Methylphenidate Hydrochloride 27 mg Tablet, Extended Release, 100-count
Other active recalls for Methylphenidate Hydrochloride (different manufacturers) — 1 · tap to view
🆔 Identity & classification
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🏷️ RxNorm drug class
This medicine belongs to the Central Nervous System Stimulant class.
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🏭 Manufacturer & labeler
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🩺 Clinical
Methylphenidate is used to control symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; condition that makes it hard to pay attention, control your behavior, and remain still or quiet) and to treat narcolepsy (condition that causes people to be very sleepy during the day and to fall asleep suddenly). Methylphenidate is in a class of medications called central nervous system (CNS) stimulants. It works by changing the amounts of certain natural substances in the brain.
Read the full MedlinePlus article ↗- Methylphenidate helps boost two brain chemicals — dopamine and norepinephrine — that play a big role in attention, focus, and impulse control. When those chemicals are more availab...
- What exactly is methylphenidate supposed to do for my ADHD?
- Methylphenidate is a controlled substance, and it does have a real potential for abuse and dependence — that's something the FDA takes seriously enough to put a boxed warning on th...
- The most common ones — decreased appetite, some trouble sleeping, headache, and a slightly faster heartbeat — are annoying but usually manageable and tend to improve over time. For...
Patient education
Supplement & herbal interactions
Some supplements/herbs that may interact with Methylphenidate Hydrochloride — tap one for details:
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💊 What it looks like
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🧪 Inactive Ingredients / Excipients
Inactive ingredients, also called excipients, are components of the drug product other than the active ingredient. They may include fillers, dyes, coatings, preservatives, flavors, or other formulation ingredients.
💡 Tap an ingredient (hover on desktop) to see what it is and why it’s used.
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UNII 1P9D0Z171K
BHT is a synthetic antioxidant that prevents fats and oils in medicines from breaking down and becoming rancid. It helps keep the product stable and effective during storage.
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UNII 3J2P07GVB6
Cellulose acetate is a plant-derived polymer made by chemically modifying cellulose fibers. In medications, it serves as a film-coating material for tablets and capsules to protect the drug, control release, and improve appearance.
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UNII WZB9127XOA
A synthetic red dye used to color medications and make them easier to identify. It serves as a colorant in tablets, capsules, and liquid formulations.
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UNII 1K09F3G675
Ferric oxide red is an inorganic iron compound used as a colorant in medicines. It gives tablets, capsules, or other dosage forms a red or reddish tint for identification and appearance.
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UNII EX438O2MRT
Ferric oxide yellow is a naturally occurring iron compound used as a colorant in medications. It gives tablets, capsules, and other forms a yellow or golden hue for identification and appearance.
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UNII XM0M87F357
A dark iron oxide compound that gives medicines their black or dark color. It's used as a colorant in tablets and capsules to help identify the product and make it visually distinctive.
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UNII 3NXW29V3WO
Hypromellose is a plant-based thickener made from cellulose. It's used in medicines as a binder to hold ingredients together, a coating for tablets, and a thickener for liquids.
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UNII E4GA8884NN
Phosphoric acid is a weak mineral acid used in medicines as a buffer and pH adjuster. It helps stabilize the product and control its acidity level.
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UNII 3WJQ0SDW1A
Polyethylene glycol is a synthetic liquid or solid polymer used in medicines as a solvent, lubricant, and humectant. It helps dissolve active ingredients, reduces friction during manufacturing, and retains moisture in the final product.
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UNII 11628IH70O
Polyethylene oxide is a synthetic polymer derived from ethylene. In medicines, it acts as a binder to hold ingredients together, a thickener to adjust texture, and a disintegrant to help the tablet or capsule break apart for absorption.
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UNII G3MS6M810Y
Polyethylene glycol 7000000 is a synthetic polymer used as a binder and filler in medications. It helps hold tablet ingredients together and can improve how the medicine dissolves in your body.
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UNII FZ989GH94E
Povidone is a synthetic polymer made from a plastic-like material. It acts as a binder to hold tablet ingredients together and as a disintegrant to help the tablet break apart in your stomach so the medicine can be absorbed.
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UNII 6DC9Q167V3
Propylene glycol is a clear liquid derived from petroleum or vegetable sources. It acts as a solvent, humectant, and preservative in medicines, helping dissolve active ingredients and maintain product stability.
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UNII 451W47IQ8X
Sodium chloride is common table salt. It's used in medicines as a buffer to maintain proper pH, as a filler to add bulk, or to adjust the osmotic balance in liquid formulations.
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UNII 4ELV7Z65AP
Stearic acid is a fatty acid derived from plant or animal sources. It acts as a binder and lubricant in tablets and capsules, helping them hold together and flow smoothly during manufacturing.
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UNII AB6MNQ6J6L
Succinic acid is an organic acid derived from natural sources or chemical synthesis. In medications, it functions as a buffer to help maintain the proper pH level and may also serve as a preservative or flavor enhancer in formulations.
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UNII 15FIX9V2JP
Titanium dioxide is a bright white mineral powder commonly used as a colorant and opacifying agent. It makes pills and tablets white or lighter in color and helps make coatings non-transparent.
17 inactive ingredients listed in the exact product block matched to this NDC.
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ingredient classCode="IACT" elements from the exact product block matched by this NDC. Label-section narrative from DailyMed / the openFDA label index is shown separately when available.Inactive ingredient FAQ
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💲 Pricing
A drug doesn't have one price. Each row is a different public payment system, and none is what you'd pay at the counter — that depends on your insurance. The ⓘ on each row explains what it measures.
| Price system | Per ea | Per package |
|---|---|---|
| Retail pharmacies payNADAC · weekly | $0.645 | $64.46 / 100 tablets |
| Medicaid paysCMS SDUD · 12 mo | $1.22 | $121.81 / 100 tablets |
| Medicare drug plans payPart D · Q2 2026 | $2.24 | $223.88 / 100 tablets |
Where does this data come from?
🔁 Therapeutic equivalents
| Product | Labeler | Pack | NADAC/unit | TE | Status | Price vs. this |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Methylphenidate Hydrochloride 27 mg 13811-0707-10 | Trigen | 100 tablets | $0.645 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Methylphenidate Hydrochloride 27 mgthis 31722-0953-01 | Camber | 100 tablets | $0.645 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Methylphenidate Hydrochloride 27 mg 50268-0546-12 | AvPAK | 1 tablet | $0.645 | AB | Discontinued | — |
| Methylphenidate Hydrochloride 27 mg 60687-0543-21 | American | 1 tablet | $0.645 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Methylphenidate Hydrochloride 27 mg 62037-0734-01 | Actavis | 100 tablets | $0.645 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Methylphenidate Hydrochloride 27 mg 62175-0311-37 | Lannett | 100 tablets | $0.645 | BX | Availability likely | — |
| Methylphenidate Hydrochloride Extended-Release 27 mg 00406-0127-01 | SpecGx | 100 tablets | $0.645 | — | Availability likely | — |
| Methylphenidate Hydrochloride 27 mg 00527-3311-37 | Lannett | 100 tablets | $0.760 | AB | FDA listed | +18% |
| Methylphenidate Hydrochloride 27 mg 57664-0607-88 | Sun | 100 tablets | $0.760 | — | Discontinued | +18% |
| Relexxii 27 mg 68025-0096-10 | Vertical | 100 tablets | $11.478 | — | Availability likely | +1681% |
| Concerta 27 mg 50458-0588-01 | Janssen | 100 tablets | $12.653 | AB | Availability likely | +1863% |
| Methylphenidate Hydrochloride 27 mg 51407-0925-01 | Golden | 100 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Methylphenidate Hydrochloride 27 mg 72865-0134-01 | XLCare | 100 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Methylphenidate Hydrochloride 27 mg 72162-2395-01 | Bryant | 100 tablets | — | BX | FDA listed | — |
Where does this data come from?
⏳ Availability & generic status
This product is an FDA-approved generic. Other versions of the same drug are listed under Therapeutic equivalents, least expensive first.
Where does this data come from?
🗺️ Medicaid utilization & spend
🔬 Reported adverse events (FAERS)
Top reported reactions
Age at onset
Reporter sex
Serious outcomes
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📦 Packaging — all sizes for this product
| Package NDC | Description | Marketing start | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31722-0953-01 You're viewing this | 100 TABLET, EXTENDED RELEASE in 1 BOTTLE (31722-953-01) | 2019-09-03 | Active |
📄 Full prescribing information FDA SPL
🚨 Boxed Warning ▾
WARNING: DRUG DEPENDENCE Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets should be given cautiously to patients with a history of drug dependence or alcoholism. Chronic abusive use can lead to marked tolerance and psychological dependence with varying degrees of abnormal behavior. Frank psychotic episodes can occur, especially with parenteral abuse.
Careful supervision is required during withdrawal from abusive use since severe depression may occur. Withdrawal following chronic therapeutic use may unmask symptoms of the underlying disorder that may require follow-up. WARNING: DRUG DEPENDENCE See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning.
Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets should be given cautiously to patients with a history of drug dependence or alcoholism. Chronic abusive use can lead to marked tolerance and psychological dependence, with varying degrees of abnormal behavior.
What is the most important information I should know about methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets? The following have been reported with use of methylphenidate HCl and other stimulant medicines: 1. Heart-related problems: • sudden death in patients who have heart problems or heart defects • stroke and heart attack in adults • increased blood pressure and heart rate Tell your doctor if you or your child has any heart problems, heart defects, high blood pressure, or a family history of these problems.
Your doctor should check you or your child carefully for heart problems before starting methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets. Your doctor should check your or your child’s blood pressure and heart rate regularly during treatment with methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets. Call your doctor right away if you or your child has any signs of heart problems such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or fainting while taking methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets.
2. Mental (Psychiatric) problems: All Patients • new or worse behavior and thought problems • new or worse bipolar illness • new or worse aggressive behavior or hostility Children and Teenagers • new psychotic symptoms (such as hearing voices, believing things that are not true, are suspicious) or new manic symptoms Tell your doctor about any mental problems you or your child have, or about a family history of suicide, bipolar illness, or depression. Call your doctor right away if you or your child has any new or worsening mental symptoms or problems while taking methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets, especially seeing or hearing things that are not real, believing things that are not real, or are suspicious.
Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets is a federally controlled substance (CII) because it can be abused or lead to dependence. Keep methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets in a safe place to prevent misuse and abuse. Selling or giving away Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets may harm others, and is against the law.
Tell your doctor if you or your child has (or has a family history of) ever abused or been dependent on alcohol, prescription medicines, or street drugs.
🎯 Indications and Usage ▾
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets is indicated for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children 6 years of age and older, adolescents, and adults up to the age of 65 [see Clinical Studies (14)] . A diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; DSM-IV) implies the presence of hyperactive-impulsive or inattentive symptoms that caused impairment and were present before age 7 years. The symptoms must cause clinically significant impairment, e.g., in social, academic, or occupational functioning, and be present in two or more settings, e.g., school (or work) and at home.
The symptoms must not be better accounted for by another mental disorder. For the Inattentive Type, at least six of the following symptoms must have persisted for at least 6 months: lack of attention to details/careless mistakes; lack of sustained attention; poor listener; failure to follow through on tasks; poor organization; avoids tasks requiring sustained mental effort; loses things; easily distracted; forgetful. For the Hyperactive-Impulsive Type, at least six of the following symptoms must have persisted for at least 6 months: fidgeting/squirming; leaving seat; inappropriate running/climbing; difficulty with quiet activities; “on the go;” excessive talking; blurting answers; can’t wait turn; intrusive.
The Combined Type requires both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive criteria to be met. Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets is a CNS stimulant indicated for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children 6 years of age and older, adolescents, and adults up to the age of 65.
1.1Special Diagnostic Considerations Specific etiology of this syndrome is unknown, and there is no single diagnostic test. Adequate diagnosis requires the use of medical and special psychological, educational, and social resources. Learning may or may not be impaired. The diagnosis must be based upon a complete history and evaluation of the patient and not solely on the presence of the required number of DSM-IV characteristics.
1.2Need for Comprehensive Treatment Program Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets is indicated as an integral part of a total treatment program for ADHD that may include other measures (psychological, educational, social). Drug treatment may not be indicated for all patients with ADHD. Stimulants are not intended for use in patients who exhibit symptoms secondary to environmental factors and/or other primary psychiatric disorders, including psychosis.
Appropriate educational placement is essential and psychosocial intervention is often helpful. When remedial measures alone are insufficient, the decision to prescribe stimulant medication will depend upon the physician's assessment of the chronicity and severity of the patient’s symptoms.
⏱️ Dosage and Administration ▾
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets should be taken once daily in the morning and swallowed whole with the aid of liquids. Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets should not be chewed or crushed. Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets may be taken with or without food.
(2.1) For children and adolescents new to methylphenidate, the recommended starting dosage is 18 mg once daily. Dosage may be increased by 18 mg/day at weekly intervals and should not exceed 54 mg/day in children and 72 mg/day in adolescents. (2.2) For adult patients new to methylphenidate, the recommended starting dose is 18 or 36 mg/day.
Dosage may be increased by 18 mg/day at weekly intervals and should not exceed 72 mg/day for adults. (2.2) For patients currently using methylphenidate, dosing is based on current dose regimen and clinical judgment. (2.3)
2.1General Dosing Information Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets should be administered orally once daily in the morning with or without food. Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets must be swallowed whole with the aid of liquids, and must not be chewed, divided, or crushed [see Patient Counseling Information (17)] .
2.2Patients New to Methylphenidate The recommended starting dose of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets for patients who are not currently taking methylphenidate or stimulants other than methylphenidate is 18 mg once daily for children and adolescents and 18 or 36 mg once daily for adults (see Table 1). TABLE1
2.3Patients Currently Using Methylphenidate The recommended dose of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets for patients who are currently taking methylphenidate twice daily or three times daily at doses of 10 to 60 mg/day is provided in Table 2. Dosing recommendations are based on current dose regimen and clinical judgment. Conversion dosage should not exceed 72 mg daily.
Other methylphenidate regimens: Clinical judgment should be used when selecting the starting dose. TABLE2
2.4Dose Titration Doses may be increased in 18 mg increments at weekly intervals for patients who have not achieved an optimal response at a lower dose. Daily dosages above 54 mg in children and 72 mg in adolescents have not been studied and are not recommended. Daily dosages above 72 mg in adults are not recommended. A 27 mg dosage strength is available for physicians who wish to prescribe between the 18 mg and 36 mg dosages.
2.5Maintenance/Extended Treatment There is no body of evidence available from controlled trials to indicate how long the patient with ADHD should be treated with methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets. It is generally agreed, however, that pharmacological treatment of ADHD may be needed for extended periods. The effectiveness of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets for long-term use, i.e., for more than 7 weeks, has not been systematically evaluated in controlled trials.
The physician who elects to use methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets for extended periods in patients with ADHD should periodically re-evaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient with trials off medication to assess the patient’s functioning without pharmacotherapy. Improvement may be sustained when the drug is either temporarily or permanently discontinued.
2.6Dose Reduction and Discontinuation If paradoxical aggravation of symptoms or other adverse events occur, the dosage should be reduced, or, if necessary, the drug should be discontinued. If improvement is not observed after appropriate dosage adjustment over a one-month period, the drug should be discontinued.
💊 Dosage Forms and Strengths ▾
3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Methylphenidate Hydrochloride Extended-Release Tablets, USP are available in 18 mg, 27 mg, 36 mg and 54 mg of methylphenidate hydrochloride, USP. The 18 mg tablets are light yellow to yellow film coated round cylindrical biconvex tablets printed with "212" in black ink. The 27 mg tablets are light pink to pink film coated round cylindrical biconvex tablets printed with "213" in black ink.
The 36 mg tablets are white to off white film coated round cylindrical biconvex tablets printed with "214" in black ink. The 54 mg tablets are light to dark brown film coated round cylindrical biconvex tablets printed with "215" in black ink. Tablets: 18, 27, 36, and 54 mg
⛔ Contraindications ▾
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Known hypersensitivity to the product (4.1) Marked anxiety, tension, or agitation (4.2) Glaucoma (4.3) Tics or a family history or diagnosis of Tourette’s syndrome (4.4) Do not use methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablet s in patients currently using or within 2 weeks of using an MAO inhibitor (4.5)
4.1Hypersensitivity to Methylphenidate Hypersensitivity reactions, such as angioedema and anaphylactic reactions, have been observed in patients treated with methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets. Therefore, methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets are contraindicated in patients known to be hypersensitive to methylphenidate or other components of the product [see Adverse Reactions (6.6)] .
4.2Agitation Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets are contraindicated in patients with marked anxiety, tension, and agitation, since the drug may aggravate these symptoms.
4.3Glaucoma Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets are contraindicated in patients with glaucoma.
4.4Tics Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets are contraindicated in patients with motor tics or with a family history or diagnosis of Tourette's syndrome [see Adverse Reactions (6.4)] .
4.5Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets are contraindicated during treatment with monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, and also within a minimum of 14 days following discontinuation of a MAO inhibitor (hypertensive crises may result) [see Drug Interactions (7.1)] .
⚠️ Warnings and Cautions ▾
5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Serious Cardiovascular Events: Sudden death has been reported in association with CNS stimulant treatment at usual doses in children and adolescents with structural cardiac abnormalities or other serious heart problems. Sudden death, stroke, and myocardial infarction have been reported in adults taking stimulant drugs at usual doses for ADHD. Stimulant products generally should not be used in patients with known structural cardiac abnormalities, cardiomyopathy, serious heart rhythm abnormalities, coronary artery disease, or other serious heart problems.
(5.1) Increase in Blood Pressure: Monitor patients for changes in heart rate and blood pressure and use with caution in patients for whom an increase in blood pressure or heart rate would be problematic. (5.1) Psychiatric Adverse Events: Use of stimulants may cause treatment-emergent psychotic or manic symptoms in patients with no prior history, or exacerbation of symptoms in patients with preexisting psychiatric illness. Clinical evaluation for Bipolar Disorder is recommended prior to stimulant use.
Monitor for aggressive behavior. (5.2) Seizures: Stimulants may lower the convulsive threshold. Discontinue in the presence of seizures.
(5.3) Priapism: cases of painful and prolonged penile erections and priapism have been reported with methylphenidate products. Immediate medical attention should be sought if signs or symptoms of painful or prolonged penile erections or priapism are observed. (5.4) Peripheral Vasculopathy, including Raynaud’s Phenomenon: Stimulants used to treat ADHD are associated with peripheral vasculopathy, including Raynaud’s phenomenon.
Careful observation for digital changes is necessary during treatment with ADHD stimulants. (5.5) Visual Disturbance: difficulties with accommodation and blurring of vision have been reported with stimulant treatment. (5.7) Long-Term Suppression of Growth: monitor height and weight at appropriate intervals in pediatric patients.
(5.6) Gastrointestinal obstruction with preexisting GI narrowing. (5.8) Hematologic monitoring: Periodic CBC, differential, and platelet counts are advised during prolonged therapy. (5.9)
5.1Serious Cardiovascular Events Sudden Death and Preexisting Structural Cardiac Abnormalities or Other Serious Heart Problems Children and Adolescents Sudden death has been reported in association with CNS stimulant treatment at usual doses in children and adolescents with structural cardiac abnormalities or other serious heart problems. Although some serious heart problems alone carry an increased risk of sudden death, stimulant products generally should not be used in children or adolescents with known serious structural cardiac abnormalities, cardiomyopathy, serious heart rhythm abnormalities, or other serious cardiac problems that may place them at increased vulnerability to the sympathomimetic effects of a stimulant drug.
Adults Sudden deaths, stroke, and myocardial infarction have been reported in adults taking stimulant drugs at usual doses for ADHD. Although the role of stimulants in these adult cases is also unknown, adults have a greater likelihood than children of having serious structural cardiac abnormalities, cardiomyopathy, serious heart rhythm abnormalities, coronary artery disease, or other serious cardiac problems. Adults with such abnormalities should also generally not be treated with stimulant drugs.
Hypertension and Other Cardiovascular Conditions Stimulant medications cause a modest increase in average blood pressure (about 2 to 4 mm Hg) and average heart rate (about 3 to 6 bpm) [see Adverse Reactions (6.5)] , and individuals may have larger increases. While the mean changes alone would not be expected to have short-term consequences, all patients should be monitored for larger changes in heart rate and blood pressure. Caution is indicated in treating patients whose underlying medical conditions might be compromised by increases in blood pressure or heart rate, e.g.…
🤒 Adverse Reactions ▾
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following are discussed in more detail in other sections of the labeling: Drug Dependence [see Box Warning] Hypersensitivity to Methylphenidate [see Contraindications (4.1)] Agitation [see Contraindications (4.2)] Glaucoma [see Contraindications (4.3)] Tics [see Contraindications (4.4)] Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors [see Contraindications (4.5) and Drug Interactions (7.1)] Serious Cardiovascular Events [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] Psychiatric Adverse Events [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] Seizures [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] Priapism [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] Long-Term Suppression of Growth [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)] Visual Disturbance [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)] Potential for Gastrointestinal Obstruction [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)] Hematologic Monitoring [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)] The most common adverse reaction in double-blind clinical trials (>5%) in pediatric patients (children and adolescents) was abdominal pain upper.
The most common adverse reactions in double-blind clinical trials (>5%) in adult patients were decreased appetite, headache, dry mouth, nausea, insomnia, anxiety, dizziness, weight decreased, irritability, and hyperhidrosis [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. The most common adverse reactions associated with discontinuation (≥1%) from either pediatric or adult clinical trials were anxiety, irritability, insomnia, and blood pressure increased [see Adverse Reactions (6.3)]. The development program for methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets included exposures in a total of 3,906 participants in clinical trials.
Children, adolescents, and adults with ADHD were evaluated in 6 controlled clinical studies and 11 open-label clinical studies (see Table 3). Safety was assessed by collecting adverse events, vital signs, weights, and ECGs, and by performing physical examinations and laboratory analyses. Adverse events during exposure were obtained primarily by general inquiry and recorded by clinical investigators using their own terminology.
Consequently, to provide a meaningful estimate of the proportion of individuals experiencing adverse events, events were grouped in standardized categories using MedDRA terminology. The stated frequencies of adverse events represent the proportion of individuals who experienced, at least once, a treatment-emergent adverse event of the type listed. An event was considered treatment-emergent if it occurred for the first time or worsened while receiving therapy following baseline evaluation.
Throughout this section, adverse reactions are reported. Adverse reactions are adverse events that were considered to be reasonably associated with the use of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets based on the comprehensive assessment of the available adverse event information. A causal association for methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets often cannot be reliably established in individual cases.
Further, because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice. The majority of adverse reactions were mild to moderate in severity. The most common adverse reaction in double-blind clinical trials (>5%) in children and adolescents was abdominal pain upper.
The most common adverse reactions in double-blind clinical trials (>5%) in adult patients were decreased appetite, headache, dry mouth, nausea, insomnia, anxiety, dizziness, weight decreased, irritability, and hyperhidrosis. ( 6.1 and 6.2 ) The most common adverse reactions associated with discontinuation (≥1%) from either pediatric or adult clinical trials were anxiety, irritability, insomnia, and blood pressure increased. ( 6.3 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Camber Pharmaceuticals, In…
🔄 Drug Interactions ▾
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Do not use methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets in patients currently using or within 2 weeks of using an MAO inhibitor (7.1) Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets may increase blood pressure; use cautiously with vasopressors (7.2) Inhibition of metabolism of coumarin anticoagulants, anticonvulsants, and some antidepressants (7.3)
7.1MAO Inhibitors Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets should not be used in patients being treated (currently or within the preceding 2 weeks) with MAO inhibitors [see Contraindications (4.5)] .
7.2Vasopressor Agents Because of possible increases in blood pressure, methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets should be used cautiously with vasopressor agents [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] .
7.3Coumarin Anticoagulants, Antidepressants, and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Human pharmacologic studies have shown that methylphenidate may inhibit the metabolism of coumarin anticoagulants, anticonvulsants (eg, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone), and some antidepressants (tricyclics and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors). Downward dose adjustment of these drugs may be required when given concomitantly with methylphenidate. It may be necessary to adjust the dosage and monitor plasma drug concentrations (or, in the case of coumarin, coagulation times), when initiating or discontinuing concomitant methylphenidate.
7.4Risperidone Combined use of methylphenidate with risperidone when there is a change, whether an increase or decrease, in dosage of either or both medications, may increase the risk of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). Monitor for signs of EPS.
👥 Use in Specific Populations ▾
8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Caution should be exercised if administered to nursing mothers (8.3) Safety and efficacy has not been established in children less than six years old or elderly patients greater than 65 years of age (8.4 and 8.5)
8.1Pregnancy Pregnancy Category C Methylphenidate has been shown to have teratogenic effects in rabbits when given in doses of 200 mg/kg/day, which is approximately 100 times and 40 times the maximum recommended human dose on a mg/kg and mg/m 2 basis, respectively. A reproduction study in rats revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus at oral doses up to 30 mg/kg/day, approximately 15-fold and 3-fold the maximum recommended human dose of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets on a mg/kg and mg/m 2 basis, respectively.
The approximate plasma exposure to methylphenidate plus its main metabolite PPAA in pregnant rats was 1-2 times that seen in trials in volunteers and patients with the maximum recommended dose of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets based on the AUC. The safety of methylphenidate for use during human pregnancy has not been established. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.
Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
8.2Labor and Delivery The effect of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets on labor and delivery in humans is unknown.
8.3Nursing Mothers It is not known whether methylphenidate is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised if methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets is administered to a nursing woman. In lactating female rats treated with a single oral dose of 5 mg/kg radiolabeled methylphenidate, radioactivity (representing methylphenidate and/or its metabolites) was observed in milk and levels were generally similar to those in plasma.
8.4Pediatric Use Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets should not be used in children under six years, since safety and efficacy in this age group have not been established. Long-term effects of methylphenidate in children have not been well established.
8.5Geriatric Use Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets has not been studied in patients greater than 65 years of age.
🆘 Overdosage ▾
10 OVERDOSAGE
10.1Signs and Symptoms Signs and symptoms of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets overdosage, resulting principally from overstimulation of the CNS and from excessive sympathomimetic effects, may include the following: vomiting, agitation, muscle twitching, convulsion, grand mal convulsion, confusional state, hallucinations (auditory and/or visual), hyperhidrosis, headache, pyrexia, tachycardia, palpitations, heart rate increased, sinus arrhythmia, hypertension, rhabdomyolysis, mydriasis, and dry mouth.
10.2Recommended Treatment Treatment consists of appropriate supportive measures. The patient must be protected against self-injury and against external stimuli that would aggravate overstimulation already present. Gastric contents may be evacuated by gastric lavage as indicated.
Before performing gastric lavage, control agitation and seizures if present and protect the airway. Other measures to detoxify the gut include administration of activated charcoal and a cathartic. Intensive care must be provided to maintain adequate circulation and respiratory exchange; external cooling procedures may be required for pyrexia.
Efficacy of peritoneal dialysis or extracorporeal hemodialysis for methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets overdosage has not been established. The prolonged release of methylphenidate from methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets should be considered when treating patients with overdose.
10.3Poison Control Center As with the management of all overdosage, the possibility of multiple-drug ingestion should be considered. The physician may wish to consider contacting a poison control center for up-to-date information on the management of overdosage with methylphenidate.
🧬 Clinical Pharmacology ▾
12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
12.1Mechanism of Action Methylphenidate HCl is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. The mode of therapeutic action in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is not known. Methylphenidate is thought to block the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine into the presynaptic neuron and increase the release of these monoamines into the extraneuronal space.
12.2Pharmacodynamics Methylphenidate is a racemic mixture comprised of the d- and l-isomers. The d-isomer is more pharmacologically active than the l-isomer.
12.3Pharmacokinetics Absorption Methylphenidate is readily absorbed. Following oral administration of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets, plasma methylphenidate concentrations increase rapidly, reaching an initial maximum at about 1 hour, followed by gradual ascending concentrations over the next 5 to 9 hours, after which a gradual decrease begins. Mean times to reach peak plasma concentrations across all doses of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets occurred between 6 and 10 hours.
Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets once daily minimizes the fluctuations between peak and trough concentrations associated with immediate-release methylphenidate three times daily (see Figure 1). The relative bioavailability of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets once daily and methylphenidate three times daily in adults is comparable. The mean single-dose pharmacokinetic parameters in 36 healthy adults following the administration of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets 18 mg once daily and methylphenidate 5 mg three times daily are summarized in Table 6.
The pharmacokinetics of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets were evaluated in healthy adults following single- and multiple-dose administration (steady state) of doses up to 144 mg/day. The mean half-life was about 3.6 hours. No differences in the pharmacokinetics of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets were noted following single and repeated once-daily dosing, indicating no significant drug accumulation.
The AUC and t 1/2 following repeated once-daily dosing are similar to those following the first dose of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets in a dose range of 18 to 144 mg. Dose Proportionality Following administration of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets in single doses of 18, 36, and 54 mg/day to healthy adults, C max and AUC (0-inf) of d-methylphenidate were proportional to dose, whereas l-methylphenidate C max and AUC (0-inf) increased disproportionately with respect to dose.
Following administration of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets, plasma concentrations of the l-isomer were approximately 1/40 the plasma concentrations of the d-isomer. In healthy adults, single and multiple dosing of once-daily methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets doses from 54 to 144 mg/day resulted in linear and dose-proportional increases in C max and AUC inf for total methylphenidate (MPH) and its major metabolite, α-phenyl-piperidine acetic acid (PPAA). There was no time dependency in the pharmacokinetics of methylphenidate.
The ratio of metabolite (PPAA) to parent drug (MPH) was constant across doses from 54 to 144 mg/day, both after single dose and upon multiple dosing. In a multiple-dose study in adolescent ADHD patients aged 13 to 16 administered their prescribed dose (18 to 72 mg/day) of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets, mean C max and AUC TAU of d- and total methylphenidate increased proportionally with respect to dose. Distribution Plasma methylphenidate concentrations in adults and adolescents decline biexponentially following oral administration.
The half-life of methylphenidate in adults and adolescents following oral administration of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets was approximately 3.5 hours. Metabolism and…
📦 How Supplied / Storage and Handling ▾
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING Methylphenidate Hydrochloride Extended-Release Tablets, USP are available in 18 mg, 27 mg, 36 mg, and 54 mg dosage strengths. The 18 mg tablets are light yellow to yellow film coated round cylindrical biconvex tablets printed with "212" in black ink. NDC 31722-952-01 bottles of 100 tablets The 27 mg tablets are light pink to pink film coated round cylindrical biconvex tablets printed with "213" in black ink.
NDC 31722-953-01 bottles of 100 tablets The 36 mg tablets are white to off white film coated round cylindrical biconvex tablets printed with "214" in black ink. NDC 31722-954-01 bottles of 100 tablets The 54 mg tablets are light to dark brown film coated round cylindrical biconvex tablets printed with "215" in black ink. NDC 31722-955-01 bottles of 100 tablets Storage and Handling Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].
Protect from humidity.
📋 Description ▾
11 DESCRIPTION Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets, USP is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets are available in four tablet strengths. Each extended-release tablet for once-a-day oral administration contains 18, 27, 36, or 54 mg of methylphenidate HCl USP and is designed to have a 12-hour duration of effect.
Chemically, methylphenidate HCl is d, l (racemic) methyl α-phenyl-2-piperidineacetate hydrochloride. Its empirical formula is C 14 H 19 NO 2 ·HCl. Its structural formula is: Methylphenidate HCl USP is a white to off-white crystalline powder.
Its solutions are acid to litmus. It is freely soluble in water and in methanol, soluble in alcohol, and slightly soluble in chloroform and in acetone. Its molecular weight is 269.77.
Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets, USP also contains the following inert ingredients and are common to all strengths: butylated hydroxytoluene, cellulose acetate, hypromellose, phosphoric acid, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxides, povidone, propylene glycol, sodium chloride, stearic acid, succinic acid, ferric oxide yellow, FD&C Red No 40 and titanium dioxide. The 18 mg tablet strength also contains iron oxide yellow and Polysorbate 80. The 27 mg tablet strength also contains iron oxide red.
The 36 mg tablet strength also contains talc. The 54 mg tablet strength also contains iron oxide yellow, iron oxide red and talc. Each tablet strength also contains black iron oxide, hypromellose and propylene glycol as imprinting ink.
USP Dissolution Test Pending. STRUCTURE
11.1System Components and Performance Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets uses osmotic pressure to deliver methylphenidate HCl at a controlled rate. The system, which resembles a conventional tablet in appearance, comprises an osmotically active trilayer core surrounded by a semipermeable membrane with an immediate-release drug overcoat. The trilayer core is composed of two drug layers containing the drug and excipients, and a push layer containing osmotically active components.
There is a precision-laser drilled orifice on the drug-layer end of the tablet. In an aqueous environment, such as the gastrointestinal tract, the drug overcoat dissolves within one hour, providing an initial dose of methylphenidate. Water permeates through the membrane into the tablet core.
As the osmotically active polymer excipients expand, methylphenidate is released through the orifice. The membrane controls the rate at which water enters the tablet core, which in turn controls drug delivery. Furthermore, the drug release rate from the system increases with time over a period of 6 to 7 hours due to the drug-concentration gradient incorporated into the two drug layers of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets.
The biologically inert components of the tablet remain intact during gastrointestinal transit and are eliminated in the stool as a tablet shell along with insoluble core components. It is possible that methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets may be visible on abdominal x-rays under certain circumstances, especially when digital enhancing techniques are utilized.
💬 Information for Patients ▾
17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION See Medication Guide Priapism Advise patients, caregivers, and family members of the possibility of painful or prolonged penile erections (priapism). Instruct the patient to seek immediate medical attention in the event of priapism [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] . Circulation Problems in Fingers and Toes [Peripheral Vasculopathy, including Raynaud’s Phenomenon] Instruct patients beginning treatment with methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets about the risk of peripheral vasculopathy, including Raynaud’s phenomenon, and associated signs and symptoms: fingers or toes may feel numb, cool, painful, and/or may change color from pale, to blue, to red.
Instruct patients to report to their physician any new numbness, pain, skin color change, or sensitivity to temperature in fingers or toes. Instruct patients to call their physician immediately with any signs of unexplained wounds appearing on fingers or toes while taking methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets. Further clinical evaluation (e.g., rheumatology referral) may be appropriate for certain patients.
General Considerations Prescribers or other health professionals should inform patients, their families, and their caregivers about the benefits and risks associated with treatment with methylphenidate and should counsel them in its appropriate use. A patient Medication Guide is available for methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets. The prescriber or health professional should instruct patients, their families, and their caregivers to read the Medication Guide and should assist them in understanding its contents.
Patients should be given the opportunity to discuss the contents of the Medication Guide and to obtain answers to any questions they may have. The complete text of the Medication Guide is reprinted at the end of this document. Administration Instructions Patients should be informed that methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets should be swallowed whole with the aid of liquids.
Tablets should not be chewed, divided, or crushed. The medication is contained within a nonabsorbable shell designed to release the drug at a controlled rate. The tablet shell, along with insoluble core components, is eliminated from the body; patients should not be concerned if they occasionally notice in their stool something that looks like a tablet.
Driving or Operating Heavy Machinery Stimulants may impair the ability of the patient to operate potentially hazardous machinery or vehicles. Patients should be cautioned accordingly until they are reasonably certain that methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets does not adversely affect their ability to engage in such activities. For more information call 1-866-495-8330.
Manufactured by: Ascent Pharmaceuticals Inc. Central Islip, NY 11722 Manufactured for: Camber Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Piscataway, NJ 08854 Rev: 08/2021
💬 Medication Guide ▾
MEDICATION GUIDE Methylphenidate hydrochloride Extended-release Tablets, USP CII (meth ' il fen ' i date hye " droe klor ' ide) Read the Medication Guide that comes with methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets before you or your child starts taking it and each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This Medication Guide does not take the place of talking to your doctor about your or your child’s treatment with methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets.
What is the most important information I should know about methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets? The following have been reported with use of methylphenidate HCl and other stimulant medicines: 1. Heart-related problems: • sudden death in patients who have heart problems or heart defects • stroke and heart attack in adults • increased blood pressure and heart rate Tell your doctor if you or your child has any heart problems, heart defects, high blood pressure, or a family history of these problems.
Your doctor should check you or your child carefully for heart problems before starting methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets. Your doctor should check your or your child’s blood pressure and heart rate regularly during treatment with methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets. Call your doctor right away if you or your child has any signs of heart problems such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or fainting while taking methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets.
2. Mental (Psychiatric) problems: All Patients • new or worse behavior and thought problems • new or worse bipolar illness • new or worse aggressive behavior or hostility Children and Teenagers • new psychotic symptoms (such as hearing voices, believing things that are not true, are suspicious) or new manic symptoms Tell your doctor about any mental problems you or your child have, or about a family history of suicide, bipolar illness, or depression. Call your doctor right away if you or your child has any new or worsening mental symptoms or problems while taking methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets, especially seeing or hearing things that are not real, believing things that are not real, or are suspicious.
3. Painful and prolonged erections (priapism) Painful and prolonged erections (priapism) have occurred with methylphenidate. If you or your child develop priapism, seek medical help right away.
Because of the potential for lasting damage, priapism should be evaluated by a doctor immediately. 4. Circulation problems in fingers and toes [Peripheral vasculopathy, including Raynaud’s phenomenon]: • fingers or toes may feel numb, cool, painful • fingers or toes may change color from pale, to blue, to red Tell your doctor if you have or your child has numbness, pain, skin color change, or sensitivity to temperature in your fingers or toes.
Call your doctor right away if you have or your child has any signs of unexplained wounds appearing on fingers or toes while taking methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets. What is methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets? Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets is a central nervous system stimulant prescription medicine.
It is used for the treatment of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets may help increase attention and decrease impulsiveness and hyperactivity in patients with ADHD. Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets should be used as a part of a total treatment program for ADHD that may include counseling or other therapies.
Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets is a federally controlled substance (CII) because it can be abused or lead to dependence. Keep methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets in a safe place to prevent misuse and abuse. Selling or giving away Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release t…