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Ropinirole 12 mg Tablet, Film Coated, Extended Release, 100-count — NDC 46708-0266-31 package photo
Label image from the product's FDA listing (DailyMed) — may show a different pack size or an older label revision.

Ropinirole 12 mg Tablet, Film Coated, Extended Release, 100-count — NDC 46708-266-31 (Billing 46708-0266-31)

by Alembic Pharmaceuticals Limited · 100 TABLET, FILM COATED, EXTENDED RELEASE in 1 BOTTLE

This is a package of 100 tablets of Ropinirole 12 mg Tablet, Film Coated, Extended Release from Alembic Pharmaceuticals Limited, marketed since Mar 2013 and currently FDA-listed.

NDC 46708-0266-31
🏷️ FDA NDC (as labeled) 46708-266-31 billing pads the product segment with a zero
This package
Contains100-count Pack sizes6 compare ↓
Also priced by: Part D plans $0.9817/unit — full pricing hub ↓
Product page 46708-0266-10 Also comes in: 30 tablets 46708-266-30 90 tablets 46708-266-90 100 tablets 46708-266-10 500 tablets 46708-266-71 1000 tablets 46708-266-91
Rx only Generic On market Non-controlled ⇄ Compare with another NDC
🗂️ FDA directory synced Oct 1, 2026 · this listing last changed Jul 24, 2026 · sources: openFDA · FDA label (DailyMed) · FDA Orange & Purple Book · First Databank · CMS NADAC, ASP, Medicare & Medicaid · RxNorm
📋 All sources & update times →

This page is curated, coded, and maintained by

Compiled from public FDA, CMS, DailyMed, NADAC, and related drug data sources. Editorial policy

NDC database record

One package, one record: these facts belong to NDC 46708-266-31 alone.

Record
FDA NDC Directory package listing · Human prescription drug
Code segments
46708 labeler · 266 product · 31 package
Package marketed since
Mar 14, 2013
Sample package
No — commercial package
Listing certified through
Dec 31, 2026
Barcode (UPC)
0346708263300, 0346708262303, 0346708264307, 0346708265304 +1 more
FDA record last changed
Jul 24, 2026

Identity & classification

Regulatory identifiers FDA, NLM and CMS codes for this package

FDA NDC (as labeled) 46708-266-31
Product NDC 46708-266
11-digit billing NDC 46708026631
RxCUI 799054, 799055, 799056, 824959, 848582
UNII D7ZD41RZI9
UPC 0346708263300, 0346708262303, 0346708264307, 0346708265304 +1 more
Application # ANDA202786
SPL Set ID 2e01dbdd-f439-45d7-9085-2d92a1a1fee2
Established class (EPC) Nonergot Dopamine Agonist
Mechanism of action Dopamine Agonists
DEA schedule Non-controlled
Marketing category ANDA
Marketing status On market
FDA listing status Listed (active directory)
Marketing start 2013-03-14
Route ORAL
Dosage form TABLET, FILM COATED, EXTENDED RELEASE
Substance ROPINIROLE HYDROCHLORIDE
TE code (Orange Book) AB · RLD · RS
Quick answers
  • RxCUI (RxNorm): 799054
Why two NDCs? The FDA registers this code as 46708-266-31 — a 5-3-2 layout, and that's what's printed on the package and shown on DailyMed. For insurance claims, every NDC is standardized to a uniform 11-digit 5-4-2 format by adding a zero to the product segment → 46708-0266-31. Same drug, same package — only the format differs.
Where does this data come from?
Identifiers from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory and Structured Product Labeling; RxCUI from RxNorm (NLM); GPI from Medi-Span; GCN / HIC / AHFS / legend from First Databank.

RxNorm drug class

This medicine belongs to the Nonergot Dopamine Agonist class.

Pharmacologic class Nonergot Dopamine Agonist
Drug family (ATC) Dopamine agonists
How it works Dopamine Agonists
Where does this data come from?
Therapeutic classes from RxNorm RxClass (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Established Pharmacologic Class (FDA), ATC drug family (WHO) and mechanism of action, matched by this product’s RxCUI.

Clinical

📖 What it is MedlinePlus · NLM

Ropinirole is used to treat the symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD; a disorder of the nervous system that causes difficulties with movement, muscle control, and balance), including shaking of parts of the body, stiffness, slowed movements, and problems with balance. Ropinirole is also used to treat restless legs syndrome (RLS; a condition that causes discomfort in the legs and a strong urge to move the legs, especially at night and when sitting or lying down). Ropinirole is in a class of medications called dopamine agonists. It works by acting in place of dopamine, a natural substance in the...

Read the full MedlinePlus article ↗
📗 Our plain-language guide HelloPharmacist
  • Ropinirole is used to treat two conditions: Parkinson's disease and moderate-to-severe Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS). For Parkinson's disease, both the regular tablet and the extend...
  • Yes, and it's one of the most important things to know. Some people on ropinirole have fallen asleep suddenly during everyday activities — including driving — sometimes without fee...
  • I heard ropinirole can make you fall asleep suddenly — is that really true?
  • Please don't stop it suddenly without talking to your doctor first — especially if you're taking it for Parkinson's disease. Stopping abruptly can cause a serious reaction that inc...
📖 Read our full Ropinirole guide →
Where does this data come from?
Plain-language summary from MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine); supplement & herbal interactions and nutrient depletion data from the Natural Medicines database; our full guide is HelloPharmacist editorial content.

Pricing

A drug doesn't have one price. Each row is a different public payment system, and none is what you'd pay at the counter — that depends on your insurance. The ⓘ on each row explains what it measures.

Price systemPer eachPer package
Retail pharmacies payNADAC · weekly Not in the retail survey — common for institutional, discontinued, or low-volume packs.
Medicaid paysCMS SDUD · 12 mo No recent Medicaid claims on file for this NDC — rare and low-volume NDCs are suppressed in the public data.
Medicare drug plans payPart D · Q2 2026 $0.9817 $98.17 / 100 tablets
Where does this data come from?
NADAC (National Average Drug Acquisition Cost) is the CMS weekly pharmacy-acquisition-cost survey — what pharmacies pay. ASP (Average Sales Price) is the CMS Medicare Part B drug-payment file, published quarterly. Medicaid pays is computed by us from CMS State Drug Utilization Data (total reimbursed ÷ units, trailing 12 months) — gross of rebates and inclusive of dispensing fees, so it reflects what Medicaid paid, not an acquisition cost. Medicare drug plans pay is the median negotiated point-of-sale unit cost across plans listing this NDC in the CMS quarterly Prescription Drug Plan pricing files, before rebates. The VA pays is the federal contract price (FSS, and the statutory Big 4 ceiling where listed) from the VA National Acquisition Center pharmaceutical price file. All are free public government data; each measures a different payer, so the figures are not directly comparable.

Packaging — all sizes for this product

Package NDCDescription Marketing startMarketing endStatus
46708-0266-10 46708-266-10 Main listing 100 TABLET, FILM COATED, EXTENDED RELEASE in 1 CARTON 2013-03-14 — Active
46708-0266-30 46708-266-30 30 TABLET, FILM COATED, EXTENDED RELEASE in 1 BOTTLE 2013-03-14 — Active
46708-0266-31 You're viewing this 100 TABLET, FILM COATED, EXTENDED RELEASE in 1 BOTTLE 2013-03-14 — Active
46708-0266-71 46708-266-71 500 TABLET, FILM COATED, EXTENDED RELEASE in 1 BOTTLE 2013-03-14 — Active
46708-0266-90 46708-266-90 90 TABLET, FILM COATED, EXTENDED RELEASE in 1 BOTTLE 2013-03-14 — Active
46708-0266-91 46708-266-91 1000 TABLET, FILM COATED, EXTENDED RELEASE in 1 BOTTLE 2013-03-14 — Active

Pack size FAQ

What quantity is in this package?
This is a 100-count package — 100 tablet, film coated, extended release in 1 bottle.
How does this package differ from NDC 46708-0266-30?
Both are Ropinirole 12 mg Tablet, Film Coated, Extended Release — the drug itself is identical. This page's package is the 100-count one, while NDC 46708-0266-30 is the 30 tablets package.
What NDC number is used to bill for this package of Ropinirole 12 mg Tablet, Film Coated, Extended Release?
Use the 11-digit billing form listed in the identifiers section of this page. Pharmacy and medical claims use the 11-digit form; the FDA label may print a shorter form of the same code.

Therapeutic equivalents

ProductLabelerPackNADAC/unitTEStatusPrice vs. this
Ropinirole 12 mg 00228-3661-03 Actavis 30 tablets $1.811 AB Availability likely —
Ropinirole 12 mg 43547-0558-03 Solco 30 tablets $1.811 AB Availability likely —
Ropinirole Hydrochloride 12 mg 42291-0717-30 AvKARE 30 tablets — AB FDA listed —
Ropinirole 12 mgthis 46708-0266-31 Alembic 100 tablets — AB FDA listed —
Ropinirole 12 mg 55111-0728-05 Dr. 500 tablets — AB FDA listed —
Ropinirole 12 mg 62332-0111-10 Alembic 100 tablets — AB FDA listed —
Ropinirole 12 mg 64850-0254-30 Elite 30 tablets — AB FDA listed —
Ropinirole 12 mg 72162-2606-03 Bryant 30 tablets — AB FDA listed —
About this product: this is a generic version of the medicine. FDA equivalence ratings are shown when available, and other versions are listed above, least expensive first.
Where does this data come from?
Equivalents are other NDCs of the same ingredient, form and route from the openFDA NDC Directory, ranked least-expensive-first by NADAC. Therapeutic-equivalence (AB) ratings come from the FDA Orange Book; biologics use the FDA Purple Book for biosimilar & interchangeable status.

Availability & generic status

🏛️
2013
On the market since
Mar 2013
📍
2026
Currently FDA-listed
13 years listed
🔓
·
Generic on the market
this product is a generic
✅This is a generic drug

This product is an FDA-approved generic. Other versions of the same drug are listed under Therapeutic equivalents, least expensive first.

Where does this data come from?
Patents and exclusivity from the FDA Orange Book (small-molecule drugs), refreshed from public FDA data. Generic launch timing is an estimate, not a guarantee.

What it looks like

Color Pink / Brown / White / Green
ShapeCapsule
ImprintL195
Size12 mm
ScoringNot scored
One label can cover several strengths, so colors may be combined — always confirm a loose pill against the dispensed prescription label or a pharmacist.
Where does this data come from?
Physical description (imprint, shape, color, scoring, coating) from this product’s FDA Structured Product Labeling (SPL), mirrored from DailyMed / openFDA.

Inactive Ingredients / Excipients

Inactive ingredients, also called excipients, are components of the drug product other than the active ingredient. They may include fillers, dyes, coatings, preservatives, flavors, or other formulation ingredients.

🧪 Avoiding an ingredient? See Ropinirole inactive ingredients by manufacturer: every current product's list side by side, so you can ask your pharmacy for the version that does not list it.

💡 Tap an ingredient (hover on desktop) to see what it is and why it’s used.

  • UNII K679OBS311
    Carboxymethylcellulose sodium is a plant-derived thickening agent made from cellulose. In medicines, it acts as a binder to hold ingredients together, a disintegrant to help the tablet break apart, or a thickener in liquids.
  • UNII H3UP11403C
    Ethylcellulose is a plant-derived polymer that thickens and forms protective coatings on tablets and capsules. It slows medicine release into the body and protects the contents from moisture and air.
  • UNII L06K8R7DQK
    A synthetic blue dye approved by the FDA for use in medications and foods. It serves as a colorant to make pills and liquids visually distinct and easier to identify.
  • UNII EX438O2MRT
    Ferric oxide yellow is a naturally occurring iron compound used as a colorant in medications. It gives tablets, capsules, and other forms a yellow or golden hue for identification and appearance.
  • UNII ZF94AP8MEY
    Hydrogenated castor oil is a processed plant oil made by adding hydrogen to castor oil. It's used as a binder to help hold tablet ingredients together and as a lubricant to prevent sticking during manufacturing.
  • UNII 3NXW29V3WO
    Hypromellose is a plant-based thickener made from cellulose. It's used in medicines as a binder to hold ingredients together, a coating for tablets, and a thickener for liquids.
  • UNII 70097M6I30
    Magnesium stearate is a salt made from magnesium and stearic acid, a fatty substance. It's used in tablets and capsules as a lubricant and glidant to help ingredients flow smoothly during manufacturing and prevent sticking.
  • UNII 30IQX730WE
    Polyethylene glycol 6000 is a synthetic polymer made from ethylene glycol units. It acts as a binder, filler, and solubilizer in medicines to help hold ingredients together, add bulk, and improve how well active drugs dissolve and absorb.
  • UNII FZ989GH94E
    Povidone is a synthetic polymer made from a plastic-like material. It acts as a binder to hold tablet ingredients together and as a disintegrant to help the tablet break apart in your stomach so the medicine can be absorbed.
  • UNII ETJ7Z6XBU4
    Silicon dioxide is a naturally occurring mineral used as a glidant and anti-caking agent. It helps powder ingredients flow smoothly and prevents clumping during manufacturing and storage.
  • UNII O8232NY3SJ
    A plant-based carbohydrate derived from corn kernels. It acts as a filler to add bulk, a binder to hold ingredients together, and a disintegrant to help the tablet break apart in your stomach for absorption.
  • UNII 15FIX9V2JP
    Titanium dioxide is a bright white mineral powder commonly used as a colorant and opacifying agent. It makes pills and tablets white or lighter in color and helps make coatings non-transparent.

12 inactive ingredients listed in the exact product block matched to this NDC.

Where does this data come from?
Data sourced from official FDA Structured Product Labeling (SPL) via DailyMed — ingredient classCode="IACT" elements from the exact product block matched by this NDC. Label-section narrative from DailyMed / the openFDA label index is shown separately when available.

Inactive ingredient FAQ

Are inactive ingredients the same for every manufacturer?
No. Inactive ingredients can differ by manufacturer, dosage form, strength, and package / product version.
Why might an inactive ingredient be missing?
Some SPLs do not provide a complete structured inactive-ingredient list, and older or unusual labels may only include the information in narrative text.
Can inactive ingredients matter?
Yes. They can matter for allergies, intolerances, dyes, gluten / lactose concerns, preservatives, and formulation differences — but confirm with a pharmacist or the manufacturer when it’s clinically important.

Manufacturer & labeler

LabelerAlembic Pharmaceuticals Limited
Application holderALEMBIC PHARMACEUTICALS LTD
FDA applicationANDA202786 (ANDA)
Labeler code46708
First marketedMar 2013
Product typeHuman Prescription Drug
Portfolio502 products on file

More NDCs from Alembic Pharmaceuticals Limited labeler code 46708

The labeler markets the product; the application holder owns the FDA approval. They’re often the same company but can differ (e.g. a repackager or an authorized generic). A mailing address / phone appears here when the manufacturer includes it in the product’s FDA label (not all do).
Where does this data come from?
Labeler, application holder and registered establishment from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory and Drugs@FDA; address/contact from the product’s FDA label.

Full prescribing information FDA SPL

The complete FDA label for this product — the official prescribing information, verbatim, section by section. Very long sections are excerpted here and marked; the full text is on DailyMed (linked in the sources below). Jump with a chip, search within the label, or expand everything.
🎯 Indications and Usage ⏱️ Dosage and Administration 💊 Dosage Forms and Strengths ⛔ Contraindications ⚠️ Warnings and Cautions 🤒 Adverse Reactions 🔄 Drug Interactions 👥 Use in Specific Populations 🤰 Pregnancy 🧒 Pediatric Use 🧓 Geriatric Use 🆘 Overdosage 🧬 Clinical Pharmacology 🧬 Mechanism of Action 📦 How Supplied / Storage and Handling 📋 Description 💬 Information for Patients 🍼 Nursing Mothers 🧬 Pharmacokinetics 🧬 Pharmacodynamics 🔬 Clinical Studies 🧪 Nonclinical Toxicology 📄 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility 📄 Recent Major Changes 📄 Package Label / Principal Display Panel
🎯 Indications and Usage 33 words ▾

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Ropinirole extended-release tablets are non-ergoline dopamine agonist indicated for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (1.1)

1.1Parkinson's Disease Ropinirole extended-release tablets are indicated for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.

⏱️ Dosage and Administration ~3 min read ▾

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION •Ropinirole extended-release tablets are taken once daily, with or without food; tablets must be swallowed whole and must not be chewed, crushed, or divided (2.1) •The recommended starting dose is 2 mg taken once daily for 1 to 2 weeks; the dose should be increased by 2 mg/day at 1 week or longer intervals; the maximum dose is 24 mg/day (2.2, 14.2) •Renal Impairment: In patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis, the maximum recommended dose is 18 mg/day (2.2) •If ropinirole extended-release tablets must be discontinued, it should be tapered gradually over a 7-day period; retitration of ropinirole extended-release tablets may be warranted if therapy is interrupted (2.1, 2.2) •Patients may be switched directly from immediate-release ropinirole to ropinirole extended-release tablets; the initial switching dose of ropinirole extended-release tablets should most closely match the total daily dose of immediate-release ropinirole.

(2.3)

2.1General Dosing Recommendations · Ropinirole extended-release tablets are taken once daily, with or without food [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] . · Tablets must be swallowed whole and must not be chewed, crushed, or divided. · If a significant interruption in therapy with ropinirole extended-release tablets has occurred, retitration of therapy may be warranted.

2.2Dosing for Parkinson's Disease The starting dose is 2 mg taken once daily for 1 to 2 weeks, followed by increases of 2 mg/day at 1-week or longer intervals as appropriate, based on therapeutic response and tolerability. The maximum recommended dose of ropinirole extended-release tablets is 24 mg/day. In clinical trials, dosage was initiated at 2 mg/day and gradually titrated based on individual patient therapeutic response and tolerability.

Doses greater than 24 mg/day have not been studied in clinical trials. Patients should be assessed for therapeutic response and tolerability at a minimal interval of 1 week or longer after each dose increment. Monitor patients during dose titration because too rapid a rate of titration may lead to dose selection that may not provide additional benefit, but that may increase the risk of adverse reactions [see Clinical Studies (14.2)] .

Due to the flexible dosing design used in clinical trials, specific dose-response information could not be determined. Ropinirole extended-release tablets should be discontinued gradually over a 7-day period. Renal Impairment No dose adjustment is necessary in patients with moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance of 30 to 50 mL/min).

The recommended initial dose of ropinirole extended-release tablets for patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis is 2 mg once daily. Further dose escalations should be based on tolerability and need for efficacy. The recommended maximum total daily dose is 18 mg/day in patients receiving regular dialysis.

Supplemental doses after dialysis are not required. The use of ropinirole extended-release tablets in patients with severe renal impairment without regular dialysis has not been studied.

2.3Switching from Immediate-Release Ropinirole Tablets to Extended-Release Ropinirole Tablets Patients may be switched directly from immediate-release ropinirole to extended-release ropinirole tablets. The initial dose of ropinirole extended-release tablets should most closely match the total daily dose of the immediate-release formulation of ropinirole tablets, as shown in Table 1. Table 1.

Conversion from Immediate-Release Ropinirole Tablets to Extended-Release Ropinirole Tablets Immediate-Release Ropinirole Tablets Total Daily Dose (mg) Extended-Release Ropinirole Tablets Total Daily Dose (mg) 0.75 to 2.25 2 3 to 4.5 4 6 6 7.5 to 9 8 12 12 15 16 18 18 21 20 24 24 Following conversion to ropinirole extended-release tablets, the dose may be adjusted depending on therapeutic response and tolerability [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].

2.4Effect of Gastrointestinal Transit Time on Medicat… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]

💊 Dosage Forms and Strengths 121 words ▾

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS 2 mg, pink, capsule shaped, film coated tablet, debossed with ‘L191’ on one side and plain on other side. 4 mg, light brown, capsule shaped, film coated tablet, debossed with ‘L193’ on one side and plain on other side. 6 mg, white to off white, capsule shaped, film coated tablet, debossed with ‘L321’ on one side and plain on other side.

8 mg, dark brown to red, capsule shaped, film coated tablet, debossed with ‘L194’ on one side and plain on other side. 12 mg, light green, capsule shaped, film coated tablet, debossed with ‘L195’ on one side and plain on other side. Tablets: 2 mg, 4 mg, 6 mg, 8 mg, and 12 mg (3)

⛔ Contraindications 46 words ▾

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Ropinirole extended-release tablets are contraindicated in patients known to have a hypersensitivity/allergic reaction including urticaria, angioedema, rash, pruritus) to ropinirole or any of the excipients. History of hypersensitivity/ allergic reaction (including urticaria, angioedema, rash, pruritus) to ropinirole or to any of the excipients (4)

⚠️ Warnings and Cautions ~3 min read ▾

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS •Sudden onset of sleep and somnolence may occur (5.1) •Syncope may occur (5.2) •Hypotension, including orthostatic hypotension may occur (5.3) •Elevation of blood pressure and changes in heart rate may occur (5.4) •May cause hallucinations and psychotic-like behaviors (5.5) •May cause or exacerbate dyskinesia (5.6) •May cause problems with impulse control or compulsive behaviors (5.7)

5.1Falling Asleep during Activities of Daily Living and Somnolence Patients treated with ropinirole have reported falling asleep while engaged in activities of daily living, including driving or operating machinary, which sometimes resulted in accidents. Although many of these patients reported somnolence while on ropinirole, some perceived that they had no warning signs such as excessive drowsiness, and believed that they were alert immediately prior to the event. Some have reported these events more than 1 year after initiation of treatment.

Among the 613 patients who received ropinirole extended-release tablets in clinical trials, there were 5 cases of sudden onset of sleep and 2 cases of motor vehicle accident in which it is not known if falling asleep was a contributing factor. During the 6-month trial in advanced Parkinson’s disease, somnolence was reported in 7% of patients receiving ropinirole extended-release tablets compared with 4% of patients receiving placebo. During the 36-week trial in early Parkinson’s disease, somnolence was reported in 11% of patients receiving ropinirole extended-release tablets compared with 15% of patients receiving the immediate-release formulation of ropinirole tablets [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

However, because dose-response was not systematically studied with ropinirole extended-release tablets, the occurrence of somnolence at the highest recommended doses may be higher than these reported frequencies [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] . It has been reported that falling asleep while engaged in activities of daily living usually occurs in a setting of preexisting somnolence, although patients may not give such a history. For this reason, prescribers should reassess patients for drowsiness or sleepiness, especially since some of the events occur well after the start of treatment.

Prescribers should also be aware that patients may not acknowledge drowsiness or sleepiness until directly questioned about drowsiness or sleepiness during specific activities. Before initiating treatment with ropinirole extended-release tablets, patients should be advised of the potential to develop drowsiness and specifically asked about factors that may increase the risk with ropinirole extended-release tablets such as concomitant sedating medications, the presence of sleep disorders, and concomitant medications that increase ropinirole plasma levels (e.g., ciprofloxacin) [see Drug Interactions (7.1)] .

If a patient develops significant daytime sleepiness or episodes of falling asleep during activities that require active participation (e.g., driving a motor vehicle, conversations, eating), ropinirole extended-release tablets should ordinarily be discontinued [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)] . If a decision is made to continue ropinirole extended-release tablets, patients should be advised to not drive and to avoid other potentially dangerous activities. There is insufficient information to establish that dose reduction will eliminate episodes of falling asleep while engaged in activities of daily living.

5.2Syncope Syncope, sometimes associated with bradycardia, was observed in association with ropinirole extended-release tablets in Parkinson’s disease patients. In a placebo-controlled trial involving patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease, syncope occurred in 2 of the 202 patients (1%) who received ropinirole extended-release tablets, and in none of the 191 patients who received placebo [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] . Because the trial of ropinirole extended-release tablets excluded patien… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]

🤒 Adverse Reactions ~2 min read ▾

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following adverse reactions are described in more detail in other sections of the label: · Hypersensitivity [see Contraindications (4)] · Falling Asleep during Activities of Daily Living and Somnolence [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] · Syncope [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] · Hypotension/Orthostatic Hypotension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] · Elevation of Blood Pressure and Changes in Heart Rate [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] · Hallucinations/Psychotic-like Behavior [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)] · Dyskinesia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)] · Impulse Control/Compulsive Behaviors [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)] · Withdrawal-emergent Hyperpyrexia and Confusion [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)] · Melanoma [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)] · Fibrotic Complications [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10)] · Most common adverse reactions (incidence for ropinirole extended-release tablets at least 5% greater than placebo) in advanced Parkinson’s disease with concomitant L-dopa were dyskinesia, nausea, dizziness, hallucination.

(6.1) · Most common adverse reactions (incidence incidence for ropinirole extended-release tablets at least 5%) in early Parkinson’s disease without L-dopa were nausea, somnolence, abdominal pain/discomfort, dizziness, headache, and constipation (6.1) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch

6.1Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared with rates in the clinical trials of another drug (or of another development program of a different formulation of the same drug) and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. During the premarketing development of ropinirole extended-release tablets, patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease received ropinirole extended-release tablets or placebo as adjunctive therapy in 1 clinical trial.

In a second trial, patients with early Parkinson’s disease were treated with ropinirole extended-release tablets or the immediate-release formulation of ropinirole tablets without L-dopa. Advanced Parkinson’s Disease (with L-dopa) In the 24-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial for the treatment of advanced Parkinson’s disease, the most commonly observed adverse reactions in patients treated with ropinirole extended-release tablets (incidence at least 5% greater than placebo) were dyskinesia, nausea, dizziness and hallucination.

Approximately 6% of patients treated with ropinirole extended-release tablets discontinued treatment due to adverse reactions compared with 5% of patients who received placebo. The most common adverse reaction in patients treated with ropinirole extended-release tablets causing discontinuation of treatment with ropinirole extended-release tablets was hallucination (2%) Table 2 lists treatment-emergent adverse reactions that occurred in at least 2% (and were numerically greater than placebo) of patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease treated with ropinirole extended-release tablets who participated in the 26-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

In this trial, either ropinirole extended-release tablets or placebo was used as an adjunct to L-dopa. Table 2. Treatment-Emergent Adverse Reaction Incidence in a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial in Advanced Stage Parkinson’s Disease (With L-dopa) (Events ≥ 2% of Patients Treated with Ropinirole Extended-Release Tabletsand >% with Placebo) a Body System/Adverse Reaction Ropinirole Extended-Release Tablets (n = 202) % Placebo (n = 191) % Ear and labyrinth disorders Vertigo 4 2 Gastrointestinal disorders Nausea 11 4 Constipation 4 2 Abdominal pain/discomfort 6 3 Diarrhea 3 2 Dry mouth 2 <1 General disorders Edema peripheral 4 1 Injury, poisoning, and procedural complication Fall* 2 1 Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders Back p… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]

🔄 Drug Interactions ~1 min read ▾

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS •Inhibitors or inducers of CYP1A2: May alter the clearance of ropinirole;dose adjustment may be required (7.1, 12.3) •Hormone replacement therapy (HRT): Starting or stopping HRT treatment may require dose adjustment of ropinirole extended-release tablets (7.2, 12.3) •Dopamine antagonists (e.g., neuroleptics metoclopramide): May reduce efficacy of ropinirole extended-release tablets (7.3)

7.1CYP1A2 Inhibitors and Inducers In vitro metabolism studies showed that CYP1A2 is the major enzyme responsible for the metabolism of ropinirole. There is thus the potential for inducers or inhibitors of this enzyme to alter the clearance of ropinirole. Therefore, if therapy with a drug known to be a potent inducer or inhibitor of CYP1A2 is stopped or started during treatment with ropinirole extended-release tablets, adjustment of the dose of ropinirole extended-release tablets may be required.

Coadministration of ciprofloxacin, an inhibitor of CYP1A2, with immediate-release ropinirole increases the AUC and C max of ropinirole [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] . Cigarette smoking is expected to increase the clearance of ropinirole since CYP1A2 is known to be induced by smoking [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] .

7.2Estrogens Population pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that higher doses of estrogens (usually associated with hormone replacement therapy [HRT]) reduced the clearance of ropinirole. Starting or stopping HRT may require adjustment of dosage of ropinirole extended-release tablets [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] .

7.3Dopamine Antagonists Because ropinirole is a dopamine agonist, it is possible that dopamine antagonists such as neuroleptics (e.g., phenothiazines, butyrophenones, thioxanthenes) or metoclopramide may reduce the efficacy of ropinirole extended-release tablets.

👥 Use in Specific Populations ~2 min read ▾

8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Pregnancy: Based on animal data, may cause fetal harm (8.1)

8.1Pregnancy Pregnancy Category C. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. In animal reproduction studies, ropinirole has been shown to have adverse effects on embryo-fetal development, including teratogenic effects.

Ropinirole extended-release tablets should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. Oral treatment of pregnant rats with ropinirole during organogenesis resulted in decreased fetal body weight, increased fetal death, and digital malformations at 24, 36, and 60 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) for Parkinson’s disease (24 mg/day) on a mg/m 2 basis. The combined oral administration of ropinirole at 8 times the MRHD and a clinically relevant dose of L-dopa to pregnant rabbits during organogenesis produced a greater incidence and severity of fetal malformations (primarily digit defects) than were seen in the offspring of rabbits treated with L-dopa alone.

No effect on fetal development was observed in rabbits when ropinirole was administered alone at an oral dose 16 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis. In a perinatal-postnatal study in rats, impaired growth and development of nursing offspring and altered neurological development of female offspring were observed when dams were treated with 4 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis.

8.3Nursing Mothers Ropinirole inhibits prolactin secretion in humans and could potentially inhibit lactation. Ropinirole has been detected in rat milk. It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when ropinirole is administered to a nursing woman.

8.4Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness in the pediatric population have not been established.

8.5Geriatric Use Dose adjustment is not necessary in elderly (65 years and older) patients, as the dose of ropinirole extended-release tablets is individually titrated to clinical therapeutic response and tolerability. Pharmacokinetic trials conducted in patients demonstrated that oral clearance of ropinirole is reduced by 15% in patients above 65 years compared with younger patients [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] . In clinical trials of ropinirole extended-release tablets for Parkinson’s disease, 387 patients were 65 years and older and 107 were 75 and older.

Among patients receiving ropinirole extended-release tablets, hallucination was more common in elderly patients (10%) compared with non-elderly patients (2%). The incidence of overall adverse reactions increased with increasing age for both patients receiving ropinirole extended-release tablets and placebo.

8.6Renal Impairment No dose adjustment is necessary in patients with moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance of 30 to 50 mL/min). For patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis, a reduced maximum dose is recommended [see Dosage and Administration (2.2), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. The use of ropinirole extended-release tablets in patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min) without regular dialysis has not been studied.

8.7Hepatic Impairment The pharmacokinetics of ropinirole have not been studied in patients with hepatic impairment.

🤰 Pregnancy 207 words ▾

8.1Pregnancy Pregnancy Category C. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. In animal reproduction studies, ropinirole has been shown to have adverse effects on embryo-fetal development, including teratogenic effects.

Ropinirole extended-release tablets should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. Oral treatment of pregnant rats with ropinirole during organogenesis resulted in decreased fetal body weight, increased fetal death, and digital malformations at 24, 36, and 60 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) for Parkinson’s disease (24 mg/day) on a mg/m 2 basis. The combined oral administration of ropinirole at 8 times the MRHD and a clinically relevant dose of L-dopa to pregnant rabbits during organogenesis produced a greater incidence and severity of fetal malformations (primarily digit defects) than were seen in the offspring of rabbits treated with L-dopa alone.

No effect on fetal development was observed in rabbits when ropinirole was administered alone at an oral dose 16 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis. In a perinatal-postnatal study in rats, impaired growth and development of nursing offspring and altered neurological development of female offspring were observed when dams were treated with 4 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis.

🧒 Pediatric Use 14 words ▾

8.4Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness in the pediatric population have not been established.

🧓 Geriatric Use 121 words ▾

8.5Geriatric Use Dose adjustment is not necessary in elderly (65 years and older) patients, as the dose of ropinirole extended-release tablets is individually titrated to clinical therapeutic response and tolerability. Pharmacokinetic trials conducted in patients demonstrated that oral clearance of ropinirole is reduced by 15% in patients above 65 years compared with younger patients [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] . In clinical trials of ropinirole extended-release tablets for Parkinson’s disease, 387 patients were 65 years and older and 107 were 75 and older.

Among patients receiving ropinirole extended-release tablets, hallucination was more common in elderly patients (10%) compared with non-elderly patients (2%). The incidence of overall adverse reactions increased with increasing age for both patients receiving ropinirole extended-release tablets and placebo.

🆘 Overdosage 136 words ▾

10 OVERDOSAGE The symptoms of overdose with ropinirole are generally related to its dopaminergic activity. General supportive measures are recommended. Vital signs should be maintained, if necessary.

In the Parkinson’s disease program, there have been patients who accidentally or intentionally took more than their prescribed dose of ropinirole. The largest overdose reported with immediate-release ropinirole in clinical trials was 435 mg taken over a 7-day period (62.1 mg/day). Of patients who received a dose greater than 24 mg/day, reported symptoms included adverse events commonly reported during dopaminergic therapy (nausea, dizziness), as well as visual hallucinations, hyperhidrosis, claustrophobia, chorea, palpitations, asthenia, and nightmares.

Additional symptoms reported for doses of 24 mg or less or for overdoses of unknown amount included vomiting, increased coughing, fatigue, syncope, vasovagal syncope, dyskinesia, agitation, chest pain, orthostatic hypotension, somnolence, and confusional state.

🧬 Clinical Pharmacology ~3 min read ▾

12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

12.1Mechanism of Action Ropinirole is a non-ergoline dopamine agonist. The precise mechanism of action of ropinirole as a treatment for Parkinson’s disease is unknown, although it is thought to be related to its ability to stimulate dopamine D 2 -type receptors within the caudate-putamen in the brain.

12.2Pharmacodynamics Clinical experience with dopamine agonists, including ropinirole, suggests an association with impaired ability to regulate blood pressure with resulting orthostatic hypotension, especially during dose escalation. In some subjects in clinical trials, blood pressure changes were associated with the emergence of orthostatic symptoms, bradycardia, and, in one case in a healthy volunteer, transient sinus arrest with syncope [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2, 5.3)]. The mechanism of orthostatic hypotension induced by ropinirole is presumed to be due to a D 2 -mediated blunting of the noradrenergic response to standing and subsequent decrease in peripheral vascular resistance.

Nausea is a common concomitant symptom of orthostatic signs and symptoms. At oral doses as low as 0.2 mg, ropinirole suppressed serum prolactin concentrations in healthy male volunteers. Immediate-release ropinirole had no dose-related effect on ECG wave form and rhythm in young, healthy, male volunteers in the range of 0.01 to 2.5 mg.

Immediate-release ropinirole had no dose- or exposure-related effect on mean QTc intervals in healthy male and female volunteers titrated to doses up to 4 mg/day. The effect of ropinirole on QTc intervals at higher exposures achieved either due to drug interactions, hepatic impairment, or at higher doses has not been systematically evaluated.

12.3Pharmacokinetics Increase in systemic exposure of ropinirole following oral administration of 2 to 12 mg of ropinirole extended-release tablets was approximately dose-proportional. For ropinirole extended-release tablets, steady-state concentrations of ropinirole are expected to be achieved within 4 days of dosing. Absorption In clinical trials with immediate-release ropinirole, over 88% of a radiolabeled dose was recovered in urine, and the absolute bioavailability was 45% to 55%, indicating approximately 50% first-pass effect.

Relative bioavailability of ropinirole extended-release tablets compared with immediate-release tablets was approximately 100%. In a repeat-dose trial in subjects with Parkinson’s disease using ropinirole extended-release tablets 8 mg, the dose-normalized AUC (0-24) and C min for ropinirole extended-release tablets and immediate-release ropinirole were similar. Dose-normalized C max was, on average, 12% lower for ropinirole extended-release tablets than for the immediate-release formulation and the median time-to-peak concentration was 6 to 10 hours.

In a single-dose trial, administration of ropinirole extended-release tablets to healthy volunteers with food (i.e., high-fat meal) increased AUC by approximately 30% and C max by approximately 44%, compared with dosing under fasted conditions. In a repeat-dose trial in patients with Parkinson’s disease, food (i.e., high-fat meal) increased AUC by approximately 20% and C max by approximately 44%; T max was prolonged by 3 hours (median prolongation) compared with dosing under fasted conditions [see Dosage and Administration (2)] .

Distribution Ropinirole is widely distributed throughout the body, with an apparent volume of distribution of

7.5L/kg. It is up to 40% bound to plasma proteins and has a blood-to-plasma ratio of 1:1. Metabolism Ropinirole is extensively metabolized by the liver.

The major metabolic pathways are N-despropylation and hydroxylation to form the inactive N-despropyl metabolite and hydroxy metabolites. The N-despropyl metabolite is converted to carbamyl glucuronide, carboxylic acid, and N-despropyl hydroxy metabolites. The hydroxy metabolite of ropinirole is rapidly glucuronidated.

In vitro studies indicate that the major cytochrome P450 enzyme invo… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]

🧬 Mechanism of Action 48 words ▾

12.1Mechanism of Action Ropinirole is a non-ergoline dopamine agonist. The precise mechanism of action of ropinirole as a treatment for Parkinson’s disease is unknown, although it is thought to be related to its ability to stimulate dopamine D 2 -type receptors within the caudate-putamen in the brain.

📦 How Supplied / Storage and Handling ~1 min read ▾

16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING Each capsule shaped, film coated tablet contains ropinirole hydrochloride equivalent to the labeled amount of ropinirole as follows: 2 mg: pink tablets debossed with 'L191' NDC 46708-262-30 bottle of 30 tablets NDC 46708-262-90 bottle of 90 tablets NDC 46708-262-31 bottle of 100 tablets NDC 46708-262-71 bottle of 500 tablets NDC 46708-262-91 bottle of 1000 tablets NDC 46708-262-10 carton of 100 (10X10) unit dose tablets 4 mg: light brown tablets debossed with 'L193' NDC 46708-263-30 bottle of 30 tablets NDC 46708-263-90 bottle of 90 tablets NDC 46708-263-31 bottle of 100 tablets NDC 46708-263-71 bottle of 500 tablets NDC 46708-263-91 bottle of 1000 tablets NDC 46708-263-10 carton of 100 (10X10) unit dose tablets 6 mg: white to off white tablets debossed with 'L321' NDC 46708-264-30 bottle of 30 tablets NDC 46708-264-90 bottle of 90 tablets NDC 46708-264-31 bottle of 100 tablets NDC 46708-264-71 bottle of 500 tablets NDC 46708-264-91 bottle of 1000 tablets NDC 46708-264-10 carton of 100 (10X10) unit dose tablets 8 mg: dark brown to red tablets debossed with 'L194' NDC 46708-265-30 bottle of 30 tablets NDC 46708-265-90 bottle of 90 tablets NDC 46708-265-31 bottle of 100 tablets NDC 46708-265-71 bottle of 500 tablets NDC 46708-265-91 bottle of 1000 tablets NDC 46708-265-10 carton of 100 (10X10) unit dose tablets 12 mg: light green tablets debossed with 'L195' NDC 46708-266-30 bottle of 30 tablets NDC 46708-266-90 bottle of 90 tablets NDC 46708-266-31 bottle of 100 tablets NDC 46708-266-71 bottle of 500 tablets NDC 46708-266-91 bottle of 1000 tablets NDC 46708-266-10 carton of 100 (10X10) unit dose tablets Storage Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.] Dispense in a tight, light-resistant container as defined in the USP.

📋 Description 155 words ▾

11 DESCRIPTION Ropinirole extended-release tablets contains ropinirole, a non-ergoline dopamine agonist as the hydrochloride salt. The chemical name of ropinirole hydrochloride is 4-[2-(dipropylamino)ethyl]-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one and the empirical formula is C 16 H 24 N 2 O•HCl. The molecular weight is 296.84 (260.38 as the free base).

The structural formula is: Ropinirole hydrochloride is a white to yellow solid with a melting range of 243° to 250°C and a solubility of 133 mg/mL in water. Each capsule shaped, film coated tablet contains 2.28 mg, 4.56 mg, 6.84 mg, 9.12 mg, or 13.68 mg ropinirole hydrochloride equivalent to ropinirole 2 mg, 4 mg, 6 mg, 8 mg, or 12 mg, respectively. Inactive ingredients consist of carboxymethylcellulose sodium, colloidal silicon dioxide, hydrogenated castor oil, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, povidone, pregelatinized starch, ethylcellulose and one or more of the following: FD&C Blue No.

2 aluminum lake, ferric oxides (black, red, yellow), polyethylene glycol 6000, polyethylene glycol 8000, titanium dioxide, talc. Structure

💬 Information for Patients ~2 min read ▾

17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION Advice the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information). Dosing Instructions Instruct patients to take ropinirole extended-release tablets only as prescribed. If a dose is missed, advise patients not to double their next dose.

Ropinirole extended-release tablets can be taken with or without food. Inform patients to swallow ropinirole extended-release tablets whole and not to chew, crush, or divide the tablets [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)] . Ropinirole is the active ingredient in both ropinirole extended-release tablets and ropinirole tablets (the immediate-release formulation).

Ask your patients if they are taking another medication containing ropinirole. Hypersensitivity/Allergic Reactions Advise patients about the potential for developing a hypersensitivity/allergic reaction including manifestations such as urticaria, angioedema, rash, and pruritus when taking any ropinirole product. Inform patients who experience these or similar reactions after starting ropinirole tablets or ropinirole extended-release tablets, to immediately contact their healthcare professional [see Contraindications (4)] .

Falling Asleep during Activities of Daily Living and Somnolence Alert patients to the potential sedating effects caused by ropinirole extended-release tablets, including somnolence and the possibility of falling asleep while engaged in activities of daily living. Because somnolence is a frequent adverse reaction with potentially serious consequences, patients should not drive a car, operate machinery, or engage in other potentially dangerous activities until they have gained sufficient experience with ropinirole extended-release tablets to gauge whether or not it affects their mental and/or motor performance adversely.

Advise patients that if increased somnolence or episodes of falling asleep during activities of daily living (e.g., conversations, eating, driving a motor vehicle, etc.) are experienced at any time during treatment, they should not drive or participate in potentially dangerous activities until they have contacted their physician. Advise patients of possible additive effects when patients are taking other sedating medications, alcohol, or other central nervous system depressants (e.g., benzodiazepines, antipsychotics, antidepressants, etc.) in combination with ropinirole extended-release tablets or when taking a concomitant medication (e.g., ciprofloxacin) that increases plasma levels of ropinirole [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] .

Syncope and Hypotension/Orthostatic Hypotension Advise patients that they may experience syncope and may develop hypotension with or without symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, syncope, and sometimes sweating while taking ropinirole extended-release tablets, especially if they are elderly. Hypotension and/or orthostatic symptoms may occur more frequently during initial therapy or with an increase in dose at any time (cases have been seen after weeks of treatment). Postural/orthostatic symptoms may be related to sitting up or standing.

Accordingly, caution patients against standing rapidly after sitting or lying down, especially if they have been doing so for prolonged periods and especially at the initiation of treatment with ropinirole extended-release tablets [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2, 5.3)] . Elevation of Blood Pressure and Changes in Heart Rate Alert patients to the possibility of increases in blood pressure during treatment with ropinirole extended-release tablets. Exacerbation of hypertension may occur.

Medication dose adjustment may be necessary if elevation of blood pressure is sustained over multiple evaluations. Alert patients with cardiovascular disease, who may not tolerate marked changes in heart rate, to the possibility that they may experience significant increases or decreases in heart rate during treatment with ropinirole extended-release tablets [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] . Hallucinat… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]

🍼 Nursing Mothers 53 words ▾

8.3Nursing Mothers Ropinirole inhibits prolactin secretion in humans and could potentially inhibit lactation. Ropinirole has been detected in rat milk. It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when ropinirole is administered to a nursing woman.

🧬 Pharmacokinetics ~3 min read ▾

12.3Pharmacokinetics Increase in systemic exposure of ropinirole following oral administration of 2 to 12 mg of ropinirole extended-release tablets was approximately dose-proportional. For ropinirole extended-release tablets, steady-state concentrations of ropinirole are expected to be achieved within 4 days of dosing. Absorption In clinical trials with immediate-release ropinirole, over 88% of a radiolabeled dose was recovered in urine, and the absolute bioavailability was 45% to 55%, indicating approximately 50% first-pass effect.

Relative bioavailability of ropinirole extended-release tablets compared with immediate-release tablets was approximately 100%. In a repeat-dose trial in subjects with Parkinson’s disease using ropinirole extended-release tablets 8 mg, the dose-normalized AUC (0-24) and C min for ropinirole extended-release tablets and immediate-release ropinirole were similar. Dose-normalized C max was, on average, 12% lower for ropinirole extended-release tablets than for the immediate-release formulation and the median time-to-peak concentration was 6 to 10 hours.

In a single-dose trial, administration of ropinirole extended-release tablets to healthy volunteers with food (i.e., high-fat meal) increased AUC by approximately 30% and C max by approximately 44%, compared with dosing under fasted conditions. In a repeat-dose trial in patients with Parkinson’s disease, food (i.e., high-fat meal) increased AUC by approximately 20% and C max by approximately 44%; T max was prolonged by 3 hours (median prolongation) compared with dosing under fasted conditions [see Dosage and Administration (2)] .

Distribution Ropinirole is widely distributed throughout the body, with an apparent volume of distribution of

7.5L/kg. It is up to 40% bound to plasma proteins and has a blood-to-plasma ratio of 1:1. Metabolism Ropinirole is extensively metabolized by the liver.

The major metabolic pathways are N-despropylation and hydroxylation to form the inactive N-despropyl metabolite and hydroxy metabolites. The N-despropyl metabolite is converted to carbamyl glucuronide, carboxylic acid, and N-despropyl hydroxy metabolites. The hydroxy metabolite of ropinirole is rapidly glucuronidated.

In vitro studies indicate that the major cytochrome P450 enzyme involved in the metabolism of ropinirole is CYP1A2, an enzyme known to be induced by smoking and omeprazole, and inhibited by, for example, fluvoxamine, mexiletine, and the older fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. Elimination The clearance of ropinirole after oral administration to patients is 47 L/hr and its elimination half-life is approximately 6 hours. Less than 10% of the administered dose is excreted as unchanged drug in urine.

N-despropyl ropinirole is the predominant metabolite found in urine (40%), followed by the carboxylic acid metabolite (10%), and the glucuronide of the hydroxy metabolite (10%). Drug Interactions Digoxin: Coadministration of immediate-release ropinirole (2 mg three times daily) with digoxin (0.125 to 0.25 mg once daily) did not alter the steady-state pharmacokinetics of digoxin in 10 patients. Theophylline: Administration of theophylline (300 mg twice daily, a substrate of CYP1A2) did not alter the steady-state pharmacokinetics of immediate-release ropinirole (2 mg three times daily) in 12 patients with Parkinson’s disease.

Immediate-release ropinirole (2 mg three times daily) did not alter the pharmacokinetics of theophylline (5 mg/kg IV) in 12 patients with Parkinson’s disease. Ciprofloxacin: Coadministration of ciprofloxacin (500 mg twice daily), an inhibitor of CYP1A2, with immediate-release ropinirole (2 mg three times daily) increased ropinirole AUC by 84% on average and C max by 60% (n = 12 patients). Estrogens: Population pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that estrogens (mainly ethinylestradiol: intake 0.6 to 3 mg over 4-month to 23-year period) reduced the oral clearance of ropinirole by 36% in 16 patients.

L-dopa: Coadministration… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]

🧬 Pharmacodynamics 201 words ▾

12.2Pharmacodynamics Clinical experience with dopamine agonists, including ropinirole, suggests an association with impaired ability to regulate blood pressure with resulting orthostatic hypotension, especially during dose escalation. In some subjects in clinical trials, blood pressure changes were associated with the emergence of orthostatic symptoms, bradycardia, and, in one case in a healthy volunteer, transient sinus arrest with syncope [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2, 5.3)]. The mechanism of orthostatic hypotension induced by ropinirole is presumed to be due to a D 2 -mediated blunting of the noradrenergic response to standing and subsequent decrease in peripheral vascular resistance.

Nausea is a common concomitant symptom of orthostatic signs and symptoms. At oral doses as low as 0.2 mg, ropinirole suppressed serum prolactin concentrations in healthy male volunteers. Immediate-release ropinirole had no dose-related effect on ECG wave form and rhythm in young, healthy, male volunteers in the range of 0.01 to 2.5 mg.

Immediate-release ropinirole had no dose- or exposure-related effect on mean QTc intervals in healthy male and female volunteers titrated to doses up to 4 mg/day. The effect of ropinirole on QTc intervals at higher exposures achieved either due to drug interactions, hepatic impairment, or at higher doses has not been systematically evaluated.

🔬 Clinical Studies ~3 min read ▾

14 CLINICAL STUDIES The effectiveness of ropinirole was initially established with the immediate-release formulation (ropinirole tablets) for the treatment of early and advanced Parkinson’s disease in three randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. The effectiveness of ropinirole extended-release tablets in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease was supported by two randomized, double-blind, multicenter clinical trials and clinical pharmacokinetic considerations. One trial conducted in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease compared ropinirole extended-release tablets with placebo as adjunctive therapy to L-dopa.

A second trial compared ropinirole extended-release tablets with ropinirole tablets in patients with early phase Parkinson’s disease not receiving L-dopa. In these trials a variety of measures were used to assess the effects of treatment (e.g., Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale [UPDRS] scores, patient diaries recording time “on” and “off,” tolerability of L-dopa dose reductions). The UPDRS is a multi-item rating scale intended to evaluate mentation (Part I), activities of daily living (Part II), motor performance (Part III), and complications of therapy (Part IV).

Part III of the UPDRS contains 14 items designed to assess the severity of the cardinal motor findings in patients with Parkinson’s disease (e.g., tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instability) scored for different body regions and has a maximum (worst) score of 108.

14.1Trial in Patients with Advanced Parkinson's Disease (with L-dopa) The effectiveness of ropinirole extended-release tablets as adjunctive therapy to L-dopa in patients with Parkinson’s disease was established in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group, 24-week clinical trial in 393 patients (Hoehn & Yahr criteria Stages II-IV) who were not adequately controlled by L-dopa therapy. Patients were allowed to be on concomitant selegiline, amantadine, anticholinergics, and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors provided the doses were stable for at least 4 weeks prior to screening and throughout the trial.

The primary efficacy endpoint evaluated was the mean change from baseline in total awake time spent “off”. Patients in this trial had a mean disease duration of 8.6 years, a mean duration of exposure to L-dopa of 6.5 years, had experienced a minimum of 3 hours awake time “off” with a baseline average of approximately 7 hours awake time “off”, and had a mean baseline UPDRS motor score of approximately 30 points with similar mean data in each treatment group. The mean baseline dose of L-dopa in the group receiving ropinirole extended-release tablets was 824 mg/day and 776 mg/day for the placebo group.

Patients initiated treatment at 2 mg/day for 1 week followed by increases of 2 mg/day at weekly intervals to a minimum dose of 6 mg/day. The following week, the total daily dose of ropinirole extended-release tablets could be further increased (based upon therapeutic response and tolerability) to 8 mg/day. Once a daily dose of 8 mg/day was reached, the background L-dopa dosage was reduced.

Thereafter, the daily dose could be increased by up to 4 mg/day approximately every 2 weeks until an optimal dose was achieved (based upon therapeutic response and tolerability). The mean dose of ropinirole extended-release tablets at the end of Week 24 was 18.8 mg/day. Dose titrations were based upon the degree of symptom control, planned L-dopa dosage reduction, and/or tolerability.

The maximum allowed daily dosage for ropinirole extended-release tablets was 24 mg/day. The primary efficacy endpoint was mean change from baseline in total awake time spent “off” at Week 24. At baseline the mean total awake time spent “off” was approximately 7 hours in each treatment group.

At Week 24, the total awake time spent “off”, on average, had decreased by approximately 2 hours in the group receiving ropinirole extended-release tablets and by approximately half an hour… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]

🧪 Nonclinical Toxicology ~1 min read ▾

13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY

13.1Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Carcinogenesis Two-year carcinogenicity studies of ropinirole were conducted in mice at oral doses of 5, 15, and 50 mg/kg/day and rats at oral doses of 1.5, 15, and 50 mg/kg/day. In rats, there was an increase in testicular Leydig cell adenomas at all doses tested. The lowest dose tested (1.5 mg/kg/day) is less than the MRHD for Parkinson’s disease (24 mg/day) on a mg/m 2 basis.

The endocrine mechanisms believed to be involved in the production of these tumors in rats are not considered relevant to humans. In mice, there was an increase in benign uterine endometrial polyps at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day. The highest dose not associated with this finding (15 mg/kg/day) is three times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis.

Mutagenesis Ropinirole was not mutagenic or clastogenic in in vitro (Ames, chromosomal aberration in human lymphocytes, mouse lymphoma tk ) assays, or in the in vivo mouse micronucleus test. Impairment of Fertility When administered to female rats prior to and during mating and throughout pregnancy, ropinirole caused disruption of implantation at oral doses of 20 mg/kg/day (8 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis) or greater. This effect in rats is thought to be due to the prolactin-lowering effect of ropinirole.

In rat studies using a low oral dose (5 mg/kg) during the prolactin-dependent phase of early pregnancy (gestation days 0 to 8), ropinirole did not affect female fertility at oral doses up to 100 mg/kg/day (40 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis). No effect on male fertility was observed in rats at oral doses up to 125 mg/kg/day (50 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis).

📄 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility ~1 min read ▾

13.1Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Carcinogenesis Two-year carcinogenicity studies of ropinirole were conducted in mice at oral doses of 5, 15, and 50 mg/kg/day and rats at oral doses of 1.5, 15, and 50 mg/kg/day. In rats, there was an increase in testicular Leydig cell adenomas at all doses tested. The lowest dose tested (1.5 mg/kg/day) is less than the MRHD for Parkinson’s disease (24 mg/day) on a mg/m 2 basis.

The endocrine mechanisms believed to be involved in the production of these tumors in rats are not considered relevant to humans. In mice, there was an increase in benign uterine endometrial polyps at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day. The highest dose not associated with this finding (15 mg/kg/day) is three times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis.

Mutagenesis Ropinirole was not mutagenic or clastogenic in in vitro (Ames, chromosomal aberration in human lymphocytes, mouse lymphoma tk ) assays, or in the in vivo mouse micronucleus test. Impairment of Fertility When administered to female rats prior to and during mating and throughout pregnancy, ropinirole caused disruption of implantation at oral doses of 20 mg/kg/day (8 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis) or greater. This effect in rats is thought to be due to the prolactin-lowering effect of ropinirole.

In rat studies using a low oral dose (5 mg/kg) during the prolactin-dependent phase of early pregnancy (gestation days 0 to 8), ropinirole did not affect female fertility at oral doses up to 100 mg/kg/day (40 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis). No effect on male fertility was observed in rats at oral doses up to 125 mg/kg/day (50 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis).

📄 Recent Major Changes 15 words ▾

Dosage and Administration (2.2, 2.3) 8/2014 Contraindications (4) 8/2014 Warnings and Precautions (5.5, 5.7) 8/2014

📄 Package Label / Principal Display Panel 180 words ▾

PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 2mg rOPINIRole Extended-Release Tablets 2 mg* (30 Tablets in 1 Bottle) *Each extended-release tablet contains 2.28 mg ropinirole hydrochloride equivalent to 2 mg ropinirole 46708-262-30 2 mg 30's HDPE Bottle Pack

PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 4mg rOPINIRole Extended-Release Tablets 4 mg* (30 Tablets in 1 Bottle) *Each extended-release tablet contains 4.56 mg ropinirole hydrochloride equivalent to 4 mg ropinirole 46708-263-30 4 mg 30's HDPE Bottle Pack

PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 6mg rOPINIRole Extended-Release Tablets 6 mg* (30 Tablets in 1 Bottle) *Each extended-release tablet contains 6.84 mg ropinirole hydrochloride equivalent to 6 mg ropinirole 46708-264-30 6 mg 30's HDPE Bottle Pack

PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 8mg rOPINIRole Extended-Release Tablets 8 mg* (30 Tablets in 1 Bottle) *Each extended-release tablet contains 9.12 mg ropinirole hydrochloride equivalent to 8 mg ropinirole 46708-265-30 8 mg 30's HDPE Bottle Pack

PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 12mg rOPINIRole Extended-Release Tablets 12 mg* (30 Tablets in 1 Bottle) *Each extended-release tablet contains 13.68 mg ropinirole hydrochloride equivalent to 12 mg ropinirole 46708-266-30 12 mg 30's HDPE Bottle Pack

Source: FDA Structured Product Labeling, mirrored from DailyMed / openFDA. Prefer the government’s original formatting? View this label on DailyMed ↗

About this NDC listing & data coverage

Finished prescription product
What data is (and isn’t) available for this NDC — tap to expand
NDC identity (package / product / labeler codes) ✓ Available
Labeler ✓ Available
Product & package description ✓ Available
Marketing category & status ✓ Available
Active ingredient / dosage form / route ✓ Available
FDA label (SPL via DailyMed) ✓ Available
Package photos ✓ Available
Inactive ingredients (structured) ✓ Available
NADAC pharmacy acquisition price (CMS) — Not published for this NDC CMS publishes NADAC only for NDCs reported in its retail-pharmacy survey.
Orange Book / therapeutic-equivalence data ✓ Available
HCPCS J-code billing crosswalk — Not published for this NDC Most self-administered / retail products have no J-code — that is normal.
Medicaid utilization (CMS SDUD) — Not published for this NDC CMS reports utilization only for NDCs with Medicaid claims above its privacy threshold.
“Not published” reflects what the public FDA / CMS / NLM sources provide for this exact package code — it is a property of the data feeds, not a judgment about the product.

Questions about this listing

Why is there no price listed?
The pricing shown on our NDC pages comes from CMS NADAC, a voluntary survey of retail community pharmacy invoices. CMS does not publish a NADAC for every NDC — packages outside the retail survey (institutional and hospital products, bulk packages, discontinued items, and many OTC items) may never receive one. A missing price reflects the survey's scope, not this product's actual cost, and does not mean the product is free or unavailable.
Is the NDC printed on the package the same as the 11-digit billing NDC?
Yes, they identify this exact package in different formats. The form printed on the packaging and shown on DailyMed is the one the FDA registered. Insurance claims use a fixed 11-digit 5-4-2 format, so the short segment is padded with a leading zero and the dashes are dropped. The Identity section at the top of this page lists each form of this code.
Is this package still being marketed?
Yes, per the latest FDA NDC Directory data on this page: this package is listed as actively marketed, with no marketing end date reported by Alembic Pharmaceuticals Limited. Listing status can change — the directory data on this page refreshes weekly.
Does this product come in other package sizes?
Yes — the FDA directory lists 5 other package presentations of this same product, including 30 tablets (46708-0266-30), 90 tablets (46708-0266-90), 100 tablets (46708-0266-10). Each has its own NDC and its own page — see the package list near the top of this page.
Who lists this product with the FDA?
Alembic Pharmaceuticals Limited is the labeler of record for this NDC — the company under whose FDA-assigned code the package is listed. The labeler may be the manufacturer itself or a distributor marketing the product under its own code.
Do I need a prescription for this product?
This NDC is listed with FDA as a prescription product, so it is dispensed under a prescriber's order. Your pharmacist can tell you whether any over-the-counter forms of the same medication exist.
This page identifies an FDA-listed package (the NDC) and reports public regulatory and pricing data about the listing. It is reference information, not a medical recommendation — talk to your pharmacist or prescriber about your own medication.
Where does this data come from?
Listing facts (marketing category, packager status, marketing dates) from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory; label availability from DailyMed; pricing coverage from CMS NADAC; equivalence scope from the FDA Orange Book.
← 46708-0265-10 · Alembic 46708-0267-10 · Alembic →
For educational and professional reference only — not medical advice. Pricing reflects published NADAC and CMS ASP (free public data) and may differ from your acquisition cost; always verify before billing or dispensing.