Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 3 of 10 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Hemoxy Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Rivalus

Hemoxy label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Non-nutrient/non-botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 23, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Hemoxy against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Hemoxy is a dietary supplement by Rivalus with 10 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for exercise performance and endurance, heart health, energy support.Based on those ingredients, 222 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Taurine, Glutamine. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Hemoxy by Rivalus

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Hemoxy by Rivalus — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Hemoxy by Rivalus

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 10 active ingredients.
  • “VASOBLAST(TM) (Blood Volume Expansion Complex)” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (3,000 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “MYOVOLIX(TM) (Muscle Cell Swelling Complex)” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (500 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Hemoxy contains 10 ingredients, of which the main active ones we can identify are taurine, glutamine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, creatine (in the Creatine Glutamine Peptide form), and several arginine-based compounds grouped under proprietary blends called VASOBLAST and MYOVOLIX. Taurine and glutamine are amino acids thought to support heart function and muscle recovery; the branched-chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, valine) and creatine are common in sports nutrition to support muscle strength and athletic performance.

The product also contains inactive ingredients — gelatin, magnesium stearate, silica, and microcrystalline cellulose — which are standard capsule fillers and binders.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: enhance athletic performance strength endurance recovery.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, Physical performance, Exercise-induced muscle damage, Exercise-induced muscle soreness, Muscle strength, Fatigue — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Creatine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Athletic performance (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Creatine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Muscle strength.
  • Also on file: Glutamine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Postoperative recovery.

Taurine has possibly effective evidence for hepatitis and heart failure (congestive heart failure). Glutamine shows possibly effective ratings for sickle cell disease, HIV-related wasting, postoperative recovery, and critical illness recovery.

Creatine has possibly effective evidence for sarcopenia (age-related muscle loss), cerebral creatine deficiency syndromes, muscle strength, and athletic performance. The evidence for obesity reduction with taurine and for Huntington disease or osteopenia with creatine is rated possibly ineffective.

Overall, the strongest established uses are for muscle support and certain serious medical conditions, though more research supports some claims than others.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Taurine Glutamine Creatine

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 3 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 3 of 3.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 3 of 3.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Taurine is generally well tolerated at typical doses for up to a year, though long-term safety is less certain. Common side effects are constipation, diarrhea, and indigestion; rare hypersensitivity reactions have occurred, particularly in people allergic to sulfonamides or sulfites.

Glutamine is also generally well tolerated but can cause belching, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, flatulence, headache, nausea, and vomiting — especially at high doses. Two cases of mania or hypomania have been reported in people with bipolar disorder taking glutamine.

Creatine is well tolerated orally but may cause dehydration, diarrhea, stomach upset, muscle cramps, and water retention; people with kidney disease should use caution. For pregnancy, taurine and glutamine are rated likely safe, but creatine safety has not been established and is best avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Taurine Glutamine Creatine

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 3 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Glutamine, Taurine.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: seizure medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 222 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check your medications if you take blood pressure drugs (antihypertensives) or lithium with this product — taurine may lower blood pressure or raise lithium levels. If you're on seizure medication (anticonvulsants), glutamine may theoretically interfere with its effect.

Run your exact medications through the checker on this page.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Hemoxy is designed for muscle support and athletic performance and may be worth considering if you're looking to boost strength or endurance. If you take blood pressure medication, lithium, or seizure drugs, you must check your specific medications with our tool first.

People with kidney disease and anyone pregnant or breastfeeding should talk with their pharmacist or doctor before starting.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 3 of 10 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Oct 25, 2012.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Hemoxy, straight from the product label.

Brand Rivalus
Net contents 228 Sustained-Release Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Oct 25, 2012
DSLD ID 14518
Product type Non-nutrient/non-botanical
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Hemoxy by Rivalus, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
4 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
4 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
30
IngredientAmount% DV
Taurine0 NP--
Glutamine0 NP--
Leucine0 NP--
Isoleucine0 NP--
Valine0 NP--
Creatine Glutamine Peptide0 NP--
VASOBLAST(TM) (Blood Volume Expansion Complex)3000 mg--
Arginine Glycerol Glycopeptide0 NP--
Arginine Creatine Peptide0 NP--
Arginine Monohydrochloride0 NP--
Pentose Phosphate0 NP--
MYOVOLIX(TM) (Muscle Cell Swelling Complex)500 mg--

Other ingredients: Gelatin, Magnesium Sterate, Silica, Microcrystalline Cellulose

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Precautions

Warning: Consult a physician before using if you are unaware of your current health status, if you have a medical condition, or if you or your family has a medical history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, psychological disorders, hormonal abnormalities, or if you are taking any prescription drug.

Discontinue use two weeks prior to surgery. Do not exceed maximum daily dosage. Do not use if safety seal is broken. For adult use only.

KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN.

This product is not intended for use by those with a serious medical condition or pregnant or lactating women.

General Statements

HEMOXY

HEMOXY is used by athletes during training, competition and recovery to immediately enhance NO production, vasodilation, tissue oxygenation & muscle volume. HEMOXY is the first dietary supplement to contain nanodiffusion hemodilators and muscle cell volumizers designed to dramatically enhance vascularity, muscle pumps, strength and endurance. In Exercise Physiology, the “PUMP” is called transient reperfusion hypertrophy and it is the most powerful anabolic signal in our body. The unique ingredients in HEMOXY will increase your blood oxygen carrying capacity and your muscle cell volume (PUMP) which will promote amazing anabolic growth.

HYPERBOLIC FORMULA is a dietary supplement used by male and female athletes during training, competition and recovery to immediately enhance functional gains in strength, energy and endurance. HYPERBOLIC FORMULA is the most powerful strength and endurance stack ever created. It is the ultimate combination of the two most powerful strength and endurance supplements available on the market today: ENCHARGE and HEMOXY. Our team of leading scientists tested the combination of ENCHARGE and HEMOXY and found incredible increases in core strength, functional skeletal muscle growth and athletic endurance. These changes were more than the significant gains noted when taking ENCHARGE or HEMOXY alone and can only be attributed to the synergistic effect of these unique formulae on muscle growth and plasma volume expansion.

“I recommend HYPERBOLIC FORMULA for creating functional gains in both strength and endurance fast!” RIVALUS CEO & Founder, Dr. Darren Burke

RIVALUS Sponsors Athletes and Supports Academic Research.

In a 8-week clinical trial subjects consuming HEMOXY and ENCHARGE and following a structured weight training program increased vascularity, athletic endurance, and increased muscle mass and strength significantly more than placebo group subjects.

HYPERBOLIC FORMULA was clinically tested on athletes to confirm that it maintains normal physiological function (Safe) while improving performance (Effective).

NEW

OWN YOUR PERFORMANCE

MOST POWERFUL STACK EVER CREATED FOR FUNCTIONAL GAINS IN STRENGTH AND ENDURANCE

CLINICALLY TESTED

HYPERBOLIC FORMULA Study Reports Rapid Increase in Strength & Endurance In a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study fifteen male and fifteen female athletes consuming HYPERBOLIC FORMULA for 8 weeks and exercising regularly increased strength by up to 30% and endurance by up to 22% compared to changes of 12% and 9% respectively for placebo group subjects.

(bar graph) % INCREASE 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 STRENGTH (PLACEBO) 12% (HYPERBOLIC FORMULA) 30% ENDURANCE (PLACEBO) 9% (HYPERBOLIC FORMULA) 22%

THIS PRODUCT WILL NOT CAUSE AN ADVERSE ANALYTICAL FINDING AS DEFINED BY THE INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE (IOC) OR WORLD ANTI-DOPING AGENCY (WADA).

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Recommended Use: Dr. Darren Burke (PhD) recommends 4 capsules every day. On training days, take 4 capsules 30-60 minutes before exercise. On non-training days, take 4 capsules in the morning. For best results use HEMOXY every day and combine with resistance exercise 3-5 days per week.

Brand IP Statement(s)

powered by PERMEATE(TM) Delivery Technology 8× Greater Absorption & Effects

(C)2011 RIVALUS Inc.

Formula

DESIGNED FOR ATHLETES CONSISTENTLY TRAIN HARDER AND LONGER EXPLOSIVE NO PRODUCTION, STRENGTH AND ENERGY

FDA Statement of Identity

DIETARY SUPPLEMENT

FDA Disclaimer Statement

*These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Seals/Symbols

Good Manufacturing Practices GMP NNfA

Made in USA

SAFE(TM) Safe And Effective First(TM)

Formulation

HYPERBOLIC FORMULA does not contain any substance banned by national college sports associations. It will not produce an Adverse Analytical Finding as defined by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) or the International Olympic Committee (IOC).

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Hemoxy by Rivalus label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Hemoxy label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Hemoxy by Rivalus

These are the 10 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size4 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

VASOBLAST(TM) (Blood Volume Expansion Complex)

3000 mg per serving
  • › Arginine Glycerol Glycopeptide
  • › Arginine Creatine Peptide
  • › Arginine Monohydrochloride
  • › Pentose Phosphate

MYOVOLIX(TM) (Muscle Cell Swelling Complex)

500 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Gelatin, Magnesium Sterate, Silica, Microcrystalline Cellulose. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Hemoxy by Rivalus Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Hemoxy?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
222Drugs
222 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Taurine 173
Glutamine 50

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Hemoxy interact with 222 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 10 ingredients in Hemoxy interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Taurine Glutamine

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Hemoxy with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Taurine2 drug types · 173 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Some clinical evidence suggests that taurine can reduce both systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, taurine might reduce excretion and increase plasma levels of lithium.
Taurine is thought to have diuretic properties, which might reduce the excretion of lithium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Taurine full monograph & interactions

Glutamine1 drug type · 50 drugs

Anticonvulsants

Theoretically, glutamine might antagonize the effects of anticonvulsant medications.
Glutamine is metabolized to the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. Glutamate might have antagonistic effects with anticonvulsant drugs. However, this interaction has not yet been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Glutamine full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Hemoxy, from the product label.

Rivalus

See all Rivalus products
Name
RIVALUS Inc.
Street Address
1096 Queen St., Suite 189
City
Halifax
State
Nova Scotia
ZipCode
B3H 2R9
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Hemoxy by Rivalus: Common Questions

Does Hemoxy by Rivalus interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Hemoxy has a known interaction with 222 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Hemoxy contains 10 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is Hemoxy safe to take if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Taurine and glutamine are rated likely safe during pregnancy and lactation. However, creatine (one of the active ingredients here) has not been studied enough in pregnancy — the data advises avoiding it. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about your individual situation before starting.
What side effects might I experience?
The most common are gastrointestinal: constipation, diarrhea, bloating, flatulence, nausea, and indigestion. Creatine may also cause muscle cramps, water retention, and dehydration. A small number of people have reported headache or dizziness. Serious reactions are rare but have included hypersensitivity reactions in sensitive individuals.
Does this product actually work for muscle building and athletic performance?
Creatine has possibly effective evidence for muscle strength and athletic performance. Glutamine and the branched-chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, valine) are commonly used for muscle recovery, though the strength of evidence varies. Taurine supports heart function and is possibly effective for heart failure, but it's not primarily a muscle-building agent.
Can I take Hemoxy if I have kidney disease?
Glutamine and creatine both carry caution flags for people with kidney or liver disease — you should use them only under medical supervision. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist first.
What is taurine, and why is it in this product?
Taurine is an amino acid your body makes naturally. It's included here because research suggests it supports heart function and blood pressure regulation, and there's possibly effective evidence for its use in heart failure.
Is there anything in this product I should be allergic to?
The capsule contains gelatin, so it's not suitable if you follow a vegetarian or vegan diet. A rare hypersensitivity reaction to taurine itself has been reported in someone with a history of sulfonamide and sulfite allergies. If you have any known allergies to amino acids or the inactive ingredients listed, avoid it or check with your pharmacist first.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Hemoxy label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Hemoxy’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Taurine

Interacts with 173 drugs

Taurine is an amino acid your body makes naturally and that you also get from animal foods. It is widely used in energy drinks and sports supplements, and short-term use appears generally sa...

Read the full Taurine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Glutamine

Interacts with 50 drugs

Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the body and is usually made in your muscles. A prescription form is FDA-approved to help reduce sickle cell disease complications, but for most...

Read the full Glutamine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Creatine

Creatine is one of the most studied sports supplements, with solid evidence that it can boost strength and performance during short, high-intensity activities like weightlifting and sprintin...

Read the full Creatine monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Hemoxy's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 118 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Taurine 21 references
  1. Ahmad S, Robertson HT, Golper TA, et al. Multicenter trial of L-carnitine in maintenance hemodialysis patients. II. Clinical and biochemical effects. Kidney Int 1990;38:912-8. PubMed
  2. Machado-Vieira R, Viale CI, Kapczinski F. Mania associated with an energy drink: the possible role of caffeine, taurine, and inositol. Can J Psychiatry 2001;46:454-5. PubMed
  3. Obermann M, Schorn CF, Mummel P, et al. Taurine induced toxic encephalopathy? Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2006;108:812-3. PubMed
  4. Bichler, A., Swenson, A., and Harris, M. A. A combination of caffeine and taurine has no effect on short term memory but induces changes in heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure. Amino Acids 2006;31(4):471-476. PubMed
  5. Iyadurai, S. J. and Chung, S. S. New-onset seizures in adults: possible association with consumption of popular energy drinks. Epilepsy Behav 2007;10(3):504-508. PubMed
  6. Berger, A. J. and Alford, K. Cardiac arrest in a young man following excess consumption of caffeinated "energy drinks". Med J Aust. 1-5-2009;190(1):41-43. PubMed
  7. Worthley, M. I., Prabhu, A., De, Sciscio P., Schultz, C., Sanders, P., and Willoughby, S. R. Detrimental effects of energy drink consumption on platelet and endothelial function. Am J Med 2010;123(2):184-187. PubMed
  8. Morchon, Simon D. and Perez Castrillon, J. L. [Hypoglycemia by intake of taurine]. Rev.Clin Esp. 2010;210(1):49.
  9. Livshits, Z., Hoffman, R. S., Hymes, K. B., and Nelson, L. S. If vitamins could kill: massive hemolysis following naturopathic vitamin infusion. J Med Toxicol. 2011;7(3):224-226. PubMed
  10. Schoffl, I., Kothmann, J. F., Schoffl, V., Rupprecht, H. D., and Rupprecht, T. "Vodka energy": too much for the adolescent nephron? Pediatrics 2011;128(1):e227-e231. PubMed
  11. Calabro, R. S., Italiano, D., Gervasi, G., and Bramanti, P. Single tonic-clonic seizure after energy drink abuse. Epilepsy Behav 2012;23(3):384-385. PubMed
  12. Fujita, T., Ando, K., Noda, H., Ito, Y., and Sato, Y. Effects of increased adrenomedullary activity and taurine in young patients with borderline hypertension. Circulation 1987;75(3):525-532. PubMed
  13. Darling, P. B., Lepage, G., Leroy, C., Masson, P., and Roy, C. C. Effect of taurine supplements on fat absorption in cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Res 1985;19(6):578-582. PubMed
  14. Fukuyama, Y. and Ochiai, Y. Therapeutic trial by taurine for intractable childhood epilepsies. Brain Dev. 1982;4(1):63-69. PubMed
  15. Franconi, F., Bennardini, F., Mattana, A., Miceli, M., Ciuti, M., Mian, M., Gironi, A., Anichini, R., and Seghieri, G. Plasma and platelet taurine are reduced in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: effects of taurine supplementation. Am.J. DOI
  16. Stohs SJ, Miller M. A case study involving allergic reactions to sulfur-containing compounds including, sulfite, taurine, acesulfame potassium and sulfonamides. Food Chem Toxicol. 2014 Jan;63:240-3. PubMed
  17. Sun Q, Wang B, Li Y, Sun F, et al. Taurine supplementation lowers blood pressure and improves vascular function in prehypertension: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Hypertension 2016 Mar;67(3):541-9. PubMed
  18. Jang ES, Hwang SH, Kim JW, Jeong SH. Effectiveness of 4-week oral taurine treatment for muscle cramps in patients with liver cirrhosis: a single-arm pilot study. Yonsei Med J 2021;62(1):21-8. PubMed
  19. Guan L, Miao P. The effects of taurine supplementation on obesity, blood pressure and lipid profile: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Pharmacol 2020;885:173533. PubMed
  20. Higgins JP, Liras GN, Liras IN, et al. Energy Drink Effects on Hemodynamics and Endothelial Function in Young Adults. Cardiology. 2021;146(2):258-262. PubMed
  21. Pallangyo P, Bhalia SV, Komba M, et al. Acute Myocardial Infarction Following the Consumption of Energy Drink in a 28-Year-Old Male: A Case Report. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep. 2023 Jan-Dec;11:23247096231168811. PubMed

See these in context on the Taurine monograph →

Glutamine 11 references
  1. Miller AL. Therapeutic considerations of L-glutamine: a review of the literature. Altern Med Rev 1999;4:239-48..
  2. Bozzetti F, Biganzoli L, Gavazzi C, et al. Glutamine supplementation in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a double-blind randomized study. Nutrition 1997;13:748-51.. PubMed
  3. Mebane AH. L-Glutamine and mania. Am J Psychiatry 984;141:1302-3.
  4. Meldrum BS. Glutamate as a neurotransmitter in the brain: review of physiology and pathology. J Nutr 2000;130:1007S-15S.. PubMed
  5. Garlick PJ. Assessment of the safety of glutamine and other amino acids. J Nutr 2001;131:2556S-61S.. PubMed
  6. Chapman AG. Glutamate and epilepsy. J Nutr 2000;130:1043S-5S.. PubMed
  7. Ziegler TR. Glutamine supplementation in cancer patients receiving bone marrow transplantation and high dose chemotherapy. J Nutr 2001;131:2578S-84S.. PubMed
  8. Laviano A, Molfino A, Lacaria MT, Canelli A, De Leo S, Preziosa I, Rossi Fanelli F. Glutamine supplementation favors weight loss in nondieting obese female patients. A pilot study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Nov;68(11):1264-6. PubMed
  9. Endari (l-glutamine) [package insert]. Torrance, CA: Emmaus Medical,Inc; 2017.
  10. Niihara Y, Miller ST, Kanter J, et al. A Phase 3 Trial of l-Glutamine in Sickle Cell Disease. N Engl J Med 2018;379(3):226-35. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1715971.
  11. Ogden HB, Child RB, Fallowfield JL, et al. Gastrointestinal Tolerance of Low, Medium and High Dose Acute Oral l-Glutamine Supplementation in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Study. Nutrients. 2020;12(10):2953. PubMed

See these in context on the Glutamine monograph →

Creatine 86 references
  1. Koshy KM, Griswold E, Schneeberger EE. Interstitial nephritis in a patient taking creatine. N Engl J Med 1999;340:814-5. PubMed
  2. Vahedi K, Domingo V, Amarenco P, Bousser MG. Ischemic stroke in a sportsman who consumed MaHuang extract and creatine monohydrate for bodybuilding. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 2000;68:112-3.
  3. Greenhaff P. Renal dysfunction accompanying oral creatine supplements. Lancet 1998;352:233-4. PubMed
  4. Vandenberghe K, Goris M, Van Hecke P, et al. Long-term creatine intake is beneficial to muscle performance during resistance training (abstract). J Appl Physiol 1997;83:2055-63. PubMed
  5. Hultman E, Soderlund K, Timmons JA, et al. Muscle creatine loading in men. J Appl Physiol 1996;81:232-7. PubMed
  6. Pritchard NR, Kalra PA. Renal dysfunction accompanying oral creatine supplements. Lancet 1998;351:1252-3. PubMed
  7. Poortmans JR, Auquier H, Renaut V, et al. Effect of short-term creatine supplementation on renal responses in men (abstract). Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1997;76:566-7. PubMed
  8. Poortmans JR, Francaux M. Long-term oral creatine supplementation does not impair renal function in healthy athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999;31:1108-10. PubMed
  9. Mihic S, MacDonald JR, McKenzie S, Tarnopolsky MA. Acute creatine loading increases fat-free mass, but does not affect blood pressure, plasma creatinine, or CK activity in men and women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000;32:291-6. PubMed
  10. Rawson ES, Wehnert ML, Clarkson PM. Effects of 30 days of creatine ingestion in older men. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1999;80:139-44. PubMed
  11. Earnest CP, Almada AL, Mitchell TL. High-performance capillary electrophoresis-pure creatine monohydrate reduces blood lipids in men and women. Clin Sci (Colch) 1996;91:113-8. PubMed
  12. Juhn MS. Oral creatine supplementation. Separating fact from hype. Phys Sportsmed 1999;27:47-50,53-54,56,61,89. PubMed
  13. Juhn MS, O'Kane JW, Vinci DM. Oral creatine supplementation in male collegiate athletes: a survey of dosing habits and side effects. J Am Diet Assoc 1999;99:593-5.
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