BioSil Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking BioSil against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
BioSil is a dietary supplement by Natural Factors with 2 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for hair, skin, and nail health, bone health and osteoporosis, joint and connective tissue support.Based on those ingredients, 16 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated minor. The ingredients most likely to interact are Choline. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against BioSil by Natural Factors
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with BioSil by Natural Factors — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of BioSil by Natural Factors
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
BioSil contains 2 active ingredients: silicon and choline. Silicon is included for its possible role in bone health, particularly for osteoporosis; the evidence is still evolving.
Choline is an essential nutrient your body uses for multiple functions, though its specific roles in the conditions this product targets aren't yet well established in research. The capsule also contains silicon dioxide, purified water, and a capsule shell as inactive ingredients.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
The evidence for silicon in osteoporosis is possibly effective—meaning the science suggests a benefit, but more research would strengthen that claim. For hair loss (androgenic alopecia) and gum and implant health (dental peri-implantitis), there isn't enough reliable evidence yet to say whether silicon helps or doesn't.
Choline in this product is rated possibly ineffective for athletic performance and has insufficient evidence for the other conditions listed on the label, so we don't know yet whether it'll help with those.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Silicon from food and water is generally well tolerated, but long-term safety at high supplement doses hasn't been thoroughly studied, so caution is warranted if you're using this long-term. Choline is generally safe in food amounts, though high-dose supplements can cause side effects—the daily upper limit is 3.5 grams.
At very high doses (9 grams or more daily), choline can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and a fishy body odor. Both ingredients are rated likely safe in pregnancy and lactation, though choline's needs are higher while breastfeeding and should be managed under professional guidance.
Meds to double-check
Minor interactions only
Before you take BioSil, double-check with your doctor or pharmacist if you're on atropine or any anticholinergic medications. Choline may reduce how these drugs work.
If you take any other prescription or over-the-counter medications, use the interaction checker below to verify there are no other concerns.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Only minor medication interactions are documented, and safety information is well characterized.
BioSil might be worth considering if you're interested in bone health support, though the evidence is still developing. If you take atropine or any other prescription medications, check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting—choline can interact with certain drugs.
Keep in mind that high doses of choline can cause digestive upset and fishy body odor, so stick to the label dose. A conversation with your doctor or pharmacist about whether this fits your health goals is always a smart move.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 2 of 2 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated May 22, 2020.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about BioSil, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Natural Factors |
|---|---|
| Net contents | 60 Small Vegan Liquid Capsule(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | May 22, 2020 |
| DSLD ID | 220185 |
| Product type | Single Vitamin And Mineral |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for BioSil by Natural Factors, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Silicon | 5 mg | -- |
| Choline | 100 mg | 18% |
Other ingredients: Silicon Dioxide, purified Water, Capsule Shell
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Directions: Take 1 capsule, two times daily.
Clinical Facts Choline-Stabilized Orthosilicic Acid (ch-OSA) Clinically Proven Dosage ch-OSA clinically proven 1 capsule, 2 times daily
Precautions
Consult your healthcare professional prior to use if you have, or suspect a medical condition, are taking prescription drugs, or are pregnant or lactating.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Formulation
Vegan
This product does not contain soy, dairy, egg, corn, wheat, gluten, fish/shellfish, nuts/tree nuts.
Generate your own collagen naturally Beautiful skin, hair and nails Healthy bones and joints
Reduces fine lines & wrinkles Increases skin elasticity Thickens & strengthens hair Strengthens nails Promotes healthy bones & joints Increases collagen formation Helps protect existing collagen
Advanced Collagen Generator After age 21, collagen levels decline by 1.0-1.5% every year. BioSil is clinically proven to increase collagen formation. Best of all, BioSil works through your body natural collagen-generating pathways. That's why all the collagen you gain with BioSil has your own DNA fingerprint. You have our assurance that it is never promoted through foreign animal sources.
Ethically produced BioSil is created by leading collagen researchers and maintains the highest ethical standards, from formulation to manufacturing.
No artificial colors or flavors Non-GMO
Sustainably sourced Manufactured in solar powered facility MWU (minimal water use) compliant
No animal parts or sea organisms
Increase your 3 beauty proteins The condition of your hair, skin, and nails depends on 3 proteins, known as your "3 beauty proteins." BioSil increases all three. Collagen: reduces fine lines and wrinkles Elastin: tightens skin and gives it "bounce back". Keratin: increases hair thickness and strength, increases nail strength.
Brand IP Statement(s)
ch-OSA, BioSil, the ch-OSA logo and Advanced Collagen Generator are registered trademarks of Bio Minerals NV.
2019 Bio Minerals NV
U.S. Patents 7,968,528 and other patents pending.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statement have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Formula
ch-OSA Original formula
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Storage
Store at 59-86 degrees F (15-30 degrees C). Protect from light and moisture.
General Statements
Clinically proven results BioSil has been clinically proven in double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials. Results are published in prestigious, peer-reviewed medical journals, all with a high citation index.
New
ch-OSA has been tested in rigorous double-blind placebo controlled clinical trials for both efficacy and safety. The results are published in peer reviewed medical journals (see insert for details). Made in Belgium
Seals/Symbols
isura Non-GMO - Mass Spec Documentation Lab tested
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
BioSil by Natural Factors label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in BioSil by Natural Factors
These are the 2 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container60 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Silicon
No knowninteractions
Silicon is a trace mineral found in the body and in foods like oats, barley, and certain fruits and vegetables, and it is popular in supplements for h...
Silicon monograph & interactionsCholine
Interacts with16 drugs
Choline is an essential nutrient your body needs for liver function, brain health, and nerve signaling, and many people get enough from foods like egg...
Choline monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Silicon Dioxide, Purified Water, Capsule Shell. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
BioSil by Natural Factors Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
BioSil by Natural Factors contains silicon and choline.
Choline has documented interactions with 16 individual medications overall, though for this product the interaction we have on file is with atropine (an anticholinergic medication used for certain conditions and sometimes as an antidote). Choline may theoretically reduce atropine's effects in the brain, though this is based on animal research rather than human studies.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Silicon itself carries no documented interactions in our data. Altogether, these interactions span 16 individual medications.
If you take atropine or any other prescription medication, run your full medication list through the interaction checker on this page before you start BioSil. Your doctor or pharmacist can let you know if any of your drugs need monitoring or timing adjustments when combined with this supplement.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against BioSil?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in BioSil interact with 16 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
1 of the 2 ingredients in BioSil interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Choline
AtropineSal-Tropine
How Atropine interacts with BioSil — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CholineAtropine Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Read the full Choline + Atropine interactionAtropine SulfateAtropine Sulfate, Isopto Atropine
How Atropine Sulfate interacts with BioSil — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CholineAtropine Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Read the full Choline + Atropine Sulfate interactionAtropine, Benzoic Acid, Hyoscyamine, Methenamine, Methylene Blue, PhenylAtrosept
How Atropine, Benzoic Acid, Hyoscyamine, Methenamine, Methylene Blue, Phenyl interacts with BioSil — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CholineAtropine Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Read the full Choline + Atropine, Benzoic Acid, Hyoscyamine, Methenamine, Methylene Blue, Phenyl interactionAtropine, Benzoic Acid, Hyoscyamine, Methenamine, Methylene Blue, Phenyl SalicylateUrinary Antiseptic 2, Urised
How Atropine, Benzoic Acid, Hyoscyamine, Methenamine, Methylene Blue, Phenyl Salicylate interacts with BioSil — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CholineAtropine Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Read the full Choline + Atropine, Benzoic Acid, Hyoscyamine, Methenamine, Methylene Blue, Phenyl Salicylate interactionAtropine, Chlorpheniramine, Hyoscyamine, Phenylephrine, Phenylpropanolamine, ScopolamineAtrohist Plus, Pro Tuss, Ru-tuss, Stahist
How Atropine, Chlorpheniramine, Hyoscyamine, Phenylephrine, Phenylpropanolamine, Scopolamine interacts with BioSil — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CholineAtropine Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Read the full Choline + Atropine, Chlorpheniramine, Hyoscyamine, Phenylephrine, Phenylpropanolamine, Scopolamine interactionAtropine, DifenoxinMotofen
How Atropine, Difenoxin interacts with BioSil — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CholineAtropine Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Read the full Choline + Atropine, Difenoxin interactionAtropine, DiphenoxylateLofene, Lomotil
How Atropine, Diphenoxylate interacts with BioSil — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CholineAtropine Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Read the full Choline + Atropine, Diphenoxylate interactionAtropine, Hyoscyamine, PhenobarbitalHypnaldyne
How Atropine, Hyoscyamine, Phenobarbital interacts with BioSil — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CholineAtropine Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Read the full Choline + Atropine, Hyoscyamine, Phenobarbital interactionAtropine, Hyoscyamine, Phenobarbital, ScopolamineBarbidonna No. 2, Belladonna Phenobarbital
How Atropine, Hyoscyamine, Phenobarbital, Scopolamine interacts with BioSil — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CholineAtropine Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Read the full Choline + Atropine, Hyoscyamine, Phenobarbital, Scopolamine interactionAtropine, Hyoscyamine, ScopolamineColytrol
How Atropine, Hyoscyamine, Scopolamine interacts with BioSil — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CholineAtropine Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Read the full Choline + Atropine, Hyoscyamine, Scopolamine interactionAtropine, Hyoscyamine, Scopolamine, PhenobarbitalBarbeloid, Donnatal #2, Donphen
How Atropine, Hyoscyamine, Scopolamine, Phenobarbital interacts with BioSil — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CholineAtropine Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Read the full Choline + Atropine, Hyoscyamine, Scopolamine, Phenobarbital interactionAtropine, PhenobarbitalAnthrocol
How Atropine, Phenobarbital interacts with BioSil — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CholineAtropine Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Read the full Choline + Atropine, Phenobarbital interactionAtropine, MeperidineAtropine, Meperidine
How Atropine, Meperidine interacts with BioSil — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CholineAtropine Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Read the full Choline + Atropine, Meperidine interactionAtropine, Morphine SulfateAtropine, Morphine Sulfate
How Atropine, Morphine Sulfate interacts with BioSil — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CholineAtropine Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Read the full Choline + Atropine, Morphine Sulfate interactionBelladonna Alkaloids, PhenobarbitalBarbidonna, Donnatal
How Belladonna Alkaloids, Phenobarbital interacts with BioSil — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CholineAtropine Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Read the full Choline + Belladonna Alkaloids, Phenobarbital interactionEdrophonium, AtropineEnlon-Plus
How Edrophonium, Atropine interacts with BioSil — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CholineAtropine Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Read the full Choline + Edrophonium, Atropine interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in BioSil with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Choline
Atropine
Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Animal research shows that administering choline one hour before administering atropine can attenuate atropine-induced decreases in brain levels of acetylcholine. Theoretically, concomitant use of choline and atropine may decrease the effects of atropine.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for BioSil, from the product label.
Natural Factors
See all Natural Factors products- Name
- Natural Factors
- Street Address
- 14224 167th Street SE
- City
- Monroe
- State
- WA
- ZipCode
- 98272
BioSil by Natural Factors: Common Questions
Does BioSil by Natural Factors interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Can I take BioSil while pregnant or breastfeeding?
Will BioSil actually help my thinning hair or strengthen my nails?
What are the side effects of BioSil?
Is it safe to take BioSil long-term?
Can I take BioSil if I'm on blood pressure or heart medications?
What exactly is silicon, and why is it in this supplement?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if BioSil is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind BioSil’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Silicon
Silicon is a trace mineral found in the body and in foods like oats, barley, and certain fruits and vegetables, and it is popular in supplements for hair, skin, nail, and bone health. Some s...
Read the full Silicon monograph → Herb & supplement monographCholine
Interacts with 16 drugsCholine is an essential nutrient your body needs for liver function, brain health, and nerve signaling, and many people get enough from foods like eggs, meat, and fish. Supplements may help...
Read the full Choline monograph →Sources & How We Checked
BioSil's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 33 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Silicon 19 references
- Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
- Jugdaohsingh R, Anderson SH, Tucker KL, et al. Dietary silicon intake and absorption. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;75:887-93. PubMed
- Ichiyanagi O, Sasagawa I, Adachi Y, et al. Silica urolithiasis without magnesium trisilicate intake. Urol Int 1998;61:39-42. PubMed
- Levison DA, Crocker PR, Banim S, Wallace DM. Silica stones in the urinary bladder. Lancet 1982;1:704-5. PubMed
- Lee MH, Lee YH, Hsu TH, et al. Silica stone--development due to long time oral trisilicate intake. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1993;27:267-9. PubMed
- Cruz Guerra, N. A., Gomez Garcia, M. A., Lovaco, Castellano F., Saez Garrido, J. C., Garcia, Cuerpo E., and Escudero, Barrilero A. [Silica urolithiasis: report of a new case]. Actas Urol.Esp 2000;24(2):202-204.
- Merget, R., Bauer, T., Kupper, H. U., Philippou, S., Bauer, H. D., Breitstadt, R., and Bruening, T. Health hazards due to the inhalation of amorphous silica. Arch Toxicol. 2002;75(11-12):625-634. PubMed
- Khuder, S. A., Peshimam, A. Z., and Agraharam, S. Environmental risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis. Rev Environ Health 2002;17(4):307-315. PubMed
- McLaughlin, J. K., Chow, W. H., and Levy, L. S. Amorphous silica: a review of health effects from inhalation exposure with particular reference to cancer. J Toxicol.Environ Health 4-25-1997;50(6):553-566. DOI
- Pelucchi, C., Pira, E., Piolatto, G., Coggiola, M., Carta, P., and La, Vecchia C. Occupational silica exposure and lung cancer risk: a review of epidemiological studies 1996-2005. Ann.Oncol. 2006;17(7):1039-1050. PubMed
- Gillissen, A., Gessner, C., Hammerschmidt, S., Hoheisel, G., and Wirtz, H. [Health significance of inhaled particles]. Dtsch.Med Wochenschr. 3-24-2006;131(12):639-644.
- Hu, J. F., Qu, H., and Wang, J. Z. [Meta analysis for relationship between exposure of free silicon dioxide and lung tumor]. Zhonghua Lao.Dong.Wei Sheng Zhi.Ye.Bing.Za Zhi. 2006;24(7):415-417.
- Jugdaohsingh, R. Silicon and bone health. J Nutr Health Aging 2007;11(2):99-110.
- Lacasse, Y., Martin, S., Gagne, D., and Lakhal, L. Dose-response meta-analysis of silica and lung cancer. Cancer Causes Control 2009;20(6):925-933. PubMed
- McCormic, Z. D., Khuder, S. S., Aryal, B. K., Ames, A. L., and Khuder, S. A. Occupational silica exposure as a risk factor for scleroderma: a meta-analysis. Int Arch Occup.Environ Health 2010;83(7):763-769. PubMed
- Haddad, F. S. and Kouyoumdjian, A. Silica stones in humans. Urol.Int 1986;41(1):70-76. PubMed
- Tervaert, J. W., Stegeman, C. A., and Kallenberg, C. G. Silicon exposure and vasculitis. Curr Opin.Rheumatol 1998;10(1):12-17. PubMed
- Steenland, K. and Stayner, L. Silica, asbestos, man-made mineral fibers, and cancer. Cancer Causes Control 1997;8(3):491-503. PubMed
- Boqué N, Valls RM, Pedret A, Puiggrós F, Arola L, Solà R. Relative absorption of silicon from different formulations of dietary supplements: a pilot randomized, double-blind, crossover post-prandial study. Sci Rep 2021;11(1):16479. PubMed
Choline 14 references
- Yates AA, Schlicker SA, Suitor CW. Dietary reference intakes: The new basis for recommendations for calcium and related nutrients, B vitamins, and choline. J Am Diet Assoc 1998;98:699-706. PubMed
- Cho E, Willett WC, Colditz GA, et al. Dietary choline and betaine and the risk of distal colorectal adenoma in women. J Natl Cancer Inst 2007;99:1224-31. PubMed
- Schmidt, C., Abicht, A., Krampfl, K., Voss, W., Stucka, R., Mildner, G., Petrova, S., Schara, U., Mortier, W., Bufler, J., Huebner, A., and Lochmuller, H. Congenital myasthenic syndrome due to a novel missense mutation in the gene encoding choline acetyl
- Tamminga, C., Smith, R. C., Chang, S., Haraszti, J. S., and Davis, J. M. Depression associated with oral choline. Lancet 10-23-1976;2(7991):905. PubMed
- Wood, J. L. and Allison, R. G. Effects of consumption of choline and lecithin on neurological and cardiovascular systems. Fed.Proc. 1982;41(14):3015-3021.
- Growdon, J. H. and Gelenberg, A. J. Choline and lecithin administration to patients with tardive dyskinesia. Trans.Am.Neurol.Assoc. 1978;103:95-99.
- Smith, C. M., Swash, M., Exton-Smith, A. N., Phillips, M. J., Overstall, P. W., Piper, M. E., and Bailey, M. R. Choline therapy in Alzheimer's disease. Lancet 8-5-1978;2(8084):318. PubMed
- Morrison, L. M. and W. F. Gonzales. Choline in coronary atherosclerosis. Amer.Heart J. 1950;39:729.
- Christie, J. G. Blackburn 1. M. Glen A. I. M. Zeisel S. Shering A. & Yates C. M. Effects of choline and lecithin on CSF choline levels and on cognitive functioning in patients with presenile dementia of the Alzheimer type. Nutrition and the brain 1979;5
- Sidhu N, Davies S, Nadarajah A, et al. Oral choline supplementation for postoperative pain. Br J Anaesth 2013;111(2):249-55. PubMed
- Wozniak JR, Fuglestad AJ, Eckerle JK, et al. Choline supplementation in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders has high feasibility and tolerability. Nutr Res. 2013;33(11):897-904. PubMed
- Wozniak JR, Fuglestad AJ, Eckerle JK, et al. Choline supplementation in children with fetal alcohol disorders: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015;102(5): 1113-25.
- Ross RG, Hunter SK, McCarthy L, et al. Perinatal choline effects on neonatal pathophysiology related to later schizophrenia risk. Am J Psychiatry. 2013;170(3):290-8. PubMed
- Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Choline. Dietary Reference Intakes: Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B-6, Vitamin B-12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline. Washington D.C.: National Academy Press; 1998:390-422.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC