French-Maritime Pycnogenol Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking French-Maritime Pycnogenol against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
French-Maritime Pycnogenol is a dietary supplement by Viva Naturals with 1 active ingredient. Its ingredients are commonly taken for circulation and vein health, antioxidant support, skin health and aging.Based on those ingredients, 327 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Pycnogenol. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against French-Maritime Pycnogenol by Viva Naturals
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with French-Maritime Pycnogenol by Viva Naturals — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of French-Maritime Pycnogenol by Viva Naturals
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
This product contains one active ingredient: pycnogenol, a standardized extract from French maritime pine bark. The capsule also includes three inactive ingredients — rice flour, hypromellose (a capsule material), and ascorbyl palmitate (a stabilizer).
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
Pycnogenol is possibly effective for osteoarthritis and chronic venous insufficiency (heaviness, swelling, or pain in the legs from poor blood flow). It is possibly ineffective for high cholesterol (hyperlipidemia).
For asthma, the evidence rates it as possibly effective. The data we hold does not establish effectiveness for other uses.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Pycnogenol is generally well tolerated in studies, though long-term safety hasn't been fully established. The most common side effects are gastrointestinal complaints, dizziness, and vertigo.
A few trial participants reported headache. Very rarely, isolated cases of chest pain and worsening heart failure have been reported, though it's unclear whether the extract caused them.
During pregnancy, there isn't enough safety data — the evidence advises against it. Similarly, there isn't enough data for breastfeeding, so the safety data advises against it as well.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking this product, check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take blood thinners (anticoagulants or antiplatelets), diabetes medications, or immunosuppressants. Maritime pine bark extract may increase bleeding risk with blood thinners, may lower blood sugar when combined with diabetes drugs, and may interfere with immune-suppressing therapy.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Pycnogenol may help with osteoarthritis or leg swelling from poor circulation. If you take blood thinners, diabetes medications, or drugs that suppress your immune system, check with your doctor or pharmacist before starting this product — the interactions could affect how those drugs work.
Talk it over with your healthcare provider to see if it's right for you and your specific medications.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 1 of 1 active ingredient matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jun 20, 2024.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about French-Maritime Pycnogenol, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Viva Naturals |
|---|---|
| Net contents | 60 Veggie Capsule(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Jun 20, 2024 |
| DSLD ID | 309775 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for French-Maritime Pycnogenol by Viva Naturals, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Pycnogenol | 100 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Rice Flour, Hypromellose, Ascorbyl Palmitate
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation
Good for: Taking care of your cardiovascular health, supporting a strong immune system, and helping to support antioxidant protection.
Non GMO Gluten free Dairy free
Supports circulation & immune health + Antioxidant protection Tested
Manufactured without dairy, gluten or GMOs.
Vivanaturals promise We're really proud of the products we make. But, if you're unhappy with your Viva Naturals purchase for any reason, just let us know within 90 days. We'll be happy to refund your money, no questions asked and no hard feelings.
Formula
Made with: French maritime pine bark extract.
Pycnogenol 100mg
Brand IP Statement(s)
Vivanaturals A wealth of wellness We make wellness possible
Pycnogenol is a registered trademark of Horphag Research. Use of this product may be protected by one or more U.S. Patents and other international patents.
Storage
Storage information: Store in a cool, dry place away from heat and light.
Precautions
Caution: As with any dietary supplement, consult your healthcare practitioner before using this or any other product if you are pregnant, nursing, trying to conceive, taking medication or have a medical condition.
Keep out of reach of children.
Do not use if safety seal under cap is broken or missing.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested use: Take 1 capsule daily following a complete meal, or as recommended by your healthcare practitioner.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
French-Maritime Pycnogenol by Viva Naturals label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in French-Maritime Pycnogenol by Viva Naturals
This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container60 Amounts shown are per serving.
Pycnogenol
Interacts with327 drugs
Maritime pine bark extract (often sold as Pycnogenol) is a plant-based antioxidant most studied for circulation, vein, and skin health. Some research...
Pycnogenol monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Rice Flour, Hypromellose, Ascorbyl Palmitate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
French-Maritime Pycnogenol by Viva Naturals Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Viva Naturals French-Maritime Pycnogenol contains pycnogenol (maritime pine bark extract), which has documented interactions with blood thinners (anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs), drugs that suppress the immune system, and diabetes medications.
The most serious concern is a Moderate-severity interaction with blood thinners: the extract may inhibit platelet clotting and theoretically raise bleeding risk, though the clinical importance of this effect isn't yet clear.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
The extract also carries Moderate interactions with immunosuppressants — animal and lab studies suggest it may stimulate immunity in ways that could reduce how well these drugs work, though this hasn't been observed in people. Additionally, one clinical trial found that maritime pine bark extract can lower blood sugar, so combining it with diabetes medications (Moderate severity) might increase the risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) and may require dose adjustments.
Additionally, we have data showing no interactions documented in our database for any other ingredients in this product. Altogether, these interactions span 327 individual medications.
If you take a blood thinner, immunosuppressant, or diabetes drug, run your exact medications through the checker on this page before starting.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against French-Maritime Pycnogenol?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in French-Maritime Pycnogenol interact with 327 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
1 of the 1 ingredient in French-Maritime Pycnogenol interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Pycnogenol
Aspirin, HydrocodoneAlor 5 500, Lortab ASA
How Aspirin, Hydrocodone interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Aspirin, Hydrocodone interactionAspirin, MeprobamateMicrainin
How Aspirin, Meprobamate interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Aspirin, Meprobamate interactionAspirin, MethocarbamolRobaxisal
How Aspirin, Methocarbamol interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Aspirin, Methocarbamol interactionAspirin, OmeprazoleYosprala
How Aspirin, Omeprazole interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Aspirin, Omeprazole interactionAspirin, OxycodonePercodan
How Aspirin, Oxycodone interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Aspirin, Oxycodone interactionAspirin, PentazocineTalwin Compound
How Aspirin, Pentazocine interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Aspirin, Pentazocine interactionAtezolizumabTecentriq
How Atezolizumab interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Atezolizumab interactionAzamuneImmunoprin
How Azamune interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Azamune interactionAzathioprineAzamune, Imuran
How Azathioprine interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Azathioprine interactionBasiliximabSimulect
How Basiliximab interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Basiliximab interactionBeclometasone DipropionateBecotide
How Beclometasone Dipropionate interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Beclometasone Dipropionate interactionBeclomethasoneBeclovent, Vanceril
How Beclomethasone interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Beclomethasone interactionBeclomethasone DipropionateQNASL, Qvar
How Beclomethasone Dipropionate interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Beclomethasone Dipropionate interactionBetamethasoneCelestone, Diprolene AF, Diprosone
How Betamethasone interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Betamethasone interactionBetamethasone DipropionateSernivo
How Betamethasone Dipropionate interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Betamethasone Dipropionate interactionBetamethasone Dipropionate, CalcipotrieneEnstilar, Wynzora
How Betamethasone Dipropionate, Calcipotriene interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Betamethasone Dipropionate, Calcipotriene interactionBetamethasone ValerateLuxiq
How Betamethasone Valerate interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Betamethasone Valerate interactionBetrixabanBevyxxa
How Betrixaban interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Betrixaban interactionBimekizumab-bkzxBimzelx
How Bimekizumab-bkzx interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Bimekizumab-bkzx interactionBivalirudinAngiomax, Angiomax Rtu, Angiox
How Bivalirudin interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Bivalirudin interactionBromfenac SodiumBromsite, Prolensa
How Bromfenac Sodium interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Bromfenac Sodium interactionCabliviCablivi
How Cablivi interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Cablivi interactionCanagliflozinInvokana
How Canagliflozin interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Canagliflozin interactionCanagliflozin, MetforminInvokamet
How Canagliflozin, Metformin interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Canagliflozin, Metformin interactionCanagliflozin, Metformin HydrochlorideInvokamet XR
How Canagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Canagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interactionCangrelorKengreal
How Cangrelor interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Cangrelor interactionChlorpropamideChlorpropam, Diabinese
How Chlorpropamide interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Chlorpropamide interactionCiclesonideAlvesco, Omnaris, Zetonna
How Ciclesonide interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Ciclesonide interactionCilostazolPletal
How Cilostazol interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Cilostazol interactionCisplatinPlatinol-AQ
How Cisplatin interacts with French-Maritime Pycnogenol — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Cisplatin interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in French-Maritime Pycnogenol with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Pycnogenol
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Clinical research suggests that maritime pine bark extract inhibits platelet aggregation. However, the clinical significance of this effect is unclear.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
One clinical study shows that maritime pine bark extract decreases blood sugar in patients with diabetes being treated with antidiabetes agents. Monitor blood glucose levels closely. Dose adjustments might be necessary.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
In vitro and animal research suggests that maritime pine bark extract has immunostimulant activity. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for French-Maritime Pycnogenol, from the product label.
Viva Naturals
See all Viva Naturals products- Name
- Viva Naturals Inc.
- Street Address
- 228 Park Ave South Suite 2400
- City
- New York
- State
- NY
- ZipCode
- 10003
- Phone Number
- 1-800-921-8482
- Web Address
- www.vivanaturals.com
French-Maritime Pycnogenol by Viva Naturals: Common Questions
Does French-Maritime Pycnogenol by Viva Naturals interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
What does pycnogenol actually do?
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
What are the most common side effects?
Is this product just the extract, or does it have fillers?
I take a blood thinner — is this safe for me?
Does this really work for arthritis?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if French-Maritime Pycnogenol is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind French-Maritime Pycnogenol’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Sources & How We Checked
French-Maritime Pycnogenol's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 14 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Maritime Pine 14 references
- Rice-Evans CA, Packer L, eds. Flavonoids in Health and Disease. Manhattan, NY: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1998.
- Liu FJ, Zhang YX, Lau BH. Pycnogenol enhances immune and haemopoietic functions in senescence-accelerated mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 1998;54:1168-72. PubMed
- Putter M, Grotemeyer KH, Wurthwein G, et al. Inhibition of smoking-induced platelet aggregation by aspirin and pycnogenol. Thromb Res 1999;95:155-61. PubMed
- Kohama T, Inoue M. Pycnogenol alleviates pain associated with pregnancy. Phytother Res 2006;20:232-4.
- Liu X, Zhou HJ, Rohdewald P. French maritime pine bark extract pycnogenol dose-dependently lowers glucose in type 2 diabetic patients (letter). Diabetes Care 2004;27:839. PubMed
- Liu X, Wei J, Tan F, et al. Antidiabetic effect of Pycnogenol French maritime pine bark extract in patients with diabetes type II. Life Sci 2004;75:2505-13. PubMed
- Wilson D, Evans M, Guthrie N et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory study to evaluate the potential of pycnogenol for improving allergic rhinitis symptoms. Phytother Res 2010;24:1115-9.
- Araghi-Niknam, M., Hosseini, S., Larson, D., Rohdewald, P., and Watson, R. R. Pine bark extract reduces platelet aggregation. Integr.Med. 3-21-2000;2(2):73-77. PubMed
- Trebaticka, J., Kopasova, S., Hradecna, Z., Cinovsky, K., Skodacek, I., Suba, J., Muchova, J., Zitnanova, I., Waczulikova, I., Rohdewald, P., and Durackova, Z. Treatment of ADHD with French maritime pine bark extract, Pycnogenol. Eur.Child Adolesc.Psychi PubMed
- Suzuki, N., Uebaba, K., Kohama, T., Moniwa, N., Kanayama, N., and Koike, K. French maritime pine bark extract significantly lowers the requirement for analgesic medication in dysmenorrhea: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
- Cisar, P., Jany, R., Waczulikova, I., Sumegova, K., Muchova, J., Vojtassak, J., Durackova, Z., Lisy, M., and Rohdewald, P. Effect of pine bark extract (Pycnogenol) on symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Phytother.Res. 2008;22(8):1087-1092.
- Enseleit, F., Sudano, I., Periat, D., Winnik, S., Wolfrum, M., Flammer, A. J., Frohlich, G. M., Kaiser, P., Hirt, A., Haile, S. R., Krasniqi, N., Matter, C. M., Uhlenhut, K., Hogger, P., Neidhart, M., Luscher, T. F., Ruschitzka, F., and Noll, G. Effects
- Schoonees, A., Visser, J., Musekiwa, A., and Volmink, J. Pycnogenol(R) (extract of French maritime pine bark) for the treatment of chronic disorders. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;4:CD008294.
- Wang S, Tan D Zhao Y et al. The effect of pycnogenol on the microcirculation, platelet function and ischemic myocardium in patients with coronary artery diseases. Eur Bull Drug Res 1999;7:19-25.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC