Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Organic Gripe Water Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Wellements

Organic Gripe Water label
See full label image
Liquid Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 9, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Organic Gripe Water against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Organic Gripe Water is a dietary supplement by Wellements with 2 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for nausea and vomiting, motion sickness, morning sickness in pregnancy.Based on those ingredients, 1,015 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are organic Ginger root extract, organic Fennel seed extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Organic Gripe Water by Wellements

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Organic Gripe Water by Wellements — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Organic Gripe Water by Wellements

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Aug 27, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 2 of its 2 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

This product contains 2 active ingredients: organic ginger root extract and organic fennel seed extract. Both are traditional botanicals used for infant digestive comfort.

The remaining ingredients are inactives—water, agave nectar, lemon juice concentrate and powder, glycerin, sodium bicarbonate, and chamomile flower extract—that serve as sweetener, flavoring, and buffer.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: ease occasional stomach discomfort and gas.
  • We looked for evidence on: Colic, Dyspepsia, Flatulence, Nausea and vomiting, infant digestive comfort, hiccups.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Ginger is rated "Possibly Effective" for Pregnancy-induced nausea and vomiting (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Ginger is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV).
  • Also on file: Fennel is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Dyspepsia, Flatulence, Nausea and vomiting, Colic.

For ginger: the evidence rates it possibly effective for pregnancy-related nausea and vomiting, dysmenorrhea (period pain), and osteoarthritis, but possibly ineffective for exercise-induced muscle soreness and chemotherapy-induced nausea. For fennel: it's possibly effective for dysmenorrhea, but evidence for anxiety, bronchitis, nocturnal enuresis, and cholera is insufficient to rate.

Neither ingredient has established effectiveness data specifically for infant colic or gripe in our data.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Ginger Fennel

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 2 of the 2 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 2 of 2.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 2 of 2.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Ginger is generally well tolerated in typical food and supplement amounts for most healthy adults, though doses above 5 grams per day increase the risk of side effects. Common mild effects are abdominal discomfort, burping, diarrhea, heartburn, and a pepper-like sensation in the mouth.

Fennel is also well tolerated as a food, but concentrated supplements need more caution. Both ingredients carry pregnancy and lactation considerations: ginger is rated likely or possibly safe in pregnancy and likely safe while breastfeeding, but fennel is rated possibly unsafe in both pregnancy and lactation due to limited data and hormone-like effects—discuss with your doctor before using if you're pregnant or nursing.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Ginger Fennel

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 2 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Fennel, Ginger.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 1,016 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before using this product, check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (like warfarin, phenprocoumon, or aspirin)—ginger and fennel both raise bleeding risk. Also double-check if you use birth control pills, hormone replacement therapy, antidiabetes drugs, heart medications like nifedipine or losartan, the antibiotic ciprofloxacin, cancer drugs like tamoxifen, or any medications metabolized by the liver—both ingredients can alter how these drugs work.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This is a traditional remedy for infant digestive upset, but because it contains ginger and fennel—both of which interact with over a thousand medications and affect hormone and bleeding risk—you should check it against any medications you or your infant may take before starting. If you're pregnant or breastfeeding and considering this product, talk with your doctor or pharmacist first, especially given fennel's limited safety data in those periods.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 2 of 2 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Nov 21, 2018.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Organic Gripe Water, straight from the product label.

Brand Wellements
Barcode (UPC) 729609019656
Net contents 4 fl. Oz.; 120 mL
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Nov 21, 2018
DSLD ID 183119
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegan, Vegetarian, Kosher, Organic, Infants/Baby (0 - 1 Year), Gluten Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Organic Gripe Water by Wellements, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Infants
Minimum serving Sizes:
0.5 tsp
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 tsp
Servings per container
24
UPC/BARCODE
729609019656
IngredientAmount% DV
organic Ginger root extract2.5 mg--
organic Fennel seed extract2 mg--

Other ingredients: Water, organic Agave Nectar, organic Lemon juice (fruit) concentrate, organic Glycerin, organic Lemon juice (fruit) powder, Sodium Bicarbonate, organic Chamomile flower extract

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

Wellements Organic Gripe Water is an herbal supplement that safely and effectively helps to ease occasional stomach discomfort and gas often associated with fussiness & hiccups.

Relieves occasional stomach discomfort from gas, fussiness & hiccups

We are parents too! That's why we've created safe, high-quality products that are consistent with our belief that ingredients really do matter.

You can rest easy knowing we've done the worrying for you because we know good products don't need bad ingredients.

Storage

We are proud to say our product requires refrigeration after opening because it is free from unnecessary preservatives - just the way nature designed and the way it should be for your little one!

Refrigerate after opening.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: Shake well. Some sediment is normal. May be taken directly using dispenser provided up to 6 times in a 24-hour period. Wash and dry dispenser thoroughly after each use. Discard four weeks after opening.

Suggested use: Babies 0 to 1 month of age: 1/2 tsp. (2.5 ml) Infants 1 to 6 months of age: 1 tsp. (5 ml) Children 6 months and older: 2 tsp. (10 ml)

Formulation

Free from gluten, dairy, soy, dyes, parabens, alcohol, artificial colors or flavors and unnecessary preservatives

Certified Vegan Vegan.org

Non GMO

Certified Organic by Organic Certifiers US-ORG043

The best part is, we use organic ingredients whenever possible, and leave out all of the unnecessary preservatives, dyes, chemicals and additives.

No gluten, dairy or soy No dyes, parabens or alcohol No artificial colors or flavors No unnecessary preservatives

Free from dyes, parabens, alcohol and unnecessary preservatives

Seals/Symbols

Organic Certifiers Gluten free Certified Vegan Vegan.org CRC Kosher 228 Non GMO Project Verified Nongmoproject.org

USDA Organic

Formula

CRC Kosher 228

Newborn+

General

V051018

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Precautions

Warnings: Keep this and all supplements out of the reach of children.

Do not exceed dosage.

Do not give to child if they are allergic to any of the ingredients. Since infants and children have immature immune systems a possibility exists that a rare allergic reaction may occur.

Do not give to child if they are allergic to any of the ingredients. Since infants and children have immature immune systems a possibility exists that a rare allergic reaction may occur. Always consult your health care provider prior to giving this or any supplement to an infant.

Tamper evident: Do not use if the safety seal is broken or missing.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Organic Gripe Water by Wellements label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Organic Gripe Water label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Organic Gripe Water by Wellements

These are the 2 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size0.5 tsp Dosage formLiquid Servings per container24 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Organic Ginger root extract

Interacts with
1,007 drugs
2.5 mg per serving

Ginger is a widely used culinary spice with a long history in traditional medicine, and it has the strongest evidence for helping with nausea and vomi...

Organic Ginger root extract monograph & interactions

Organic Fennel seed extract

Interacts with
740 drugs
2 mg per serving

Fennel is a Mediterranean herb widely used as a food and spice, and traditionally taken for digestive complaints, colic, and menstrual cramps. Some sm...

Organic Fennel seed extract monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Water, Organic Agave Nectar, Organic Lemon juice (fruit) concentrate, Organic Glycerin, Organic Lemon juice (fruit) powder, Sodium Bicarbonate, Organic Chamomile flower extract. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Organic Gripe Water by Wellements Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Organic Gripe Water?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,015Drugs
882 Moderate 133 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

organic Ginger root extract 1,007
organic Fennel seed extract 740

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Organic Gripe Water interact with 1,015 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 2 ingredients in Organic Gripe Water interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. organic Ginger root extract organic Fennel seed extract

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Organic Gripe Water with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

organic Ginger root extract14 drug types · 1,007 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs. However, research is conflicting.
Laboratory research suggests that ginger inhibits thromboxane synthetase and decreases platelet aggregation. However, this has not been demonstrated unequivocally in humans, with mixed results from clinical trials. Theoretically, excessive amounts of ginger might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, taking ginger with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Animal and human research suggests that ginger might increase insulin levels and/or decrease blood glucose levels.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Ginger might increase or decrease the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research and some case reports suggest that ginger inhibits CYP3A4 activity. Three case reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) adverse drug reaction database describe increased toxicity in patients taking ginger and cancer medications that are CYP3A4 substrates (imatinib, dabrafenib, and crizotinib). However, the causality of this interaction is unclear due to the presence of multiple interacting drugs and routes of administration.
Conversely, other in vitro research suggests that ginger induces CYP3A4 activity, leading to reduced levels of CYP3A4 substrates. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Losartan (Cozaar)

Theoretically, ginger might increase levels of losartan and the risk of hypotension.
In animal research, ginger increased the levels and hypotensive effects of a single dose of losartan. It is not clear if ginger alters the concentration or effects of losartan when taken continuously. Additionally, this interaction has not been shown in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Nifedipine (Procardia)

Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and increase the risk of bleeding if used with nifedipine.
Clinical research shows that combined treatment with ginger 1 gram plus nifedipine 10 mg significantly inhibits platelet aggregation when compared to nifedipine or ginger alone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
P-Glycoprotein Substrates

Ginger might increase the absorption and blood levels of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates.
In vitro research and case reports suggest that ginger inhibits drug efflux by P-gp, potentially increasing absorption and serum levels of P-gp substrates. Two case reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) adverse drug reaction database describe increased toxicity in patients taking ginger and cancer medications that are P-gp substrates (trametinib, crizotinib). However, the causality of this interaction is unclear due to the presence of multiple interacting drugs and routes of administration.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Phenprocoumon (Marcoumar, Others)

Ginger might increase the risk of bleeding with phenprocoumon.
Phenprocoumon, a warfarin-related anticoagulant, might increase the international normalized ratio (INR) when taken with ginger. There is one case report of a 76-year-old woman with a stable INR on phenprocoumon that increased to greater than 10 when she began consuming dried ginger and ginger tea.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Ginger might increase the risk of bleeding with warfarin.
Laboratory research suggests that ginger might inhibit thromboxane synthetase and decrease platelet aggregation. In one case report, ginger increased the INR when taken with phenprocoumon, which has similar pharmacological effects as warfarin. In another case report, ginger increased the INR when taken with a combination of warfarin, hydrochlorothiazide, and acetaminophen. A longitudinal analysis suggests that taking ginger increases the risk of bleeding in patients taking warfarin for at least 4 months. However, research in healthy people suggests that ginger has no effect on INR, or the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of warfarin. Until more is known, monitor INRs closely in patients taking large amounts of ginger.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Calcium Channel Blockers

Theoretically, taking ginger with calcium channel blockers might increase the risk of hypotension.
Some animal and in vitro research suggests that ginger has hypotensive and calcium channel-blocking effects. Another animal study shows that concomitant administration of ginger and the calcium channel blocker amlodipine leads to greater reductions in blood pressure when compared with amlodipine alone.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)

Theoretically, when taken prior to cyclosporine, ginger might decrease cyclosporine levels.
In an animal model, ginger juice taken 2 hours prior to cyclosporine administration reduced the maximum concentration and area under the curve of cyclosporine by 51% and 40%, respectively. This effect was not observed when ginger juice and cyclosporine were administered at the same time.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, ginger might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that ginger inhibits CYP1A2 activity. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (Cyp2B6) Substrates

Theoretically, ginger might increase the levels of CYP2B6 substrates.
In vitro research shows that ginger inhibits CYP2B6 activity. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, ginger might increase the levels of CYP2C9 substrates.
In vitro research shows that ginger inhibits CYP2C9 activity. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Metronidazole (Flagyl)

Theoretically, ginger might increase levels of metronidazole.
In an animal model, ginger increased the absorption and plasma half-life of metronidazole. In addition, the elimination rate and clearance of metronidazole was significantly reduced.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
organic Ginger root extract full monograph & interactions

organic Fennel seed extract6 drug types · 740 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.

Animal research suggests that fennel oil has antithrombotic and antiplatelet effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

Theoretically, fennel might decrease the levels and clinical effects of ciprofloxacin.

Animal research shows that fennel reduces ciprofloxacin bioavailability by nearly 50%, possibly due to the metal cations such as calcium, iron, and magnesium contained in fennel. This study also found that fennel increased tissue distribution and slowed elimination of ciprofloxacin.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Contraceptive Drugs

Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might decrease the effects of contraceptive drugs due to competition for estrogen receptors.

Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.

In vitro research suggests that fennel inhibits CYP3A4 enzyme activity. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might interfere with hormone replacement therapy due to competition for estrogen receptors.

Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)

Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might decrease the antiestrogenic effect of tamoxifen.

Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity, which may interfere with the antiestrogenic activity of tamoxifen.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
organic Fennel seed extract full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Organic Gripe Water, from the product label.

Wellements

See all Wellements products
Name
Wellements
Street Address
6263 N. Scottsdale Rd., Suite 125
City
Scottsdale
State
AZ
ZipCode
85250
Phone Number
800-255-2690
Web Address
wellements.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Organic Gripe Water by Wellements: Common Questions

Does Organic Gripe Water by Wellements interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Organic Gripe Water has a known interaction with 1,015 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Organic Gripe Water contains 2 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is it safe to give this to my baby if I'm breastfeeding?
Ginger is rated likely safe while breastfeeding, but fennel is rated possibly unsafe due to limited data and hormone-like effects it contains. Talk with your pediatrician or pharmacist about whether this product is appropriate for your baby and your situation.
What side effects might my baby have from ginger water?
Ginger can cause abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, heartburn, burping, or a peppery sensation in the mouth and throat. Fennel may cause gastrointestinal discomfort or, rarely, allergic reactions. Higher ginger doses (above 5 grams per day) raise the risk of side effects. For an infant, discuss appropriate amounts with your pediatrician.
Can I use this if I take a blood thinner?
No—not without checking with your doctor or pharmacist first. Both ginger and fennel can increase bleeding risk when combined with blood thinners like warfarin or antiplatelet drugs. There's even a case report of ginger raising INR levels in a patient on a similar medication.
Does this product have any fillers or inactive ingredients?
Yes. Beyond the two active extracts, it contains water, agave nectar, lemon juice concentrate and powder, glycerin, sodium bicarbonate, and chamomile flower extract.
Will this help my baby's colic?
Gripe water is traditionally used for infant digestive discomfort, but we don't have effectiveness data for ginger or fennel specifically for colic in our data. Your pediatrician can advise whether it's right for your baby.
Can I take this if I'm on birth control?
Talk with your doctor first. Fennel contains compounds with estrogen-like activity that theoretically could reduce birth control effectiveness if taken in large amounts, though this hasn't been proven in humans.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Organic Gripe Water label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Organic Gripe Water’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Ginger

Interacts with 1,007 drugs

Ginger is a widely used culinary spice with a long history in traditional medicine, and it has the strongest evidence for helping with nausea and vomiting, including from motion sickness, pr...

Read the full Ginger monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Fennel

Interacts with 740 drugs

Fennel is a Mediterranean herb widely used as a food and spice, and traditionally taken for digestive complaints, colic, and menstrual cramps. Some small studies suggest possible benefit for...

Read the full Fennel monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Organic Gripe Water's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 81 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Ginger 64 references
  1. Fischer-Rasmussen W, Kjaer SK, Dahl C, Asping U. Ginger treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1991;38:19-24. PubMed
  2. Jewell D, Young G. Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000;(2):CD000145. PubMed
  3. Vutyavanich T, Kraisarin T, Ruangsri R. Ginger for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 2001;97:577-82. DOI
  4. Backon J. Ginger in preventing nausea and vomiting of pregnancy; a caveat due to its thromboxane synthetase activity and effect on testosterone binding. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1991;42:163-4. PubMed
  5. Srivastava KC. Effect of onion and ginger consumption on platelet thromboxane production in humans. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1989;35:183-5. PubMed
  6. Stewart JJ, Wood MJ, Wood CD, Mims ME. Effects of ginger on motion sickness susceptibility and gastric function. Pharmacology 1991;42:111-20. PubMed
  7. Smith C, Crowther C, Willson K, et al. A randomized controlled trial of ginger to treat nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2004;103:639-45. PubMed
  8. Portnoi G, Chng LA, Karimi-Tabesh L, et al. Prospective comparative study of the safety and effectiveness of ginger for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003;189:1374-7.. PubMed
  9. Wigler I, Grotto I, Caspi D, Yaron M. The effects of Zintona EC (a ginger extract) on symptomatic gonarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2003;11:783-9. PubMed
  10. Ghayur MN, Gilani AH. Ginger lowers blood pressure through blockade of voltage-dependent calcium channels. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2005;45:74-80. PubMed
  11. Thomson M, Al-Qattan KK, Al-Sawan SM, et al. The use of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) as a potential anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic agent. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2002;67:475-8. PubMed
  12. Kanerva L, Estlander T, Jolanki R. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from spices. Contact Dermatitis 1996;35:157-62. PubMed
  13. Akhani SP, Vishwakarma SL, Goyal RK. Anti-diabetic activity of Zingiber officinale in streptozotocin-induced type I diabetic rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2004;56:101-5.
  14. Kruth P, Brosi E, Fux R, et al. Ginger-associated overanticoagulation by phenprocoumon. Ann Pharmacother 2004;38:257-60. PubMed
  15. Jiang X, Williams KM, Liauw WS, et al. Effect of ginkgo and ginger on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2005;59:425-32. PubMed
  16. Borrelli F, Capasso R, Aviello G, et al. Effectiveness and safety of ginger in the treatment of pregnancy-induced nausea and vomiting. Obstet Gynecol 2005;105:849-56. PubMed
  17. Smith C, Crowther C, Wilson K et al. A randomized controlled trial of ginger to treat nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2004;103:639-45. PubMed
  18. Jiang X, Blair EY, McLachlan AJ. Investigation of the effects of herbal medicines on warfarin response in healthy subjects: a population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling approach. J Clin Pharmacol 2006;46:1370-8. PubMed
  19. Chittumma P, Kaewkiattikun K, Wiriyasiriwach B. Comparison of the effectiveness of ginger and vitamin B6 for treatment of nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy: a randomized double-blind controlled trial. J Med Assoc Thai 2007;90:15-20.
  20. Ozgoli G, Goli M, Moattar F. Comparison of effects of ginger, mefenamic acid, and ibuprofen on pain in women with primary dysmenorrhea. J Altern Complement Med 2009;15:129-32. PubMed
  21. Black CD, Herring MP, Hurley DJ, O'Connor PJ. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) reduces muscle pain caused by eccentric exercise. J Pain 2010;11:894-903. PubMed
  22. Heitmann K, Nordeng H, Holst L. Safety of ginger use in pregnancy: results from a large population-based cohort study. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2012 Jun 17. PubMed
  23. Ryan JL, Heckler CE, Roscoe JA, et al. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) reduces acute chemotherapy-induced nausea: a URCC CCOP study of 576 patients. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20:1479-89. PubMed
  24. Backon J. Ginger as an antiemetic: possible side effects due to its thromboxane synthetase activity. Anaesthesia. 1991;46(8):705-6.. PubMed
  25. Abebe W. Herbal medication: potential for adverse interactions with analgesic drugs. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2002;27:391-401. PubMed
  26. Argento A, Tiraferri E, Marzaloni M. [Oral anticoagulants and medicinal plants. An emerging interaction]. Ann Ital Med Int. 2000;15:139-43.
  27. Young HY, Liao JC, Chang YS, et al. Synergistic effect of ginger and nifedipine on human platelet aggregation: a study in hypertensive patients and normal volunteers. Am J Chin Med. 2006;34:545-51. PubMed
  28. Greenway FL, Liu Z, Martin CK, et al. Safety and efficacy of NT, an herbal supplement, in treating human obesity. Int J Obes (Lond). 2006;30:1737-41. PubMed
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Fennel 17 references
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Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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