Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Black Walnut Combination #1 Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Genestra Brands

Black Walnut Combination #1 label
See full label image
Liquid Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 9, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Black Walnut Combination #1 against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Black Walnut Combination #1 is a dietary supplement by Genestra Brands with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for loss of appetite, digestive upset, head lice (topical).Based on those ingredients, 1,090 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) bud extract, Quassia (Quassia amara) wood extract, Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) flower and aerial parts extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Black Walnut Combination #1 by Genestra Brands

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Black Walnut Combination #1 by Genestra Brands — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Black Walnut Combination #1 by Genestra Brands

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 12, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 5 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

Black Walnut Combination #1 contains 5 active ingredients: quassia wood extract, wormwood flower and aerial parts extract, black walnut leaf extract, yarrow whole herb extract, and clove bud extract. The product is formulated as a liquid with purified water and ethanol (alcohol) as inactive ingredients.

Each ingredient brings its own traditional uses — quassia and wormwood have been used for digestive concerns, black walnut for wound healing, yarrow for various skin and menstrual issues, and clove for pain and cough. However, the evidence supporting these uses is limited or insufficient in the data we hold.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed

This product doesn't appear to be marketed for a specific use, so we graded its ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.

Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports its ingredients for:

Why this rating?
  • We looked at the product name, claims, and label statements and couldn't find a stated purpose to grade.
  • Since the label doesn't commit to one use, we graded the ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.
  • On file: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) — rated "Possibly Effective" (Clove) (Natural Medicines).

The evidence supporting Black Walnut Combination #1 for its traditional purposes is not established in our data. All effectiveness ratings for the individual ingredients — whether for skin conditions, wound healing, digestive issues, or other uses — are marked as insufficient reliable evidence.

Clove shows one "possibly effective" rating for ventilator-associated pneumonia (a serious hospital infection), but that's a specialized clinical setting far from typical home use. If you're considering this product for a specific health concern, talk with your pharmacist or doctor about whether the evidence supports its use.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Quassia Wormwood Black Walnut Yarrow Clove

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Several safety cautions apply here. Quassia can irritate your digestive tract in medicinal amounts, causing nausea and vomiting, and long-term use may cause vision changes and blindness.

Wormwood contains thujone, a neurotoxin; the safety data advise against it in medicinal doses and link chronic use to serious effects including seizures and brain damage. Black walnut leaf, bark, and hull contain high tannins that may cause stomach upset.

Yarrow is generally well tolerated orally but can cause allergic skin reactions when applied topically. Clove is safe as a food spice but concentrated clove oil is toxic in small amounts, especially in children.

For pregnancy and breastfeeding: quassia and wormwood are rated unsafe; black walnut and yarrow are rated unsafe in pregnancy. Clove is rated likely safe.

Because this is a combination product with two ingredients rated unsafe in pregnancy and breastfeeding, the safety data advise against its use during both periods.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Quassia Wormwood Black Walnut Yarrow Clove

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Yarrow, Clove, Quassia, Wormwood.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; seizure medications; diabetes medications; heart-rhythm medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 1,091 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you start Black Walnut Combination #1, check with your pharmacist if you take antidiabetes drugs (risk of low blood sugar from quassia and clove), diuretics or lithium (quassia and yarrow may affect potassium and lithium levels), digoxin (heart medication — quassia), anticonvulsants (wormwood may interfere), drugs metabolized by liver enzymes CYP2D6, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, or CYP2C9 (clove may increase their levels), H2-blockers or proton pump inhibitors for acid reflux (quassia may reduce effectiveness), or blood thinners (clove may increase bleeding risk). No interactions are documented for black walnut alone.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This is a traditional herbal combination with limited evidence of effectiveness and several safety concerns, especially regarding digestive irritation, neurotoxic compounds in wormwood, and serious interactions with common medications. If you take antidiabetes drugs, heart medications, diuretics, anticonvulsants, lithium, or drugs metabolized by your liver, check your exact medications with the tool below before use.

Talk with your pharmacist before starting, particularly if you're pregnant, breastfeeding, or taking prescription medications.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Apr 23, 2020.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Black Walnut Combination #1, straight from the product label.

Brand Genestra Brands
Barcode (UPC) 883196127016
Net contents 2 fl. Oz.; 60 mL
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Apr 23, 2020
DSLD ID 217983
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Women (not pregnant or lactating)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Black Walnut Combination #1 by Genestra Brands, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1.5 mL
Maximum serving Sizes:
1.5 mL
Servings per container
40
UPC/BARCODE
883196127016
IngredientAmount% DV
Quassia (Quassia amara) wood extract0.375 mL--
Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) flower and aerial parts extract0.225 mL--
Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) leaf extract0.45 mL--
Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) whole herb extract0.3 mL--
Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) bud extract0.15 mL--

Other ingredients: purified Water, Ethanol

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Recommended Dose: Take 30 drops 4 times daily with meals or as recommended by your healthcare professional.

Precautions

Warning: If you are pregnant, lactating or allergic to any of the ingredients or to plants of the Asteraceae family, do not use. If you have any health condition or are taking any medication, consult your health professional before use.

Warning: If you are pregnant, lactating or allergic to any of the ingredients or to plants of the Asteraceae family, do not use.

If hypersensitivity occurs, discontinue use. Use only if safety seal is intact.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

General Statements

Contents may not fill package in order to accommodate required labeling. Please rely on stated quantity.

Scan to learn about our quality excellence

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Formulation

Traditional support to promote healthy digestion.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Black Walnut Combination #1 by Genestra Brands label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Black Walnut Combination #1 label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Black Walnut Combination #1 by Genestra Brands

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1.5 mL Dosage formLiquid Servings per container40 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Quassia (Quassia amara) wood extract

Interacts with
198 drugs
0.375 mL per serving

Quassia is a tropical wood known for its very bitter taste, traditionally used as a digestive bitter and as a folk remedy for parasites and head lice....

Quassia (Quassia amara) wood extract monograph & interactions

Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) flower and aerial parts extract

Interacts with
50 drugs
0.225 mL per serving

Wormwood is a very bitter herb traditionally used to stimulate appetite and ease digestion, and it has early research interest in Crohn's disease. It...

Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) flower and aerial parts extract monograph & interactions

Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) leaf extract

No known
interactions
0.45 mL per serving

Black walnut is a tree whose green hulls are traditionally used as a natural antiparasitic and digestive remedy, but solid human evidence for these us...

Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) leaf extract monograph & interactions

Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) whole herb extract

Interacts with
1 drug
0.3 mL per serving

Yarrow is a traditional herb long used for wounds, digestive complaints, and colds, but high-quality human studies are very limited, so its benefits a...

Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) whole herb extract monograph & interactions

Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) bud extract

Interacts with
977 drugs
0.15 mL per serving

Clove is a common cooking spice that is also used in traditional medicine, especially as a topical numbing agent for tooth pain thanks to its main com...

Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) bud extract monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Purified Water, Ethanol. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Black Walnut Combination #1 by Genestra Brands Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Black Walnut Combination #1?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,090Drugs
1,015 Moderate 75 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) bud extract 977
Quassia (Quassia amara) wood extract 198
Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) flower and aerial parts extract 50
Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) whole herb extract 1

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Black Walnut Combination #1 interact with 1,090 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 5 ingredients in Black Walnut Combination #1 interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) bud extract Quassia (Quassia amara) wood extract Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) flower and aerial parts extract Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) whole herb extract

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Black Walnut Combination #1 with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) bud extract7 drug types · 977 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove extracts with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical and laboratory research suggest that polyphenol extracts from clove flower buds might lower blood glucose levels. Dosing adjustments for insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents may be necessary when taken with clove. Monitor blood glucose levels closely.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP1A2 in a dose-dependent manner,. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, inhibits CYP2C9 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP2D6 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP3A4 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, clove oil may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Laboratory research suggests that eugenol, a constituent of clove, has antiplatelet activity. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Ibuprofen (Advil, Others)

Theoretically, topical application of clove oil with ibuprofen might increase the absorption and side effects of topical ibuprofen.
Laboratory research shows that topical application of clove oil increases the absorption of topical ibuprofen. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) bud extract full monograph & interactions

Quassia (Quassia amara) wood extract6 drug types · 198 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

In animals, quassia extract reduced levels of fasting glucose. Theoretically, quassia might have additive effects when used with antidiabetes drugs. This might increase the risk of hypoglycemia in some patients. Monitor blood glucose levels closely.
Some antidiabetes drugs include glimepiride (Amaryl), glyburide (DiaBeta, Glynase PresTab, Micronase), insulin, metformin (Glucophage), pioglitazone (Actos), rosiglitazone (Avandia), and others.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Theoretically, concomitant use with cardiac medications might increase the risk of therapeutic and adverse effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Diuretic Drugs

Overuse of quassia might compound diuretic-induced potassium loss. There is some concern that people taking quassia along with potassium depleting diuretics might have an increased risk for hypokalemia. Initiation of potassium supplementation or an increase in potassium supplement dose may be necessary for some patients.
Some diuretics that can deplete potassium include chlorothiazide (Diuril), chlorthalidone (Thalitone), furosemide (Lasix), and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, Hydrodiuril, Microzide), and others.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antacids

Theoretically, due to reports that quassia increases stomach acid, quassia might decrease the effectiveness of antacids.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
H2-Blockers

Theoretically, due to reports that quassia increases stomach acid, quassia might decrease the effectiveness of H2-blockers. The H2 blockers include cimetidine (Tagamet), ranitidine (Zantac), nizatidine (Axid), and famotidine (Pepcid).

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Proton Pump Inhibitors (Ppis)

Theoretically, due to reports that quassia increases stomach acid, quassia might decrease the effectiveness of PPIs. PPIs include omeprazole (Prilosec), lansoprazole (Prevacid), rabeprazole (Aciphex), pantoprazole (Protonix), and esomeprazole (Nexium).

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Quassia (Quassia amara) wood extract full monograph & interactions

Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) flower and aerial parts extract1 drug type · 50 drugs

Anticonvulsants

Theoretically, taking wormwood might interfere with the effects of anticonvulsant drugs.
Thujone, a constituent of wormwood, has convulsant effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) flower and aerial parts extract full monograph & interactions

Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) whole herb extract1 drug type · 1 drug

Lithium

Theoretically, taking yarrow with lithium might increase the levels and adverse effects of lithium.
Animal research shows that yarrow has diuretic activity. Theoretically, due to these potential diuretic effects, yarrow might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) whole herb extract full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Black Walnut Combination #1, from the product label.

Genestra Brands

Name
Seroyal USA
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
ZipCode
15275
Phone Number
1-888-737-6925
Web Address
seroyal.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Black Walnut Combination #1 by Genestra Brands: Common Questions

Does Black Walnut Combination #1 by Genestra Brands interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Black Walnut Combination #1 has a known interaction with 1,090 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Black Walnut Combination #1 contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this while pregnant or breastfeeding?
The safety data advise against it. Quassia and wormwood are rated unsafe during pregnancy; quassia, wormwood, black walnut, and yarrow lack enough safety data for breastfeeding. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before use if you're pregnant or nursing.
What does wormwood do in this combination?
Wormwood has been traditionally used for digestive and other concerns, but the evidence we hold shows insufficient reliable evidence for any of its claimed uses. The ingredient contains thujone, a neurotoxic compound, so medicinal doses carry safety risks.
Will this help with my skin condition?
The product includes ingredients like black walnut and yarrow that have traditional uses for skin, but the evidence we hold marks their effectiveness as insufficient reliable evidence. There's no established proof this combination works for skin conditions.
Is clove safe in this product?
Clove is generally well tolerated as a food spice and is rated likely safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding. But concentrated clove oil is toxic in small amounts — as little as 5-10 mL can harm children. The safety of medicinal clove doses long-term isn't well studied.
What side effects might I notice?
Quassia and wormwood may cause nausea, vomiting, and digestive irritation. Black walnut and yarrow can upset the stomach due to tannins. Yarrow applied to skin can trigger allergic dermatitis in sensitive people. Long-term wormwood use carries rare risks of seizures and serious neurological effects.
Why does this product contain alcohol?
Ethanol is listed as an inactive ingredient — likely used as a preservative or to extract the active compounds from the herbs. If you need to avoid alcohol, check with your pharmacist about the concentration.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Black Walnut Combination #1 is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Black Walnut Combination #1 label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Black Walnut Combination #1’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Quassia

Interacts with 198 drugs

Quassia is a tropical wood known for its very bitter taste, traditionally used as a digestive bitter and as a folk remedy for parasites and head lice. Human evidence for these uses is limite...

Read the full Quassia monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Wormwood

Interacts with 50 drugs

Wormwood is a very bitter herb traditionally used to stimulate appetite and ease digestion, and it has early research interest in Crohn's disease. It contains thujone, which can be toxic in...

Read the full Wormwood monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Black Walnut

Black walnut is a tree whose green hulls are traditionally used as a natural antiparasitic and digestive remedy, but solid human evidence for these uses is lacking. It contains a compound ca...

Read the full Black Walnut monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Yarrow

Interacts with 1 drug

Yarrow is a traditional herb long used for wounds, digestive complaints, and colds, but high-quality human studies are very limited, so its benefits are not well proven. It is generally used...

Read the full Yarrow monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Clove

Interacts with 977 drugs

Clove is a common cooking spice that is also used in traditional medicine, especially as a topical numbing agent for tooth pain thanks to its main compound, eugenol. Food amounts are general...

Read the full Clove monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Black Walnut Combination #1's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 55 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Quassia 8 references
  1. Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
  2. Robbers JE, Speedie MK, Tyler VE. Pharmacognosy and Pharmacobiotechnology. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1996.
  3. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
  4. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  5. Jensen O, Nielsen AO, Bjerregaard P. Pediculosis capitis treated with quassia tincture. Acta Derm Venereol 1978;58:557-9. DOI
  6. Diehl C, Ferrari A. Efficacy of topical 4% Quassia amara gel in facial seborrheic dermatitis:a randomized, double-blind, comparative study. J Drugs Dermatol. 2013;12(3):312-5.
  7. Ferrari A, Diehl C. Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerance of a topical gel with 4% quassia extract in the treatment of rosacea. J Clin Pharmacol. 2012;52(1):84-8. PubMed
  8. Husain GM, Singh PN, Singh RK, Kumar V. Antidiabetic activity of standardized extract of Quassia amara in nicotinamide-streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Phytother Res. 2011;25(12):1806-12.

See these in context on the Quassia monograph →

Wormwood 10 references
  1. Weisbord SD, Soule JB, Kimmel PL. Poison on line-acute renal failure caused by oil of wormwood purchased through the internet. N Engl J Med 1997;337:825-7. PubMed
  2. Gambelunghe C, Melai P. Absinthe: enjoying a new popularity among young people? Forensic Sci Int 2002;130:183-6.
  3. Hold KM, Sirisoma NS, Casida JE. Detoxification of alpha- and beta-Thujones (the active ingredients of absinthe): site specificity and species differences in cytochrome P450 oxidation in vitro and in vivo. Chem Res Toxicol 2001;14:589-95.
  4. Lachenmeier DW, Walch SG, Padosch SA, Kroner LU. Absinthe--a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2006;46:365-77.
  5. Padosch SA, Lachenmeier DW, Kroner LU. Absinthism: a fictitious 19th century syndrome with present impact. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 2006;1:14. PubMed
  6. Lachenmeier DW, Emmert J, Kuballa T, Sartor G. Thujone--cause of absinthism? Forensic Sci Int 2006;158:1-8. PubMed
  7. Dettling, A., Grass, H., Schuff, A., Skopp, G., Strohbeck-Kuehner, P., and Haffner, H. T. Absinthe: attention performance and mood under the influence of thujone. J Stud.Alcohol 2004;65(5):573-581. PubMed
  8. Benezet-Mazuecos, J. and de la Fuente, A. Electrocardiographic findings after acute absinthe intoxication. Int J Cardiol. 11-10-2006;113(2):e48-e50. PubMed
  9. El Makrini NI, Hassam B. Artemisia absinthium: burning plant! Pan Afr Med J. 2016 Jan 22;23:10. PubMed
  10. Kocaoglu C, Ozel A. Persistent metabolic acidosis and severe diarrhoea due to Artemisia absinthium poisoning. J Pak Med Assoc. 2014 Sep;64(9):1081-3.

See these in context on the Wormwood monograph →

Black Walnut 3 references
  1. Blumenthal M, ed. The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. Trans. S. Klein. Boston, MA: American Botanical Council, 1998.
  2. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  3. Food and Drug Administration. Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2004 (FALCPA); Public Law 108-282, Title II. Accessed on May 19, 2021. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/food/food-allergensgluten-free-guidance-documents-regulatory-infor

See these in context on the Black Walnut monograph →

Yarrow 8 references
  1. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  2. Uter, W., Nohle, M., Randerath, B., and Schwanitz, H. J. Occupational contact urticaria and late-phase bronchial asthma caused by compositae pollen in a florist. Am J Contact Dermat. 2001;12(3):182-184. DOI
  3. Schempp, C. M., Schopf, E., and Simon, J. C. [Plant-induced toxic and allergic dermatitis (phytodermatitis)]. Hautarzt 2002;53(2):93-97.
  4. Jovanovic, M., Poljacki, M., Duran, V., Vujanovic, L., Sente, R., and Stojanovic, S. Contact allergy to Compositae plants in patients with atopic dermatitis. Med Pregl. 2004;57(5-6):209-218. PubMed
  5. Becker LC, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, et al. Safety assessment of Achillea millefolium as used in cosmetics. Int J Toxicol. 2016;35(3 suppl):5S-15S.
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See these in context on the Yarrow monograph →

Clove 26 references
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See these in context on the Clove monograph →

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