Warfarin and Gatifloxacin Ophthalmic: Interaction Details
AI-assisted, pharmacist-reviewed · Source data updated Aug 8, 2026 · Sources: FDA labeling, DDInter 2.0, cited literature
Warfarin
Gatifloxacin Ophthalmic
How we grade severity & evidence
Severity levels
- Contraindicated: These should generally not be used together.
- Major: Potentially serious — often needs a change or close monitoring.
- Moderate: Can be significant — usually manageable with monitoring.
- Minor: Usually limited clinical impact.
Evidence grades
- Established: Well documented — supported by controlled studies or strong clinical data.
- Probable: Good supporting evidence, though not definitively proven.
- Suspected: Some evidence suggests this interaction, but it is not well established.
- Possible: Limited or conflicting evidence; the interaction may occur.
- Theoretical: Predicted from the drugs' pharmacology; not yet confirmed in people.
Ratings come from the documented interaction literature and are reviewed by a pharmacist. They describe the documented risk of the combination, not what will necessarily happen to you — your dose, timing, and health picture all matter.
What happens
An increased risk of bleeding
Interaction Deep Dive
Although one study did not find an interaction with the coadministration of a single warfarin dose following an 11-day regimen of gatifloxacin1, a nested case-control study found that quinolone use, including gatifloxacin, in patients stable on warfarin therapy resulted in an increased risk of bleeding requiring hospitalization. When possible, substitute gatifloxacin with an antibiotic with a low-risk profile for bleeding. If concomitant use is deemed necessary, more frequent monitoring of INR is recommended 2, especially during initiation and discontinuation of the antibiotic 3.
Why it happens (mechanism)
Disruption of vitamin K synthesis
Literature reports
2 reports — tap to read
a) Initiation of antibiotics in patients on continuous warfarin therapy resulted in a significantly increased risk of serious bleeding requiring hospitalization according to a nested case-control study of United States Medicare part D beneficiaries aged 65 years and older (n=38,762). Patients on warfarin who received any antibiotic were twice as likely to be hospitalized for bleeding compared with matched controls on warfarin who were not exposed to antibiotics (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 2.01; 95% CI, 1.62 to 2.5). Additionally, continuous-warfarin users were twice as likely to have a bleeding event that required hospitalization within 60 days of antibiotic exposure compared with non-exposure. Antibiotic exposure greater than 60 days from the index bleed was not significantly associated with increased risk of bleeding. Specific antibiotics with the highest bleeding risk were azole antifungals (aOR, 4.57; 95% CI, 1.9 to 11.03), followed by cotrimoxazole (aOR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.46 to 5.05), cephalosporins (aOR, 2.45; 95% CI, 1.52 to 3.95), penicillins (aOR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.21 to 2.07), macrolides (aOR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.08 to 3.21), and quinolones (aOR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.09 to 2.62) 2.
b) The concurrent administration of oral gatifloxacin 400 mg once daily for 11 days and a single oral dose of warfarin 25 mg had no significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of either drug. Additionally, the prothrombin time was not significantly altered 1.
Common questions
Can I take Warfarin and Gatifloxacin Ophthalmic together?
An increased risk of bleeding Always confirm with your pharmacist or prescriber before making any change.
How serious is the Warfarin and Gatifloxacin Ophthalmic interaction?
It is rated major. Potentially serious — often needs a change or close monitoring.
How quickly could this interaction happen?
The documented onset is "delayed". Effects tend to build up gradually over days to weeks.
How strong is the evidence for this interaction?
The evidence is graded "probable". Good supporting evidence, though not definitively proven.
From our Q&A
Real reader questions about these medications, each personally answered by our pharmacist:
Questions for your pharmacist
- Does my dose of Warfarin or Gatifloxacin Ophthalmic need adjusting while I take them together?
- What symptoms should prompt me to call you or my prescriber right away?
- Does the timing of my doses matter for this combination?
- Is there a safer alternative to one of these medications for me?
References (3)
- Product Information: TEQUIN(R) oral tablets, injection, gatifloxacin oral tablets, injection. Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, 2006.
- Baillargeon J, Holmes HM, Lin YL, et al: Concurrent use of warfarin and antibiotics and the risk of bleeding in older adults. Am J Med 2012; 125(2):183-189. PubMed
- Product Information: COUMADIN(R) oral tablets, intravenous injection powder lyophilized for solution, warfarin sodium oral tablets, intravenous injection powder lyophilized for solution. Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (per FDA), Princeton, NJ, 2011. DailyMed
Keep reading about Warfarin
Keep reading about Gatifloxacin Ophthalmic
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