Acti-fem Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by North American Herb & Spice
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Acti-fem against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Acti-fem is a dietary supplement by North American Herb & Spice with 8 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for general nutrition and energy, skin and hair health, acne (topical and oral).Based on those ingredients, 1,352 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are wild Sage, Fennel, Fenugreek. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Acti-fem by North American Herb & Spice
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Acti-fem by North American Herb & Spice — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Acti-fem by North American Herb & Spice
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Acti-fem contains eight ingredients, including pantothenic acid (a B vitamin), plus a proprietary blend with fenugreek, fennel, fennel seed oil powder, royal jelly, kelp, sage, and raspberry. The product also contains two inactive ingredients — cellulose and silica — which are fillers and capsule materials.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
Evidence for this product's ingredients varies. Fenugreek is possibly effective for sexual dysfunction, sexual arousal, painful periods (dysmenorrhea), and type 2 diabetes.
Fennel and fennel seed oil are possibly effective for painful periods. Sage is possibly effective for menopausal symptoms, high cholesterol (hyperlipidemia), and cognitive function.
Royal jelly is possibly effective for menopausal symptoms. Pantothenic acid is effective for pantothenic acid deficiency but possibly ineffective for radiation dermatitis.
For most other uses listed (hay fever, anxiety, bronchitis), the evidence we hold is insufficient to rate these ingredients' effectiveness.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Pantothenic acid is generally well tolerated orally; some people report diarrhea, and topical forms may cause burning or irritation. High-dose supplements warrant a doctor's consultation.
Fenugreek is generally well tolerated in food amounts but can cause stomach pain, bloating, diarrhea, nausea, and rarely severe allergic reactions including anaphylaxis. Fennel and fennel seed oil are generally well tolerated as food but can cause gastrointestinal discomfort, light sensitivity, and allergic reactions; rarely, seizures have been reported.
Royal jelly is generally well tolerated but poses high risk of serious allergic reactions — including anaphylaxis and death — in people with a history of asthma or atopy, even at typical doses. Sage is generally well tolerated in food and short-term tea use but may cause stomach upset, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and rarely seizures with concentrated extracts.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking Acti-fem, double-check your medications against these drug types: blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs (warfarin, clopidogrel); blood sugar medications; antihypertensive drugs (blood pressure medications); theophylline; the antibiotic ciprofloxacin; phenytoin; sildenafil; contraceptive drugs; hormone replacement therapy; sedatives and CNS depressants; the breast cancer drug tamoxifen; and any drug metabolized by your liver via the CYP3A4, CYP2D6, CYP2C19, or CYP2C9 pathways, or transported by P-glycoprotein. We could not check wild kelp or wild raspberry.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Acti-fem is designed around ingredients with some evidence for women's health concerns like painful periods and menopausal symptoms. But it carries a significant interaction load — especially with blood thinners, blood pressure drugs, diabetes medications, and hormonal therapies.
If you take any prescription medications, especially warfarin, diabetes drugs, or birth control, check them against our database before starting. People with asthma or a history of allergies should be cautious with the royal jelly content.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 6 of 8 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jun 16, 2022.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Acti-fem, straight from the product label.
| Brand | North American Herb & Spice |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 635824006435 |
| Net contents | 90 Vegi Cap(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Jun 16, 2022 |
| DSLD ID | 269243 |
| Product type | Other Combinations |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult Female (18 - 50 Years), Menopause, Seniors/Mature (>50 Years) - Women ONLY |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Acti-fem by North American Herb & Spice, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Pantothenic Acid | 0 NP | -- |
| Proprietary Blend | 700 mg | -- |
| Fenugreek | 0 NP | -- |
| Fennel | 0 NP | -- |
| Fennel seed Oil powder | 0 NP | -- |
| undiluted 3x wild Royal Jelly | 0 NP | -- |
| wild, raw Kelp | 0 NP | -- |
| wild Sage | 0 NP | -- |
| wild Raspberry | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Cellulose, Silica
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Directions: Take one or more capsules daily with or without meals.
Formula
Acti-fem is a unique blend of premium undiluted, high-potency royal jelly, wild, raw kelp, and wild mountain spices for supporting the female endocrine system.
It’s a complete formula, ideal for supporting female health in every way. Acti-fem is perfect for supporting a healthy response to ovarian health and also for healthy menopause support. Great for supporting a healthy ovarian and adrenal response for females regardless of the age. Activate your femininity with Acti-fem, inside and out.
Wild Raspberry & Sage
Premium royal jelly-plus
Formulation
Acti-fem is free of all chemicals, pesticides, and additives.
Acti-fem is the finest formula for quick results.
Female hormone System support
Supports healthy metabolism
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
General Statements
1-800-243-5242
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Acti-fem by North American Herb & Spice label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Acti-fem by North American Herb & Spice
These are the 8 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container90 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Proprietary Blend
- › Pantothenic Acid
- › Fenugreek
- › Fennel
- › Fennel seed Oil powder
- › Undiluted 3x wild Royal Jelly
- › Wild, raw Kelp
- › Wild Sage
- › Wild Raspberry
Other (inactive) ingredients: Cellulose, Silica. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Acti-fem by North American Herb & Spice Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Acti-fem by North American Herb & Spice contains several ingredients with documented interactions with medications.
The most serious concern involves fenugreek, which can theoretically have additive effects with blood thinners (anticoagulants) like warfarin, potentially increasing bleeding risk — this is a Moderate severity interaction.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Fenugreek also interacts with blood sugar medications (antidiabetes drugs), meaning it could lower your blood sugar further; medications that slow blood clotting (antiplatelet drugs) like clopidogrel; theophylline, a respiratory medication; the blood pressure drug metoprolol; the anti-seizure drug phenytoin; and sildenafil for erectile dysfunction. All are rated Moderate severity.
Fennel and fennel seed oil powder (both Moderate severity) affect contraceptive drugs, hormone replacement therapy, blood thinners, ciprofloxacin (an antibiotic), and the breast cancer drug tamoxifen. They may also increase levels of drugs your liver processes via the CYP3A4 pathway.
Royal jelly can add to the blood-pressure-lowering effect of antihypertensive drugs and increase bleeding risk with warfarin. Sage interacts with sedatives (CNS depressants), blood pressure medications, antibiotics like clopidogrel, and multiple drug-metabolizing enzymes (CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP3A4), as well as P-glycoprotein-transported drugs and estrogen therapy — all Moderate severity.
We could not check wild kelp and wild raspberry; no data is on file for them. Altogether, these interactions span 1,336 individual medications.
Use the search tool below to check your exact prescriptions before starting this product.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Acti-fem?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Acti-fem interact with 1,352 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
4 of the 8 ingredients in Acti-fem interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. wild Sage Fennel Fenugreek undiluted 3x wild Royal Jelly
Ado-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed Oil PowderCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionWild SageCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Wild Sage + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
FenugreekAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Fenugreek + Abciximab interactionFennel Seed Oil PowderAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Abciximab interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed Oil PowderCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Abemaciclib interactionWild SageCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Wild Sage + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild SageCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Wild Sage + Abiraterone interactionFennel Seed Oil PowderCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed Oil PowderCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Abiraterone Acetate interactionWild SageCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Wild Sage + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Acti-fem — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
FenugreekAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Fenugreek + Abrocitinib interactionWild SageCytochrome P450 2c19 (cyp2c19) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
Read the full Wild Sage + Abrocitinib interactionFennel Seed Oil PowderAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed Oil PowderCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Acalabrutinib interactionWild SageCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, P-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acalabrutinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
FenugreekAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fenugreek seed might have additive hypoglycemic effects when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Fenugreek + Acarbose interactionWild SageAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking sage with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acarbose interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with Acti-fem — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Undiluted 3x Wild Royal JellyAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, royal jelly might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Undiluted 3x Wild Royal Jelly + Acebutolol interactionWild SageAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might increase or decrease the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acebutolol interactionFenugreekAntihypertensive Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Fenugreek may also have an additive effect on blood pressure-lowering medications.
Read the full Fenugreek + Acebutolol interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed Oil PowderAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Acenocoumarol interactionFenugreekAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Fenugreek + Acenocoumarol interactionAcepromazineAtravet
How Acepromazine interacts with Acti-fem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild SageAnticholinergic Drugs, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might decrease the clinical effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acepromazine interactionAcetaminophenChildren's Tylenol, Children's Tylenol Meltaways, Tylenol, Tylenol Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen interacts with Acti-fem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild SageCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might decrease the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Acti-fem — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild SageCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might decrease the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionFenugreekAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Fenugreek + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionFennel Seed Oil PowderAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Acti-fem — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed Oil PowderAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionWild SageCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might decrease the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionFenugreekAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Fenugreek + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Acti-fem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild SageCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might decrease the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, ButalbitalAxocet, Bancap, Bucet, Butex Forte, Esgic CF, Orbivan CF +5 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital interacts with Acti-fem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild SageCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might decrease the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild SageCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might decrease the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionFennel Seed Oil PowderCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed Oil PowderCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionWild SageCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking sage might increase the sedative and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with Acti-fem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild SageCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might decrease the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Acti-fem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild SageCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking sage might increase the sedative and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild SageCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +3 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might decrease the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionFennel Seed Oil PowderCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild SageCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking sage might increase the sedative and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionFennel Seed Oil PowderCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild SageCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionFennel Seed Oil PowderCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild SageCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cns Depressants +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionFennel Seed Oil PowderCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild SageCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionFennel Seed Oil PowderCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed Oil PowderCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionWild SageCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates, Anticholinergic Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might decrease the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild SageAnticholinergic Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might decrease the clinical effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionFennel Seed Oil PowderCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild SageCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cns Depressants +3 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionFennel Seed Oil PowderCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, DextromethorphanCoricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild SageAnticholinergic Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might decrease the clinical effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionFennel Seed Oil PowderCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan HydrobromideCoricidin HBP Maximum Strength Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interacts with Acti-fem — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed Oil PowderCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Oil Powder + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionWild SageCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, sage might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Wild Sage + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Acti-fem with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
wild Sage
Anticholinergic Drugs
Theoretically, sage might decrease the clinical effects of anticholinergic drugs.
In vitro evidence suggests that common sage (Salvia officinalis) and Spanish sage (Salvia lavandulaefolia) can inhibit acetylcholinesterase and might increase acetylcholine levels.
Anticonvulsants
Theoretically, sage might interfere with the clinical effects of anticonvulsant drugs.
Some species of sage can cause convulsions when consumed in large quantities.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, taking sage with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
In patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes, common sage (Salvia officinalis) has demonstrated hypoglycemic activity. However, other clinical research in patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes shows that common sage extract does not lower fasting blood glucose levels.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, sage might increase or decrease the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
Animal research suggests that common sage (Salvia officinalis) can cause prolonged blood pressure reduction. However, clinical research suggests that Spanish sage (Salvia lavandulaefolia) can increase blood pressure in some people with hypertension. Until more is known, use with caution.
Benzodiazepines
Theoretically, taking sage might increase the sedative and adverse effects of benzodiazepines.
In vitro evidence suggests that certain components of common sage (Salvia officinalis) can bind to benzodiazepine receptors. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cholinergic Drugs
Theoretically, sage might have additive effects when used with cholinergic drugs.
In vitro evidence suggests that common sage (Salvia officinalis) and Spanish sage (Salvia lavandulaefolia) can inhibit acetylcholinesterase and might increase acetylcholine levels.
Cns Depressants
Theoretically, taking sage might increase the sedative and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Some constituents of sage have CNS depressant activity.
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates
Theoretically, sage might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
In vitro evidence suggests that aqueous extracts of sage can inhibit CYP2C19. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, sage might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
In vitro evidence suggests that aqueous extracts of sage can inhibit CYP2C9. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Theoretically, sage might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro evidence suggests that aqueous extracts of sage can inhibit CYP2D6. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (Cyp2E1) Substrates
Theoretically, sage might decrease the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Animal research suggests that drinking common sage (Salvia officinalis) tea increases the expression of CYP2E1. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, sage might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro evidence suggests that aqueous extracts of sage can inhibit CYP3A4. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Estrogens
Theoretically, sage might interfere with hormone therapy.
In vitro evidence suggests that geraniol, a constituent of Spanish sage (Salvia lavandulaefolia), exerts estrogenic activity. The clinical significance of this effect is unclear.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, sage might increase levels of drugs transported by P-glycoprotein.
In vitro research suggests that common sage (Salvia officinalis) can inhibit the multi-drug transporter protein, P-glycoprotein. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Fennel
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Animal research suggests that fennel oil has antithrombotic and antiplatelet effects.
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
Theoretically, fennel might decrease the levels and clinical effects of ciprofloxacin.
Animal research shows that fennel reduces ciprofloxacin bioavailability by nearly 50%, possibly due to the metal cations such as calcium, iron, and magnesium contained in fennel. This study also found that fennel increased tissue distribution and slowed elimination of ciprofloxacin.
Contraceptive Drugs
Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might decrease the effects of contraceptive drugs due to competition for estrogen receptors.
Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research suggests that fennel inhibits CYP3A4 enzyme activity. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Estrogens
Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might interfere with hormone replacement therapy due to competition for estrogen receptors.
Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity.
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might decrease the antiestrogenic effect of tamoxifen.
Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity, which may interfere with the antiestrogenic activity of tamoxifen.
Fenugreek
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Some of the constituents in fenugreek have antiplatelet effects in animal and in vitro research. However, common fenugreek products might not contain sufficient concentrations of these constituents for clinical effects. A clinical study in patients with coronary artery disease or diabetes shows that taking fenugreek seed powder 2.5 grams twice daily for 3 months does not affect platelet aggregation, fibrinolytic activity, or fibrinogen levels .
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, fenugreek seed might have additive hypoglycemic effects when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Clinical research shows that fenugreek seed can reduce fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial glucose levels in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Theoretically, fenugreek seed might alter the clinical effects of clopidogrel by inhibiting its conversion to the active form.
Animal research shows that fenugreek seed 200 mg/kg daily for 14 days increases the maximum serum concentration of clopidogrel by 21%. It is unclear how this affects the pharmacokinetics of the active metabolite of clopidogrel; however, this study found that concomitant use of fenugreek seed and clopidogrel prolonged bleeding time by an additional 11%.
Metoprolol (Toprol)
Theoretically, fenugreek seed might have additive hypotensive effects when used with metoprolol.
Animal research shows that fenugreek seed 300 mg/kg daily for 2 weeks decreases systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 9% and 11%, respectively, when administered alone, and by 15% and 22%, respectively, when given with metoprolol 10 mg/kg.
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Theoretically, fenugreek might decrease plasma levels of phenytoin.
Animal research shows that taking fenugreek seeds for 1 week decreases maximum concentrations and the area under the curve of a single dose of phenytoin by 44% and 72%, respectively. This seems to be related to increased clearance. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Sildenafil (Viagra)
Theoretically, concurrent use of sildenafil and fenugreek might reduce levels and therapeutic effects of sildenafil.
Animal research shows that taking fenugreek seeds for 1 week reduces maximum concentrations and the area under the curve of a single dose of sildenafil by 27% and 48%, respectively. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Theophylline
Theoretically, fenugreek may reduce the levels and clinical effects of theophylline.
Animal research shows that fenugreek 50 grams daily for 7 days reduces the maximum serum concentration (Cmax) of theophylline by 28% and the area under the plasma drug concentration-time curve (AUC) by 22%.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects with warfarin and increase the international normalized ratio (INR).
Some fenugreek constituents have antiplatelet effects, although these might not be present in concentrations that are clinically significant. In one case report, a patient taking warfarin experienced an increased INR when starting to take fenugreek in combination with boldo.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Fenugreek may also have an additive effect on blood pressure-lowering medications. Studies on animals have shown that fenugreek seed can decrease both systolic and diastolic blood pressure by up to 22% when combined with metoprolol. Therefore, it is essential to monitor your blood pressure regularly if you are taking fenugreek and metoprolol together or any other antihypertensive drugs.
undiluted 3x wild Royal Jelly
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, royal jelly might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Animal research suggests that royal jelly might lower blood pressure.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Royal jelly might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with warfarin.
In one case, an 87-year-old male who was previously stabilized on warfarin developed hematuria and was found to have an INR of 7.29 after taking a royal jelly supplement for one week.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Acti-fem, from the product label.
North American Herb & Spice
See all North American Herb & Spice products- Name
- North American Herb & Spice
- Street Address
- 13900 W. Polo Trail Drive
- City
- Lake Forest
- State
- IL
- ZipCode
- 60045
- Phone Number
- 1-847-473-4700
- Web Address
- www.oreganol.com
Acti-fem by North American Herb & Spice: Common Questions
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Will Acti-fem help with painful periods?
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Acti-fem’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Pantothenic Acid
Pantothenic acid is vitamin B5, an essential nutrient your body uses to turn food into energy. True deficiency is very rare because it is found in nearly all foods, and most people meet thei...
Read the full Pantothenic Acid monograph → Herb & supplement monographFenugreek
Interacts with 389 drugsFenugreek is a common kitchen spice that is also taken as a supplement, mainly for blood sugar, cholesterol, and to support breast milk production. Some early research is encouraging for blo...
Read the full Fenugreek monograph → Herb & supplement monographFennel
Interacts with 740 drugsFennel is a Mediterranean herb widely used as a food and spice, and traditionally taken for digestive complaints, colic, and menstrual cramps. Some small studies suggest possible benefit for...
Read the full Fennel monograph → Herb & supplement monographRoyal Jelly
Interacts with 174 drugsRoyal jelly is a nutrient-rich substance made by worker bees to feed the queen bee. People take it for menopause symptoms, energy, skin, and immune support, but solid human evidence is limit...
Read the full Royal Jelly monograph → Herb & supplement monographSage
Interacts with 1,296 drugsSage is a common kitchen herb that is generally safe in food amounts and is traditionally used for sore throats, digestion, sweating, and memory. Some early research is encouraging for sore...
Read the full Sage monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Acti-fem's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 99 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Pantothenic Acid 11 references
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- Debourdeau PM, Djezzar S, Estival JL, et al. Life-threatening eosinophilic pleuropericardial effusion related to vitamins B5 and H. Ann Pharmacother 2001;35:424-6. DOI
- Schmuth, M., Wimmer, M. A., Hofer, S., Sztankay, A., Weinlich, G., Linder, D. M., Elias, P. M., Fritsch, P. O., and Fritsch, E. Topical corticosteroid therapy for acute radiation dermatitis: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Br.J.Dermatol. 2 PubMed
- Schreck, U., Paulsen, F., Bamberg, M., and Budach, W. Intraindividual comparison of two different skin care conceptions in patients undergoing radiotherapy of the head-and-neck region. Creme or powder? Strahlenther.Onkol. 2002;178(6):321-329. PubMed
- Herbst, R. A., Uter, W., Pirker, C., Geier, J., and Frosch, P. J. Allergic and non-allergic periorbital dermatitis: patch test results of the Information Network of the Departments of Dermatology during a 5-year period. Contact Dermatitis 2004;51(1):13-1 PubMed
- Champault, G. and Patel, J. C. [Treatment of constipation with Bepanthene]. Med.Chir Dig. 1977;6(1):57-59.
- Scott LN, Fiume M, Bergfeld WF, et al. Safety Assessment of Panthenol, Pantothenic Acid, and Derivatives as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2022;41(3_suppl):77-128. PubMed
- Han J, Warshaw EM. Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Panthenol in "Hypoallergenic" Products. Dermatitis 2023;34(1):62-63. PubMed
- Blanchard G, Kerre S, Walker A, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis from pantolactone and dexpanthenol in wound healing creams. Contact Dermatitis 2022;87(5):468-471. PubMed
- Peltier E, Trapp S, de Salvo R, et al. A new dexpanthenol-containing liquid cleanser for atopic-prone skin: Results from two prospective clinical studies evaluating cutaneous tolerability, moisturization potential, and effects on barrier function. J Cosme PubMed
Fenugreek 30 references
- Madar Z, Thorne R. Dietary fiber. Prog Food Nutr Sci 1987;11:153-74.
- Sharma RD, Raghuram TC, Rao NS. Effect of fenugreek seeds on blood glucose and serum lipids in type I diabetes. Eur J Clin Nutr 1990;44:301-6.
- Patil SP, Niphadkar PV, Bapat MM. Allergy to fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum). Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1997;78:297-300. PubMed
- Lambert J, Cormier J. Potential interaction between warfarin and boldo-fenugreek. Pharmacotherapy 2001;21:509-12. PubMed
- Bordia A, Verma SK, Srivastava KC. Effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) on blood lipids, blood sugar and platelet aggregation in patients with coronary artery disease. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty PubMed
- Yalcin SS, Tekinalp G, Ozalp I. Peculiar odor of traditional food and maple syrup urine disease. Pediatr Int 1999;41:108-9. PubMed
- Sewell AC, Mosandl A, Bohles H. False diagnosis of maple syrup urine disease owing to ingestion of herbal tea. N Engl J Med 1999;341:769.. PubMed
- Abdo MS, al-Kafawi AA. Experimental studies on the effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum (abstract). Planta Med 1969;17:14-8.
- Gupta A, Gupta R, Lal B. Effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) seeds on glycaemic control and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a double blind placebo controlled study. J Assoc Physicians India 2001;49:1057-61.
- Gabay MP. Galactogogues: medications that induce lactation. J Hum Lact 2002;18:274-9. PubMed
- Chevassus H, Gaillard JB, Farret A, et al. A fenugreek seed extract selectively reduces spontaneous fat intake in overweight subjects. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2010;66(5):449-55. PubMed
- Turkyilmaz C, Onal E, Hirfanoglu IM, et al. The effect of galactagogue herbal tea on breast milk production and short-term catch-up of birth weight in the first week of life. J Altern Complement Med 2011;17(2):139-42. PubMed
- Swafford S, Berens P. Effect of fenugreek on breast milk volume. Abstract presented at: 5th International Meeting of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine; September 11-13,2000, Tucson, Arizona.
- Abdel-Barry, J. A., Abdel-Hassan, I. A., Jawad, A. M., and al Hakiem, M. H. Hypoglycaemic effect of aqueous extract of the leaves of Trigonella foenum-graecum in healthy volunteers. East Mediterr.Health J 2000;6(1):83-88. DOI
- Parvizpur, A., Ahmadiani, A., and Kamalinejad, M. Probable role of spinal purinoceptors in the analgesic effect of Trigonella foenum (TFG) leaves extract. J Ethnopharmacol 3-8-2006;104(1-2):108-112. PubMed
- Mora, A., Herrrera, A., Lopez, C., Dahbi, G., Mamani, R., Pita, J. M., Alonso, M. P., Llovo, J., Bernardez, M. I., Blanco, J. E., Blanco, M., and Blanco, J. Characteristics of the Shiga-toxin-producing enteroaggregative Escherichia coli O104:H4 German ou
- Blanco, J. [Stx2a-producing enteroaggregative Escherichia coli O104:H4-ST678. Microbiological diagnostic already, for this and other STEC/VTEC serotypes!]. Enferm.Infecc.Microbiol.Clin. 2012;30(2):84-89.
- Beutin, L. and Martin, A. Outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O104:H4 infection in Germany causes a paradigm shift with regard to human pathogenicity of STEC strains. J Food Prot. 2012;75(2):408-418. PubMed
- King LA, Nogareda F, Weill FX, Mariani-Kurkdjian P, Loukiadis E, Gault G, Jourdan-DaSilva N, Bingen E, Macé M, Thevenot D, Ong N, Castor C, Noël H, Van Cauteren D, Charron M, Vaillant V, Aldabe B, Goulet V, Delmas G, Couturier E, Le Strat Y, Combe C, Delm
- Reeder C, Legrand A, O'Connor-Von SK. The Effect of Fenugreek on Milk Production and Prolactin Levels in Mothers of Preterm Infants. Clinical Lactation 2013;4(4):159-165. DOI
- Al-Jenoobi FI, Ahad A, Mahrous GM, Al-Mohizea AM, AlKharfy KM, Al-Suwayeh SA. Effects of fenugreek, garden cress, and black seed on theophylline pharmacokinetics in beagle dogs. Pharm Biol 2015;53(2):296-300. PubMed
- Rao A, Steels E, Inder WJ, Abraham S, Vitetta L. Testofen, a specialised Trigonella foenum-graecum seed extract reduces age-related symptoms of androgen decrease, increases testosterone levels and improves sexual function in healthy aging males in a doubl
- Steels E, Rao A, Vitetta L. Physiological aspects of male libido enhanced by standardized Trigonella foenum-graecum extract and mineral formulation. Phytother Res. 2011 Sep;25(9):1294-300.
- Gong J, Fang K, Dong H, Wang D, Hu M, Lu F. Effect of fenugreek on hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidemia in diabetes and prediabetes: A meta-analysis. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016 Dec 24;194:260-268. PubMed
- Ouzir M, El Bairi K, Amzazi S. Toxicological properties of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum). Food Chem Toxicol. 2016 Oct;96:145-54. PubMed
- Khodamoradi K, Khosropanah MH, Ayati Z, et al. The Effects of Fenugreek on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Complement Ther Med. 2020;52:102416. PubMed
- Alkharfy K, Jan B, Alotaibi K, et al. Clopidogrel-herb Interactions: A Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Assessment in a Rat Model. Curr Drug Metab 2021;22(12):969-977. PubMed
- Bin Jardan YA, Ahad A, Raish M, Alam MA, Al-Mohizea AM, Al-Jenoobi FI. Effects of garden cress, fenugreek and black seed on the pharmacodynamics of metoprolol: an herb-drug interaction study in rats with hypertension. Pharm Biol 2021;59(1):1088-1097. PubMed
- Al-Mohizea AM, Ahad A, El-Maghraby GM, et al. Effects of Nigella sativa, Lepidium sativum and Trigonella foenum-graecum on sildenafil disposition in beagle dogs. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2015;40(2):219-24. PubMed
- Alkharfy KM, Al-Jenoobi FI, Al-Mohizea AM, et al. Effects of Lepidium sativum, Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum-graceum on phenytoin pharmacokinetics in beagle dogs. Phytother Res. 2013;27(12):1800-4.
Fennel 17 references
- Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
- Zhu M, Wong PY, Li RC. Effect of oral administration of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) on ciprofloxacin absorption and disposition in the rat. J Pharm Pharmacol 1999;51:1391-6.
- Gral N, Beani JC, Bonnot D, et al. [Plasma levels of psoralens after celery ingestion]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 1993;120:599-603.
- Burkhard PR, Burkhardt K, Haenggeli CA, Landis T. Plant-induced seizures: reappearance of an old problem. J Neurol 1999;246:667-70. PubMed
- Rosti L, Nardini A, Bettinelli ME, Rosti D. Toxic effects of a herbal tea mixture in two newborns. Acta Paediatrica 1994;83:683. PubMed
- Cuzzolin L, Zaffani S, and Benoni G. Safety implications regarding use of phytomedicines. Eur.J Clin Pharmacol. 2006;62:37-42. PubMed
- Tognolini, M., Ballabeni, V., Bertoni, S., Bruni, R., Impicciatore, M., and Barocelli, E. Protective effect of Foeniculum vulgare essential oil and anethole in an experimental model of thrombosis. Pharmacol.Res 2007;56(3):254-260. PubMed
- Subehan, Usia, T., Iwata, H., Kadota, S., and Tezuka, Y. Mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 by Indonesian medicinal plants. J Ethnopharmacol. 5-24-2006;105(3):449-455. PubMed
- Tognolini, M., Barocelli, E., Ballabeni, V., Bruni, R., Bianchi, A., Chiavarini, M., and Impicciatore, M. Comparative screening of plant essential oils: phenylpropanoid moiety as basic core for antiplatelet activity. Life Sci. 2-23-2006;78(13):1419-1432. PubMed
- Subehan, Zaidi, S. F., Kadota, S., and Tezuka, Y. Inhibition on human liver cytochrome P450 3A4 by constituents of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare): identification and characterization of a mechanism-based inactivator. J Agric.Food Chem. 12-12-2007;55(25):101 PubMed
- LEVY, S. B. Bronchial asthma due to ingestion of fennel and fennel seed. Ann.Allergy 1948;6(4):415.
- Ottolenghi, A., De Chiara, A., Arrigoni, S., Terracciano, L., and De Amici, M. [Diagnosis of food allergy caused by fruit and vegetables in children with atopic dermatitis]. Pediatr Med Chir 1995;17(6):525-530.
- Trabace L, Tucci P, Ciuffreda L, et al. "Natural" relief of pregnancy-related symptoms and neonatal outcomes: above all do no harm. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015;174:396-402. PubMed
- Denaxa D, Arkwright PD. Fennel as a cause of immediate hypersensitivity to toothpaste. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2020;125(1):99-100. PubMed
- Lee HW, Ang L, Lee MS, Alimoradi Z, Kim E. Fennel for reducing pain in primary dysmenorrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrients 2020;12(11):3438. PubMed
- Mathew T, John SK, Javali M, Vasireddy M, Nadig R, Sarma GRK. Substance use related cluster headache: A case series. Headache 2022;62(7):908-910. PubMed
Royal Jelly 14 references
- Takahashi M, Matsuo I, Ohkido M. Contact dermatitis due to honeybee royal jelly. Contact Dermatitis 1983;9:452-5.
- Bullock RJ, et al. Fatal royal jelly-induced asthma. Med J Aust 1994;160:44. DOI
- Thien FC, Leung R, Baldo BA, et al. Asthma and anaphylaxis induced by royal jelly. Clin Exp Allergy 1996;26:216-22. PubMed
- Yonei Y, Shibagaki K, Tsukada N, et al. Case report: haemorrhagic colitis associated with royal jelly intake. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1997;12:495-9.
- Harwood M, Harding S, Beasley R, Frankish PD. Asthma following royal jelly. N Z Med J 1996;109:325.
- Laporte JR, Ibaanez L, Vendrell L, Ballarin E. Bronchospasm induced by royal jelly. Allergy 1996;51:440. DOI
- Leung R, Thien FC, Baldo B, et al. Royal jelly-induced asthma and anaphylaxis: clinical characteristics and immunologic correlations. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1995;96:1004-7. PubMed
- Peacock S, Murray V, Turton C. Respiratory distress and royal jelly. BMJ 1995;311:1472. DOI
- Winther K, Hedman C. Assessment of the Effects of the Herbal Remedy Femal on the Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 2002;63:344-53. DOI
- Lee NJ, Fermo JD. Warfarin and royal jelly interaction. Pharmacotherapy 2006;26:583-6. PubMed
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