Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health is a dietary supplement by Natural Factors with 6 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for thinning mucus in lung conditions, acetaminophen (tylenol) overdose treatment, antioxidant and glutathione support.Based on those ingredients, 2,116 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Marshmallow extract, Wild Cherry extract, N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health by Natural Factors
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health by Natural Factors — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
Ask the Pharmacist
A licensed pharmacist will answer your question by email — free, usually within 24 hours.
Got it — thank you!
A licensed pharmacist will answer within 24 hours. Keep an eye on your email (worth checking spam, just in case).
HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health by Natural Factors
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
This product contains 6 active ingredients. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is a compound derived from the amino acid L-cysteine that helps break down mucus in the lungs and respiratory tract.
Marshmallow extract, mullein extract, and wild cherry extract are herbal ingredients traditionally used for respiratory support. Bromelain is an enzyme derived from pineapple that has proteolytic (protein-breaking) activity.
Ivy extract is included as a proprietary blend. The tablet also contains inactive ingredients — microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, a coating, and magnesium stearate — which are standard binders and fillers.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
The evidence for these ingredients varies widely. N-acetyl cysteine is rated effective for acetaminophen poisoning, atelectasis (collapsed lung tissue), bronchial diagnostic studies, and tracheostomy care, and possibly effective for bronchitis.
For marshmallow extract, bromelain, mullein extract, and wild cherry extract, the evidence in our data is rated insufficient — we don't have reliable data to say whether they work for their intended respiratory uses. Effectiveness ratings for these ingredients in treating cough, bronchitis, or other respiratory conditions have not been established in the data we hold.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
N-acetyl cysteine is generally well tolerated at typical doses. The most common side effects when taken by mouth are diarrhea, dry mouth, upset stomach, heartburn, nausea, and vomiting — most of these occur at doses above 9 grams per single dose or more than 30 grams daily.
Joint pain has been reported in clinical trials. Marshmallow extract is generally well tolerated for short-term use, but human safety data are limited.
Mullein extract is similarly well tolerated short-term, with rare case reports of skin irritation from topical exposure. Wild cherry contains cyanide-forming compounds — the product is considered safe in small amounts used in commercial cough products, but large amounts can be dangerous.
Bromelain is generally well tolerated by mouth but may cause diarrhea, gas, stomach upset, or headache. Allergic reactions, including asthma-like symptoms if inhaled, have been reported in people sensitive to bromelain.
During pregnancy, safety data for marshmallow extract, mullein extract, and bromelain are insufficient — talk with your doctor before use. Wild cherry is rated likely unsafe in pregnancy.
Breastfeeding safety data are not sufficient for any of these ingredients except wild cherry, which should be avoided.
Meds to double-check
Major interaction found
If you take nitroglycerin (for angina), do not use this product without talking to your prescriber first — the interaction is major. Check your blood pressure medications, blood thinners (anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs like warfarin or aspirin), the antimalarial chloroquine, and any drugs metabolized by CYP3A4 (including certain statins and antifungal medications).
If you take tetracycline antibiotics or lithium, also flag those with your pharmacist before starting.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
This product may help with respiratory and sinus health, but N-acetyl cysteine carries significant interactions — especially if you take nitroglycerin or blood pressure medications. If you're on any prescription or over-the-counter drugs, check them with the tool on this page before you start.
Talk to your pharmacist or doctor, particularly if you're pregnant, breastfeeding, or taking blood thinners or heart medications.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 5 of 6 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated May 22, 2021.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Natural Factors |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 068958035055 |
| Net contents | 90 Tablet(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | May 22, 2021 |
| DSLD ID | 247485 |
| Product type | Other Combinations |
| Supplement form | Tablet Or Pill |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Children 4 or More Years of Age, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free, Sugar Free |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health by Natural Factors, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine | 200 mg | -- |
| Marshmallow extract | 100 mg | -- |
| Mullein extract | 100 mg | -- |
| Wild Cherry extract | 100 mg | -- |
| Ivy extract | 50 mg | -- |
| Bromelain | 100 mg | -- |
| Hederocoside C | 5 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Croscarmellose Sodium, Coating, Magnesium Stearate
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Seals/Symbols
Isura Non-GMO - Mass spec Documentation - Lab tested
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested Usage: Adults and children over 12 years of age: 1 tablet 3–4 times per day or as directed by a health professional. Children 6–12 years of age: 1 tablet 3 times per day or as directed by a health professional.
Precautions
Cautions: As with any supplement, consult your health professional before use if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or trying to conceive, or if you are taking medication, have a medical condition, or anticipate a surgery.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Sealed for your protection. Do not use if seal is broken.
Formulation
Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health is a natural source formula designed to nourish and support the entire respiratory system.
Manufactured by Natural Factors to ensure safety and potency in accordance with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) of the FDA and Health Canada.
Contains no artificial preservatives or sweeteners; no dairy, starch, sugar, wheat, gluten, yeast, soy, egg, fish, shellfish, salt, tree nuts, or GMOs.
Respiratory health
Storage
For freshness, store in a cool, dry place.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
General Statements
Product in Canada Recyclable container and label.
Item # Q058140
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Formula
GDU (Gelatin Digesting Units)
Brand IP Statement(s)
Isura is a registered trademark of ISURA
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health by Natural Factors label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health by Natural Factors
These are the 6 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine
Interacts with294 drugs
N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is a supplement form of the amino acid cysteine and a building block for the antioxidant glutathione. It has well-established...
N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine monograph & interactionsMarshmallow extract
Interacts with2,040 drugs
Marshmallow root is a traditional herb rich in soothing, gel-like fibers called mucilage, which is why it has long been used for coughs, sore throats,...
Marshmallow extract monograph & interactionsMullein extract
Interacts with122 drugs
Mullein is a traditional herbal remedy most often used as a tea or syrup to soothe coughs, sore throats, and respiratory irritation. High-quality huma...
Mullein extract monograph & interactionsWild Cherry extract
Interacts with643 drugs
Wild cherry bark is a traditional cough remedy found in many old-fashioned cough syrups and lozenges, but there is little modern scientific evidence p...
Wild Cherry extract monograph & interactionsIvy extract
Interacts with280 drugs
English ivy leaf extract is most commonly used in cough and cold syrups to help loosen mucus and ease coughing, and it is a popular ingredient in many...
Ivy extract monograph & interactions- › Hederocoside C
Bromelain
Interacts with141 drugs
Bromelain is a group of protein-digesting enzymes from pineapple that people take mainly for inflammation, swelling, and sinus problems. Some early st...
Bromelain monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Croscarmellose Sodium, Coating, Magnesium Stearate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health by Natural Factors Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Natural Factors' Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health contains ingredients with documented interactions, most notably N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), which carries a major interaction with nitroglycerin.
If you take nitroglycerin — whether as a patch or injection — NAC can cause severe low blood pressure (hypotension) and severe headaches, and the combination should be avoided.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
N-acetyl cysteine also has moderate interactions with blood pressure medications (antihypertensives), blood thinners (anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs), and the antimalarial chloroquine. Marshmallow extract may theoretically affect lithium levels due to potential diuretic effects, and it can slow absorption of oral medications — take it 30–60 minutes apart from other drugs.
Wild cherry extract may inhibit how your body breaks down certain medications metabolized by CYP3A4 enzymes, including some statins and antifungal drugs. Bromelain carries a moderate interaction with blood thinners and a minor one with tetracycline antibiotics.
Mullein extract and anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs have a minor documented interaction. We could not check Hederocoside C for interactions.
Altogether, these interactions span 2,082 individual medications. Use the medication checker below with your exact prescriptions and over-the-counter drugs before starting this product.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health interact with 2,116 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
6 of the 6 ingredients in Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Marshmallow extract Wild Cherry extract N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine Ivy extract Bromelain Mullein extract
NitroglycerinGonitro, Nitro Time, Nitro-Bid, Nitrocine Timecaps, Nitrogard, Nitrogard SR +7 more
How Nitroglycerin interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
N-acetyl-l-cysteineNitroglycerin Major
Interaction Summary
N-acetyl cysteine can increase the risk for hypotension and headaches when taken with intravenous or transdermal nitroglycerin.
Read the full N-acetyl-l-cysteine + Nitroglycerin interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Nitroglycerin interactionAdo-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
N-acetyl-l-cysteineAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, N-acetyl cysteine might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full N-acetyl-l-cysteine + Abciximab interactionBromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Abciximab interactionMarshmallow ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Oral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, marshmallow flower might have antiplatelet effects.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Abciximab interactionMullein ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Lab tests on extracts from different parts of common and dense-flowered mullein plants show that they do have some blood-thinning effects, as they increase the time it takes for blood to clot.
Read the full Mullein Extract + Abciximab interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Abemaciclib interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Abiraterone interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Abiraterone Acetate interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Abrocitinib interactionN-acetyl-l-cysteineAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, N-acetyl cysteine might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full N-acetyl-l-cysteine + Abrocitinib interactionIvy ExtractCytochrome P450 2c19 (cyp2c19) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
Read the full Ivy Extract + Abrocitinib interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Abrocitinib interactionMullein ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Lab tests on extracts from different parts of common and dense-flowered mullein plants show that they do have some blood-thinning effects, as they increase the time it takes for blood to clot.
Read the full Mullein Extract + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acalabrutinib interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acalabrutinib interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
N-acetyl-l-cysteineAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, N-acetyl cysteine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full N-acetyl-l-cysteine + Acebutolol interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acebutolol interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Acenocoumarol interactionN-acetyl-l-cysteineAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, N-acetyl cysteine might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full N-acetyl-l-cysteine + Acenocoumarol interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acenocoumarol interactionMullein ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Lab tests on extracts from different parts of common and dense-flowered mullein plants show that they do have some blood-thinning effects, as they increase the time it takes for blood to clot.
Read the full Mullein Extract + Acenocoumarol interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
N-acetyl-l-cysteineAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, N-acetyl cysteine might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full N-acetyl-l-cysteine + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionBromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionMullein ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Lab tests on extracts from different parts of common and dense-flowered mullein plants show that they do have some blood-thinning effects, as they increase the time it takes for blood to clot.
Read the full Mullein Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionWild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionN-acetyl-l-cysteineAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, N-acetyl cysteine might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full N-acetyl-l-cysteine + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionMarshmallow ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Oral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, marshmallow flower might have antiplatelet effects.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionMullein ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Lab tests on extracts from different parts of common and dense-flowered mullein plants show that they do have some blood-thinning effects, as they increase the time it takes for blood to clot.
Read the full Mullein Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionIvy ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Ivy Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Ivy ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Ivy Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Ivy ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Ivy Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Ivy ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Ivy Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionWild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionIvy ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Ivy Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Ivy ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Ivy Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionWild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionIvy ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Ivy Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Ivy ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Ivy Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionWild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionIvy ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Ivy Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, DextromethorphanCoricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Ivy ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Ivy Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionWild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan HydrobromideCoricidin HBP Maximum Strength Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionIvy ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Ivy Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PhenylpropanolamineMulti Symptom Cold Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Ivy ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Ivy Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionWild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PseudoephedrineChildren's Tylenol Cold Plus Cough, Tylenol Cold Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionIvy ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Ivy Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic GG
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylephrineAlka-Seltzer PLUS, Histex SR, Protid
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interacts with Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Cherry ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionMarshmallow ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Marshmallow extract
Lithium
Theoretically, due to potential diuretic effects, marshmallow might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Marshmallow is thought to have diuretic properties. To avoid lithium toxicity, the dose of lithium might need to be decreased when used with marshmallow.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, marshmallow flower might have antiplatelet effects.
Animal research suggests that marshmallow flower extract has antiplatelet effects. However, the root and leaf of marshmallow, not the flower, are the plant parts most commonly found in dietary supplements. Theoretically, use of marshmallow flower with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs can have additive effects, and might increase the risk for bleeding in some patients.
Oral Drugs
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Marshmallow contains mucilage which can affect oral drug absorption. To avoid changes in absorption, take marshmallow 30-60 minutes after oral medications.
Wild Cherry extract
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes. Theoretically, wild cherry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4. However, so far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Some drugs metabolized by CYP3A4 include lovastatin (Mevacor), ketoconazole (Nizoral), itraconazole (Sporanox), fexofenadine (Allegra), triazolam (Halcion), and others.
N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine
Nitroglycerin
N-acetyl cysteine can increase the risk for hypotension and headaches when taken with intravenous or transdermal nitroglycerin.
Clinical research shows that concomitant administration of N-acetyl cysteine and intravenous or transdermal nitroglycerin can cause severe hypotension and intolerable headaches. Furthermore, in vitro research suggests that N-acetyl cysteine increases the anticoagulant activity of nitroglycerin.
Activated Charcoal
N-acetyl cysteine might reduce the effects of activated charcoal, while activated charcoal might reduce the absorption of N-acetyl cysteine.
N-acetyl cysteine appears to reduce the capacity of activated charcoal to adsorb acetaminophen and salicylic acid. Conversely, although clinical research suggests that although activated charcoal can reduce the absorption of N-acetyl cysteine by up to 40%, it does not seem to reduce its clinical effects. Other clinical evidence suggests that activated charcoal does not affect the absorption of N-acetyl cysteine.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, N-acetyl cysteine might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Clinical research suggests that intravenous N-acetyl cysteine decreases prothrombin time, prolongs coagulation time, decreases platelet aggregation, and increases blood loss in surgical patients. Furthermore, in vitro research suggests that N-acetyl cysteine increases the anticoagulant activity of nitroglycerin.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, N-acetyl cysteine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Animal research suggests that N-acetyl cysteine potentiates the hypotensive effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) captopril and enalaprilat. Theoretically, combining N-acetyl cysteine with other antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Chloroquine (Aralen)
Theoretically, N-acetyl cysteine might interfere with the antimalarial effects of chloroquine.
Animal research suggests that N-acetyl cysteine might reduce the antimalarial effects of chloroquine by increasing cellular levels of glutathione.
Ivy extract
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
In vitro research shows that English ivy inhibits CYP2C19 enzymes. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (Cyp2C8) Substrates
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C8.
In vitro research shows that English ivy inhibits CYP2C8 enzymes. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research shows that English ivy inhibits CYP2D6 enzymes. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Bromelain
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
There is one case report of a patient experiencing minor bruising while taking bromelain with naproxen. Bromelain is thought to have antiplatelet activity. Whether this interaction is of concern with topical bromelain is unclear. Interference with coagulation of burn wounds has been reported in a patient receiving bromelain-based enzymatic debridement. However, observational research has found that topical bromelain debridement is not associated with increases or decreases in laboratory markers of coagulation when compared with surgical debridement.
Tetracycline Antibiotics
Theoretically, bromelain might increase levels of tetracycline antibiotics.
Laboratory research suggests that bromelain might increase the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics. However, a study in healthy adults reported no difference in tetracycline plasma levels when a 500 mg dose was taken with or without bromelain 80 mg.
Mullein extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Lab tests on extracts from different parts of common and dense-flowered mullein plants show that they do have some blood-thinning effects, as they increase the time it takes for blood to clot. This is likely due to at least one of the known constituents of muellein, triterpenoid saponins. However, the effects appear to be mild and results have been inconsistent. Extracts from different plant parts have been show to have varying anticoagulant strengths, with water-based ones being more potent than alcohol-based extracts.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health, from the product label.
Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health by Natural Factors: Common Questions
Does Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health by Natural Factors interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Will this help me with a cough or bronchitis?
Is it safe if I'm pregnant?
Can I take it while breastfeeding?
What's N-acetyl cysteine doing in here?
I take a blood thinner — is it safe?
Can I take this with my other oral medications?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
N-acetyl Cysteine (nac)
Interacts with 294 drugsN-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is a supplement form of the amino acid cysteine and a building block for the antioxidant glutathione. It has well-established prescription uses for acetaminophen over...
Read the full N-acetyl Cysteine (nac) monograph → Herb & supplement monographMarshmallow
Interacts with 2,040 drugsMarshmallow root is a traditional herb rich in soothing, gel-like fibers called mucilage, which is why it has long been used for coughs, sore throats, and stomach irritation. Evidence for th...
Read the full Marshmallow monograph → Herb & supplement monographMullein
Interacts with 122 drugsMullein is a traditional herbal remedy most often used as a tea or syrup to soothe coughs, sore throats, and respiratory irritation. High-quality human studies are lacking, so its benefits a...
Read the full Mullein monograph → Herb & supplement monographWild Cherry
Interacts with 643 drugsWild cherry bark is a traditional cough remedy found in many old-fashioned cough syrups and lozenges, but there is little modern scientific evidence proving it works. The bark, leaves, and s...
Read the full Wild Cherry monograph → Herb & supplement monographEnglish Ivy
Interacts with 280 drugsEnglish ivy leaf extract is most commonly used in cough and cold syrups to help loosen mucus and ease coughing, and it is a popular ingredient in many European herbal products. Some research...
Read the full English Ivy monograph → Herb & supplement monographBromelain
Interacts with 141 drugsBromelain is a group of protein-digesting enzymes from pineapple that people take mainly for inflammation, swelling, and sinus problems. Some early studies are promising, but the overall evi...
Read the full Bromelain monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Lung, Bronchial & Sinus Health's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 129 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
N-acetyl Cysteine (nac) 86 references
- Ellenhorn MJ, et al. Ellenhorn's Medical Toxicology: Diagnoses and Treatment of Human Poisoning. 2nd ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1997.
- Jepsen S, Hansen AB. The influence of N-acetylcysteine on the measurement of prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time in healthy subjects. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1994;54:543-7. PubMed
- van Zandwijk N, Dalesio O, Pastorino U, et al. EUROSCAN, a randomized trial of vitamin A and N-acetylcysteine in patients with head and neck cancer or lung cancer. For the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Head and Neck and Lung C DOI
- Horowitz RS, Dart RC, Jarvie DR, et al. Placental transfer of N-acetylcysteine following human maternal acetaminophen toxicity. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1997;35:447-51.
- Bailey B, McGuigan MA. Management of anaphylactoid reactions to intravenous N-acetylcysteine. Ann Emerg Med 1998;31:710-5. PubMed
- Spiller HA, Krenzelok EP, Grande GA, et al. A prospective evaluation of the effect of activated charcoal before oral N-acetylcysteine in acetaminophen overdose. Ann Emerg Med 1994;23:519-23. PubMed
- Ardissino D, Merlini PA, Savonitto S, et al. Effect of transdermal nitroglycerin or N-acetylcysteine, or both, in the long-term treatment of unstable angina pectoris. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;29:941-7. PubMed
- Horowitz JD, Henry CA, Syrjanen ML, et al. Nitroglycerine/N-acetylcysteine in the management of unstable angina pectoris. Eur Heart J 1988;9:95-100. PubMed
- Louwerse ES, Weverling GJ, Bossuyt PM, et al. Randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of acetylcysteine in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Arch Neurol 1995;52:559-64. PubMed
- Wiklund O, Fager G, Andersson A, et al. N-acetylcysteine treatment lowers plasma homocysteine but not serum lipoprotein(a) levels. Atherosclerosis 1996;119:99-106. PubMed
- De Flora S, Grassi C, Carati L. Attenuation of influenza-like symptomatology and improvement of cell-mediated immunity with long-term N-acetylcysteine treatment. Eur Respir J 1997;10:1535-41. PubMed
- Iversen HK. N-acetylcysteine enhances nitroglycerin-induced headache and cranial arterial responses. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1992;52:125-33. PubMed
- Behr J, Maier K, Degenkolb B, et al. Antioxidative and clinical effects of high-dose N-acetylcysteine in fibrosing alveolitis. Adjunctive therapy to maintenance immunosuppression. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997;156:1897-901.
- Tenenbein PK, Sitar DS, Tenenbein M. Interaction between N-acetylcysteine and activated charcoal: implications for the treatment of acetaminophen poisoning. Pharmacotherapy 2001;21:1331-6.
- Arstall MA, Yang J, Stafford I, et al. N-acetylcysteine in combination with nitroglycerin and streptokinase for the treatment of evolving acute myocardial infarction. Safety and biochemical effects. Circulation 1995;92:2855-62.
- Estensen RD, Levy M, Klopp SJ, et al. N-acetylcysteine suppression of the proliferative index in the colon of patients with previous adenomatous colonic polyps. Cancer Lett 1999;147:109-14. PubMed
- Pela R, Calcagni AM, Subiaco S, et al. N-acetylcysteine reduces the exacerbation rate in patients with moderate to severe COPD. Respiration 1999;66:495-500.. PubMed
- Oldemeyer JB, Biddle WP, Wurdeman RL, et al. Acetylcysteine in the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy after coronary angiography. Am Heart J 2003;146:E23. . PubMed
- Ekins BR, Ford DC, Thompson MI, et al. The effect of activated charcoal on N-acetylcysteine absorption in normal subjects. Am J Emerg Med. 1987;5(6):483-7. PubMed
- Chamberlain JM, Gorman RL, Oderda GM, Klein-Schwartz W, Klein BL. Use of activated charcoal in a simulated poisoning with acetaminophen: a new loading dose for N-acetylcysteine? Ann Emerg Med. 1993;22(9):1398-402. PubMed
- Renzi FP, Donovan JW, Martin TG, Morgan L, Harrison EF. Concomitant use of activated charcoal and N-acetylcysteine. Ann Emerg Med. 1985;14(6):568-72. DOI
- North DS, Peterson RG, Krenzelok EP. Effect of activated charcoal administration on acetylcysteine serum levels in humans. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1981;38(7):1022-4. DOI
- Loscalzo J. N-Acetylcysteine potentiates inhibition of platelet aggregation by nitroglycerin. J Clin Invest. 1985;76(2):703-8. PubMed
- Ruiz FJ, Salom MG, Inglés AC, et al. N-acetyl-L-cysteine potentiates depressor response to captopril and enalaprilat in SHRs. Am J Physiol. 1994;267(3 Pt 2):R767-72. PubMed
- Deharo E, Barkan D, Krugliak M, Golenser J, Ginsburg H. Potentiation of the antimalarial action of chloroquine in rodent malaria by drugs known to reduce cellular glutathione levels. Biochem Pharmacol. 2003;66(5):809-17. PubMed
- Buckley, N. A., Whyte, I. M., O'Connell, D. L., and Dawson, A. H. Oral or intravenous N-acetylcysteine: which is the treatment of choice for acetaminophen (paracetamol) poisoning? J Toxicol.Clin Toxicol. 1999;37(6):759-767.
- Sunman, W., Hughes, A. D., and Sever, P. S. Anaphylactoid response to intravenous acetylcysteine. Lancet 5-16-1992;339(8803):1231-1232. PubMed
- Reynard, K., Riley, A., and Walker, B. E. Respiratory arrest after N-acetylcysteine for paracetamol overdose. Lancet 9-12-1992;340(8820):675. PubMed
- BERNSTEIN, I. L. and AUSDENMOORE, R. W. IATROGENIC BRONCHOSPASM OCCURRING DURING CLINICAL TRIALS OF A NEW MUCOLYTIC AGENT, ACETYLCYSTEINE. Dis.Chest 1964;46:469-473. PubMed
- REAS, H. W. THE USE OF N-ACETYLCYSTEINE IN THE TREATMENT OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS. J Pediatr 1964;65:542-557. PubMed
- Bibi, H., Seifert, B., Oullette, M., and Belik, J. Intratracheal N-acetylcysteine use in infants with chronic lung disease. Acta Paediatr. 1992;81(4):335-339. PubMed
- Jepsen, S., Herlevsen, P., Knudsen, P., Bud, M. I., and Klausen, N. O. Antioxidant treatment with N-acetylcysteine during adult respiratory distress syndrome: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Crit Care Med 1992;20(7):918-923. PubMed
- Roes, E. M., Raijmakers, M. T., Boo, T. M., Zusterzeel, P. L., Merkus, H. M., Peters, W. H., and Steegers, E. A. Oral N-acetylcysteine administration does not stabilise the process of established severe preeclampsia. Eur.J Obstet.Gynecol.Reprod.Biol 2006
- Spiller, H. A., Winter, M. L., Klein-Schwartz, W., and Bangh, S. A. Efficacy of activated charcoal administered more than four hours after acetaminophen overdose. J Emerg.Med 2006;30(1):1-5. PubMed
- Tirouvanziam, R., Conrad, C. K., Bottiglieri, T., Herzenberg, L. A., Moss, R. B., and Herzenberg, L. A. High-dose oral N-acetylcysteine, a glutathione prodrug, modulates inflammation in cystic fibrosis. Proc Natl.Acad.Sci U.S.A 3-21-2006;103(12):4628-463
- Niemi, T. T., Munsterhjelm, E., Poyhia, R., Hynninen, M. S., and Salmenpera, M. T. The effect of N-acetylcysteine on blood coagulation and platelet function in patients undergoing open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Blood Coagul.Fibrinolysis 2006;1 PubMed
- Komisarof, J. A., Gilkey, G. M., Peters, D. M., Koudelka, C. W., Meyer, M. M., and Smith, S. M. N-acetylcysteine for patients with prolonged hypotension as prophylaxis for acute renal failure (NEPHRON). Crit Care Med 2007;35(2):435-441. PubMed
- Grimble, G. K. Adverse gastrointestinal effects of arginine and related amino acids. J Nutr 2007;137(6 Suppl 2):1693S-1701S. PubMed
- Berk, M., Copolov, D. L., Dean, O., Lu, K., Jeavons, S., Schapkaitz, I., Anderson-Hunt, M., and Bush, A. I. N-acetyl cysteine for depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder--a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Biol Psychiatry 9-15-2008;64(6) PubMed
- Shahin, A. Y., Hassanin, I. M., Ismail, A. M., Kruessel, J. S., and Hirchenhain, J. Effect of oral N-acetyl cysteine on recurrent preterm labor following treatment for bacterial vaginosis. Int J Gynaecol.Obstet. 2009;104(1):44-48. PubMed
- Nigwekar, S. U. and Kandula, P. N-acetylcysteine in cardiovascular-surgery-associated renal failure: a meta-analysis. Ann Thorac.Surg 2009;87(1):139-147. PubMed
- Sandilands, E. A. and Bateman, D. N. Adverse reactions associated with acetylcysteine. Clin Toxicol.(Phila) 2009;47(2):81-88. PubMed
- Wijeysundera, D. N., Karkouti, K., Rao, V., Granton, J. T., Chan, C. T., Raban, R., Carroll, J., Poonawala, H., and Beattie, W. S. N-acetylcysteine is associated with increased blood loss and blood product utilization during cardiac surgery. Crit Care Me PubMed
- Holdiness, M. R. Clinical pharmacokinetics of N-acetylcysteine. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1991;20(2):123-134. PubMed
- Dawson, A. H., Henry, D. A., and McEwen, J. Adverse reactions to N-acetylcysteine during treatment for paracetamol poisoning. Med J Aust. 3-20-1989;150(6):329-331.
- Rasmussen, J. B. and Glennow, C. Reduction in days of illness after long-term treatment with N-acetylcysteine controlled-release tablets in patients with chronic bronchitis. Eur.Respir.J 1988;1(4):351-355. DOI
- Walters, M. T., Rubin, C. E., Keightley, S. J., Ward, C. D., and Cawley, M. I. A double-blind, cross-over, study of oral N-acetylcysteine in Sjogren's syndrome. Scand J Rheumatol.Suppl 1986;61:253-258.
- Cato, A., Goldstein, I., and Millman, M. A double-blind parallel study of acetylcysteine-isoproterenol and saline-isoproterenol in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. J Int Med Res 1977;5(3):175-183. PubMed
- Parr, G. D. and Huitson, A. Oral Fabrol (oral N-acetyl-cysteine) in chronic bronchitis. Br.J.Dis.Chest 1987;81(4):341-348.
- Dano, G. Bronchospasm caused by acetylcysteine in children with bronchial asthma. Acta Allergol. 1971;26(3):181-190. DOI
- Howatt, W. F. and DeMuth, G. R. A double-blind study of the use of acetylcysteine in patients with cystic fibrosis. Univ Mich.Med Cent.J 1966;32(2):82-85.
- Millman, M. and Grundon, W. Use of acetylcysteine in bronchial asthma and emphysema. J Asthma Res 1969;6(4):199-209. PubMed
- Vale, J. A. and Wheeler, D. C. Anaphylactoid reaction to acetylcysteine. Lancet 10-30-1982;2(8305):988.
- Mant, T. G., Tempowski, J. H., Volans, G. N., and Talbot, J. C. Adverse reactions to acetylcysteine and effects of overdose. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 7-28-1984;289(6439):217-219. PubMed
- Myers, C., Bonow, R., Palmeri, S., Jenkins, J., Corden, B., Locker, G., Doroshow, J., and Epstein, S. A randomized controlled trial assessing the prevention of doxorubicin cardiomyopathy by N-acetylcysteine. Semin.Oncol 1983;10(1 Suppl 1):53-55.
- Miller, L. F. and Rumack, B. H. Clinical safety of high oral doses of acetylcysteine. Semin.Oncol 1983;10(1 Suppl 1):76-85.
- Boman, G., Backer, U., Larsson, S., Melander, B., and Wahlander, L. Oral acetylcysteine reduces exacerbation rate in chronic bronchitis: report of a trial organized by the Swedish Society for Pulmonary Diseases. Eur J Respir.Dis 1983;64(6):405-415.
- Tattersall, A. B., Bridgman, K. M., and Huitson, A. Irish general practice study of acetylcysteine (Fabrol) in chronic bronchitis. J Int Med Res 1984;12(2):96-101. PubMed
- Jackson, I. M., Barnes, J., and Cooksey, P. Efficacy and tolerability of oral acetylcysteine (Fabrol) in chronic bronchitis: a double-blind placebo controlled study. J Int Med Res 1984;12(3):198-206. PubMed
- Ho, S. W. and Beilin, L. J. Asthma associated with N-acetylcysteine infusion and paracetamol poisoning: report of two cases. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 9-24-1983;287(6396):876-877. PubMed
- Vale, J. A. and Buckley, B. M. Asthma associated with N-acetylcysteine infusion and paracetamol poisoning. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 10-22-1983;287(6400):1223. PubMed
- Bateman, D. N., Woodhouse, K. W., and Rawlins, M. D. Adverse reactions to N-acetylcysteine. Hum Toxicol. 1984;3(5):393-398. PubMed
- Gervais, S., Lussier-Labelle, F., and Beaudet, G. Anaphylactoid reaction to acetylcysteine. Clin Pharm 1984;3(6):586-587.
- Tattersall, A. B., Bridgman, K. M., and Huitson, A. Acetylcysteine (Fabrol) in chronic bronchitis--a study in general practice. J Int Med Res 1983;11(5):279-284. PubMed
- Casola, G. and vanSonnenberg, E. Skin damage from acetylcysteine leak during percutaneous abscess drainage. Radiology 1984;152(1):233. PubMed
- Aylward, M., Maddock, J., and Dewland, P. Clinical evaluation of acetylcysteine in the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis: a balanced double-blind trial with placebo control. Eur.J Respir.Dis.Suppl 1980;111:81-89.
- Long-term oral acetylcysteine in chronic bronchitis. a double-blind controlled study. Eur.J Respir.Dis.Suppl 1980;111:93-108.
- Chan, T. Y. and Critchley, J. A. Adverse reactions to intravenous N-acetylcysteine in Chinese patients with paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning. Hum Exp.Toxicol. 1994;13(8):542-544. PubMed
- Hansen, N. C., Skriver, A., Brorsen-Riis, L., Balslov, S., Evald, T., Maltbaek, N., Gunnersen, G., Garsdal, P., Sander, P., Pedersen, J. Z., and . Orally administered N-acetylcysteine may improve general well-being in patients with mild chronic bronchiti
- Reid, M. B., Stokic, D. S., Koch, S. M., Khawli, F. A., and Leis, A. A. N-acetylcysteine inhibits muscle fatigue in humans. J Clin Invest 1994;94(6):2468-2474. PubMed
- Chirkov, Y. Y. and Horowitz, J. D. N-Acetylcysteine potentiates nitroglycerin-induced reversal of platelet aggregation. J Cardiovasc.Pharmacol 1996;28(3):375-380. PubMed
- Hershkovitz, E., Shorer, Z., Levitas, A., and Tal, A. Status epilepticus following intravenous N-acetylcysteine therapy. Isr.J Med Sci 1996;32(11):1102-1104.
- Stavem, K. [Anaphylactic reaction to N-acetylcysteine after poisoning with paracetamol]. Tidsskr.Nor Laegeforen. 5-30-1997;117(14):2038-2039.
- Walton, N. G., Mann, T. A., and Shaw, K. M. Anaphylactoid reaction to N-acetylcysteine. Lancet 12-15-1979;2(8155):1298. PubMed
- Perry, H. E. and Shannon, M. W. Efficacy of oral versus intravenous N-acetylcysteine in acetaminophen overdose: results of an open-label, clinical trial. J Pediatr 1998;132(1):149-152. PubMed
- Kory, R. C., Hirsch, S. R., and Giraldo, J. Nebulization of N-acetylcysteine combined with a bronchodilator in patients with chronic bronchitis. A controlled study. Chest 1968;54(6):504-509. PubMed
- Nahir, A. M., Scharf, J. M., and Szargel, R. Effects of oral N-acetylcysteine on both ocular and oral manifestations of Sjogren's Syndrome. Curr Ther Res 1989;46:187-192.
- Charley, G., Dean, B. S., and Krenzelok, E. P. Oral N-acetylcysteine-induced urticaria: a case report. Vet.Hum Toxicol. 1987;29:477.
- Jenkins DD, Wiest DB, Mulvihill DM, et al. Fetal and neonatal effects of N-acetylcysteine when used for neuroprotection in maternal chorioamnionitis. J Pediatr. 2016 Jan;168:67-76.e6. PubMed
- Costa DLC, Diniz JB, Requena G, et al. Randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of N-acetylcysteine augmentation for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2017 Jul;78(7):e799-e773.
- Kranzer K, Elamin WF, Cox H, Seddon JA, Ford N, Drobniewski F. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of N-acetylcysteine in preventing aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity: implications for the treatment of multidrug-resistant TB.
- Wang W, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Xu L, Shi D. Severe chest pain due to N-acetylcysteine-induced esophagitis. Case Rep Med. 2019;2019:8057259.
- Li F, Welling MC, Johnson JA, et al. N-acetylcysteine for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: A small pilot study. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2020;30(1):32-37. PubMed
- Monti DA, Zabrecky G, Leist TP, et al. N-acetyl cysteine administration is associated with increased cerebral glucose metabolism in patients with multiple sclerosis: An exploratory study. Front Neurol. 2020;11:88. PubMed
- Gray KM, Carpenter MJ, Baker NL, et al. A double-blind randomized controlled trial of N-acetylcysteine in cannabis-dependent adolescents. Am J Psychiatry. 2012;169(8):805-12.
- Sarris J, Byrne G, Castle D, et al. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) augmentation in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A phase III, 20-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022;117:110550 PubMed
See these in context on the N-acetyl Cysteine (nac) monograph →
Marshmallow 5 references
- Monographs on the medicinal uses of plant drugs. Exeter, UK: European Scientific Co-op Phytother, 1997.
- Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
- Hage-Sleiman R, Mroueh M, Daher CF. Pharmacological evaluation of aqueous extract of Althaea officinalis flower grown in Lebanon. Pharm Biol 2011;49(3):327-33.
Mullein 2 references
- Castro AI, Carmona JB, Gonzales FG, Nestar OB. Occupational airborne dermatitis from gordolobo (Verbascum densiflorum). Contact Dermatitis 2006;55(5):301.
- Flores Echaiz C, Al Ali A, Cao AQ, Sasseville D. Simultaneous contact dermatitis caused by Asteraceae and Verbascum thapsus. Contact Dermatitis 2017;76(5):316-8.
Wild Cherry 4 references
- Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
- Budzinski JW, Foster BC, Vandenhoek S, Arnason JT. An in vitro evaluation of human cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibition by selected commercial herbal extracts and tinctures. Phytomedicine 2000;7:273-82. PubMed
- Pentore, R., Venneri, A., and Nichelli, P. Accidental choke-cherry poisoning: early symptoms and neurological sequelae of an unusual case of cyanide intoxication. Ital.J Neurol.Sci. 1996;17(3):233-235. PubMed
English Ivy 13 references
- Schulz V, Hansel R, Tyler VE. Rational Phytotherapy: A Physician's Guide to Herbal Medicine. Terry C. Telger, transl. 3rd ed. Berlin, GER: Springer, 1998.
- Fazio S, Pouso J, Dolinsky D, et al. Tolerance, safety and efficacy of Hedera helix extract in inflammatory bronchial diseases under clinical practice conditions: a prospective, open, multicentre postmarketing study in 9657 patients. Phytomedicine 2009;16 PubMed
- García M, Fernández E, Navarro JA, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis from Hedera helix L. Contact Dermatitis 1995;33(2):133-4.
- Hausen BM, Brohan J, Konig WA, et al. Allergic and irritant contact dermatitis from falcarinol and didehydrofalcarinol in common ivy (Hedera helix L.). Contact Dermatitis 1987;17(1):1-9.
- Mitchell, J. C. Allergic contact dermatitis from Hedera helix and Brassaia actinophylla (Araliaceae). Contact Dermatitis 1981;7(3):158-159.
- Boyle J, Harman RM. Contact dermatitis to Hedera helix (common ivy). Contact Dermatitis 1985;12(2):111-112. PubMed
- Yesudian PD, Franks A. Contact dermatitis from Hedera helix in a husband and wife. Contact Dermatitis 2002;46(2):125-126.
- Bregnbak D, Menné T, Johansen JD. Airborne contact dermatitis caused by common ivy (Hedera helix L. ssp. helix). Contact Dermatitis. 2015;72(4):243-4.
- Jones JM, White IR, White JM, McFadden JP. Allergic contact dermatitis to English ivy (Hedera helix)--a case series. Contact Dermatitis. 2009 Mar;60(3):179-80.
- Lurquin E, Swinnen I, Goossens A. Allergic contact dermatitis caused by Hedera helix arborescens and not by Hedera helix L. Contact Dermatitis. 2012;66(6):352-3.
- Paulsen E, Christensen LP, Andersen KE. Dermatitis from common ivy (Hedera helix L. subsp. helix) in Europe: past, present, and future. Contact Dermatitis. 2010;62(4):201-9.
- Rehman SU, Kim IS, Choi MS, Kim SH, Zhang Y, Yoo HH. Time-dependent Inhibition of CYP2C8 and CYP2C19 by Hedera helix Extracts, A Traditional Respiratory Herbal Medicine. Molecules. 2017;22(7). PubMed
- Kruttschnitt E, Wegener T, Zahner C, Henzen-Bücking S. Assessment of the Efficacy and Safety of Ivy Leaf (Hedera helix) Cough Syrup Compared with Acetylcysteine in Adults and Children with Acute Bronchitis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 May 4;2
Bromelain 19 references
- Nettis E, Napoli G, Ferrannini A, Tursi A. IgE-mediated allergy to bromelain. Allergy 2001;56:257-8. PubMed
- Taussig SJ, Batkin S. Bromelain, the enzyme complex of pineapple (Ananas comosus) and its clinical application. An update. J Ethnopharmacol 1988;22:191-203.. PubMed
- Bradbrook ID, Morrison PJ, Rogers HJ. The effect of bromelain on the absorption of orally administered tetracycline. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1978;6:552-4. PubMed
- Bush TM, Rayburn KS, Holloway SW, et al. Adverse interactions between herbal and dietary substances and prescription medications: a clinical survey. Altern Ther Health Med 2007;13:30-5.
- Brien S, Lewith G, Walker AF, et al. Bromelain as an adjunctive treatment for moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized placebo-controlled pilot study. QJM 2006;99:841-50. PubMed
- Mori S, Ojima Y, Hirose T, et al. The clinical effect of proteolytic enzyme containing bromelain and trypsin on urinary tract infection evaluated by double blind method. Acta Obstet Gynaecol Jpn 1972;19:147-53.
- Glaser D, Hilberg T. The influence of bromelain on platelet count and platelet activity in vitro. Platelets 2006;17:37-41. PubMed
- Heinicke R M, van der Wal L, Yokoyama M. Effect of bromelain (Ananase) on human platelet aggregation. Experientia 1972;28:844-5. PubMed
- Gailhofer, G., Wilders-Truschnig, M., Smolle, J., and Ludvan, M. Asthma caused by bromelain: an occupational allergy. Clin Allergy 1988;18(5):445-450. PubMed
- Mattei, O., Fabri, G., and Farina, G. [Occupational health experience regarding four cases of asthma due to bromelain (author's transl)]. Medicina del Lavoro 1979;70(5):404-409.
- Galleguillos, F. and Rodriguez, J. C. Asthma caused by bromelin inhalation. Clin Allergy 1978;8(1):21-24. PubMed
- Perez-Camo I, Quirce S, Duran MA, and et al. Latex allergy: evidence of cross-reactivity with papain and bromelain [abstract]. Allergy 1996;51(suppl 31):48.
- Martin GJ, Ehrenreich J, and Asbell N. Bromelain: pineapple proteases with anti-edema activity. Exp Med Surg 1962;20:227-247.
- Kasemsuk T, Saengpetch N, Sibmooh N, Unchern S. Improved WOMAC score following 16-week treatment with bromelain for knee osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2016 Oct;35(10):2531-40. PubMed
- Kutlu Ö, DemirbaS A, Elmas ÖF, Güvenç U, Metin A. Fixed drug eruption: a new side effect of bromelain. Contact Dermatitis 2020. Online ahead of print. PubMed
- Shoham Y, Shapira E, Haik J, et al. Bromelain-based enzymatic debridement of chronic wounds: Results of a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Wound Repair Regen 2021;29(6):899-907. PubMed
- Pfister P, Garcia Wendel PD, Kim BS, et al. Coagulation side effects of enzymatic debridement in burned patients. Burns 2022. PubMed
- Hasham S, Riyat H, Fletcher A, O'Boyle CP, Alexander S. To bleed or not to bleed? Case series and discussion of haemorrhage risk with enzymatic debridement in burn injuries. Scars Burn Heal 2023;9:20595131231168333. PubMed
- Leelakanok N, Petchsomrit A, Janurai T, Saechan C, Sunsandee N. Efficacy and safety of bromelain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Health 2023. PubMed
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC