Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

"Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by NOW

"Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex label
See full label image
Liquid Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking "Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

"Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex is a dietary supplement by NOW with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for digestive upset and poor appetite, intestinal parasites, crohn's disease symptoms.Based on those ingredients, 1,014 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Clove bud extract, Wormwood herb extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against "Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex by NOW

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with "Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex by NOW — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of "Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex by NOW

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Aug 6, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 3 active ingredients.
  • “Unique Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (1.60 mL) without saying how much of each component you get.

This liquid supplement contains 3 active ingredients: wormwood herb extract, clove bud extract, and green black walnut hulls extract. The product also lists grain alcohol and water as inactive ingredients (the liquid carrier and preservative).

Each ingredient has been traditionally used for digestive or general wellness purposes, though the product facts show the evidence supporting these uses is limited or not well established for most.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed

This product doesn't appear to be marketed for a specific use, so we graded its ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.

Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports its ingredients for:

Why this rating?
  • We looked at the product name, claims, and label statements and couldn't find a stated purpose to grade.
  • Since the label doesn't commit to one use, we graded the ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.
  • On file: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) — rated "Possibly Effective" (Clove) (Natural Medicines).

The evidence supporting these ingredients is thin. Clove bud extract is rated possibly effective for ventilator-associated pneumonia, but that's a hospital setting and not a typical reason someone takes this supplement at home.

For cough, pain, and digestive upset (dyspepsia), the data on clove is insufficient to know whether it works. Wormwood and green black walnut hulls extract are also rated insufficient evidence for their traditional uses — biliary problems, Crohn's disease, depression, digestive issues, and joint pain.

In short, we don't have reliable data showing this product delivers on its intended purposes.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Wormwood Clove Black Walnut

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 3 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 3 of 3.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 3 of 3.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Wormwood carries the biggest safety caution. It contains thujone, a neurotoxin that can cause nausea, vomiting, muscle aches, and in rare cases, kidney damage, muscle breakdown (rhabdomyolysis), and seizures — especially if taken in higher amounts or long-term.

Wormwood is unsafe in pregnancy (may stimulate the uterus) and best avoided while breastfeeding due to lack of safety data. Clove bud extract is likely safe in pregnancy and lactation when used in food amounts, but concentrated medicinal doses haven't been well studied.

Clove oil in small quantities (5–10 mL) can be toxic in children, causing CNS depression, confusion, and seizures. Topically, clove may cause burning, contact dermatitis, or mouth sores.

Green black walnut hulls extract hasn't been studied long-term; it's possibly unsafe in pregnancy and best avoided while breastfeeding. The hull contains high tannin levels and may cause stomach upset.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Wormwood Clove Black Walnut

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 3 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Clove, Wormwood.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; seizure medications; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 1,015 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking this product if you're on anticonvulsant (seizure) medications, diabetes drugs, any medication processed through your liver (especially those metabolized by CYP2D6, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, or CYP2C9), blood thinners (anticoagulants), or antiplatelet drugs. These are the drug types with documented interactions in the product's ingredients.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

If you're taking seizure medications, diabetes drugs, or blood thinners, this product needs a conversation with your doctor or pharmacist before you start — the interactions are real enough to matter. Even if none of those apply, the evidence that this supplement actually works for what it's meant to do is lacking, and wormwood's toxicity risk makes short-term use a safer bet than long-term.

Talk it over with your own healthcare provider to see whether it's right for you.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 3 of 3 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Dec 22, 2019.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about "Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex, straight from the product label.

Brand NOW
Barcode (UPC) 733739049827
Net contents 2 fl. Oz.; 59 mL
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Dec 22, 2019
DSLD ID 212189
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses All Other
Intended target group(s) Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Kosher, Women (not pregnant or lactating), Gluten Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for "Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex by NOW, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
0.4 mL
Maximum serving Sizes:
1.6 mL
Servings per container
37
UPC/BARCODE
733739049827
IngredientAmount% DV
Wormwood herb extract0 NP--
Clove bud extract0 NP--
Unique Blend1.6 mL--
Green Black Walnut hulls extract0 NP--

Other ingredients: Grain Alcohol, Water

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Usage: Take 1/2 to 2 droppersful 2 times daily in juice or water before meals and/or at bedtime. This product is best used by gradually increasing dosage over a two week period with a one week break before repeating.

Precautions

Caution: For adults only.

Not for pregnant/nursing women. Consult physician if taking medication or have a medical condition.

Individuals with kidney or liver dysfunction should avoid taking this supplement. May cause gastrointestinal disturbance.

Keep out of reach of children.

Contains tree nut (black walnut).

Not manufactured with yeast, wheat, gluten, soy, corn, milk, egg, fish, shellfish or tree nut ingredients. Produced in a GMP facility that processes other ingredients containing these allergens.

Formula

Contains alcohol.

Triangle K

Formulation

Natural color variation may occur in this product.

Herbal Supplement

Vegetarian/Vegan

Botanicals/Herbs

Not manufactured with yeast, wheat, gluten, soy, corn, milk, egg, fish, shellfish or tree nut ingredients.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry, dark place after opening.

Seals/Symbols

Quality GMP Assured

Non-GMO

Triangle K

FDA Statement of Identity

A Dietary Supplement

General Statements

Family owned since 1968.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

"Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex by NOW label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

"Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in "Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex by NOW

These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size0.4 mL Dosage formLiquid Servings per container37 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Unique Blend

1.6 mL per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Grain Alcohol, Water. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

"Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex by NOW Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against "Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,014Drugs
954 Moderate 60 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Clove bud extract 977
Wormwood herb extract 50

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in "Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex interact with 1,014 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 3 ingredients in "Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Clove bud extract Wormwood herb extract

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in "Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Clove bud extract7 drug types · 977 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove extracts with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical and laboratory research suggest that polyphenol extracts from clove flower buds might lower blood glucose levels. Dosing adjustments for insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents may be necessary when taken with clove. Monitor blood glucose levels closely.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP1A2 in a dose-dependent manner,. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, inhibits CYP2C9 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP2D6 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP3A4 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, clove oil may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Laboratory research suggests that eugenol, a constituent of clove, has antiplatelet activity. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Ibuprofen (Advil, Others)

Theoretically, topical application of clove oil with ibuprofen might increase the absorption and side effects of topical ibuprofen.
Laboratory research shows that topical application of clove oil increases the absorption of topical ibuprofen. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Clove bud extract full monograph & interactions

Wormwood herb extract1 drug type · 50 drugs

Anticonvulsants

Theoretically, taking wormwood might interfere with the effects of anticonvulsant drugs.
Thujone, a constituent of wormwood, has convulsant effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Wormwood herb extract full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for "Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex, from the product label.

NOW

See all NOW products
Name
NOW Foods
Street Address
395 S. Glen Ellyn Rd.
City
Bloomingdale
State
IL
ZipCode
60108
Web Address
nowfoods.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

"Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex by NOW: Common Questions

Does "Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex by NOW interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, "Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex has a known interaction with 1,014 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
"Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex contains 3 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is it safe to take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Wormwood is unsafe during pregnancy and should be avoided while breastfeeding. Green black walnut hulls extract hasn't been studied enough — the safety data advises against it in pregnancy and lactation. Clove bud extract is likely safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding in food amounts, but medicinal doses aren't well studied. Because the product contains wormwood, it's best avoided in both situations — talk with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice.
Can I take this long-term?
The safety data recommend short-term use only for wormwood, and long-term safety for black walnut hulls extract hasn't been studied. Wormwood's thujone content can be toxic in higher amounts or with extended use. If you're considering this product beyond a few weeks, check with your doctor or pharmacist first.
Does this product actually work?
The evidence is weak. For the conditions these ingredients are traditionally used for — digestive issues, joint pain, or general wellness — our data shows the evidence is insufficient to know whether they help. Clove may be possibly effective for a specific hospital lung complication, but that's not what this product is marketed for.
What's the 'green' part of the name?
The product is called 'Green' Black Walnut Wormwood Complex because it contains green black walnut hulls extract — the outer husk of the black walnut fruit — along with wormwood and clove.
Why does the product contain alcohol?
Grain alcohol is listed as an inactive ingredient — it's the liquid carrier that keeps the extracts dissolved in suspension. This is common in herbal liquid supplements.
What are the side effects I should watch for?
With wormwood, watch for nausea, vomiting, and muscle aches. Clove may cause burning or irritation in the mouth or throat, especially topically. Black walnut hulls can cause stomach upset due to their high tannin content. In rare cases, wormwood can cause serious effects like kidney damage or seizures, especially in higher doses or with long-term use.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

"Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind "Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Wormwood

Interacts with 50 drugs

Wormwood is a very bitter herb traditionally used to stimulate appetite and ease digestion, and it has early research interest in Crohn's disease. It contains thujone, which can be toxic in...

Read the full Wormwood monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Clove

Interacts with 977 drugs

Clove is a common cooking spice that is also used in traditional medicine, especially as a topical numbing agent for tooth pain thanks to its main compound, eugenol. Food amounts are general...

Read the full Clove monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Black Walnut

Black walnut is a tree whose green hulls are traditionally used as a natural antiparasitic and digestive remedy, but solid human evidence for these uses is lacking. It contains a compound ca...

Read the full Black Walnut monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

"Green" Black Walnut Wormwood Complex's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 39 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Wormwood 10 references
  1. Weisbord SD, Soule JB, Kimmel PL. Poison on line-acute renal failure caused by oil of wormwood purchased through the internet. N Engl J Med 1997;337:825-7. PubMed
  2. Gambelunghe C, Melai P. Absinthe: enjoying a new popularity among young people? Forensic Sci Int 2002;130:183-6.
  3. Hold KM, Sirisoma NS, Casida JE. Detoxification of alpha- and beta-Thujones (the active ingredients of absinthe): site specificity and species differences in cytochrome P450 oxidation in vitro and in vivo. Chem Res Toxicol 2001;14:589-95.
  4. Lachenmeier DW, Walch SG, Padosch SA, Kroner LU. Absinthe--a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2006;46:365-77.
  5. Padosch SA, Lachenmeier DW, Kroner LU. Absinthism: a fictitious 19th century syndrome with present impact. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 2006;1:14. PubMed
  6. Lachenmeier DW, Emmert J, Kuballa T, Sartor G. Thujone--cause of absinthism? Forensic Sci Int 2006;158:1-8. PubMed
  7. Dettling, A., Grass, H., Schuff, A., Skopp, G., Strohbeck-Kuehner, P., and Haffner, H. T. Absinthe: attention performance and mood under the influence of thujone. J Stud.Alcohol 2004;65(5):573-581. PubMed
  8. Benezet-Mazuecos, J. and de la Fuente, A. Electrocardiographic findings after acute absinthe intoxication. Int J Cardiol. 11-10-2006;113(2):e48-e50. PubMed
  9. El Makrini NI, Hassam B. Artemisia absinthium: burning plant! Pan Afr Med J. 2016 Jan 22;23:10. PubMed
  10. Kocaoglu C, Ozel A. Persistent metabolic acidosis and severe diarrhoea due to Artemisia absinthium poisoning. J Pak Med Assoc. 2014 Sep;64(9):1081-3.

See these in context on the Wormwood monograph →

Clove 26 references
  1. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  2. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
  3. Kanerva L, Estlander T, Jolanki R. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from spices. Contact Dermatitis 1996;35:157-62. PubMed
  4. Chen SJ, Wang MH, Chen IJ. Antiplatelet and calcium inhibitory properties of eugenol and sodium eugenol acetate. Gen Pharmacol 1996;27:629-33. PubMed
  5. Malson JL, Lee EM, Murty R, et al. Clove cigarette smoking: biochemical, physiological, and subjective effects. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2003;74:739-45. PubMed
  6. Kirsch CM, Yenokida GG, Jensen WA, et al. Non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema due to the intravenous administration of clove oil. Thorax 1990;45:235-6. PubMed
  7. Pallares, D. E. Link between clove cigarettes and urticaria? Postgrad.Med 10-1-1999;106(4):153. PubMed
  8. Barnard, D. R. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol. 1999;36(5):625-629. PubMed
  9. Sanchez-Perez, J. and Garcia-Diez, A. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from eugenol, oil of cinnamon and oil of cloves in a physiotherapist. Contact Dermatitis 1999;41(6):346-347. PubMed
  10. Andersen, K. E., Johansen, J. D., Bruze, M., Frosch, P. J., Goossens, A., Lepoittevin, J. P., Rastogi, S., White, I., and Menne, T. The time-dose-response relationship for elicitation of contact dermatitis in isoeugenol allergic individuals. Toxicol.Appl PubMed
  11. Alqareer, A., Alyahya, A., and Andersson, L. The effect of clove and benzocaine versus placebo as topical anesthetics. J Dent 2006;34(10):747-750. PubMed
  12. Lane, B. W., Ellenhorn, M. J., Hulbert, T. V., and McCarron, M. Clove oil ingestion in an infant. Hum.Exp Toxicol. 1991;10(4):291-294. PubMed
  13. Quirce, S., Fernandez-Nieto, M., del, Pozo, V, Sastre, B., and Sastre, J. Occupational asthma and rhinitis caused by eugenol in a hairdresser. Allergy 2008;63(1):137-138. PubMed
  14. Srivastava, K. C. and Malhotra, N. Acetyl eugenol, a component of oil of cloves (Syzygium aromaticum L.) inhibits aggregation and alters arachidonic acid metabolism in human blood platelets. Prostaglandins Leukot.Essent.Fatty Acids 1991;42(1):73-81. PubMed
  15. Dyrbye, B. A., Dubois, L., Vink, R., and Horn, J. A patient with clove oil intoxication. Anaesth.Intensive Care 2012;40(2):365-366.
  16. Guidotti, T. L., Laing, L., and Prakash, U. B. Clove cigarettes. The basis for concern regarding health effects. West J Med 1989;151(2):220-228.
  17. Anonymous. Evaluation of the health hazard of clove cigarettes. Council on Scientific Affairs. JAMA 12-23-1988;260(24):3641-3644. DOI
  18. Romaguera, C., Alomar, A., Camarasa, J. M., Garcia, Bravo B., Garcia, Perez A., Grimalt, F., Guerra, P., Lopez, Gorretcher B., Pascual, A. M., Miranda, A., and . Contact dermatitis in children. Contact Dermatitis 1985;12(5):283-284. PubMed
  19. Hackett, P. H., Rodriguez, G., and Roach, R. C. Clove cigarettes and high-altitude pulmonary edema. JAMA 6-28-1985;253(24):3551-3552. DOI
  20. Isaacs, G. Permanent local anaesthesia and anhidrosis after clove oil spillage. Lancet 4-16-1983;1(8329):882. PubMed
  21. Saeed, S. A. and Gilani, A. H. Antithrombotic activity of clove oil. J Pak Med Assoc 1994;44(5):112-115.
  22. Hartnoll, G., Moore, D., and Douek, D. Near fatal ingestion of oil of cloves. Arch.Dis Child 1993;69(3):392-393. PubMed
  23. Srivastava, K. C. Antiplatelet principles from a food spice clove (Syzygium aromaticum L) [corrected]. Prostaglandins Leukot.Essent.Fatty Acids 1993;48(5):363-372.
  24. Jiang Q, Wu Y, Zhang H, et al. Development of essential oils as skin permeation enhancers: penetration enhancement effect and mechanism of action. Pharmaceutical Biol. 2017;55(1):1592-1600. PubMed
  25. Mohan R, Jose S, Mulakkal J, Karpinsky-Semper D, Swick AG, Krishnakumar IM. Water-soluble polyphenol-rich clove extract lowers pre- and post-prandial blood glucose levels in healthy and prediabetic volunteers: an open label pilot study. BMC Complement Alt PubMed
  26. Alharbi NFM, Ahad A, Bin Jardan YA, Al-Jenoobi FI. Effect of eugenol on cytochrome P450 1A2, 2C9, 2D6, and 3A4 activity in human liver microsomes. Saudi Pharm J 2024;32(7):102118. PubMed

See these in context on the Clove monograph →

Black Walnut 3 references
  1. Blumenthal M, ed. The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. Trans. S. Klein. Boston, MA: American Botanical Council, 1998.
  2. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  3. Food and Drug Administration. Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2004 (FALCPA); Public Law 108-282, Title II. Accessed on May 19, 2021. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/food/food-allergensgluten-free-guidance-documents-regulatory-infor

See these in context on the Black Walnut monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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