Passion Flower Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Passion Flower against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Passion Flower is a dietary supplement by Botanic Choice with 1 active ingredient. Its ingredients are commonly taken for anxiety and stress, trouble sleeping, restlessness.Based on those ingredients, 836 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Passion Flower extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Passion Flower by Botanic Choice
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Passion Flower by Botanic Choice — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Passion Flower by Botanic Choice
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
This liquid contains one active ingredient: passion flower extract. Passion flower is a plant used traditionally to help calm anxiety and promote sleep.
The product also contains glycerin and water as inactive ingredients to deliver the extract.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
Passion flower is possibly effective for insomnia and for easing anxiety before medical procedures. The evidence for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and benzodiazepine withdrawal is insufficient — we don't yet have reliable data to know whether it works for those uses.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Passion flower is generally well tolerated, though it commonly causes drowsiness. Other reported side effects include confusion, dizziness, and sensitivity reactions.
One case report described severe nausea, vomiting, and heart rhythm changes at very high doses, all of which resolved when the supplement was stopped. The safety data advises against passion flower during pregnancy because its effects on the uterus aren't well understood.
There isn't enough information to know whether it's safe while breastfeeding, so it's best avoided then too.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking this product, check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take sedative medications (like benzodiazepines, sleeping pills, or other CNS depressants) — the combination can intensify drowsiness and sedation. You should also confirm it's safe with any medications that depend on OATP transporters or CYP3A4 liver enzymes, since passion flower may alter how your body handles them.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Passion flower may be worth considering if you're looking for help with sleep or pre-procedure anxiety and want to explore herbal options. The biggest concern is combining it with sedative medications — that's a conversation to have with your doctor or pharmacist before you start.
If you're pregnant or breastfeeding, check with your own healthcare provider about whether this is right for you.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 1 of 1 active ingredient matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Apr 25, 2019.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Passion Flower, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Botanic Choice |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 703308200782 |
| Net contents | 1 fl. Oz.; 30 mL |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Apr 25, 2019 |
| DSLD ID | 199565 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Liquid |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Passion Flower by Botanic Choice, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Total Carbohydrates | 1 Gram(s) | 1% |
| Passion Flower extract | 145 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Glycerin, Water
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Statement of Identity
Herbal Supplement
General Statements
Trusted since 1910 4:1 extract
Formulation
Alcohol free liquid extract
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested use: As a dietary supplement, take 1 mL (approx. 28 drops) three times daily, in a small amount of water.
Shake well.
Precautions
Warning: If you are taking any medications or are pregnant or nursing do not use prior to consulting a physician.
Use only if seal is unbroken.
Keep out of reach of children
Storage
Best if used by date on bottle. Store in a dry, cool place.
Brand IP Statement(s)
IBG Indiana Botanic Gardens
General
C-104671
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Passion Flower by Botanic Choice label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Passion Flower by Botanic Choice
This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 mL Dosage formLiquid Amounts shown are per serving.
Passion Flower extract
Interacts with836 drugs
Passion flower is a traditional calming herb that many people use for anxiety and sleep. Early studies hint it may help with mild anxiety and restless...
Passion Flower extract monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Glycerin, Water. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Passion Flower by Botanic Choice Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Botanic Choice Passion Flower has documented interactions with several medication types.
The most serious concern is with sedative drugs (CNS depressants) — a Moderate-severity interaction where passion flower's own sedative effects can add to those medications, raising the risk of excess drowsiness and related side effects.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Passion flower may also theoretically reduce how well your body absorbs certain medications that depend on specific transport proteins (OATP substrates), and it might decrease the effects of some drugs your liver breaks down through the CYP3A4 pathway. Both of these are Minor-severity interactions based on lab research, though real-world significance remains unclear.
Altogether, these interactions span 837 individual medications. Use the interaction checker below to search your exact prescriptions before you start.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Passion Flower?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Passion Flower interact with 836 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
1 of the 1 ingredient in Passion Flower interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Passion Flower extract
AmitriptylineElavil
How Amitriptyline interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Amitriptyline interactionAmitriptyline, ChlordiazepoxideLimbitrol DS
How Amitriptyline, Chlordiazepoxide interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Amitriptyline, Chlordiazepoxide interactionAmitriptyline, PerphenazineEtrafon, Etrafon-A, Etrafon-Forte, Triavil
How Amitriptyline, Perphenazine interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Amitriptyline, Perphenazine interactionAmobarbitalAmytal
How Amobarbital interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Amobarbital interactionAmobarbital, Ephedrine SulfateEphedrine & Amytal
How Amobarbital, Ephedrine Sulfate interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Amobarbital, Ephedrine Sulfate interactionAmobarbital, SecobarbitalTuinal
How Amobarbital, Secobarbital interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Amobarbital, Secobarbital interactionAprobarbital, Butabarbital, PhenobarbitalTriple Barbital
How Aprobarbital, Butabarbital, Phenobarbital interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Aprobarbital, Butabarbital, Phenobarbital interactionAripiprazoleAbilify, Abilify Maintena, Abilify Mycite
How Aripiprazole interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Aripiprazole interactionAripiprazole LauroxilAristada, Aristada Initio Kit
How Aripiprazole Lauroxil interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Aripiprazole Lauroxil interactionAspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine PhosphateFiorinal w/ Codeine
How Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine Phosphate interactionAspirin, Caffeine, Codeine PhosphateAnacin w/ Codeine
How Aspirin, Caffeine, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Aspirin, Caffeine, Codeine Phosphate interactionAspirin, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine BitartrateSynalgos DC
How Aspirin, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine Bitartrate interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Aspirin, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine Bitartrate interactionAspirin, Caffeine, HydrocodoneDamason-P
How Aspirin, Caffeine, Hydrocodone interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Aspirin, Caffeine, Hydrocodone interactionAspirin, Caffeine, Phenacetin, PropoxypheneMargesic Comp. 65
How Aspirin, Caffeine, Phenacetin, Propoxyphene interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Aspirin, Caffeine, Phenacetin, Propoxyphene interactionAspirin, Carisoprodol, Codeine PhosphateSoma Compound w/ Codeine
How Aspirin, Carisoprodol, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Aspirin, Carisoprodol, Codeine Phosphate interactionAspirin, Codeine PhosphateAspirin w/ Codeine
How Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate interactionAspirin, Codeine Phosphate, MethocarbamolRobaxisal C
How Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Methocarbamol interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Methocarbamol interactionAspirin, Codeine Phosphate, PhenobarbitalPhenaphen
How Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Phenobarbital interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Phenobarbital interactionAspirin, Diphenhydramine, PhenylpropanolamineAlka Seltzer Plus Night Time Effervescent
How Aspirin, Diphenhydramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Aspirin, Diphenhydramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAspirin, Ethoheptazine, MeprobamateEquagesic
How Aspirin, Ethoheptazine, Meprobamate interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Aspirin, Ethoheptazine, Meprobamate interactionAspirin, HydrocodoneAlor 5 500, Lortab ASA
How Aspirin, Hydrocodone interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Aspirin, Hydrocodone interactionAspirin, OxycodonePercodan
How Aspirin, Oxycodone interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Aspirin, Oxycodone interactionAspirin, PentazocineTalwin Compound
How Aspirin, Pentazocine interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Aspirin, Pentazocine interactionAtropine, Hyoscyamine, PhenobarbitalHypnaldyne
How Atropine, Hyoscyamine, Phenobarbital interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Atropine, Hyoscyamine, Phenobarbital interactionAtropine, Hyoscyamine, Phenobarbital, ScopolamineBarbidonna No. 2, Belladonna Phenobarbital
How Atropine, Hyoscyamine, Phenobarbital, Scopolamine interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Atropine, Hyoscyamine, Phenobarbital, Scopolamine interactionAtropine, Hyoscyamine, Scopolamine, PhenobarbitalBarbeloid, Donnatal #2, Donphen
How Atropine, Hyoscyamine, Scopolamine, Phenobarbital interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Atropine, Hyoscyamine, Scopolamine, Phenobarbital interactionAtropine, PhenobarbitalAnthrocol
How Atropine, Phenobarbital interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Atropine, Phenobarbital interactionAtropine, MeperidineAtropine, Meperidine
How Atropine, Meperidine interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Atropine, Meperidine interactionAtropine, Morphine SulfateAtropine, Morphine Sulfate
How Atropine, Morphine Sulfate interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Atropine, Morphine Sulfate interactionBelladona Extract, PhenobarbitalChardonna-2
How Belladona Extract, Phenobarbital interacts with Passion Flower — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passion Flower ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passion Flower Extract + Belladona Extract, Phenobarbital interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Passion Flower with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Passion Flower extract
Cns Depressants
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Research in animals and humans shows that passion flower has sedative effects which can be additive when used with sedative medications like lorazepam.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that passion flower can induce CYP3A4 enzymes, albeit to a much lower degree than rifampin, a known CYP3A4 inducer.
Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide Substrates (Oatp)
Theoretically, passion flower might reduce the bioavailability of OATP2B1 and OATP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that the passion flower constituents apigenin and vitexin inhibit OATP2B1 and OATP1A2. This inhibition may be dose-dependent. One specific high-flavonoid passion flower extract (Valverde) seems to inhibit OATP2B1 and OATP1A2, while another extract with a lower flavonoid concentration (Arkocaps) shows less potent inhibition. OATPs are responsible for the uptake of drugs and other compounds into the body; however, the specific activities of OATP2B1 and OATP1A2 are not well characterized.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Passion Flower, from the product label.
Botanic Choice
See all Botanic Choice products- Name
- Indiana Botanic Gardens, Inc.
- Street Address
- 3401 W. 37th Ave.
- City
- Hobart
- State
- IN
- ZipCode
- 46342
- Phone Number
- 1-800-644-8327
- Web Address
- www.botanicchoice.com
Passion Flower by Botanic Choice: Common Questions
Does Passion Flower by Botanic Choice interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Will this make me drowsy?
Can I take this if I'm on a sleep medication or anti-anxiety drug?
Is it safe to use while pregnant?
What if I'm breastfeeding?
Does this work for ADHD or coming off benzodiazepines?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Passion Flower is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Passion Flower’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Sources & How We Checked
Passion Flower's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 19 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Passion Flower 19 references
- Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
- The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
- Fisher AA, Purcell P, Le Couteur DG. Toxicity of Passiflora incarnata L. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 2000;38:63-6.
- Akhondzadeh S, Naghavi HR, Shayeganpour A, et al. Passionflower in the treatment of generalized anxiety: a pilot double-blind randomized controlled trial with oxazepam. J Clin Pharm Ther 2001;26:363-7. PubMed
- Farnsworth N, Bingel A, Cordell G, et al. Potential value of plants as sources of new antifertility agents I. J Pharm Sci 1975;64:535-98. DOI
- Mori A, Hasegawa K, Murasaki M, et al. Clinical evaluation of Passiflamin (passiflora extract) on neurosis - multicenter double blind study in comparison with mexazolam. Rinsho Hyoka (Clinical Evaluation) 1993;21:383-440.
- Miyasaka LS, Atallah AN, Soares BG. Passiflora for anxiety disorder. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007;(1):CD004518. DOI
- Speroni E., Minghetti A. Neuropharmacological activity of extracts from Passiflora incarnata. Planta Med. 1988;54:488-91.
- Capasso A., Sorrentino L. Pharmacological studies on the sedative and hypnotic effect of Kava kava and Passiflora extracts combination. Phytomedicine. 2005;12:39-45. PubMed
- Carrasco MC, Vallejo JR, Pardo-de-Santayana M, et al. Interactions of Valeriana officinalis L. and Passiflora incarnata L. in a patient treated with lorazepam. Phytother Res. 2009 Dec;23:1795-6.
- Smith, G. W., Chalmers, T. M., and Nuki, G. Vasculitis associated with herbal preparation containing Passiflora extract. Br J Rheumatol. 1993;32(1):87-88.
- Soulimani, R., Younos, C., Jarmouni, S., Bousta, D., Misslin, R., and Mortier, F. Behavioural effects of Passiflora incarnata L. and its indole alkaloid and flavonoid derivatives and maltol in the mouse. J Ethnopharmacol. 1997;57(1):11-20. PubMed
- Nojoumi M, Ghaeli P, Salimi S, Sharifi A, Raisi F. Effects of Passion Flower Extract, as an Add-On Treatment to Sertraline, on Reaction Time in Patients ?with Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study. Iran J Psychiatry. 2016;1
- Rokhtabnak F, Ghodraty MR, Kholdebarin A, et al. Comparing the Effect of Preoperative Administration of Melatonin and Passiflora incarnata on Postoperative Cognitive Disorders in Adult Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery. Anesth Pain Med. 2016;7(1):e4123 PubMed
- Dantas LP, de Oliveira-Ribeiro A, de Almeida-Souza LM, Groppo FC. Effects of passiflora incarnata and midazolam for control of anxiety in patients undergoing dental extraction. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2017;22(1):e95-e101. PubMed
- Ozturk Z, Kalayci CC. Pregnancy outcomes in psychiatric patients treated with passiflora incarnata. Complement Ther Med. 2018 Feb;36:30-32. PubMed
- da Cunha RS, Amorim KS, Gercina AC, et al. Herbal medicines as anxiolytics prior to third molar surgical extraction. A randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig. 2020. PubMed
- Schäfer AM, Gilgen PM, Spirgi C, et al. Constituents of Passiflora incarnata, but Not of Valeriana officinalis, Interact with the Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides (OATP)2B1 and OATP1A2. Planta Med. 2021. PubMed
- Mazzari ALDA, Lacerda MG, Milton FA, et al. In vitro effects of European and Latin-American medicinal plants in CYP3A4 gene expression, glutathione levels, and P-glycoprotein activity. Front Pharmacol 2022;13:826395. PubMed
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC