HomeNDC LookupIngredientsHydromorphone Hydrochloride › 00641-2341-41
Hydromorphone Hydrochloride 2 mg/mL Injection — NDC 00641-2341-41 package photo

Hydromorphone Hydrochloride 2 mg/mL Injection

by Hikma Pharmaceuticals USA Inc. · 20 VIAL in 1 CARTON (0641-2341-41) / 20 mL in 1 VIAL (0641-2341-39)
NDC 00641-2341-41
🏷️ FDA NDC (as labeled) 0641-2341-41 billing pads the labeler segment with a zero
Rx only On market CII
🗂️ Data synced Jul 24, 2026 · sources: openFDA · FDA label (DailyMed) · FDA Orange & Purple Book · First Databank · CMS NADAC, ASP, Medicare & Medicaid · RxNorm
📋 All sources & update times →

🆔 Identity & classification

FDA NDC (as labeled) 0641-2341-41
Product NDC 0641-2341
11-digit billing NDC 00641234141
NCPDP billing unit ML — per mL (volume)
RxCUI 897745, 1724276
UNII L960UP2KRW
SPL Set ID b325028e-0722-4c8c-9fdb-ab6fb0dc460c
Established class (EPC) Opioid Agonist
Mechanism of action Full Opioid Agonists
DEA schedule CII
Marketing category UNAPPROVED DRUG OTHER
Marketing status On market
FDA listing status Listed (active directory)
Marketing start 1972-01-01
Route INTRAMUSCULAR, INTRAVENOUS, SUBCUTANEOUS
Dosage form INJECTION
Substance HYDROMORPHONE HYDROCHLORIDE
GPI-14 65100035102010
GPI class HYDROmorphone HCl
GCN Seq No 004106
GCN 16100
HICL code 001695
Ingredient (HICL) Hydromorphone Hcl
HIC1 code H
Therapeutic class — broad (HIC1) Nervous System (Except Autonomic)
HIC2 code H3
Therapeutic class — intermediate (HIC2) Analgesics
HIC3 code H3A
Therapeutic class — specific (HIC3) Opioid Analgesics
AHFS code 28:08.08.00
AHFS class Opioid Agonists (28:08)
FDB label name HYDROMORPHONE 2 MG/ML VIAL
FDB brand name Hydromorphone Hcl
Legend status F — Federal legend — prescription drug or device
Why two NDCs? The FDA registers this code as 0641-2341-41 — a 4-4-2 layout, and that's what's printed on the package and shown on DailyMed. For insurance claims, every NDC is standardized to a uniform 11-digit 5-4-2 format by adding a zero to the labeler segment → 00641-2341-41. Same drug, same package — only the format differs.
Where does this data come from?
Identifiers from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory and Structured Product Labeling; RxCUI from RxNorm (NLM); GPI from Medi-Span; GCN / HIC / AHFS / legend from First Databank.

🏷️ RxNorm drug class

This medicine belongs to the Opioid Agonist class.

Pharmacologic class Opioid Agonist
Drug family (ATC) Natural opium alkaloids
How it works Full Opioid Agonists
Where does this data come from?
Therapeutic classes from RxNorm RxClass (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Established Pharmacologic Class (FDA), ATC drug family (WHO) and mechanism of action, matched by this product’s RxCUI.

🏭 Manufacturer & labeler

LabelerHikma Pharmaceuticals USA Inc.
Labeler code00641
First marketedJan 1972
DEA scheduleCII
Product typeHuman Prescription Drug
Portfolio726 products on file
The labeler markets the product; the application holder owns the FDA approval. They’re often the same company but can differ (e.g. a repackager or an authorized generic). A mailing address / phone appears here when the manufacturer includes it in the product’s FDA label (not all do).
Where does this data come from?
Labeler, application holder and registered establishment from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory and Drugs@FDA; address/contact from the product’s FDA label.

🩺 Clinical

Label name HYDROMORPHONE 2 MG/ML VIAL Ingredient Hydromorphone Hcl
📖 What it is MedlinePlus · NLM

Hydromorphone injection is used to relieve severe pain. Hydromorphone injection is in a class of medications called opiate (narcotic) analgesics. It works by changing the way the brain and nervous system respond to pain.

Read the full MedlinePlus article ↗
📗 Our plain-language guide HelloPharmacist
  • Hydromorphone is a strong opioid pain reliever — think of it as a more concentrated relative of morphine. Your doctor prescribed it because your pain is severe enough that other op...
  • What exactly is hydromorphone and why did my doctor prescribe it instead of something else?
  • This is one of the most important things to understand about hydromorphone: combining it with alcohol, benzodiazepines (like Xanax or Valium), sleep aids, or any other sedating sub...
  • Is it safe to take a sleep aid, anxiety pill, or have a glass of wine while on this?
📖 Read our full Hydromorphone guide →
Where does this data come from?
Plain-language summary from MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine); supplement & herbal interactions and nutrient depletion data from the Natural Medicines database; our full guide is HelloPharmacist editorial content.

🧪 Inactive Ingredients / Excipients

Inactive ingredients, also called excipients, are components of the drug product other than the active ingredient. They may include fillers, dyes, coatings, preservatives, flavors, or other formulation ingredients.

💡 Tap an ingredient (hover on desktop) to see what it is and why it’s used.

  • 0.5 mg / 1 mL UNII 7FLD91C86K
    Edetate disodium is a chemical compound that binds and removes certain metal ions. In medicines, it acts as a preservative and stabilizer by preventing metals like calcium from interfering with the product's shelf life and consistency.
  • UNII QTT17582CB
    A strong acid used to adjust and maintain the proper pH level in liquid medicines, ensuring stability and preventing breakdown of active ingredients.
  • 1.8 mg / 1 mL UNII A2I8C7HI9T
    Methylparaben is a preservative derived from benzoic acid that prevents growth of bacteria, fungi, and mold in medicines. It extends the product's shelf life and maintains safety during storage.
  • 0.2 mg / 1 mL UNII Z8IX2SC1OH
    Propylparaben is a chemical preservative used to prevent bacterial and fungal growth in medicines and personal care products. It helps extend shelf life and maintain product safety during storage.
  • UNII 55X04QC32I
    A strong alkaline chemical used to adjust and maintain the pH balance of liquid medicines. It helps keep the medicine stable and ensures it stays effective during storage.
  • UNII 059QF0KO0R
    Water is a liquid solvent that dissolves and mixes ingredients together in liquid medicines, syrups, and injections. It helps distribute the active drug evenly throughout the product.

6 inactive ingredients listed in the exact product block matched to this NDC.

Where does this data come from?
Data sourced from official FDA Structured Product Labeling (SPL) via DailyMedingredient classCode="IACT" elements from the exact product block matched by this NDC. Label-section narrative from DailyMed / the openFDA label index is shown separately when available.

Inactive ingredient FAQ

Are inactive ingredients the same for every manufacturer?
No. Inactive ingredients can differ by manufacturer, dosage form, strength, and package / product version.
Why might an inactive ingredient be missing?
Some SPLs do not provide a complete structured inactive-ingredient list, and older or unusual labels may only include the information in narrative text.
Can inactive ingredients matter?
Yes. They can matter for allergies, intolerances, dyes, gluten / lactose concerns, preservatives, and formulation differences — but confirm with a pharmacist or the manufacturer when it’s clinically important.

💲 Pricing

A drug doesn't have one price. Each row is a different public payment system, and none is what you'd pay at the counter — that depends on your insurance. The ⓘ on each row explains what it measures.

Price systemPer eachPer package
Retail pharmacies payNADAC · weekly Not in the retail survey — common for institutional, discontinued, or low-volume packs.
Medicaid paysCMS SDUD · 12 mo $1.05 $20.97 / 20 vials
Medicare drug plans payPart D · quarterly No Part D plan price is available for this NDC in our data.
Medicare Part B allowsASP · J1171 $0.136 / J1171 unit
Where does this data come from?
NADAC (National Average Drug Acquisition Cost) is the CMS weekly pharmacy-acquisition-cost survey — what pharmacies pay. ASP (Average Sales Price) is the CMS Medicare Part B drug-payment file, published quarterly. Medicaid pays is computed by us from CMS State Drug Utilization Data (total reimbursed ÷ units, trailing 12 months) — gross of rebates and inclusive of dispensing fees, so it reflects what Medicaid paid, not an acquisition cost. Medicare drug plans pay is the median negotiated point-of-sale unit cost across plans listing this NDC in the CMS quarterly Prescription Drug Plan pricing files, before rebates. The VA pays is the federal contract price (FSS, and the statutory Big 4 ceiling where listed) from the VA National Acquisition Center pharmaceutical price file. All are free public government data; each measures a different payer, so the figures are not directly comparable.

🧾 Billing & reimbursement

FDA NDC (as labeled)0641-2341-41
11-digit billing NDC00641-2341-41
Format4-4-2 as registered → padded to 5-4-2 for billing (zero added to the labeler segment)
HCPCS J-codeJ1171
DescriptorINJECTION, HYDROMORPHONE, 0.1 MG
Billing units / pkg20 units
Crosswalk sourcePDAC NDC-HCPCS crosswalk (DME MAC / DMEPOS)
Where does this data come from?
The HCPCS J-code crosswalk comes from the CMS ASP NDC-HCPCS crosswalk and the DMEPDAC (DME MAC) NDC-HCPCS crosswalk — free public CMS data. Billing units are derived from the code’s descriptor and the package amount.

🔁 Therapeutic equivalents

ProductLabelerPackNADAC/unitTEStatusPrice vs. this
Hydromorphone Hydrochloride 2 mg/mL 00641-6151-25 Hikma 25 vials $2.740 AP Availability likely
Hydromorphone Hydrochloride 2 mg/mL 63323-0853-25 Fresenius 25 vials $2.740 AP Availability likely
Hydromorphone Hydrochloride 2 mg/mL 00409-1312-30 Hospira, 10 cartridges $3.245 Availability likely
Hydromorphone Hydrochloride 2 mg/mLthis 00641-2341-41 Hikma 20 vials FDA listed
Hydromorphone Hydrochloride 2 mg/mL 00641-6254-01 Hikma 1 vial FDA listed
Dilaudid 2 mg/mL 76045-0010-11 Fresenius 10 syringes AP FDA listed
Hydromorphone Hydrochloride 2 mg/mL 00409-3365-10 Hospira, 10 vials FDA listed
Hydromorphone Hydrochloride 2 mg/mL 00641-6170-10 Hikma 10 syringes AP FDA listed
About this product: other versions of the same ingredient, strength and form are listed above, least expensive first, with FDA equivalence ratings where available.
Where does this data come from?
Equivalents are other NDCs of the same ingredient, form and route from the openFDA NDC Directory, ranked least-expensive-first by NADAC. Therapeutic-equivalence (AB) ratings come from the FDA Orange Book; biologics use the FDA Purple Book for biosimilar & interchangeable status.

Availability & generic status

🏛️
1972
On the market since
Jan 1972
📍
2026
Currently FDA-listed
54 years listed
🔓
·
Generic versions listed
see equivalents
Generic appears available

FDA-approved generic versions are listed, and recent pricing/market data suggests they may be available — see Therapeutic equivalents.

Where does this data come from?
Patents and exclusivity from the FDA Orange Book (small-molecule drugs), refreshed from public FDA data. Generic launch timing is an estimate, not a guarantee.

🗺️ Medicaid utilization & spend

📍 This exact package only: Medicaid data is reported per full 11-digit NDC — labeler, product and pack size — so every number here is for 00641-2341-41, not the drug overall. Other pack sizes report separately.
💊 Pharmacy benefit only: These are Medicaid outpatient pharmacy claims, billed by NDC. They exclude the medical benefit — clinic- or hospital-administered drugs billed under HCPCS J-codes — so drugs used mostly that way (e.g. Avastin, Lucentis, Keytruda) can look low or missing here. That’s expected, not an error.
📅 Q1 2025 – Q4 2025 · 4 quarters of data
ⓘ The newest quarter is usually incomplete when first published; states restate recent quarters in later CMS releases, so the latest figures typically revise upward. State coverage-policy changes can also shift quarter-to-quarter totals.
Prescriptions last 4 qtrs
127
Units reimbursed last 4 qtrs
1.7K
Gross reimbursed last 4 qtrs
$1.8K
Avg / prescription
$14.02
Avg / unit
$1.0489
Latest quarter Q4 2025
21Rx
Fee-for-service vs managed care
100% FFS
Fee-for-service · 127 Rx Managed care · 0 Rx
State Medicaid map
Alaska: no data reported AK Maine: no data reported ME Washington: no data reported WA Idaho: no data reported ID Montana: no data reported MT North Dakota: no data reported ND Minnesota: no data reported MN Wisconsin: no data reported WI Michigan: no data reported MI New York: no data reported NY Vermont: no data reported VT New Hampshire: no data reported NH Oregon: no data reported OR Nevada: 12 units · 0.4 per 100k residents NV Wyoming: no data reported WY South Dakota: no data reported SD Iowa: no data reported IA Illinois: no data reported IL Indiana: no data reported IN Ohio: no data reported OH Pennsylvania: no data reported PA New Jersey: no data reported NJ Massachusetts: no data reported MA California: 1,674 units · 4.3 per 100k residents CA Utah: no data reported UT Colorado: no data reported CO Nebraska: no data reported NE Missouri: no data reported MO Kentucky: no data reported KY West Virginia: no data reported WV Virginia: no data reported VA Maryland: no data reported MD Connecticut: 12 units · 0.3 per 100k residents CT Rhode Island: no data reported RI Arizona: no data reported AZ New Mexico: no data reported NM Kansas: no data reported KS Arkansas: no data reported AR Tennessee: no data reported TN North Carolina: no data reported NC South Carolina: no data reported SC Delaware: no data reported DE Oklahoma: no data reported OK Louisiana: no data reported LA Mississippi: no data reported MS Alabama: no data reported AL Georgia: no data reported GA D.C.: no data reported DC Hawaii: no data reported HI Texas: no data reported TX Florida: no data reported FL
Units reimbursed · per 100k residents
0.34.3
gray = no data reported
Colors are per 100,000 residents, so big states don’t automatically dominate. Tap or hover a state for its actual totals.
Tap or hover a state
…for its Medicaid breakdown
🏆 Top states by units · per 100k residents
1 California 4.3 /100k
2 Nevada 0.4 /100k
3 Connecticut 0.3 /100k
National units — by quarter
💵 About the dollar figures: “reimbursed” is what Medicaid paid pharmacies before confidential manufacturer rebates, so the program’s real net cost is lower than these numbers. Fee-for-service and managed-care claims are combined unless split above. Source: CMS State Drug Utilization Data; per-100k rates use 2023 Census population estimates.

🔬 Reported adverse events (FAERS)

Read carefully: FAERS reports are voluntary and unverified. Counts are not incidence, do not establish causation, are subject to reporting bias, and cannot be used to compare one drug to another. Shown for signal context only. Reports for Hydromorphone hydrochloride — the ingredient across all brands.

Top reported reactions

Drug Dependence35,112
Overdose23,059
Pain22,290
Emotional Distress17,704
Death14,911
Drug Withdrawal Syndrome14,329
Toxicity To Various Agents10,081

Age at onset

Neonate1,165
Infant74
Child205
Adolescent57
Adult4,251
Elderly1,565

Reporter sex

91,456 reports

Serious outcomes

Death28,103
Disabling9,862
Life-threatening2,051
Reports over time (by year) — tap or hover for the count & year
2019 2021 2023 2026 17,396 0
Most recent year is provisional (FAERS lags ~3 months).
Where does this data come from?
Adverse-event reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) via openFDA. FAERS reports are voluntary and unverified — counts are not incidence and don’t establish causation.

📦 Packaging — all sizes for this product

Package NDCDescription Marketing startStatus
00641-2341-41 You're viewing this 20 VIAL in 1 CARTON (0641-2341-41) / 20 mL in 1 VIAL (0641-2341-39) 1972-01-01 Active

🧭 About this NDC listing & data coverage

Finished prescription product Marketed without an FDA application

Listed without an FDA application

This product's marketing category indicates it is marketed without an approved FDA application (no NDA, ANDA, or BLA on file). Having an NDC does not by itself establish FDA approval — the NDC Directory is a listing system, not an approval decision. Approval-linked data such as Orange Book therapeutic-equivalence ratings therefore does not apply.

What data is (and isn’t) available for this NDC — tap to expand
NDC identity (package / product / labeler codes) ✓ Available
Labeler ✓ Available
Product & package description ✓ Available
Marketing category & status ✓ Available
Active ingredient / dosage form / route ✓ Available
FDA label (SPL via DailyMed) ✓ Available
Package photos ✓ Available
Inactive ingredients (structured) ✓ Available
NADAC pharmacy acquisition price (CMS) — Not published for this NDC CMS publishes NADAC only for NDCs reported in its retail-pharmacy survey.
Orange Book / therapeutic-equivalence data — Not published for this NDC Applies only to products approved under an NDA/ANDA; many listings are out of scope.
HCPCS J-code billing crosswalk ✓ Available
Medicaid utilization (CMS SDUD) ✓ Available
“Not published” reflects what the public FDA / CMS / NLM sources provide for this exact package code — it is a property of the data feeds, not a judgment about the product.

Questions about this listing

Is this NDC FDA-approved?
An NDC listing does not by itself establish FDA approval — the NDC Directory records that a product is listed with FDA, not that it was reviewed and approved. This listing's marketing category is "Unapproved Drug Other". Products approved under an application carry an NDA, ANDA, or BLA number.
Why is there no price listed?
The pricing shown on our NDC pages comes from CMS NADAC, a voluntary survey of retail community pharmacy invoices. CMS does not publish a NADAC for every NDC — packages outside the retail survey (institutional and hospital products, bulk packages, discontinued items, and many OTC items) may never receive one. A missing price reflects the survey's scope, not this product's actual cost, and does not mean the product is free or unavailable.
Is the NDC printed on the package the same as the 11-digit billing NDC?
Yes, they identify this exact package in different formats. The FDA registers it as 0641-2341-41, which is what is printed on the packaging and shown on DailyMed. Insurance claims use a fixed 11-digit 5-4-2 format, so the short segment is padded with a leading zero: 00641-2341-41, written without dashes as 00641234141. The Identity section at the top of this page lists every form of this code.
What do the three segments of this NDC mean?
In 00641-2341-41, the first segment (00641) is the labeler code FDA assigned to Hikma Pharmaceuticals USA Inc.; the middle segment (2341) identifies this specific product — its ingredient, strength, and dosage form; and the last segment (41) identifies this exact package size and type. Together they name one specific package of one specific product.
Is this package still being marketed?
Yes, per the latest FDA NDC Directory data on this page: this package is listed as actively marketed, with no marketing end date reported by Hikma Pharmaceuticals USA Inc.. Listing status can change — the directory data on this page refreshes weekly.
Who lists this product with the FDA?
Hikma Pharmaceuticals USA Inc. is the labeler of record for this NDC — the company under whose FDA-assigned code the package is listed. The labeler may be the manufacturer itself or a distributor marketing the product under its own code.
Do I need a prescription for this product?
This NDC is listed with FDA as a prescription product, so it is dispensed under a prescriber's order. Your pharmacist can tell you whether any over-the-counter forms of the same medication exist.
Does this product have a billing J-code?
Yes — this NDC cross-references HCPCS code J1171 for medical-claim billing (typically used when a product is administered in a clinical setting rather than dispensed at a retail pharmacy). See the Billing section on this page.
This page identifies an FDA-listed package (the NDC) and reports public regulatory and pricing data about the listing. It is reference information, not a medical recommendation — talk to your pharmacist or prescriber about your own medication.
Where does this data come from?
Listing facts (marketing category, packager status, marketing dates) from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory; label availability from DailyMed; pricing coverage from CMS NADAC; equivalence scope from the FDA Orange Book.

📄 Full prescribing information FDA SPL

The complete FDA label for this product — the official prescribing information, verbatim, section by section. Jump with a chip, search within the label, or expand everything.
🎯 Indications and Usage 35 words

INDICATIONS AND USAGE Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Injection is indicated for the relief of moderate to severe pain such as that due to: surgery, cancer, trauma (soft tissue and bone), biliary colic, myocardial infarction, burns, renal colic.

⏱️ Dosage and Administration 158 words

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION The usual starting dose is 1-2 mg subcutaneously or intramuscularly every 4 to 6 hours as necessary for pain control. The dose should be adjusted according to severity of pain, as well as the patient’s underlying disease, age and size. Severe pain can usually be controlled by 3-4 mg every 4 to 6 hours as required.

Patients with terminal cancer may become tolerant to narcotic analgesics and may, therefore, require higher doses for adequate pain relief. Should intravenous administration be necessary, the injection should be given very slowly (over at least 3 to 5 minutes, depending on the dose) [see WARNINGS, INTRAVENOUS USE ]. A gradual increase in dosage may be required if analgesia is inadequate, tolerance occurs or if pain severity increases.

The first sign of tolerance is usually a reduced duration of effect. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.

Contraindications 66 words

CONTRAINDICATIONS Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Injection is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to hydromorphone, in the presence of an intracranial lesion associated with increased intracranial pressure and whenever ventilatory function is depressed (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cor pulmonale, emphysema, kyphoscoliosis, status asthmaticus). [See WARNINGS . ] Narcotic analgesics, including hydromorphone, are contraindicated in premature infants or during labor when delivery of a premature infant is anticipated.

⚠️ Warnings ~2 min read

WARNINGS RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION Hydromorphone produces dose-related respiratory depression by acting directly on brain stem respiratory centers. Hydromorphone also affects centers that control respiratory rhythm and may produce irregular and periodic breathing. HEAD INJURY AND INCREASED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE The respiratory depressant effects of hydromorphone and its capacity to elevate cerebrospinal fluid pressure may be markedly exaggerated in the presence of head injury, other intracranial lesions or a pre-existing increase in intracranial pressure.

Furthermore, hydromorphone produces adverse reactions which may obscure the clinical course of patients with head injuries. In such patients, hydromorphone must be used with extreme caution and only if its use is deemed essential. ACUTE ABDOMINAL CONDITIONS The administration of hydromorphone may obscure the diagnosis or clinical course of patients with acute abdominal conditions.

ASTHMA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY CONDITIONS Hydromorphone should be used with extreme caution in patients having an acute asthmatic attack, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or cor pulmonale, patients having a substantially decreased respiratory reserve and patients with pre-existing respiratory depression, hypoxia or hypercapnia. In such patients, even usual therapeutic doses of narcotics may decrease respiratory drive while simultaneously increasing airway resistance to the point of apnea. INTRAVENOUS USE If necessary, hydromorphone may be given intravenously, but the injection should be given very slowly (over a period of at least 3 to 5 minutes).

Rapid intravenous injection of narcotic analgesics, including hydromorphone, increases the incidence of adverse reactions; severe respiratory depression, apnea, hypotension, peripheral circulatory collapse, cardiac arrest, as well as anaphylactoid reactions, have occurred. Hydromorphone should not be administered intravenously unless a narcotic antagonist and the facilities for resuscitation and assisted or controlled respiration are immediately available. When hydromorphone is given parenterally, especially intravenously, the patient should be lying down.

HYPOTENSIVE EFFECT The administration of hydromorphone may result in severe hypotension in an individual whose ability to maintain blood pressure has already been compromised by a depleted blood volume or concurrent administration of drugs such as the phenothiazines or certain anesthetics. Hydromorphone may produce orthostatic hypotension in ambulatory patients.

🤒 Adverse Reactions ~2 min read

ADVERSE REACTIONS The major hazards of hydromorphone, as with other narcotic analgesics, are respiratory depression and, to a lesser degree, circulatory depression; respiratory arrest, shock and cardiac arrest have occurred, particularly with overdosage or rapid intravenous administration. Anaphylactoid reactions have been reported when phenanthrene alkaloids of opium are administered intravenously. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: Sedation, drowsiness, mental clouding, headache, tremor, visual disturbances, weakness, agitation, lethargy, impairment of mental and physical performance, uncoordinated muscle movements, anxiety, fear, euphoria, dysphoria, dizziness, psychological dependence and mood changes.

GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM: Nausea and vomiting occur more frequently in ambulatory than in recumbent patients. Hydromorphone may produce constipation, biliary tract spasm and can increase intraluminal pressure which may endanger surgical anastomosis. Patients with chronic ulcerative colitis may experience increased colonic motility; in patients with acute ulcerative colitis, toxic dilatation has been reported with narcotics.

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: Circulatory depression, peripheral circulatory collapse and cardiac arrest have occurred after rapid intravenous injection. Orthostatic hypotension and fainting may occur, especially if a patient stands up suddenly after receiving an injection of hydromorphone. Additionally, hydromorphone may cause tachycardia, bradycardia and palpitations.

GENITOURINARY SYSTEM: Oliguria, ureteral spasm, spasm of vesical sphincters and urinary retention have been reported. RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION: Hydromorphone produces dose-related respiratory depression by acting directly on brain stem respiratory centers. Hydromorphone also affects centers that control respiratory rhythm and may produce irregular and periodic breathing.

If significant respiratory depression occurs, it may be antagonized by the use of naloxone hydrochloride. In patients who are physically dependent, small doses of naloxone may be sufficient not only to antagonize respiratory depression but also to precipitate withdrawal phenomena. The dose of naloxone should, therefore, be adjusted accordingly in such patients.

Since the duration of action of hydromorphone may exceed that of the antagonist, the patient should be kept under continued surveillance; repeated doses of the antagonist may be required to maintain adequate respiration. Apply other supportive measures when indicated. ALLERGIC: Allergic reactions to opiates occur infrequently; pruritus, urticaria and other skin rashes are most common.

Anaphylactoid reactions have been reported following intravenous administration of opiates. OTHER: Opiate-induced histamine release may be responsible for the flushing of the face, sweating and pruritus often seen with these drugs. Wheals and urticaria at the site of injection are probably related to histamine release.

Local tissue irritation, pain and induration have been reported following repeated subcutaneous injection.

🔄 Drug Interactions 72 words

DRUG INTERACTIONS Hydromorphone should be administered cautiously and in reduced dosage to avoid additive effects when other central nervous system depressants including other narcotic analgesics, general anesthetics, phenothiazines, tricyclic antidepressants, sedative-hypnotics or other CNS depressants (including alcohol) are given concomitantly. Whenever concomitant therapy with MAO inhibitors and narcotic analgesics, including hydromorphone is to be used, an initial small test dose is advisable to allow observation of excessive narcotic effects or MAOI interaction.

🤰 Pregnancy 112 words

PREGNANCY Teratogenic Effects - Pregnancy Category C. Hydromorphone has been shown to be teratogenic in golden hamsters with a minimal effective teratogenic dose of 19 mg/kg, when given in doses 600 times the usual therapeutic dose in humans. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.

Hydromorphone should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Nonteratogenic Effects. Dependence has been reported in newborns whose mothers took opiates regularly during pregnancy.

The withdrawal signs include irritability and excessive crying, tremors, hyperactive reflexes, increased respiratory rate, increased stools, sneezing, yawning, vomiting and fever. Signs usually appear during the first few days of life.

🆘 Overdosage ~2 min read

OVERDOSAGE SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Serious overdosage with hydromorphone is characterized by respiratory depression (a decrease in respiratory rate and/or tidal volume, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, cyanosis), extreme somnolence progressing to stupor or coma, skeletal muscle flaccidity, cold and clammy skin and sometimes bradycardia and hypotension. The triad of coma, pinpoint pupils and respiratory depression is strongly suggestive of opiate poisoning. In severe overdosage, particularly by the intravenous route, apnea, circulatory collapse, cardiac arrest and death may occur.

It is difficult to determine what constitutes a standard toxic or lethal dose. Infants and children are believed to be relatively more sensitive to opiates on a body-weight basis. Elderly patients are also comparatively intolerant to opiates.

TREATMENT Primary attention should be given to the reestablishment of adequate respiratory exchange through provision of a patent airway and assisted or controlled ventilation. The narcotic antagonist naloxone hydrochloride is a specific antidote against respiratory depression which may result from overdosage or unusual sensitivity to narcotics, including hydromorphone. Therefore, an appropriate dose of naloxone hydrochloride should be administered, preferably by the intravenous route in conjunction with ventilatory assistance.

Since the duration of action of hydromorphone may exceed that of the antagonist, the patient should be kept under continued surveillance; repeated doses of the antagonist may be required to maintain adequate respiration. An antagonist should not be administered in the absence of clinically significant respiratory or cardiovascular depression. Oxygen, intravenous fluids, vasopressors and other supportive measures should be employed as indicated.

The patient should be closely observed for a rise in temperature or pulmonary complications that may signal the need for institution of antibiotic therapy. NOTE: In an individual physically dependent on narcotics, the administration of the usual dose of a narcotic antagonist will depend on the degree of physical dependence and the dose of antagonist administered. The use of narcotic antagonists in such individuals should be avoided if possible.

If a narcotic antagonist must be used to treat serious respiratory depression in the physically dependent patient, the antagonist should be administered with extreme care and only one-tenth to one-fifth the usual initial dose administered.

🧬 Clinical Pharmacology ~2 min read

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY Hydromorphone resembles morphine both structurally and pharmacologically. Like other narcotic analgesics, hydromorphone exerts its principal pharmacological effects on the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. Its primary action of therapeutic value is analgesia.

The analgesic effects of hydromorphone are due to its central action; however, the precise mechanism of action of hydromorphone and other opiates is not known, although it is believed to relate to the existence of opiate receptors in the central nervous system. Hydromorphone, like other narcotic analgesics, appears to increase the patient’s tolerance for pain and to decrease the perception of suffering, although the presence of the pain itself may still be recognized. In addition to analgesia, narcotics commonly produce such CNS effects as drowsiness, alterations in mood and mental clouding.

Hydromorphone is reported to produce analgesia with less sedation than morphine. This may be an advantage in the postoperative period, since the patient with a less-clouded sensorium is better able to cooperate in early ambulation procedures. Likewise, cancer patients can be relieved of pain yet remain sufficiently alert to function within the scope of their underlying physical disorder.

Narcotic analgesics also depress various respiratory centers, depress the cough reflex, constrict the pupils, elevate cerebrospinal fluid pressure, produce transient hyperglycemia and enhance parasympathetic activity. Narcotic analgesics may cause nausea and vomiting by stimulating the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ); however, they also depress the vomiting center, so that subsequent doses are unlikely to produce vomiting. Nausea and vomiting are significantly more common in ambulatory than in recumbent patients.

Narcotic analgesics, including hydromorphone, increase the tone and decrease the propulsive contractions of the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract. The resultant prolongation in gastrointestinal transit time is responsible for hydromorphone’s constipating effect. Because narcotics may increase biliary tract pressure, some patients with biliary colic may experience worsening rather than relief of pain.

While narcotics generally increase the tone of urinary tract smooth muscle, the net effect tends to be variable, in some cases producing urinary urgency, in others, difficulty in urination. Narcotics have also been reported to cause antidiuretic hormone (ADH) to be released, thereby reducing urine output. In therapeutic dosage, opiates do not usually exert major effects on the cardiovascular system.

However, some patients exhibit a propensity to develop orthostatic hypotension and fainting. Rapid intravenous injection is more likely to precipitate a fall in blood pressure than are intramuscular or subcutaneous injections. Narcotic analgesics cause histamine release, which appears to be responsible for wheals or urticaria sometimes seen at the site of injection.

Histamine release may also produce dilation of cutaneous blood vessels, with resultant flushing of the face and neck, pruritus and sweating. Hydromorphone is well absorbed after parenteral administration. After intramuscular administration, hydromorphone has a slightly more rapid onset and slightly shorter duration of analgesia than morphine.

The major pathway of hydromorphone metabolism is conjugation with glucuronic acid in the liver; hydromorphone glucuronide is excreted primarily in the urine.

📦 How Supplied / Storage and Handling 107 words

HOW SUPPLIED Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Injection, USP is available in the following: 2 mg/mL 20 mL Multiple Dose vials packaged individually (NDC 0641-2341-41) STORAGE PROTECT FROM LIGHT: Keep covered in carton. Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F), excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Do not use the injection if it is more than slightly discolored or contains a precipitate.

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Hikma Pharmaceuticals USA Inc. at 1-877-845-0689, or the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . For Product Inquiry call 1-877-845-0689. Manufactured by: Hikma Pharmaceuticals USA Inc.

Berkeley Heights, NJ 07922 Revised April 2020 462-259-02

📋 Description 120 words

DESCRIPTION Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Injection, USP is a sterile solution intended for subcutaneous, intramuscular or slow intravenous injection. Each mL contains hydromorphone hydrochloride 2 mg, edetate disodium 0.5 mg, methylparaben 1.8 mg and propylparaben 0.2 mg in Water for Injection. The pH range is 3.5-5.5; sodium hydroxide and/or hydrochloric acid added, if needed, for pH adjustment.

Hydromorphone is a semisynthetic phenanthrene alkaloid of opium; it is classified pharmacologically as a narcotic analgesic. Hydromorphone hydrochloride may be named chemically as 4,5α-Epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methylmorphinan-6-one hydrochloride, with the following structural formula: C 17 H 19 NO 3 • HCl M.W. 321.80 Hydromorphone hydrochloride occurs as a fine, white or practically white, crystalline powder and is freely soluble in water and sparingly soluble in alcohol.

Structural formula

Source: FDA Structured Product Labeling, mirrored from DailyMed / openFDA. Prefer the government’s original formatting? View this label on DailyMed ↗
For educational and professional reference only — not medical advice. Pricing reflects published NADAC and CMS ASP (free public data) and may differ from your acquisition cost; always verify before billing or dispensing.