reduce symptoms of nickel sensitivity.
In sensitive individuals, dermal or systemic exposure to nickel can induce a type I immediate (anaphylactic) reaction and a type IV delayed hypersensitivity reaction, mediated by secreted cytokines and allergen-specific T lymphocytes. Nickel exposure may cause a cross-sensitivity reaction in individuals who are allergic to other metals, especially palladium, cobalt, and aluminum.
Implantation of devices containing nickel have been reported to cause localized and systemic reactions. A 59-year-old male with a hip arthroplasty, who later tested positive for nickel allergy, experienced hip pain, aseptic implant loosening, and contact allergic dermatitis in the inguinal regions, necessitating multiple surgeries. In another case, a 45-year-old male developed leukocytosis, low-grade fevers, dyspnea, fatigue, and edema immediately and during the two months after implantation of a cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). The patient eventually developed fulminant hypereosinophilia and eosinophilic myocarditis, resulting in cardiogenic shock and multiorgan failure. Once the patient was stabilized, the ICD was removed and all symptoms resolved. The patient tested positive for nickel allergy.
There have been at least two case reports of hypersensitivity reactions to the nickel contained in implanted cardiac rings. One 57-year-old male experienced severe urticaria and angioedema two weeks after implantation of a mitral valve annuloplasty ring. The patient tested positive for nickel allergy and, although there was no evidence of nickel in his blood, symptoms resolved upon removal of the nickel-containing ring. A 56-year-old male experienced persistent urticarial rash and multiple episodes of anaphylactic shock within the first month after implantation of a mitral ring. The patient tested positive to nickel upon skin prick testing; symptoms resolved after removal of the mitral ring.
- Ring, J., Brockow, K., and Behrendt, H. Adverse reactions to foods. J.Chromatogr.B Biomed.Sci.Appl. 5-25-2001;756(1-2):3-10.
- Nijhawan, R. I., Molenda, M., Zirwas, M. J., and Jacob, S. E. Systemic contact dermatitis. Dermatol.Clin. 2009;27(3):355-64, vii.
- Sunderman, F. W., Jr. A review of the metabolism and toxicology of nickel. Ann.Clin.Lab Sci. 1977;7(5):377-398.
- Alinaghi F, Bennike NH, Egeberg A, Thyssen JP, Johansen JD. Prevalence of contact allergy in the general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Contact Dermatitis. 2019 Feb;80(2):77-85.
- Thyssen, J. P., Linneberg, A., Menne, T., and Johansen, J. D. The epidemiology of contact allergy in the general population--prevalence and main findings. Contact Dermatitis 2007;57(5):287-299.
- Di Gioacchino M, Ricciardi L, De Pità O, et al. Nickel oral hyposensitization in patients with systemic nickel allergy syndrome. Ann Med. 2014 Feb;46(1):31-7. Epub 2013 Nov 21.
- Hostynek, J. J. Sensitization to nickel: etiology, epidemiology, immune reactions, prevention, and therapy. Rev.Environ.Health 2006;21(4):253-280.
- Czarnobilska, E., Obtulowicz, K., and Wsolek, K. [Type IV of hypersensitivity and its subtypes]. Przegl.Lek. 2007;64(7-8):506-508.
- Wataha, J. C. and Shor, K. Palladium alloys for biomedical devices. Expert.Rev.Med.Devices 2010;7(4):489-501.
- Kielhorn, J., Melber, C., Keller, D., and Mangelsdorf, I. Palladium--a review of exposure and effects to human health. Int.J.Hyg.Environ.Health 2002;205(6):417-432.
- Wataha, J. C. and Hanks, C. T. Biological effects of palladium and risk of using palladium in dental casting alloys. J.Oral Rehabil. 1996;23(5):309-320.
- van, Joost T. and Roesyanto-Mahadi, I. D. Combined sensitization to palladium and nickel. Contact Dermatitis 1990;22(4):227-228.
- Garner, L. A. Contact dermatitis to metals. Dermatol.Ther. 2004;17(4):321-327.
- Garcia-Patos, V., Alomar, A., Lleonart, R., Cistero, A., and Matias-Guiu, X. [Subcutaneous nodules and sensitivity to aluminum in patients undergoing hyposensitivity immunotherapy]. Med.Cutan.Ibero.Lat.Am. 1990;18(2):83-88.
- Delimar D, Bohacek I, Pastar Z, Lipozencic J. Orthopedic and Cutaneous Reactions to Nickel after Total Hip Replacement. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat. 2018 Apr;26(1):39-43. Review.
- Fung E, Fong MW, Correa AJ, Yoon AJ, Grazette LP. Fulminant eosinophilic myocarditis following ICD implantation in a patient with undisclosed nickel allergy. Int J Cardiol. 2016 Jan 15;203:1018-9.
- Díaz Palacios MA, López-Salgueiro R, Mencía Sanchez G, Martínez Romero A, Morales-Rubio A, Hernández Fernández de Rojas D. Chronic Urticaria After Implantation of a Mitral Annuloplasty Ring in a Nickel-Allergic Patient. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2
- Dominguez-Massa C, Bel-Minguez AM, Perez-Guillen M, Berbel-Bonillo A, Hornero-Sos F. Mitral Ring Extraction due to Nickel Allergy. Ann Thorac Surg. 2018 Apr;105(4):e177-e178. Epub 2017 Dec 20.
Allergic rhinitis (hay fever) Gastrointestinal
Orally, consuming high doses of nickel 0.5-2.5 grams has been reported to cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Patients with systemic nickel allergy syndrome (SNAS) can experience colic and diarrhea after consumption of nickel-rich foods.
Cancer Oncologic
The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified nickel compounds as carcinogenic to humans. Occupational exposure to nickel and nickel compounds in nickel refining, cutlery factories, and alkaline battery manufacturing plants is associated with an increased incidence of lung, bronchial, and nasal cancers. It is unclear if one specific lung cancer cell type is associated with nickel exposure. Nickel fumes present in nickel and some steel refineries are associated with undifferentiated and squamous histologies of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Occupational changes in industrial processes that have eliminated or reduced exposures to nickel compounds have reduced the risk of lung cancer; however, experts believe that further preventive measures are needed to decrease or eliminate occupational nickel exposure time. Exposure to nickel concentrate or metallic nickel through the metallurgical refining process has not been associated with an increase in respiratory cancer risk.
Although clinical and epidemiologic research show that sparingly soluble nickel compounds, and possibly also soluble nickel compounds, may be linked to an increased risk for lung and nasal cancers, there is conflicting evidence as to whether inhalation exposure to soluble nickel alone is carcinogenic. According to some researchers, these opposing positions may be resolved by the hypothesis that high concentrations of inhaled nickel may induce chronic lung inflammation, enhancing carcinogenic risks associated with inhalation exposure to other substances. Therefore, it has been suggested that if exposures are kept below levels that cause chronic respiratory toxicity, carcinogenic effects may be avoided.
There is concern that exposure to nickel in conjunction with another metal might increase the risk for certain forms of cancer. In the art glass industry, an association was found between an increased risk for stomach cancer and the use of a mixture of arsenic, copper, nickel, and manganese. Based on epidemiological data and genotoxicity testing, the combination of nickel and chromium in the fumes from the welding of stainless and high alloy steels may contribute to an additive risk of respiratory tract cancer. Additionally, co-exposure to nickel and cadmium may increase the risk of lung cancer.
Epidemiological studies that have found an association between nickel and an increased risk for cancer might be confounded by the presence of cigarette smoking and asbestos exposure. Nickel occurs in mainstream cigarette smoke in the range of 0-0.51 mg per cigarette. The high prevalence of prostate cancer in smokers may be related to the nickel in cigarettes.
Implantation of nickel-containing hardware has also been reported to induce the development of cancer. In one case, a 65-year-old female developed osteogenic sarcoma at the site of a nail that had been implanted for nine years for fixation of a femoral neck fracture. A concentration of 14 ppm of nickel was detected within the tumor tissue, indicating neoplastic induction by nickel. In a different case, a malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the bone developed 20 years after a femoral fracture treated by plate-screw fixation. Nickel was present in the tumor tissue, indicating the metabolism of corrosion products.
- Sky-Peck, H. H. Trace metals and neoplasia. Clin.Physiol Biochem. 1986;4(1):99-111.
- Sunderman, F. W., Jr. Nasal toxicity, carcinogenicity, and olfactory uptake of metals. Ann.Clin.Lab Sci 2001;31(1):3-24.
- Baur, X. [New occupational inhaled pollutants]. Pneumologie 1990;44 Suppl 1:397-398.
- Barceloux DG. Nickel. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1999;37:239-58.
- Ernst, P. and Theriault, G. Known occupational carcinogens and their significance. Can.Med.Assoc.J. 4-1-1984;130(7):863-867.
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- Langard, S. Prevention of lung cancer through the use of knowledge on asbestos and other work-related causes--Norwegian experiences. Scand.J.Work Environ.Health 1994;20 Spec No:100-107.
- Williams, M. D. and Sandler, A. B. The epidemiology of lung cancer. Cancer Treat.Res. 2001;105:31-52.
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- Alberg, A. J., Brock, M. V., and Samet, J. M. Epidemiology of lung cancer: looking to the future. J.Clin.Oncol. 5-10-2005;23(14):3175-3185.
- Ives, J. C., Buffler, P. A., and Greenberg, S. D. Environmental associations and histopathologic patterns of carcinoma of the lung: the challenge and dilemma in epidemiologic studies. Am.Rev.Respir.Dis. 1983;128(1):195-209.
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- Lewis, C. G. and Sunderman, F. W., Jr. Metal carcinogenesis in total joint arthroplasty. Animal models. Clin.Orthop.Relat Res. 1996;(329 Suppl):S264-S268.
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- Tossavainen, A. Estimated risk of lung cancer attributable to occupational exposures in iron and steel foundries. IARC Sci.Publ. 1990;(104):363-367.
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Drug-induced kidney damage Renal
Orally, nickel has been reported to cause nephrotoxicity, especially when consumed in excessive amounts.
- Denkhaus E, Salnikow K. Nickel essentiality, toxicity, and carcinogenicity. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2002;42:35-56.
- Das, K. K., Das, S. N., and Dhundasi, S. A. Nickel, its adverse health effects & oxidative stress. Indian J.Med.Res. 2008;128(4):412-425.
- Savolainen, H. Biochemical and clinical aspects of nickel toxicity. Rev.Environ.Health 1996;11(4):167-173.
Fatigue Cardiovascular
Particulate matter-associated nickel exposures have been associated with cardiopulmonary diseases. Nickel exposure may also cause variable degrees of cardiovascular system poisoning. In one case report, a 45-year-old male developed leukocytosis, low-grade fevers, dyspnea, and fatigue after implantation of a cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). The patient eventually developed fulminant hypereosinophilia and eosinophilic myocarditis, resulting in cardiogenic shock and multiorgan failure. After the patient had been medically stabilized, the ICD was removed, leading to symptom resolution.
- Zhang, Z., Chau, P. Y., Lai, H. K., and Wong, C. M. A review of effects of particulate matter-associated nickel and vanadium species on cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Int.J.Environ.Health Res. 2009;19(3):175-185.
- Denkhaus E, Salnikow K. Nickel essentiality, toxicity, and carcinogenicity. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2002;42:35-56.
- Fung E, Fong MW, Correa AJ, Yoon AJ, Grazette LP. Fulminant eosinophilic myocarditis following ICD implantation in a patient with undisclosed nickel allergy. Int J Cardiol. 2016 Jan 15;203:1018-9.
Poisoning Other
Orally, nickel toxicity can occur after the consumption of large quantities of nickel. The level of toxicity caused by nickel exposure seems to depend on its chemical form. Insoluble nickel compounds, including metallic nickel, nickel sulfides, and nickel oxides, seem to have a higher carcinogenic potential than water-soluble nickel salts (chloride, nitrate, sulfate). Conversely, it has been reported that nickel compounds, other than nickel carbonyl, are essentially nontoxic after ingestion due to their low absorption from the gastrointestinal tract.
The treatment of nickel toxicity is not well studied. In some reports, antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid, may protect against nickel toxicity. Chelating drugs have been used as an antidote in nickel poisoning. Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate and disulfiram have also been proposed as effective nickel chelators in the treatment of acute nickel carbonyl poisoning; however, adequate clinical studies are not available to assess the effectiveness of these options.
- Haber, L. T., Erdreicht, L., Diamond, G. L., Maier, A. M., Ratney, R., Zhao, Q., and Dourson, M. L. Hazard identification and dose response of inhaled nickel-soluble salts. Regul.Toxicol.Pharmacol. 2000;31(2 Pt 1):210-230.
- Bencko, V. Nickel: a review of its occupational and environmental toxicology. J.Hyg.Epidemiol.Microbiol.Immunol. 1983;27(2):237-247.
- Das, K. K., Das, S. N., and Dhundasi, S. A. Nickel, its adverse health effects & oxidative stress. Indian J.Med.Res. 2008;128(4):412-425.
- Das, K. K. and Buchner, V. Effect of nickel exposure on peripheral tissues: role of oxidative stress in toxicity and possible protection by ascorbic acid. Rev.Environ.Health 2007;22(2):157-173.
- Sunderman, F. W., Jr. A review of the metabolism and toxicology of nickel. Ann.Clin.Lab Sci. 1977;7(5):377-398.
- Blanusa, M., Varnai, V. M., Piasek, M., and Kostial, K. Chelators as antidotes of metal toxicity: therapeutic and experimental aspects. Curr.Med.Chem. 2005;12(23):2771-2794.
- Sunderman, F. W., Sr. Therapeutic properties of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate: its role as an inhibitor in the progression of AIDS. Ann.Clin.Lab Sci. 1991;21(1):70-81.
Pregnancy-related edema Neurologic/CNS
Orally, consuming large quantities of nickel can lead to acute nickel toxicity, which may cause cerebral edema.
Adverse-effects data: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center
Dosing
There is no established recommended supplement dose of nickel, because a clear human requirement has not been proven and most people get enough from food. Health authorities have set upper limits to help avoid harmful exposure, but this does not mean people need to take supplements to reach any amount.
If a product contains nickel, follow the label and do not take more than directed. Because of allergy and toxicity concerns, it is best to check with your pharmacist or doctor before using any nickel-containing supplement rather than choosing a dose on your own.
Nickel & Pregnancy
Nickel & Breastfeeding
© 2026 Therapeutic Research Center
Pregnancy & lactation ratings: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center
References & further reading
The 76 references that drive our Nickel monograph and interaction data, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Citations with a link open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
- Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
- Sharma AD. Disulfiram and low nickel diet in the management of hand eczema: a clinical study. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2006;72:113-8. PubMed
- Denkhaus E, Salnikow K. Nickel essentiality, toxicity, and carcinogenicity. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2002;42:35-56. PubMed
- Barceloux DG. Nickel. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1999;37:239-58.
- Sunderman, F. W., Jr. Nasal toxicity, carcinogenicity, and olfactory uptake of metals. Ann.Clin.Lab Sci 2001;31(1):3-24.
- Hayes, R. B. The carcinogenicity of metals in humans. Cancer Causes Control 1997;8(3):371-385. PubMed
- Nemery, B. Metal toxicity and the respiratory tract. Eur Respir.J 1990;3(2):202-219. DOI
- Andersen, A., Barlow, L., Engeland, A., Kjaerheim, K., Lynge, E., and Pukkala, E. Work-related cancer in the Nordic countries. Scand.J.Work Environ.Health 1999;25 Suppl 2:1-116.
- Haber, L. T., Erdreicht, L., Diamond, G. L., Maier, A. M., Ratney, R., Zhao, Q., and Dourson, M. L. Hazard identification and dose response of inhaled nickel-soluble salts. Regul.Toxicol.Pharmacol. 2000;31(2 Pt 1):210-230. PubMed
- Kelleher, P., Pacheco, K., and Newman, L. S. Inorganic dust pneumonias: the metal-related parenchymal disorders. Environ.Health Perspect. 2000;108 Suppl 4:685-696. PubMed
- Seilkop, S. K. Occupational exposures and pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis. Occup.Environ.Med. 2001;58(1):63-64. PubMed
- Williams, M. D. and Sandler, A. B. The epidemiology of lung cancer. Cancer Treat.Res. 2001;105:31-52. PubMed
- Laffargue, P., Hildebrand, H. F., Lecomte-Houcke, M., Biehl, V., Breme, J., and Decoulx, J. [Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone 20 years after femoral fracture treated by plate-screw fixation: analysis of corrosion products and their role in malignan
- Ring, J., Brockow, K., and Behrendt, H. Adverse reactions to foods. J.Chromatogr.B Biomed.Sci.Appl. 5-25-2001;756(1-2):3-10. PubMed
- Egedahl, R., Carpenter, M., and Lundell, D. Mortality experience among employees at a hydrometallurgical nickel refinery and fertiliser complex in Fort Saskatchewan, Alberta (1954-95). Occup.Environ.Med. 2001;58(11):711-715. PubMed
- Leikauf, G. D. Hazardous air pollutants and asthma. Environ.Health Perspect. 2002;110 Suppl 4:505-526. PubMed
- Oller, A. R. Respiratory carcinogenicity assessment of soluble nickel compounds. Environ.Health Perspect. 2002;110 Suppl 5:841-844. PubMed
- Kielhorn, J., Melber, C., Keller, D., and Mangelsdorf, I. Palladium--a review of exposure and effects to human health. Int.J.Hyg.Environ.Health 2002;205(6):417-432. PubMed
- Grimsrud, T. K., Berge, S. R., Haldorsen, T., and Andersen, A. Exposure to different forms of nickel and risk of lung cancer. Am.J.Epidemiol. 12-15-2002;156(12):1123-1132. PubMed
- Verougstraete, V., Lison, D., and Hotz, P. Cadmium, lung and prostate cancer: a systematic review of recent epidemiological data. J.Toxicol.Environ.Health B Crit Rev. 2003;6(3):227-255. PubMed
- Nikula, K. J. and Green, F. H. Animal models of chronic bronchitis and their relevance to studies of particle-induced disease. Inhal.Toxicol. 2000;12 Suppl 4:123-153. PubMed
- Comba, P. and Belli, S. [Etiological epidemiology of tumors of the nasal cavities and the paranasal sinuses]. Ann.Ist.Super.Sanita 1992;28(1):121-132.
- Sanchez-Morillas, L., Reano, Martos M., Rodriguez, Mosquera M., Iglesias, Cadarso C., Gonzalez, Sanchez L., and Dominguez Lazaro, A. R. [Baboon syndrome]. Allergol.Immunopathol.(Madr.) 2004;32(1):43-45.
- Coultas, D. B. and Samet, J. M. Occupational lung cancer. Clin.Chest Med. 1992;13(2):341-354. DOI
- Garner, L. A. Contact dermatitis to metals. Dermatol.Ther. 2004;17(4):321-327. PubMed
- Sorahan, T. and Williams, S. P. Mortality of workers at a nickel carbonyl refinery, 1958-2000. Occup.Environ.Med. 2005;62(2):80-85. PubMed
- Alberg, A. J., Brock, M. V., and Samet, J. M. Epidemiology of lung cancer: looking to the future. J.Clin.Oncol. 5-10-2005;23(14):3175-3185. PubMed
- Blanusa, M., Varnai, V. M., Piasek, M., and Kostial, K. Chelators as antidotes of metal toxicity: therapeutic and experimental aspects. Curr.Med.Chem. 2005;12(23):2771-2794. PubMed
- Grimsrud, T. K. and Peto, J. Persisting risk of nickel related lung cancer and nasal cancer among Clydach refiners. Occup.Environ.Med. 2006;63(5):365-366.
- Hostynek, J. J. Sensitization to nickel: etiology, epidemiology, immune reactions, prevention, and therapy. Rev.Environ.Health 2006;21(4):253-280. PubMed
- Das, K. K. and Buchner, V. Effect of nickel exposure on peripheral tissues: role of oxidative stress in toxicity and possible protection by ascorbic acid. Rev.Environ.Health 2007;22(2):157-173. PubMed
- Thyssen, J. P., Linneberg, A., Menne, T., and Johansen, J. D. The epidemiology of contact allergy in the general population--prevalence and main findings. Contact Dermatitis 2007;57(5):287-299. PubMed
- Czarnobilska, E., Obtulowicz, K., and Wsolek, K. [Type IV of hypersensitivity and its subtypes]. Przegl.Lek. 2007;64(7-8):506-508.
- Sunderman, F. W., Sr. Therapeutic properties of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate: its role as an inhibitor in the progression of AIDS. Ann.Clin.Lab Sci. 1991;21(1):70-81.
- Schmahl, D. [Etiology of bronchial cancer: smoking, passive smoking, environment and occupation]. Pneumologie 1991;45(4):134-136.
- Das, K. K., Das, S. N., and Dhundasi, S. A. Nickel, its adverse health effects & oxidative stress. Indian J.Med.Res. 2008;128(4):412-425.
- Bruske-Hohlfeld, I. Environmental and occupational risk factors for lung cancer. Methods Mol.Biol. 2009;472:3-23. PubMed
- Thyssen, J. P., Carlsen, B. C., and Menne, T. Nickel sensitization, hand eczema, and loss-of-function mutations in the filaggrin gene. Dermatitis 2008;19(6):303-307. DOI
- Nijhawan, R. I., Molenda, M., Zirwas, M. J., and Jacob, S. E. Systemic contact dermatitis. Dermatol.Clin. 2009;27(3):355-64, vii. PubMed
- Zhang, Z., Chau, P. Y., Lai, H. K., and Wong, C. M. A review of effects of particulate matter-associated nickel and vanadium species on cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Int.J.Environ.Health Res. 2009;19(3):175-185. PubMed
- Wataha, J. C. and Shor, K. Palladium alloys for biomedical devices. Expert.Rev.Med.Devices 2010;7(4):489-501. PubMed
- Garcia-Patos, V., Alomar, A., Lleonart, R., Cistero, A., and Matias-Guiu, X. [Subcutaneous nodules and sensitivity to aluminum in patients undergoing hyposensitivity immunotherapy]. Med.Cutan.Ibero.Lat.Am. 1990;18(2):83-88.
- van, Joost T. and Roesyanto-Mahadi, I. D. Combined sensitization to palladium and nickel. Contact Dermatitis 1990;22(4):227-228. PubMed
- Baur, X. [New occupational inhaled pollutants]. Pneumologie 1990;44 Suppl 1:397-398.
- Tossavainen, A. Estimated risk of lung cancer attributable to occupational exposures in iron and steel foundries. IARC Sci.Publ. 1990;(104):363-367.
- Ward, J. J., Thornbury, D. D., Lemons, J. E., and Dunham, W. K. Metal-induced sarcoma. A case report and literature review. Clin.Orthop.Relat Res. 1990;(252):299-306. DOI
- Sunderman, F. W., Jr. Carcinogenicity of metal alloys in orthopedic prostheses: clinical and experimental studies. Fundam.Appl.Toxicol. 1989;13(2):205-216. DOI
- Adachi, S. and Takemoto, K. [Occupational lung cancer. A comparison between humans and experimental animals]. Sangyo Igaku 1987;29(5):345-357. PubMed
- Sunderman, F. W., Jr. A review of the metabolism and toxicology of nickel. Ann.Clin.Lab Sci. 1977;7(5):377-398.
- Sky-Peck, H. H. Trace metals and neoplasia. Clin.Physiol Biochem. 1986;4(1):99-111.
- Roush, G. C. Epidemiology of cancer of the nose and paranasal sinuses: current concepts. Head Neck Surg. 1979;2(1):3-11. PubMed
- Bencko, V. Nickel: a review of its occupational and environmental toxicology. J.Hyg.Epidemiol.Microbiol.Immunol. 1983;27(2):237-247.
- Ives, J. C., Buffler, P. A., and Greenberg, S. D. Environmental associations and histopathologic patterns of carcinoma of the lung: the challenge and dilemma in epidemiologic studies. Am.Rev.Respir.Dis. 1983;128(1):195-209. PubMed
- Ernst, P. and Theriault, G. Known occupational carcinogens and their significance. Can.Med.Assoc.J. 4-1-1984;130(7):863-867. DOI
- Langard, S. and Stern, R. M. Nickel in welding fumes--a cancer hazard to welders? A review of epidemiological studies on cancer in welders. IARC Sci.Publ. 1984;(53):95-103.
- Langard, S. Prevention of lung cancer through the use of knowledge on asbestos and other work-related causes--Norwegian experiences. Scand.J.Work Environ.Health 1994;20 Spec No:100-107.
- Ruegger, M. [Lung disorders due to metals]. Schweiz.Med.Wochenschr. 3-11-1995;125(10):467-474.
- Wingren, G. and Axelson, O. Epidemiologic studies of occupational cancer as related to complex mixtures of trace elements in the art glass industry. Scand.J.Work Environ.Health 1993;19 Suppl 1:95-100.
- Shen, H. M. and Zhang, Q. F. Risk assessment of nickel carcinogenicity and occupational lung cancer. Environ.Health Perspect. 1994;102 Suppl 1:275-282. PubMed
- Herfs, H., Schirren, C. G., Przybilla, B., and Plewig, G. ["Baboon syndrome". A particular manifestation of hematogenous contact reaction]. Hautarzt 1993;44(7):466-469.
- Reger, R. B. and Morgan, W. K. Respiratory cancers in mining. Occup.Med. 1993;8(1):185-204.
- Kohout, J., Ouda, Z., and Hora, M. [Risk factors in carcinoma of the prostate]. Cas.Lek.Cesk. 11-1-1995;134(21):679-680.
- Wataha, J. C. and Hanks, C. T. Biological effects of palladium and risk of using palladium in dental casting alloys. J.Oral Rehabil. 1996;23(5):309-320. PubMed
- Lewis, C. G. and Sunderman, F. W., Jr. Metal carcinogenesis in total joint arthroplasty. Animal models. Clin.Orthop.Relat Res. 1996;(329 Suppl):S264-S268. PubMed
- Savolainen, H. Biochemical and clinical aspects of nickel toxicity. Rev.Environ.Health 1996;11(4):167-173. PubMed
- Moulin, J. J. A meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies of lung cancer in welders. Scand.J.Work Environ.Health 1997;23(2):104-113. PubMed
- Smith, C. J., Livingston, S. D., and Doolittle, D. J. An international literature survey of "IARC Group I carcinogens" reported in mainstream cigarette smoke. Food Chem.Toxicol. 1997;35(10-11):1107-1130. PubMed
- Di Gioacchino M, Ricciardi L, De Pità O, et al. Nickel oral hyposensitization in patients with systemic nickel allergy syndrome. Ann Med. 2014 Feb;46(1):31-7. Epub 2013 Nov 21. PubMed
- Delimar D, Bohacek I, Pastar Z, Lipozencic J. Orthopedic and Cutaneous Reactions to Nickel after Total Hip Replacement. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat. 2018 Apr;26(1):39-43. Review.
- Maridet C, Atge B, Amici JM, Taïeb A, Milpied B. The electronic cigarette: the new source of nickel contact allergy of the 21st century? Contact Dermatitis. 2015 Jul;73(1):49-50. Epub 2015 Mar 20. PubMed
- Dominguez-Massa C, Bel-Minguez AM, Perez-Guillen M, Berbel-Bonillo A, Hornero-Sos F. Mitral Ring Extraction due to Nickel Allergy. Ann Thorac Surg. 2018 Apr;105(4):e177-e178. Epub 2017 Dec 20. PubMed
- Díaz Palacios MA, López-Salgueiro R, Mencía Sanchez G, Martínez Romero A, Morales-Rubio A, Hernández Fernández de Rojas D. Chronic Urticaria After Implantation of a Mitral Annuloplasty Ring in a Nickel-Allergic Patient. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2 PubMed
- Alinaghi F, Bennike NH, Egeberg A, Thyssen JP, Johansen JD. Prevalence of contact allergy in the general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Contact Dermatitis. 2019 Feb;80(2):77-85. PubMed
- Shim TN, Kosztyuova T. Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Electronic Cigarette. Dermatitis. 2018 Mar/Apr;29(2):94-95. PubMed
- Fung E, Fong MW, Correa AJ, Yoon AJ, Grazette LP. Fulminant eosinophilic myocarditis following ICD implantation in a patient with undisclosed nickel allergy. Int J Cardiol. 2016 Jan 15;203:1018-9. PubMed
- Ledon JA, Tosti A. CrossFit-Associated Allergic Contact Dermatitis. Dermatitis. 2017 Nov/Dec;28(6):368. PubMed
This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC
Brands that make products with Nickel
147 brands in our database make a supplement containing Nickel.
Supplement products with Nickel
687 products in our database contain Nickel. Open any to see its full ingredient list and every drug interaction we check.
Nickel: Common Questions
What is Nickel used for, and does it work?
Does Nickel interact with prescription medications?
How are Nickel interactions rated?
Is it safe to take Nickel with my medications?
Where does this Nickel interaction information come from?
Do I need to take a Nickel supplement?
Is Nickel safe to take?
I'm allergic to Nickel jewelry — should I avoid Nickel in food or supplements?
Which foods contain Nickel?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Products that contain Nickel
A rotating sample of real supplements in our database that list Nickel — open any to see its full ingredients and every drug interaction we check.
- Central-Vite by Rite Aid Pharmacy
- CertaVite With Antioxidants by Major
- Complete Women's Health Senior by Kroger
- Optimal Balance For Women by Hardy Nutritionals
- Complete Multivitamin by Equate
- Diabetes Advanced Support Packs by DC
- Optimal Balance For Men by Hardy Nutritionals
- Multi+ Vita-Lea Gold Without Vitamin K by Shaklee
- Performance Multi Energy Formula by Kirkland Signature
- 50 Plus Theratrum Complete by Nature's Blend
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