LC-W Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by Pure Herbs
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking LC-W against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
LC-W is a dietary supplement by Pure Herbs with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for psoriasis (topical), eczema and other skin conditions, digestive upset.Based on those ingredients, 2,155 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Marshmallow Root Extract, Oregon Grape Root Extract, Mullein Leaf Extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against LC-W by Pure Herbs
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with LC-W by Pure Herbs — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of LC-W by Pure Herbs
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Pure Herbs LC-W is a liquid blend containing five active herbal ingredients. The product includes Oregon Grape Root Extract, Mullein Leaf Extract, Marshmallow Root Extract, Blue Flag Root Extract, and Stillingia Root Extract (also called Queen's Delight).
The first ingredient is listed as a proprietary blend, meaning the exact amounts of each herb aren't disclosed on the label. There are no other inactive ingredients listed.
Does it work?
Not established
The evidence for these ingredients is limited. Oregon Grape Root Extract is possibly effective for psoriasis, but for conditions like eczema and GERD, the evidence isn't established enough to rate it.
Mullein Leaf Extract, Marshmallow Root Extract, and Blue Flag Root Extract all lack reliable evidence for the conditions they're traditionally used for — asthma, cough, respiratory infections, and others. Stillingia Root Extract has no effectiveness ratings in our data.
If you're considering this product for a specific health goal, the science doesn't yet support its use.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Oral use of these herbs hasn't been studied extensively in humans, so caution is warranted. Oregon Grape and Blue Flag are traditionally used topically and may be better tolerated that way; oral use carries more uncertainty.
Stillingia Root Extract contains irritant compounds and has little modern safety data, so it should be used cautiously and ideally under professional guidance. Topically, Oregon Grape may cause itching, burning, or skin irritation in some people.
Blue Flag can cause nausea, vomiting, and throat irritation, and the fresh root is especially irritating. Stillingia can cause vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, and in large amounts, burning in the mouth and throat, skin eruptions, cough, and fatigue.
Meds to double-check
Major interaction found
Before taking this product, double-check digoxin (Lanoxin) — a Major interaction — and also warfarin (Coumadin), antidiabetes drugs, blood pressure medications, blood thinners (anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs), lithium, diuretics, CYP2D6 substrates, CYP2C9 substrates, CYP3A4 substrates, and cyclosporine. All of these carry Moderate or Minor concerns with one or more of the herbs we could analyze.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
This product carries significant interactions with heart medications, blood thinners, blood pressure drugs, diabetes medications, and lithium — so if you take any prescription medication, check it against the list on this page before starting. The evidence for what these herbs do is sparse.
Talk with your pharmacist or doctor before using it, especially if you're on any regular medications.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 5 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Nov 22, 2022.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about LC-W, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Pure Herbs |
|---|---|
| Net contents | 1 Fluid Ounce(s); 30 mL |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Nov 22, 2022 |
| DSLD ID | 279948 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Liquid |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years), Women (not pregnant or lactating) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for LC-W by Pure Herbs, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Proprietary Blend | 1897 mg | -- |
| Oregon Grape Root Extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Mullein Leaf Extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Marshmallow Root Extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Blue Flag Root Extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Stillingia root extract | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: None
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Directions: For adults, mix 2 mL (abt. 1/2 tsp) of extract in 2 fl. oz (60 mL) water one time daily preferably with a meal.
Shake well before use
Formulation
Supports a healthy lymphatic and circulatory system.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
Precautions
Warning: Not intended for use by pregnant or nursing women. If you have a medical condition or are taking medication, consult your doctor prior to use.
Discontinue use and consult with your doctor if any adverse reactions occur.
Keep out of reach of children
Brand IP Statement(s)
Pure Herbs, Ltd. Natural Herbal Extracts
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
General Statements
"No expense has been spared to provide the finest nature has to offer."
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
LC-W by Pure Herbs label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in LC-W by Pure Herbs
These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size2 mL Dosage formLiquid Servings per container15 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Proprietary Blend
Other (inactive) ingredients: None. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
LC-W by Pure Herbs Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Pure Herbs LC-W contains five herbal ingredients, and several of them do interact with medications.
The most serious interaction we have on file is with digoxin (Lanoxin, a heart rhythm medication): Blue Flag Root Extract may increase the risk of adverse effects from this drug, and that's a Major-level concern. You'll want to avoid this product if you take digoxin.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Oregon Grape Root Extract carries Moderate interactions with blood thinners (anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs) — it may raise your bleeding risk — and with blood pressure medications, where it could lower your pressure further. It also interacts with drugs metabolized by your liver's CYP2D6, CYP2C9, and CYP3A4 pathways (a wide range of common medications), potentially raising their blood levels.
Additionally, Oregon Grape may increase the risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) with diabetes drugs and can affect how cyclosporine (an immunosuppressant) works in your body.
Marshmallow Root Extract has a Moderate interaction with lithium (a mood stabilizer) — it may increase lithium levels and risk toxicity — and Minor interactions with oral medications in general (the mucilage in it might interfere with absorption; spacing doses 30–60 minutes apart can help) and blood thinners. Mullein Leaf Extract and Blue Flag Root Extract also carry Minor and Moderate interactions with blood thinners, respectively.
Blue Flag additionally interacts with diuretics (water pills), where overuse could compound potassium loss, and with warfarin (Coumadin), where it could increase bleeding risk.
We could not check Stillingia Root Extract for interactions — we hold no interaction data for it. Altogether, these interactions span 2,136 individual medications.
Please check your exact medications with the tool on this page before starting this product.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against LC-W?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in LC-W interact with 2,155 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
4 of the 5 ingredients in LC-W interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Marshmallow Root Extract Oregon Grape Root Extract Mullein Leaf Extract Blue Flag Root Extract
DigoxinDigitek, Lanoxicaps, Lanoxin
How Digoxin interacts with LC-W — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Blue Flag Root ExtractDigoxin (lanoxin) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, overuse or abuse of this product increases the risk of adverse effects from cardiac glycoside drugs.
Read the full Blue Flag Root Extract + Digoxin interactionOregon Grape Root ExtractP-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs that are P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates.
Read the full Oregon Grape Root Extract + Digoxin interactionMarshmallow Root ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Root Extract + Digoxin interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in LC-W with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Marshmallow Root Extract
Lithium
Theoretically, due to potential diuretic effects, marshmallow might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Marshmallow is thought to have diuretic properties. To avoid lithium toxicity, the dose of lithium might need to be decreased when used with marshmallow.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, marshmallow flower might have antiplatelet effects.
Animal research suggests that marshmallow flower extract has antiplatelet effects. However, the root and leaf of marshmallow, not the flower, are the plant parts most commonly found in dietary supplements. Theoretically, use of marshmallow flower with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs can have additive effects, and might increase the risk for bleeding in some patients.
Oral Drugs
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Marshmallow contains mucilage which can affect oral drug absorption. To avoid changes in absorption, take marshmallow 30-60 minutes after oral medications.
Oregon Grape Root Extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro and in vivo research suggests that berberine, a constituent of Oregon grape, can inhibit platelet aggregation.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Clinical research suggests that berberine, a constituent of Oregon grape, can lower blood glucose levels.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Animal research suggests that berberine, a constituent of Oregon grape, can have hypotensive effects. Also, an analysis of clinical evidence suggests that taking berberine in combination with amlodipine (Norvasc) can lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure when compared with taking amlodipine alone.
Cns Depressants
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Animal research suggests that berberine, a constituent of Oregon grape, can have sedative effects.
Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the effects and adverse effects of cyclosporine.
Berberine, a constituent of Oregon grape, can reduce metabolism of cyclosporine and increase serum levels. It might inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), which metabolizes cyclosporine.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
Preliminary clinical evidence suggests that berberine, a constituent of Oregon grape, can inhibit cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9).
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research and preliminary clinical evidence suggest that berberine, a constituent of Oregon grape, can inhibit cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6).
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research and preliminary clinical evidence suggest that berberine, a constituent of Oregon grape, moderately inhibits cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs that are P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates.
In vitro research suggests that Oregon grape extracts inhibit P-gp efflux.
Mullein Leaf Extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Lab tests on extracts from different parts of common and dense-flowered mullein plants show that they do have some blood-thinning effects, as they increase the time it takes for blood to clot. This is likely due to at least one of the known constituents of muellein, triterpenoid saponins. However, the effects appear to be mild and results have been inconsistent. Extracts from different plant parts have been show to have varying anticoagulant strengths, with water-based ones being more potent than alcohol-based extracts.
Blue Flag Root Extract
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
Theoretically, overuse or abuse of this product increases the risk of adverse effects from cardiac glycoside drugs.
Diuretic Drugs
Overuse of blue flag might compound diuretic-induced potassium loss. There is some concern that people taking blue flag along with potassium depleting diuretics might have an increased risk for hypokalemia. Initiation of potassium supplementation or an increase in potassium supplement dose may be necessary for some patients. Some diuretics that can deplete potassium include chlorothiazide (Diuril), chlorthalidone (Thalitone), furosemide (Lasix), hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, Hydrodiuril, Microzide), and others.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Blue flag has stimulant laxative effects. In some people blue flag can cause diarrhea. Diarrhea can increase the effects of warfarin, increase international normalized ratio (INR), and increase the risk of bleeding. Advise patients who take warfarin not to take excessive amounts of blue flag.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for LC-W, from the product label.
Pure Herbs
See all Pure Herbs products- Name
- Pure Herbs, Ltd.
- City
- Sterling Heights
- State
- MI
- Phone Number
- (800) 860-4372
- Web Address
- www.pureherbs.com
LC-W by Pure Herbs: Common Questions
Does LC-W by Pure Herbs interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Can I take this while pregnant or breastfeeding?
What is Oregon Grape Root used for?
Could this product cause side effects?
Why does this blend have a proprietary formula?
Is this safe to take with oral medications in general?
What is Stillingia (Queen's Delight) used for?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if LC-W is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind LC-W’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Oregon Grape
Interacts with 1,218 drugsOregon grape is a shrub whose root contains berberine and related compounds. The strongest (though still modest) evidence is for topical creams that may slightly ease psoriasis; evidence for...
Read the full Oregon Grape monograph → Herb & supplement monographMullein
Interacts with 122 drugsMullein is a traditional herbal remedy most often used as a tea or syrup to soothe coughs, sore throats, and respiratory irritation. High-quality human studies are lacking, so its benefits a...
Read the full Mullein monograph → Herb & supplement monographMarshmallow
Interacts with 2,040 drugsMarshmallow root is a traditional herb rich in soothing, gel-like fibers called mucilage, which is why it has long been used for coughs, sore throats, and stomach irritation. Evidence for th...
Read the full Marshmallow monograph → Herb & supplement monographBlue Flag
Interacts with 78 drugsBlue Flag is a flowering plant whose root has been used in traditional and herbal medicine for skin and digestive complaints, but there is very little modern scientific evidence to support t...
Read the full Blue Flag monograph → Herb & supplement monographQueen's Delight
Queen's Delight (Stillingia sylvatica) is a traditional North American herb once used as a 'blood purifier' and for skin and throat problems. There is very little modern scientific evidence...
Read the full Queen's Delight monograph →Sources & How We Checked
LC-W's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 35 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Oregon Grape 21 references
- Wiesenauer M, Lydtke R. Mahonia aquifolium in patients with Psoriasis vulgaris; an intraindividual study. Phytomedicine 1996;3:231-5.
- Chan E. Displacement of bilirubin from albumin by berberine. Biol Neonate 1993;63:201-8. PubMed
- Janbaz KH, Gilani AH. Studies on preventive and curative effects of berberine on chemical-induced hepatotoxicity in rodents. Fitoterapia 2000;71:25-33.. PubMed
- Wu X, Li Q, Xin H, Yu A, Zhong M. Effects of berberine on the blood concentration of cyclosporin A in renal transplanted recipients: clinical and pharmacokinetic study. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2005;61:567-72. PubMed
- Gulliver WP, Donsky HJ. A report on three recent clinical trials using Mahonia aquifolium 10% topical cream and a review of the worldwide clinical experience with Mahonia aquifolium for the treatment of plaque psoriasis. Am J Ther 2005;12:398-406. PubMed
- Zhang Y, Li X, Zou D, et al. Treatment of type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia with the natural plant alkaloid berberine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93:2559-65. PubMed
- Budzinski JW, Foster BC, Vandenhoek S, Arnason JT. An in vitro evaluation of human cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibition by selected commercial herbal extracts and tinctures. Phytomedicine 2000;7:273-82. PubMed
- Chatterjee P, Franklin MR. Human cytochrome p450 inhibition and metabolic-intermediate complex formation by goldenseal extract and its methylenedioxyphenyl components. Drug Metab Dispos 2003;31:1391-7. PubMed
- Shanbhag, S. M., Kulkarni, H. J., and Gaitonde, B. B. Pharmacological actions of berberine on the central nervous system. Jpn.J Pharmacol 1970;20(4):482-487. PubMed
- Wu, J. F. and Liu, T. P. [Effects of berberine on platelet aggregation and plasma levels of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in rats with reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion]. Yao Xue.Xue.Bao. 1995;30(2):98-102.
- Peng, W. H., Hsieh, M. T., and Wu, C. R. Effect of long-term administration of berberine on scopolamine-induced amnesia in rats. Jpn J Pharmacol 1997;74(3):261-266. DOI
- Sabir M and Bhide NK. Study of some pharmacological actions of berberine. Ind J Physiol & Pharmac 1971;15(3):111-132.
- Tripathi YB and Shukla SD. Berberis artistata inhibits PAF induced aggregation of rabbit platelets. Phytotherapy Research 1996;10:628-630.
- Yin, J., Xing, H., and Ye, J. Efficacy of berberine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 2008;57(5):712-717. PubMed
- Zhang, H., Wei, J., Xue, R., Wu, J. D., Zhao, W., Wang, Z. Z., Wang, S. K., Zhou, Z. X., Song, D. Q., Wang, Y. M., Pan, H. N., Kong, W. J., and Jiang, J. D. Berberine lowers blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients through increasing insulin re
- Guo, Y., Chen, Y., Tan, Z. R., Klaassen, C. D., and Zhou, H. H. Repeated administration of berberine inhibits cytochromes P450 in humans. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2012;68(2):213-217. PubMed
- Wei, W., Zhao, H., Wang, A., Sui, M., Liang, K., Deng, H., Ma, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, H., and Guan, Y. A clinical study on the short-term effect of berberine in comparison to metformin on the metabolic characteristics of women with polycystic ovary syndro
- Hermann, R. and von, Richter O. Clinical evidence of herbal drugs as perpetrators of pharmacokinetic drug interactions. Planta Med 2012;78(13):1458-1477. PubMed
- Chun YT, Yip TT, Lau KL, and et al. A biochemical study on the hypotensive effect of berberine in rats. Gen Pharmac 1979;10:177-182. PubMed
- Lan J, Zhao Y, Dong F, et al. Meta-analysis of the effect and safety of berberine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipemia and hypertension. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015;161:69-81. PubMed
- Fan Y, Zhou Z, Zhang L. Effect of Oregon grape root extracts on P-glycoprotein mediated transport in in vitro cell lines. J Pharm Pharm Sci 2024;26:11927. PubMed
Mullein 2 references
- Castro AI, Carmona JB, Gonzales FG, Nestar OB. Occupational airborne dermatitis from gordolobo (Verbascum densiflorum). Contact Dermatitis 2006;55(5):301.
- Flores Echaiz C, Al Ali A, Cao AQ, Sasseville D. Simultaneous contact dermatitis caused by Asteraceae and Verbascum thapsus. Contact Dermatitis 2017;76(5):316-8.
Marshmallow 5 references
- Monographs on the medicinal uses of plant drugs. Exeter, UK: European Scientific Co-op Phytother, 1997.
- Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
- Hage-Sleiman R, Mroueh M, Daher CF. Pharmacological evaluation of aqueous extract of Althaea officinalis flower grown in Lebanon. Pharm Biol 2011;49(3):327-33.
Blue Flag 3 references
- Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
Queen's Delight 4 references
- Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC