Kelp Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by Swanson
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Kelp against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Kelp is a dietary supplement by Swanson with 2 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for preventing iodine deficiency, supporting thyroid hormone production, general energy and metabolism support.Based on those ingredients, 23 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Atlantic Kelp, Iodine. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Kelp by Swanson
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Kelp by Swanson — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Kelp by Swanson
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
Swanson Kelp contains 2 active ingredients: iodine and Atlantic kelp (Ascophyllum nodosum). Iodine is an essential mineral your body needs to make thyroid hormones and regulate your metabolism.
Atlantic kelp is a brown seaweed that also contains iodine—though your body absorbs its iodine less readily than it does from pure iodine supplements. The tablet also includes several inactive ingredients (fillers and binders): dicalcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, microcrystalline cellulose, stearic acid, silica, magnesium stearate, acacia, and maltodextrin.
Does it work?
Strong evidence
Iodine is likely effective for preventing radiation exposure and treating iodine deficiency, and possibly effective for oral mucositis (mouth sores) and periodontitis (gum disease). Atlantic kelp, on the other hand, has insufficient evidence in our data to rate it for prediabetes, obesity, GERD, iodine deficiency, or inflammatory bowel disease.
If you're taking this product for one of Atlantic kelp's intended uses, the science isn't yet established in the information we hold.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Iodine is well tolerated in normal dietary amounts, but high doses can cause thyroid problems—including goiter, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism—and acneform skin lesions (a condition called iododerma) if taken chronically in large quantities. Common side effects at high doses include abdominal upset, diarrhea, headache, metallic taste, nausea, and rhinorrhea.
Rare but serious allergic reactions like anaphylaxis are possible. Atlantic kelp, taken as a supplement, caused elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in 2 out of 22 women in a trial, though free thyroxine (T4) levels remained normal.
For pregnancy and breastfeeding, iodine is rated likely safe in adequate amounts but possibly unsafe in high doses—your doctor should advise the right dose for you. Atlantic kelp should be avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding because its iodine content and possible heavy metal contaminants can pass to the baby or into breast milk.
Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether this product is appropriate for your situation.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before you take this product, double-check with your doctor or pharmacist if you're on antithyroid medications (moderate risk), lithium (moderate risk), amiodarone (moderate risk), or thyroid hormone replacement (moderate risk). These interactions can alter how your medications work or push your iodine levels too high.
If you take any prescription drug, run it through the checker below.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Kelp may help prevent iodine deficiency and protect against radiation exposure, but it's not the right choice if you take antithyroid drugs, lithium, amiodarone, or thyroid hormone replacement. Even if you don't take those medications, high doses of iodine carry real risks to your thyroid.
Before starting, check with your doctor or pharmacist about your specific medications and whether the iodine content is right for you.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 2 of 2 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jul 24, 2019.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Kelp, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Swanson |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 087614013374 |
| Net contents | 250 Tablet(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Jul 24, 2019 |
| DSLD ID | 203844 |
| Product type | Other Combinations |
| Supplement form | Tablet Or Pill |
| Dietary claims / uses | Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Kelp by Swanson, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Iodine | 225 mcg | 150% |
| Atlantic Kelp | 59 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Dicalcium Phosphate, Calcium Carbonate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Stearic Acid, Silica, Magnesium Stearate, Acacia, Maltodextrin
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formula
Great source of Iodine
Iodine source
May contain crustacean shellfish (lobster, crab and shrimp).
General Statements
Supports healthy thyroid function Supports a healthy body weight Science-backed quality since 1969
Thyroid support
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested use: As a dietary supplement, take one tablet per day with water. Do not exceed recommended dose.
Precautions
Do not exceed recommended dose.
Warning: For adults only.
Consult your physician before using this or any product if you are pregnant or nursing, taking medication or have a medical condition.
Keep out of reach of children.
Do not use if seal is broken.
May contain crustacean shellfish (lobster, crab and shrimp).
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
FDA Statement of Identity
Mineral Supplement
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Kelp by Swanson label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Kelp by Swanson
These are the 2 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Iodine
Interacts with7 drugs
Iodine is an essential mineral your body needs to make thyroid hormones, and most people get enough from iodized salt, dairy, and seafood. Supplements...
Iodine monograph & interactionsAtlantic Kelp
Interacts with22 drugs
Ascophyllum nodosum (often sold as bladderwrack or brown seaweed) is a nutrient-rich algae that people use for weight, blood sugar, and thyroid suppor...
Atlantic Kelp monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Dicalcium Phosphate, Calcium Carbonate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Stearic Acid, Silica, Magnesium Stearate, Acacia, Maltodextrin. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Kelp by Swanson Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Swanson Kelp interacts with medications through its iodine and Atlantic kelp content, and the most serious concern is a moderate-severity interaction with antithyroid drugs, lithium, and amiodarone.
Both iodine and Atlantic kelp can alter how antithyroid medications work. Iodine in high doses can trigger either an overactive or underactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism), depending on your history, which may counteract your antithyroid drug.
Lithium can already slow thyroid function on its own, and adding iodine may amplify that effect. Amiodarone, a heart rhythm medication, contains a lot of iodine itself—combining it with this product might push your iodine levels too high and harm your thyroid.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Atlantic kelp also carries a moderate interaction with thyroid hormone replacement (the medication you'd take if your thyroid is underactive). Because kelp contains iodine, it can interfere with how your body uses that replacement hormone, potentially making it less effective or unpredictable.
Additionally, if you take any of these drugs—antithyroid medications, lithium, amiodarone, or thyroid hormone—your doctor or pharmacist needs to weigh the risk before you start Kelp. Altogether, these interactions span 23 individual medications.
Use the search tool below to check your exact medications, or talk it over with your own healthcare provider before starting.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Kelp?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Kelp interact with 23 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
2 of the 2 ingredients in Kelp interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Atlantic Kelp Iodine
AmiodaroneCordarone, Pacerone
How Amiodarone interacts with Kelp — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IodineAmiodarone (cordarone) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Combining iodine with amiodarone might cause excessively high iodine levels.
Read the full Iodine + Amiodarone interactionAtlantic KelpAmiodarone (cordarone) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, combining Ascophyllum nodosum with amiodarone might cause excessively high iodine levels.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Amiodarone interactionCarbimazoleNeo-Mercazole
How Carbimazole interacts with Kelp — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IodineAntithyroid Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Iodine might alter the effects of antithyroid drugs.
Read the full Iodine + Carbimazole interactionAtlantic KelpAntithyroid Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of antithyroid drugs.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Carbimazole interactionConjugated EstrogensCenestin, Enjuvia, Premarin, Premarin Vaginal Cream
How Conjugated Estrogens interacts with Kelp — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Atlantic KelpThyroid Hormone Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Conjugated Estrogens interactionDesiccated Thyroid ExtractWesthroid, WP Thyroid
How Desiccated Thyroid Extract interacts with Kelp — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Atlantic KelpThyroid Hormone Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Desiccated Thyroid Extract interactionDesiccated Thyroid Extract (prescription Drug)Nature-Throid, Thyrar
How Desiccated Thyroid Extract (prescription Drug) interacts with Kelp — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Atlantic KelpThyroid Hormone Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Desiccated Thyroid Extract (prescription Drug) interactionDextrothyroxineCholoxin
How Dextrothyroxine interacts with Kelp — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Atlantic KelpThyroid Hormone Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Dextrothyroxine interactionHuman Chorionic Gonadotropin (hcg)Pregnyl
How Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hcg) interacts with Kelp — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Atlantic KelpThyroid Hormone Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hcg) interactionLevothyroxineEltroxin, Estre, Euthyrox, Levo-T, Levolet, Levothroid +5 more
How Levothyroxine interacts with Kelp — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Atlantic KelpThyroid Hormone Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Levothyroxine interactionLevothyroxine SodiumErmez, Thyquidity, Tirosint-Sol
How Levothyroxine Sodium interacts with Kelp — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Atlantic KelpThyroid Hormone Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Levothyroxine Sodium interactionLevothyroxine, LiothyronineArmour Thyroid
How Levothyroxine, Liothyronine interacts with Kelp — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Atlantic KelpThyroid Hormone Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Levothyroxine, Liothyronine interactionLiothyronineCytomel
How Liothyronine interacts with Kelp — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Atlantic KelpThyroid Hormone Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Liothyronine interactionLiotrixEuthroid 1, Euthroid 1/2, Euthroid 3
How Liotrix interacts with Kelp — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Atlantic KelpThyroid Hormone Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Liotrix interactionLiotrix, T4/t3Euthroid 2
How Liotrix, T4/t3 interacts with Kelp — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Atlantic KelpThyroid Hormone Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Liotrix, T4/t3 interactionLithium Carbonate (prescription Drug)Eskalith, Lithium Carbonate
How Lithium Carbonate (prescription Drug) interacts with Kelp — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IodineLithium Moderate
Interaction Summary
Combining iodine with lithium might have additive hypothyroid effects.
Read the full Iodine + Lithium Carbonate (prescription Drug) interactionMenotropinsMenopur, Repronex
How Menotropins interacts with Kelp — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Atlantic KelpThyroid Hormone Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Menotropins interactionMethenamine MandelateMandelamine, Methimazole
How Methenamine Mandelate interacts with Kelp — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IodineAntithyroid Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Iodine might alter the effects of antithyroid drugs.
Read the full Iodine + Methenamine Mandelate interactionAtlantic KelpAntithyroid Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of antithyroid drugs.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Methenamine Mandelate interactionMethimazoleTapazole
How Methimazole interacts with Kelp — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Atlantic KelpAntithyroid Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of antithyroid drugs.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Methimazole interactionIodineAntithyroid Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Iodine might alter the effects of antithyroid drugs.
Read the full Iodine + Methimazole interactionOspemifeneOsphena
How Ospemifene interacts with Kelp — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Atlantic KelpThyroid Hormone Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Ospemifene interactionPotassium Iodide (prescription Drug)Thyro-Block
How Potassium Iodide (prescription Drug) interacts with Kelp — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IodineAntithyroid Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Iodine might alter the effects of antithyroid drugs.
Read the full Iodine + Potassium Iodide (prescription Drug) interactionAtlantic KelpAntithyroid Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of antithyroid drugs.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Potassium Iodide (prescription Drug) interactionPropylthiouracil, PtuPropylthiouracil
How Propylthiouracil, Ptu interacts with Kelp — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IodineAntithyroid Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Iodine might alter the effects of antithyroid drugs.
Read the full Iodine + Propylthiouracil, Ptu interactionAtlantic KelpAntithyroid Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of antithyroid drugs.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Propylthiouracil, Ptu interactionTestosterone UndecanoateAndriol, Aveed, Jatenzo, Kyzatrex
How Testosterone Undecanoate interacts with Kelp — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Atlantic KelpThyroid Hormone Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Testosterone Undecanoate interactionThyroglobulinProloid
How Thyroglobulin interacts with Kelp — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Atlantic KelpThyroid Hormone Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Thyroglobulin interactionThyroid HormoneEtwon
How Thyroid Hormone interacts with Kelp — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Atlantic KelpThyroid Hormone Moderate
Interaction Summary
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Read the full Atlantic Kelp + Thyroid Hormone interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Kelp with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Atlantic Kelp
Amiodarone (Cordarone)
Theoretically, combining Ascophyllum nodosum with amiodarone might cause excessively high iodine levels.
Ascophyllum nodosum contains iodine, although the bioavailability of iodine from Ascophyllum nodosum is lower than that of potassium iodide. Amiodarone contains 37.3% iodine and can increase iodine levels. Concomitant use might increase the risk of having excessive iodine levels and adversely affecting thyroid function. Monitor thyroid function.
Antithyroid Drugs
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of antithyroid drugs.
Ascophyllum nodosum contains iodine, although the bioavailability of iodine from Ascophyllum nodosum is lower than that of potassium iodide. Iodine in high doses has been reported to cause both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, depending on the individual's past medical history. Taking Ascophyllum nodosum while using antithyroid drugs could alter the effects of the antithyroid drugs.
Thyroid Hormone
Due to its iodine content, Ascophyllum nodosum might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Ascophyllum nodosum contains iodine, although the bioavailability of iodine from Ascophyllum nodosum is lower than that of potassium iodide. Iodine in high doses has been reported to cause both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, depending on the individual's past medical history. Taking Ascophyllum nodosum while using thyroid hormone could alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Iodine
Amiodarone (Cordarone)
Combining iodine with amiodarone might cause excessively high iodine levels.
Amiodarone contains 37.3% iodine and can increase iodine levels. Concomitant use with iodine might increase the risk of having excessive iodine levels and adversely affecting thyroid function. Monitor thyroid function.
Antithyroid Drugs
Iodine might alter the effects of antithyroid drugs.
Iodine in high doses has been reported to cause both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, depending on the individual's past medical history. Taking iodine while using antithyroid drugs could alter the effects of the antithyroid drugs.
Lithium
Combining iodine with lithium might have additive hypothyroid effects.
Lithium can inhibit thyroid function. Several case reports suggest that concomitant use of lithium and potassium iodide can reduce thyroid function in otherwise healthy adults. Monitor thyroid function.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Kelp, from the product label.
Swanson
See all Swanson products- Name
- Swanson Health Products
- City
- Fargo
- State
- ND
- ZipCode
- 58104
- Phone Number
- 1-800-437-4148
- Web Address
- swanson.com
Kelp by Swanson: Common Questions
Does Kelp by Swanson interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Will this help my iodine deficiency?
Is it safe to take if I'm pregnant?
Can I breastfeed while taking this?
What are the most common side effects?
Does Atlantic kelp actually work for any conditions?
Why do I need to be careful with thyroid medications?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Kelp is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Kelp’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Iodine
Interacts with 7 drugsIodine is an essential mineral your body needs to make thyroid hormones, and most people get enough from iodized salt, dairy, and seafood. Supplements help when you are truly deficient, but...
Read the full Iodine monograph → Herb & supplement monographAscophyllum Nodosum
Interacts with 22 drugsAscophyllum nodosum (often sold as bladderwrack or brown seaweed) is a nutrient-rich algae that people use for weight, blood sugar, and thyroid support, but solid human evidence is limited f...
Read the full Ascophyllum Nodosum monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Kelp's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 31 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Iodine 26 references
- McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
- Goodman GA, Rall TW, Nies AS, Taylor P. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed.
- Ghent WR, Eskin BA, Low DA, Hill LP. Iodine replacement in fibrocystic disease of the breast. Can J Surg 1993;36:453-60.
- Potassium iodide for nuclear exposure. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter 2001;17(12):171214.
- Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
- Cabezas C, Bustamante B, Holgado W, Begue RE. Treatment of cutaneous sporotrichosis with one daily dose of potassium iodide. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1996;15:352-4. PubMed
- Sterling JB, Heymann WR. Potassium iodide in dermatology: a 19th century drug for the 21st century-uses, pharmacology, adverse effects, and contraindications. J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;43:691-7. PubMed
- Yarrington CD, Pearce EN. Dietary iodine in pregnancy and postpartum. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2011;54:459-70. PubMed
- Goel, S., Mandhani, A., Srivastava, A., Kapoor, R., Gogoi, S., Kumar, A., and Bhandari, M. Is povidone iodine an alternative to silver nitrate for renal pelvic instillation sclerotherapy in chyluria? BJU.Int 2004;94(7):1082-1085. PubMed
- Teng, W., Shan, Z., Teng, X., Guan, H., Li, Y., Teng, D., Jin, Y., Yu, X., Fan, C., Chong, W., Yang, F., Dai, H., Yu, Y., Li, J., Chen, Y., Zhao, D., Shi, X., Hu, F., Mao, J., Gu, X., Yang, R., Tong, Y., Wang, W., Gao, T., and Li, C. Effect of iodine int
- Crawford, B. A., Cowell, C. T., Emder, P. J., Learoyd, D. L., Chua, E. L., Sinn, J., and Jack, M. M. Iodine toxicity from soy milk and seaweed ingestion is associated with serious thyroid dysfunction. Med J Aust. 10-4-2010;193(7):413-415. PubMed
- Ohkuma, M. Molluscum contagiosum treated with iodine solution and salicylic acid plaster. Int J Dermatol. 1990;29(6):443-445. PubMed
- Connelly KJ, Boston BA, Pearce EN, Sesser D, Snyder D, Braverman LE, Pino S, LaFranchi SH. Congenital hypothyroidism caused by excess prenatal maternal iodine ingestion. J Pediatr. 2012 Oct;161(4):760-2. PubMed
- Kasahara T, Narumi S, Okasora K, Takaya R, Tamai H, Hasegawa T. Delayed onset congenital hypothyroidism in a patient with DUOX2 mutations and maternal iodine excess. Am J Med Genet A. 2013 Jan;161A(1):214-7.
- Murcia M, Rebagliato M, Iñiguez C, Lopez-Espinosa MJ, Estarlich M, Plaza B, Barona-Vilar C, Espada M, Vioque J, Ballester F. Effect of iodine supplementation during pregnancy on infant neurodevelopment at 1 year of age. Am J Epidemiol. 2011 Apr 1;173(7):8 PubMed
- Sang Z, Wang PP, Yao Z, Shen J, Halfyard B, Tan L, Zhao N, Wu Y, Gao S, Tan J, Liu J, Chen Z, Zhang W. Exploration of the safe upper level of iodine intake in euthyroid Chinese adults: a randomized double-blind trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Feb;95(2):367-73 PubMed
- Speeckaert MM, Speeckaert R, Wierckx K, Delanghe JR, Kaufman JM. Value and pitfalls in iodine fortification and supplementation in the 21st century. Br J Nutr. 2011 Oct;106(7):964-73. PubMed
- Yun SE, Kang Y, Bae EJ, Hwang K, Jang HN, Cho HS, Chang SH, Park DJ. Iodine-induced thyrotoxic hypokalemic paralysis after ingestion of Salicornia herbace. Ren Fail. 2014 Apr;36(3):461-3.
- Iodine Hypersensitivity. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter 2011; 27(5):270504.
- Hammel JA, Selby JC. Pustular eruption in a patient with cancer treated with complementary and alternative medicine. JAMA Dermatology 2017 October; E1. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2017.3749. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed
- Gil GS, Smith BW, Guerra JR, Williams WT. Acute Delirium in a Hypothyroid Patient Precipitated by Iodine Supplements Use. Am J Ther. 2018;25(6):e717-e718. PubMed
- Hamby T, Kunnel N, Dallas JS, Wilson DP. Maternal iodine excess: an uncommon cause of acquired neonatal hypothyroidism. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2018;31(9):1061-1064. PubMed
- Censi S, Watutantrige-Fernando S, Groccia G, et al. The Effects of Iodine Supplementation in Pregnancy on Iodine Status, Thyroglobulin Levels and Thyroid Function Parameters: Results from a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial in a Mild-to-Moderate Iodine
- Rovner MS, Wolf BJ, Rubin M, et al. Instillation of 5% Povidone-Iodine Ophthalmic Drops Decreases the Respiratory Rate in Children Undergoing Strabismus Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2019;56(6):378-382. PubMed
- Guenezan J, Garcia M, Strasters D, et al. Povidone Iodine Mouthwash, Gargle, and Nasal Spray to Reduce Nasopharyngeal Viral Load in Patients With COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2021;147(4):400-401. PubMed
- Li F, Wan S, Zhang L, et al. A Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Iodine Excess on the Intellectual Development of Children in Areas with High Iodine Levels in their Drinking Water. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022;200(4):1580-1590. PubMed
Ascophyllum Nodosum 5 references
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