Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 2 of 3 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Amplified Glutamine Microfusion Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by GNC Pro Performance AMP

Amplified Glutamine Microfusion label
See full label image
Tablet Or Pill Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Amplified Glutamine Microfusion against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Amplified Glutamine Microfusion is a dietary supplement by GNC Pro Performance AMP with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for muscle recovery and sports performance, gut health and 'leaky gut', recovery from severe illness or injury.Based on those ingredients, 947 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Dual GE Amplifier(TM) Whole Fruit Extract, L-Glutamine, Micronized. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Amplified Glutamine Microfusion by GNC Pro Performance AMP

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Amplified Glutamine Microfusion by GNC Pro Performance AMP — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Amplified Glutamine Microfusion by GNC Pro Performance AMP

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 16, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 3 of its 3 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

This product has three active ingredients. L-Glutamine, Micronized is an amino acid — a building block your body uses for muscle tissue, immune function, and gut health.

Dual GE Amplifier Whole Fruit Extract is a grape-derived concentrate meant to provide additional nutritional support. The remaining ingredients — cellulose, enteric coating, mica, artificial colors, natural mint flavor, and sucralose — are inactive fillers and binders that give the tablet its form and taste.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: muscle recovery and exercise performance support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, Exercise-induced muscle damage, Muscle soreness, Postoperative recovery, Wound healing, Critical illness (trauma) — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Glutamine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Critical illness (trauma) (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Glutamine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Postoperative recovery.
  • Also on file: Glutamine is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Athletic performance, Radiation-induced diarrhea.

L-Glutamine is rated Effective for sickle cell disease and Possibly Effective for HIV/AIDS-related wasting, postoperative recovery, and critical illness from trauma. Grape extract is rated Possibly Effective for chronic venous insufficiency (poor circulation in the legs) but Possibly Ineffective for chemotherapy-related nausea, hay fever, and weight loss.

The evidence supporting grape for most uses is limited.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Glutamine Grape

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 2 of the 2 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 2 of 2.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 2 of 2.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

L-Glutamine is generally well tolerated in healthy people. The most common side effects are gastrointestinal — belching, bloating, flatulence, nausea, diarrhea, and constipation — especially at high doses.

Headache and musculoskeletal pain have also been reported. People with kidney or liver disease should only use it under medical supervision.

Grape extract is also generally well tolerated; common side effects include abdominal pain, diarrhea, dry mouth, headache, and nausea. Rare cases of anaphylaxis to grape skin have been reported.

L-Glutamine is rated Likely Safe in pregnancy and lactation; grape extract is also rated Likely Safe, though concentrated grape supplements (not grapes as food) should be avoided in pregnancy due to limited safety data.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Glutamine Grape

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 2 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Grape, Glutamine.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; seizure medications; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs.
  • For scale: 948 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take anticonvulsant medications (Moderate risk), blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (Moderate risk), or any medication processed through your liver's CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, or CYP3A4 pathways (Moderate risk) — this includes immunosuppressants like cyclosporine and sedatives like midazolam. The grape extract may change how your body handles these drugs.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product may help with sickle cell disease or HIV-related wasting, but the evidence for grape extract's benefits is weaker. The main concern is that it interacts with a large number of medications across several drug-processing pathways and may increase bleeding risk with blood thinners.

If you take any prescription medications — especially anticonvulsants, blood thinners, immunosuppressants, or sedatives — check with your doctor or pharmacist before starting.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 2 of 3 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jan 25, 2012.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Amplified Glutamine Microfusion, straight from the product label.

Brand GNC Pro Performance AMP
Net contents 180 Tablet(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jan 25, 2012
DSLD ID 4846
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Tablet Or Pill
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Amplified Glutamine Microfusion by GNC Pro Performance AMP, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
6 Tablet(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
6 Tablet(s)
Servings per container
30
IngredientAmount% DV
Polyethylene Glycol500 mg--
L-Glutamine, Micronized5 g--
Dual GE Amplifier(TM) Whole Fruit Extract400 mg--

Other ingredients: Cellulose, Enteric Coating, Mica, Artificial Colors, natural Mint flavor, Sucralose

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

DIRECTIONS: As a dietary supplement, take six tablets immediately after workouts. On non-training days, take in the morning.

Precautions

KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN.

WARNINIG: Consult your physician prior to using this product if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication, or have a medical condition.

Discontinue use two weeks prior to surgery.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place.

General Statements

• 5g of Advanced, Micronized Glutamine for Muscle Cell Protection & Recovery Support* • Clinically Studied Antioxidant Combats Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress* • Cutting-Edge Delivery System Facilitates Fast Glutamine Replenishment*

ADVANCED MUSCLE PERFORMANCE

Conforms to USP <2091> for weight.

GNC GUARANTEE Use any GNC supplement for as little as 10 days. If you are not 100% completely satisfied, return the unused portion of the product with proof of purchase to your GNC store for a complete refund of your purchase price. No questions asked!

GNC QUALITY COMMITMENT GNC, the leader in the development and manufacture of dietary supplements, is committed to producing the highest quality products available. This commitment begins with quality designed supplement formulations. Every raw material that goes into GNC supplement is guaranteed as to quality and potency. Each product is dated and then shipped immediately to our stores, so you can be sure you are purchasing the freshest supplements available. At GNC, we extend our quality commitment to you by offering our money back guarantee.

Micronized recovery formula

NEW

Post-Workout Daily Recovery

Potency of Glutamine verified by GNC procedure #5052.

General

CODE 825411 KKG

Brand IP Statement(s)

POWERGRAPE(R) is a trademark of Naturex Inc.

What is Amplified Glutamine MicroFusion?(TM) Now one of the most popular amino acids is AMPed up for enhanced benefits, taking glutamine supplementation to the next level. Each 5 gram serving of glutamine has been micronized into smaller particles to facilitate faster absorption, which is further intensified with a patent-pending PEG-Glutamine system to maximize delivery potential. To AMP it up even more…the technology enhanced glutamine has been fused with our Dual GE Amplifier(TM), a clinically studied grape complex that has been clinically shown to enhance antioxidant protection giving you important recovery support needed after every intense training session.* The Amplified Glutamine MicroFusion(TM) Evolution This uniquely fused formulation is designed to optimize protein synthesis and enhance antioxidant protection through cutting-edge technology and scientific research and expertise: Micronized Glutamine – This advanced glutamine is micronized using MicroSorb(TM) Amino Technology creating smaller particles that are easier to absorb. That means more glutamine can be available for your muscles to use as fuel! Involved in protein synthesis and hydrating muscle cells, levels of this important amino acid can be reduced with intense exercise. Supplementing with a more easily absorbable form of glutamine can help maintain glutamine levels in muscle to help maximize muscle function. Specialized Sports Antioxidant – Combat exercise-induced oxidative stress through a clinically studied grape complex shown to improve antioxidant status by 10% in athletes post-exercise!*^ Important for the recovery process, the antioxidant protection works to fight free radicals that are created during strenuous exercise, which can cause damage to all cells, including muscle cells.* ^A study including 20 high level athletes in training and competition were evaluated on two separate occasions. On one occasion they used Dual GE Amplifier(TM) and the second occasion they took a placebo. Results concluded a 10% improvement in antioxidant level in the blood when they took the Dual GE Amplifier(TM) compared to the placebo, revealing better antioxidant support.

Who Can Benefit from Taking Amplified Glutamine MicroFushion?(TM) Athletes with intense training regimens need extra support for muscle function and recovery.* Amplified Glutamine MicroFushion(TM) helps to fill this need and also supports anti-catabolic responses with its enhanced micronized formula. If you are serious about performance results, then Amplified Glutamine MicroFushion(TM) is the product for you! When Should Amplified Glutamine MicroFushion(TM) be Taken? Consume one serving immediately after workouts. For additional recovery support, take one serving daily.

Formulation

No Sugar, No Artificial Flavors, No Preservatives, No Wheat, No Gluten, No Soy, No Dairy, Yeast Free.

Seals/Symbols

powergrape(R)

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Amplified Glutamine Microfusion by GNC Pro Performance AMP label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Amplified Glutamine Microfusion label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Amplified Glutamine Microfusion by GNC Pro Performance AMP

These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size6 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Polyethylene Glycol

500 mg per serving

L-Glutamine, Micronized

Interacts with
50 drugs
5 g per serving

Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the body and is usually made in your muscles. A prescription form is FDA-approved to help reduce sickle c...

L-Glutamine, Micronized monograph & interactions

Dual GE Amplifier(TM) Whole Fruit Extract

Interacts with
910 drugs
400 mg per serving

Grapes and grape products like grape seed extract contain antioxidant compounds such as resveratrol and proanthocyanidins that may support heart and b...

Dual GE Amplifier(TM) Whole Fruit Extract monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Cellulose, Enteric Coating, Mica, Artificial Colors, Natural Mint flavor, Sucralose. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Amplified Glutamine Microfusion by GNC Pro Performance AMP Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Amplified Glutamine Microfusion?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
947Drugs
910 Moderate 37 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Dual GE Amplifier(TM) Whole Fruit Extract 910
L-Glutamine, Micronized 50

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Amplified Glutamine Microfusion interact with 947 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 3 ingredients in Amplified Glutamine Microfusion interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Dual GE Amplifier(TM) Whole Fruit Extract L-Glutamine, Micronized

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Amplified Glutamine Microfusion with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Dual GE Amplifier(TM) Whole Fruit Extract9 drug types · 910 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, grape extracts may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro evidence suggests that grape extracts might decrease platelet aggregation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)

Ingesting grape juice with cyclosporine can reduce cyclosporine absorption.
A small pharmacokinetic study in healthy young adults shows that intake of purple grape juice 200 mL along with cyclosporine can decrease the absorption of cyclosporine by up to 30% when compared with water. Separate doses of grape juice and cyclosporine by at least 2 hours to avoid this interaction.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, grape juice might reduce the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
A small pharmacokinetic study in healthy adults shows that ingestion of 200 mL of grape juice decreases phenacetin plasma levels. This is thought to be due to induction of CYP1A2.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Theoretically, grape seed extract may increase the levels of CYP2D6 substrates.
In vitro evidence suggests that grape seed extract might inhibit CYP2D6 enzymes. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (Cyp2E1) Substrates

Theoretically, grape seed extract might increase the levels of CYP2E1 substrates.
In vitro and animal research suggests that grape seed proanthocyanidin extract inhibits CYP2E1 enzymes. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

It is unclear if grape seed extract inhibits or induces CYP3A4; research is conflicting.
In vitro evidence suggests that grape seed extract might inhibit CYP3A4 enzymes. However, evidence from animal research shows that grape seed extract may induce CYP3A4 in the liver. So far, these interactions have not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Midazolam (Versed)

Theoretically, long-term intake of grape seed extract might decrease the effects of midazolam.
Animal research shows that subchronic ingestions of grape seed extract can increase the elimination of intravenous midazolam by increasing hepatic CYP3A4 activity. Single doses of grape seed extract do not appear to affect midazolam elimination.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Phenacetin

Grape juice might decrease phenacetin absorption.
A small pharmacokinetic study in healthy adults shows that ingestion of 200 mL of grape juice decreases phenacetin plasma levels. This is thought to be due to induction of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2).

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
In vitro evidence shows that grape seed extract or grape juice might inhibit CYP2C9 enzymes. However, a small pharmacokinetic study in healthy adults shows that drinking 8 ounces of grape juice once does not affect the clearance of flurbiprofen, a probe-drug for CYP2C9 metabolism. The effects of continued grape juice consumption are unclear.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Dual GE Amplifier(TM) Whole Fruit Extract full monograph & interactions

L-Glutamine, Micronized1 drug type · 50 drugs

Anticonvulsants

Theoretically, glutamine might antagonize the effects of anticonvulsant medications.
Glutamine is metabolized to the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. Glutamate might have antagonistic effects with anticonvulsant drugs. However, this interaction has not yet been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
L-Glutamine, Micronized full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Amplified Glutamine Microfusion, from the product label.

GNC Pro Performance AMP

See all GNC Pro Performance AMP products
Phone Number
1-888-462-2548
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Amplified Glutamine Microfusion by GNC Pro Performance AMP: Common Questions

Does Amplified Glutamine Microfusion by GNC Pro Performance AMP interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Amplified Glutamine Microfusion has a known interaction with 947 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Amplified Glutamine Microfusion contains 3 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
What is L-Glutamine and what does it do?
L-Glutamine is an amino acid your body uses naturally for muscle repair, immune function, and gut health. This product's micronized form is designed for better absorption. It's rated effective for sickle cell disease and possibly helpful for muscle recovery after surgery and for wasting related to HIV/AIDS.
Does this supplement have a lot of side effects?
L-Glutamine is generally well tolerated, but gastrointestinal upset — bloating, flatulence, nausea, diarrhea, and constipation — is the most common issue, especially at higher doses. Headache and muscle pain have also been reported. Grape extract side effects are similar and usually mild.
Can I take this while pregnant or breastfeeding?
Both ingredients are rated Likely Safe in pregnancy and lactation. However, the grape extract is a concentrated supplement rather than whole fruit; if you're pregnant, ask your doctor or pharmacist to be sure it's right for you.
I take a blood thinner — is this product safe for me?
No — the grape extract in this product may increase bleeding risk if combined with blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking it.
Does grape extract actually work for what it's supposed to do?
Grape extract is rated Possibly Effective for chronic venous insufficiency (poor leg circulation) but Possibly Ineffective for hay fever, nausea from chemotherapy, and weight loss. The evidence is mixed and limited for most uses.
Do I need to avoid this if I have kidney or liver disease?
Yes — if you have kidney or liver disease, use L-Glutamine only under direct medical supervision. Talk to your doctor before starting this product.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Amplified Glutamine Microfusion label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Amplified Glutamine Microfusion’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Glutamine

Interacts with 50 drugs

Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the body and is usually made in your muscles. A prescription form is FDA-approved to help reduce sickle cell disease complications, but for most...

Read the full Glutamine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Grape

Interacts with 910 drugs

Grapes and grape products like grape seed extract contain antioxidant compounds such as resveratrol and proanthocyanidins that may support heart and blood vessel health. While the food is he...

Read the full Grape monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Amplified Glutamine Microfusion's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 45 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Glutamine 11 references
  1. Miller AL. Therapeutic considerations of L-glutamine: a review of the literature. Altern Med Rev 1999;4:239-48..
  2. Bozzetti F, Biganzoli L, Gavazzi C, et al. Glutamine supplementation in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a double-blind randomized study. Nutrition 1997;13:748-51.. PubMed
  3. Mebane AH. L-Glutamine and mania. Am J Psychiatry 984;141:1302-3.
  4. Meldrum BS. Glutamate as a neurotransmitter in the brain: review of physiology and pathology. J Nutr 2000;130:1007S-15S.. PubMed
  5. Garlick PJ. Assessment of the safety of glutamine and other amino acids. J Nutr 2001;131:2556S-61S.. PubMed
  6. Chapman AG. Glutamate and epilepsy. J Nutr 2000;130:1043S-5S.. PubMed
  7. Ziegler TR. Glutamine supplementation in cancer patients receiving bone marrow transplantation and high dose chemotherapy. J Nutr 2001;131:2578S-84S.. PubMed
  8. Laviano A, Molfino A, Lacaria MT, Canelli A, De Leo S, Preziosa I, Rossi Fanelli F. Glutamine supplementation favors weight loss in nondieting obese female patients. A pilot study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Nov;68(11):1264-6. PubMed
  9. Endari (l-glutamine) [package insert]. Torrance, CA: Emmaus Medical,Inc; 2017.
  10. Niihara Y, Miller ST, Kanter J, et al. A Phase 3 Trial of l-Glutamine in Sickle Cell Disease. N Engl J Med 2018;379(3):226-35. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1715971.
  11. Ogden HB, Child RB, Fallowfield JL, et al. Gastrointestinal Tolerance of Low, Medium and High Dose Acute Oral l-Glutamine Supplementation in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Study. Nutrients. 2020;12(10):2953. PubMed

See these in context on the Glutamine monograph →

Grape 34 references
  1. Kiesewetter H, Koscielny J, Kalus U, et al. Efficacy of orally administered extract of red vine leaf AS 195 (folia vitis viniferae) in chronic venous insufficiency (stages I-II). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arzneimittelforschung
  2. Xiao Dong S, Zhi Ping Z, Zhong Xiao W, et al. Possible enhancement of the first-pass metabolism of phenacetin by ingestion of grape juice in Chinese subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1999;48:638-40. PubMed
  3. Vaswani SK, Hamilton RG, Carey RN, et al. Anaphylaxis recurrent urticaria and angioedema from grape hypersensitivity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998;101:S31.
  4. Chevallier A. The Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants. London, UK: Dorling Kindersley, Ltd., 1996.
  5. Bernstein DI, Bernstein CK, Deng C, et al. Evaluation of the clinical efficacy and safety of grapeseed extract in the treatment of fall seasonal allergic rhinitis: a pilot study. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2002;88:272-8.. PubMed
  6. Greenblatt DJ, von Moltke LL, Perloff ES, et al. Interaction of flurbiprofen with cranberry juice, grape juice, tea, and fluconazole: in vitro and clinical studies. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2006;79:125-33. PubMed
  7. Ward NC, Hodgson JM, Croft KD, et al. The combination of vitamin C and grape-seed polyphenols increases blood pressure: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Hypertens 2005;23:427-34.. PubMed
  8. Ray, S. D., Parikh, H., Hickey, E., Bagchi, M., and Bagchi, D. Differential effects of IH636 grape seed proanthocyanidin extract and a DNA repair modulator 4-aminobenzamide on liver microsomal cytochrome 4502E1-dependent aniline hydroxylation. Mol Cell B PubMed
  9. O'Byrne, D. J., Devaraj, S., Grundy, S. M., and Jialal, I. Comparison of the antioxidant effects of Concord grape juice flavonoids alpha-tocopherol on markers of oxidative stress in healthy adults. Am J Clin.Nutr. 2002;76(6):1367-1374.
  10. Schaefer, E., Peil, H., Ambrosetti, L., and Petrini, O. Oedema protective properties of the red vine leaf extract AS 195 (Folia vitis viniferae) in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. A 6-week observational clinical trial. Arzneimittelforschun PubMed
  11. Nishikawa, M., Ariyoshi, N., Kotani, A., Ishii, I., Nakamura, H., Nakasa, H., Ida, M., Nakamura, H., Kimura, N., Kimura, M., Hasegawa, A., Kusu, F., Ohmori, S., Nakazawa, K., and Kitada, M. Effects of continuous ingestion of green tea or grape seed extra
  12. de Lange, D. W., Scholman, W. L., Kraaijenhagen, R. J., Akkerman, J. W., and van de Wiel, A. Alcohol and polyphenolic grape extract inhibit platelet adhesion in flowing blood. Eur.J Clin.Invest 2004;34(12):818-824. PubMed
  13. Samet, J. M. and Coultas, D. B. Reduced forced vital capacity in California grape workers. What does it mean? Am Rev.Respir.Dis 1992;145(2 Pt 1):255-256. PubMed
  14. Gamsky, T. E., McCurdy, S. A., Samuels, S. J., and Schenker, M. B. Reduced FVC among California grape workers. Am Rev.Respir.Dis 1992;145(2 Pt 1):257-262. PubMed
  15. de Lange, D. W., Verhoef, S., Gorter, G., Kraaijenhagen, R. J., van de Wiel, A., and Akkerman, J. W. Polyphenolic grape extract inhibits platelet activation through PECAM-1: an explanation for the French paradox. Alcohol Clin.Exp.Res 2007;31(8):1308-1314 PubMed
  16. Etheridge, A. S., Black, S. R., Patel, P. R., So, J., and Mathews, J. M. An in vitro evaluation of cytochrome P450 inhibition and P-glycoprotein interaction with goldenseal, Ginkgo biloba, grape seed, milk thistle, and ginseng extracts and their constitu
  17. Krikorian, R., Nash, T. A., Shidler, M. D., Shukitt-Hale, B., and Joseph, J. A. Concord grape juice supplementation improves memory function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Br J Nutr. 2010;103(5):730-734. PubMed
  18. Ingersoll, G. L., Wasilewski, A., Haller, M., Pandya, K., Bennett, J., He, H., Hoffmire, C., and Berry, C. Effect of concord grape juice on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: results of a pilot study. Oncol.Nurs.Forum 2010;37(2):213-221. PubMed
  19. Oliveira-Freitas, V. L., Dalla, Costa T., Manfro, R. C., Cruz, L. B., and Schwartsmann, G. Influence of purple grape juice in cyclosporine bioavailability. J Ren Nutr. 2010;20(5):309-313. PubMed
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See these in context on the Grape monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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