Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 6 of 9 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Genestra Brands

Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored label
See full label image
Tablet Or Pill Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 23, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored is a dietary supplement by Genestra Brands with 9 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for body and breath odor control, wound and skin care, internal deodorant for ostomy or incontinence.Based on those ingredients, 517 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Sodium Copper Chlorophyllin, Bromelain, Papaya. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored by Genestra Brands

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored by Genestra Brands — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored by Genestra Brands

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 12, 2026

What’s inside

Partial disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Partial

Most active ingredients list an amount, but at least one is hidden in a blend or missing.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 6 of its 9 active ingredients.
  • “Pancrelipase” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (2 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

This product has 9 active ingredients—a blend of digestive enzymes designed to break down food. Sodium copper chlorophyllin (a processed form of chlorophyll) is included alongside papain and papaya fruit, both from papaya.

The core enzyme team consists of pepsin, bromelain (from pineapple), and pancrelipase (a mix of lipase, protease, and amylase) to handle fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. Alpha-amylase and additional protease and amylase activity round out the formula.

The tablet also contains inactive ingredients—dextrose, fructose, stearic acid, cellulose, magnesium stearate, silica, and natural peppermint oil—for taste and tablet structure.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Digestive enzyme support with natural peppermint flavor.
  • We looked for evidence on: Dyspepsia, Flatulence, Exercise-induced muscle soreness, Postoperative swelling, Sprains, Wound healing — and 4 related terms.
  • The closest evidence on file: Papain is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Exercise-induced muscle soreness (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Papain is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Wound healing.
  • Also on file: Lipase is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Dyspepsia.

The evidence on these enzymes is sparse. Most ingredient claims—including what papain, papaya, bromelain, pepsin, and lipase do for digestion or other conditions—have insufficient reliable evidence to rate their effectiveness in our data.

Chlorophyllin's supposed benefits for urinary odor appear possibly ineffective; other uses for chlorophyllin, including acne and cancer claims, lack the evidence to judge. You're essentially taking this on the theory that digestive enzymes help with food breakdown, but we don't hold strong clinical proof for this product's specific blend.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Chlorophyllin Papain Papaya Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) Bromelain Lipase

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 6 of the 6 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 6 of 6.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 6 of 6.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

These enzymes are generally well tolerated short-term at normal doses, but long-term safety data is limited. The biggest concern is papain and papaya—concentrated forms may irritate your digestive tract or trigger allergic reactions (itchy eyes, runny nose, sneezing, stomach cramps, diarrhea) in sensitive people.

High doses of papain are unsafe and have caused severe stomach inflammation and even esophageal perforation in rare cases. Bromelain can cause diarrhea, bloating, stomach upset, or headache; topically it may itch or cause hives.

Chlorophyllin may cause photosensitization—increased sun sensitivity that can lead to blistering or rash—and has rarely been linked to pseudoporphyria (a blistering condition mimicking porphyria). If you're pregnant, avoid papain and unripe papaya; papaya fruit itself is likely safe, but concentrated supplements aren't well studied.

Breastfeeding safety is unknown for most ingredients here, so check with your pharmacist or doctor first.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Chlorophyllin Papain Papaya Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) Bromelain Lipase

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 6 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Papain, Papaya, Chlorophyllin, Bromelain.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 517 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, double-check if you're on blood thinners like warfarin, antiplatelet drugs, diabetes medications, amiodarone for heart rhythm, levothyroxine for thyroid, tetracycline antibiotics, or any photosensitizing drugs. The facts show Moderate interactions with blood thinners and diabetes/heart/thyroid drugs, and Minor interactions with tetracycline antibiotics.

If you're on any of these, don't start without talking to your pharmacist.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glancePartially disclosed formula with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This is a multi-enzyme digestive aid with no strong clinical proof behind it. If you take blood thinners, diabetes drugs, heart medications, or thyroid replacement, you need to check with your pharmacist before starting.

People allergic to papain, papaya, or pineapple should skip it. Anyone taking photosensitizing drugs or who burns easily in the sun should ask their pharmacist about the chlorophyllin content.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 7 of 9 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jun 22, 2023.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored, straight from the product label.

Brand Genestra Brands
Barcode (UPC) 883196112814
Net contents 100 Chewable Tablet(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jun 22, 2023
DSLD ID 288314
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Tablet Or Pill
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Women (not pregnant or lactating)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored by Genestra Brands, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Tablet(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Tablet(s)
Servings per container
100
UPC/BARCODE
883196112814
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories5 Calorie(s)--
Total Carbohydrates2 Gram(s)1%
Added Sugars2 Gram(s)4%
Total Sugars2 Gram(s)--
Sodium Copper Chlorophyllin0.15 mg--
Papain10 mg--
Papaya50 mg--
Alpha-Amylase2 mg--
Pepsin2 mg--
Bromelain10 mg--
Pancrelipase2 mg--
Protease Activity0 NP--
Amylase Activity0 NP--
Lipase Activity0 NP--

Other ingredients: Dextrose, Fructose, Stearic Acid, Cellulose, Magnesium Stearate, Silica, natural Peppermint Oil

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Recommended Dose: Chew 1 tablet with each meal, or as recommended by your health professional.

Precautions

Warning: Not to be taken by pregnant or lactating women. If you have any health condition or are taking any medication, consult your health professional before use.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Use only if safety seal is intact.

Contains: Milk, sulfites

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

General Statements

Contents may not fill package in order to accommodate required labeling. Please rely on stated quantity. Scan to learn about our quality excellence

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Formula

Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored chewable tablets

Formulation

Supports digestion and absorption of nutrients

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored by Genestra Brands label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored by Genestra Brands

These are the 9 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Servings per container100 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Sodium Copper Chlorophyllin

Interacts with
335 drugs
0.15 mg per serving

Chlorophyllin is a water-soluble, semi-synthetic form of chlorophyll most often used to help control body and fecal odor and to support wound healing....

Sodium Copper Chlorophyllin monograph & interactions

Papain

Interacts with
2 drugs
10 mg per serving Form: Papaya

Papain is a protein-digesting enzyme from the papaya plant that is used in digestive supplements and some topical products. While it has clear food an...

Papain monograph & interactions

Papaya

Interacts with
92 drugs
50 mg per serving

Papaya is a tropical fruit that is nutritious and generally safe to eat as food, and it contains an enzyme called papain used as a digestive aid and m...

Papaya monograph & interactions

Alpha-Amylase

2 mg per serving Form: Aspergillus oryzae

Pepsin

No known
interactions
2 mg per serving Form: Porcine Stomach

Proteolytic enzymes are proteins that help break down other proteins, and common examples include bromelain (from pineapple), papain (from papaya), tr...

Pepsin monograph & interactions

Bromelain

Interacts with
141 drugs
10 mg per serving Form: Ananas bracteatus, Ananas comosus

Bromelain is a group of protein-digesting enzymes from pineapple that people take mainly for inflammation, swelling, and sinus problems. Some early st...

Bromelain monograph & interactions

Pancrelipase

2 mg per serving Form: Porcine Pancreas

Other (inactive) ingredients: Dextrose, Fructose, Stearic Acid, Cellulose, Magnesium Stearate, Silica, Natural Peppermint Oil. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored by Genestra Brands Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
517Drugs
512 Moderate 5 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Sodium Copper Chlorophyllin 335
Bromelain 141
Papaya 92
Papain 2

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored interact with 517 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 9 ingredients in Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Sodium Copper Chlorophyllin Bromelain Papaya Papain

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Sodium Copper Chlorophyllin1 drug type · 335 drugs

Photosensitizing Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of chlorophyllin with photosensitizing drugs may have additive effects.
Chlorophyllin is a semi-synthetic derivative of chlorophyll. Chlorophyll has been reported to cause photosensitization. Orally, chlorophyll has also been associated with the development of pseudoporphyria in multiple case reports.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Sodium Copper Chlorophyllin full monograph & interactions

Bromelain2 drug types · 141 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
There is one case report of a patient experiencing minor bruising while taking bromelain with naproxen. Bromelain is thought to have antiplatelet activity. Whether this interaction is of concern with topical bromelain is unclear. Interference with coagulation of burn wounds has been reported in a patient receiving bromelain-based enzymatic debridement. However, observational research has found that topical bromelain debridement is not associated with increases or decreases in laboratory markers of coagulation when compared with surgical debridement.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tetracycline Antibiotics

Theoretically, bromelain might increase levels of tetracycline antibiotics.
Laboratory research suggests that bromelain might increase the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics. However, a study in healthy adults reported no difference in tetracycline plasma levels when a 500 mg dose was taken with or without bromelain 80 mg.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Bromelain full monograph & interactions

Papaya4 drug types · 92 drugs

Amiodarone (Cordarone)

Theoretically, papaya extract may increase the levels and clinical effects of amiodarone.
Animal research in rats shows that a single oral dose of papaya extract, as well as multiple doses of papaya extract daily over 14 days, prior to a single dose of amiodarone delays the time to maximum amiodarone concentration. However, only the 14-day papaya extract regimen increases systemic amiodarone exposure by 60% to 70%. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Concomitant use of antidiabetic drugs with fermented papaya can produce additive effects. It is unclear if other forms of papaya have the same effect.
A small low-quality clinical study in patients with type 2 diabetes who are taking glibenclamide shows that taking a fermented papaya preparation 3 grams daily for 2 months decreases fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels when compared to baseline. Additionally, of the 25 patients in the study, 9 required a reduction in glibenclamide dose.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Levothyroxine (Synthroid, Others)

Theoretically, consuming large quantities of papaya fruit can reduce the clinical effects of levothyroxine.
In one case-report, a 37-year-old male with a history of thyroidectomy who was stabilized on levothyroxine for 5 years presented with hypothyroidism after consuming 5-6 papaya fruits daily for 14 days during vacation. In a controlled re-challenge test involving 5-6 papayas daily, the patient remained euthyroid for 7 days, but developed mild hypothyroidism after 14 days. Both times, thyroid levels normalized 40-45 days after discontinuing papaya.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, concomitant use of warfarin with papain-containing papaya extract might increase the effects and side effects of warfarin.
In one case report, a patient previously stable on warfarin was found to have an international normalization ratio (INR) of 7.4, which was attributed to ingestion of a supplement containing papain from papaya extract.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Papaya full monograph & interactions

Papain1 drug type · 2 drugs

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, papain might increase the effects and side effects of warfarin.
In one case report, a patient previously stable on warfarin was found to have an international normalization ratio (INR) of 7.4, which was attributed to ingestion of a supplement containing papain from papaya extract.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Papain full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored, from the product label.

Genestra Brands

Name
Seroyal USA
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
ZipCode
15275
Phone Number
1-888-737-6925
Web Address
seroyal.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored by Genestra Brands: Common Questions

Does Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored by Genestra Brands interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored has a known interaction with 517 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored contains 9 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is this safe if I take warfarin?
Not without checking with your pharmacist first. Papain and papaya in this product may increase warfarin's effects and your bleeding risk—one patient had a dangerous spike in their blood thinner level after taking papain. Talk to your pharmacist or doctor before starting.
Will this help my digestion?
The evidence is insufficient—we don't have reliable data that these enzymes improve digestion in a supplement form. They're generally well tolerated, but the proof they work isn't established in our data.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant?
Concentrated papain should be avoided in pregnancy due to safety concerns. The fruit itself is likely safe, but since this product is a concentrated supplement blend, it's best to talk with your doctor or pharmacist first.
What are the most common side effects?
Digestive upset—diarrhea, bloating, gas, nausea—is the most common complaint. Allergic reactions (itchy eyes, sneezing, stomach cramps, diarrhea) can happen in people sensitive to papain or papaya. High doses may cause more serious stomach irritation.
I'm allergic to pineapple. Should I avoid this?
Yes. This product contains bromelain, which is an enzyme from pineapple. If you're allergic to pineapple, you may react to bromelain—and that can include allergic reactions, swelling, or difficulty breathing in sensitive people.
Does this make me more sensitive to the sun?
The chlorophyllin in this product may increase sun sensitivity, especially if you're also on photosensitizing medications. If you burn easily or are on drugs that make you sun-sensitive, ask your pharmacist about the risk.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Chlorophyllin

Interacts with 335 drugs

Chlorophyllin is a water-soluble, semi-synthetic form of chlorophyll most often used to help control body and fecal odor and to support wound healing. The best evidence is for its use as a d...

Read the full Chlorophyllin monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Papain

Interacts with 2 drugs

Papain is a protein-digesting enzyme from the papaya plant that is used in digestive supplements and some topical products. While it has clear food and laboratory uses, strong human evidence...

Read the full Papain monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Papaya

Interacts with 92 drugs

Papaya is a tropical fruit that is nutritious and generally safe to eat as food, and it contains an enzyme called papain used as a digestive aid and meat tenderizer. Papaya leaf extract is b...

Read the full Papaya monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases)

Proteolytic enzymes are proteins that help break down other proteins, and common examples include bromelain (from pineapple), papain (from papaya), trypsin, chymotrypsin, and pancreatin. Peo...

Read the full Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Bromelain

Interacts with 141 drugs

Bromelain is a group of protein-digesting enzymes from pineapple that people take mainly for inflammation, swelling, and sinus problems. Some early studies are promising, but the overall evi...

Read the full Bromelain monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Lipase

Lipase is a digestive enzyme that helps your body break down dietary fats. It is well established as part of prescription pancreatic enzyme therapy for people who cannot make enough of their...

Read the full Lipase monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Bio Enzymes Great-Tasting Natural Peppermint Flavored's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 54 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Chlorophyllin 6 references
  1. Nahata MC, Slencsak CA, Kamp J. Effect of chlorophyllin on urinary odor in incontinent geriatric patients. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 1983;17:732-4. PubMed
  2. Mathews-Roth MM. Carotenoids in erythropoietic protoporphyria and other photosensitivity diseases. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1993; 691:127-38. PubMed
  3. Belen'kii, G. B. and Krikun, B. L. [Treatment of herpes simplex and herpes zoster by chlorophyll preparations]. Sov.Med. 1971;34(1):151-152.
  4. Rossi E, Borchard K, Cole JM. Pseudoporphyria following self-medication with chlorophyll. Australas J Dermatol. 2015 Feb;56(1):47-8. PubMed
  5. Zhao CY, Frew JW, Muhaidat J, et al. Chlorophyll-induced pseudoporphyria with ongoing photosensitivity after cessation - a case series of four patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016;30(7):1239-42. PubMed
  6. Tomankova K, Kejlova K, Binder S, et al. In vitro cytotoxicity and phototoxicity study of cosmetics colorants. Toxicol In Vitro. 2011 Sep;25(6):1242-50. PubMed

See these in context on the Chlorophyllin monograph →

Papain 11 references
  1. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  2. Shaw D, Leon C, Kolev S, Murray V. Traditional remedies and food supplements: a 5-year toxicological study (1991-1995). Drug Saf 1997;17:342-56.
  3. Shuttleworth D, Hill S, Marks R, Connelly DM. Relief of experimentally induced pruritus with a novel eutectic mixture of local anaesthetic agents. Br J Dermatol 1988;119:535-40.
  4. Mansfield LE, Ting S, Haverly RW, Yoo TJ. The incidence and clinical implications of hypersensitivity to papain in an allergic population, confirmed by blinded oral challenge. Ann Allergy 1985;55:541-3.
  5. Martin, T., Uhder, K., Kurek, R., Roeddiger, S., Schneider, L., Vogt, H. G., Heyd, R., and Zamboglou, N. Does prophylactic treatment with proteolytic enzymes reduce acute toxicity of adjuvant pelvic irradiation? Results of a double-blind randomized trial PubMed
  6. Walker-Renard, P. Update on the medicinal management of phytobezoars. Am J Gastroenterol. 1993;88(10):1663-1666.
  7. Tymoszuk D, Wiszniewska M, Walusiak-Skorupa J. Papain-induced occupational rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma - A case report. Med Pr 2016;67(1):109-12. PubMed
  8. Soto-Mera MT, López-Rico MR, Filgueira JF, et al. Occupational allergy to papain. Allergy 2000;55(10):983-4. PubMed
  9. Tarlo SM, Shaikh W, Bell B, et al. Papain-induced allergic reactions. Clin Allergy 1978;8(3):207-15. PubMed
  10. Baur X, König G, Bencze K, Fruhmann G. Clinical symptoms and results of skin test, RAST and bronchial provocation test in thirty-three papain workers: Evidence for strong immunogenic potency and clinically relevant proteolytic e?ects of airborne papain. C
  11. Novey HS, Keenan WJ, Fairshter RD, Wells ID, Wilson AF, Culver BD. Pulmonary disease in workers exposed to papain: clinico-physiological and immunological studies. Clin Allergy 1980;10(6):721-31. PubMed

See these in context on the Papain monograph →

Papaya 14 references
  1. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  2. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
  3. Shaw D, Leon C, Kolev S, Murray V. Traditional remedies and food supplements: a 5-year toxicological study (1991-1995). Drug Saf 1997;17:342-56.
  4. Mansfield LE, Ting S, Haverly RW, Yoo TJ. The incidence and clinical implications of hypersensitivity to papain in an allergic population, confirmed by blinded oral challenge. Ann Allergy 1985;55:541-3.
  5. Blanco C, Diaz-Perales A, Collada C, et al. Class I chitinases as potential panallergens involved in the latex-fruit syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999;103(3 Pt 1):507-13. PubMed
  6. Diaz-Perales A, Collada C, Blanco C, et al. Cross-reactions in the latex-fruit syndrome: A relevant role of chitinases but not of complex asparagine-linked glycans. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999;104:681-7. PubMed
  7. Castillo, R., Delgado, J., Quiralte, J., Blanco, C., and Carrillo, T. Food hypersensitivity among adult patients: epidemiological and clinical aspects. Allergol.Immunopathol.(Madr.) 1996;24(3):93-97.
  8. Oderinde, O., Noronha, C., Oremosu, A., Kusemiju, T., and Okanlawon, O. A. Abortifacient properties of aqueous extract of Carica papaya (Linn) seeds on female Sprague-Dawley rats. Niger.Postgrad.Med J 2002;9(2):95-98. DOI
  9. Danese, C., Esposito, D., D'Alfonso, V., Cirene, M., Ambrosino, M., and Colotto, M. Plasma glucose level decreases as collateral effect of fermented papaya preparation use. Clin Ter. 2006;157(3):195-198.
  10. Iliev, D. and Elsner, P. Generalized drug reaction due to papaya juice in throat lozenges. Dermatology 1997;194(4):364-366. PubMed
  11. Andersen HA, Bernatz PE, Grindlay JH. Perforation of the esophagus after use of a digestant agent: report of case and experimental study. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1959;68:890-6. PubMed
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See these in context on the Papaya monograph →

Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) 3 references
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See these in context on the Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) monograph →

Bromelain 19 references
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  2. Taussig SJ, Batkin S. Bromelain, the enzyme complex of pineapple (Ananas comosus) and its clinical application. An update. J Ethnopharmacol 1988;22:191-203.. PubMed
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  14. Kasemsuk T, Saengpetch N, Sibmooh N, Unchern S. Improved WOMAC score following 16-week treatment with bromelain for knee osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2016 Oct;35(10):2531-40. PubMed
  15. Kutlu Ö, DemirbaS A, Elmas ÖF, Güvenç U, Metin A. Fixed drug eruption: a new side effect of bromelain. Contact Dermatitis 2020. Online ahead of print. PubMed
  16. Shoham Y, Shapira E, Haik J, et al. Bromelain-based enzymatic debridement of chronic wounds: Results of a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Wound Repair Regen 2021;29(6):899-907. PubMed
  17. Pfister P, Garcia Wendel PD, Kim BS, et al. Coagulation side effects of enzymatic debridement in burned patients. Burns 2022. PubMed
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See these in context on the Bromelain monograph →

Lipase 1 reference
  1. Casper C, Hascoet JM, Ertl T, et al. Recombinant bile salt-stimulated lipase in preterm infant feeding: A randomized phase 3 study. PLoS One. 2016;11(5):e0156071. PubMed

See these in context on the Lipase monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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