Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by Dr. Morse's Cellular Botanicals
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules is a dietary supplement by Dr. Morse's Cellular Botanicals with 8 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for toothache and oral pain, digestive upset, antimicrobial and antifungal.Based on those ingredients, 1,387 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Barberry, Clove, Cat's Claw. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules by Dr. Morse's Cellular Botanicals
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules by Dr. Morse's Cellular Botanicals — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules by Dr. Morse's Cellular Botanicals
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Parasite M contains 8 ingredients in a proprietary blend: clove, thyme, olive leaf extract, fennel, barberry, pau d'arco, black walnut, and cat's claw. These are traditional botanicals sometimes used in herbal practice, though their effectiveness for the product's intended purpose isn't established in the data we hold.
The capsules are vegetarian.
Does it work?
Couldn't assess
The evidence base for these ingredients is sparse. Clove shows possibly effective ratings for ventilator-associated pneumonia (a serious lung infection in hospitalized patients), but insufficient evidence for cough, pain, or indigestion.
Fennel is possibly effective for period pain (dysmenorrhea), but insufficient for bronchitis or anxiety. Thyme, olive leaf extract, barberry, pau d'arco, black walnut, and cat's claw all carry insufficient evidence ratings for the conditions studied — including bronchitis, skin aging, diabetes, wound healing, and cancer.
In short, we don't have reliable evidence that this product works for parasitic or microbial concerns.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Clove as a food spice is well tolerated, but concentrated clove oil is toxic in small amounts — just 5–10 mL can cause serious harm in children. Oral clove can cause liver failure (rare) and CNS depression in infants or with large accidental doses.
Thyme and fennel are safe in food amounts but carry risks at medicinal or essential-oil doses — thyme may cause allergic reactions, diarrhea, or dizziness, and fennel can trigger allergic reactions, gastrointestinal upset, or photosensitivity. Barberry and pau d'arco contain berberine and lapachol respectively; both are likely unsafe in pregnancy and likely unsafe during breastfeeding.
Pau d'arco's active constituent can cause anemia and severe bleeding risk above 1.5 grams daily. Black walnut (nut) is well tolerated, but its leaf, bark, and hull contain tannins that may cause stomach upset or skin irritation; tree nuts are a major food allergen.
Cat's claw is generally well tolerated short-term but rarely has been linked to kidney injury in case reports.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking this product, double-check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take any of these: antidiabetes drugs or insulin (clove may lower blood sugar), blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (clove, thyme, fennel, barberry, pau d'arco, and cat's claw all raise bleeding risk), drugs broken down by CYP3A4, CYP2D6, CYP1A2, or CYP2C9 enzymes (clove, fennel, barberry, and cat's claw may increase drug levels), blood-pressure medications (barberry and cat's claw may increase the effect), estrogen therapy (thyme and fennel may interfere), anticholinergic or cholinergic drugs (thyme and barberry may affect these), sedating drugs (barberry may add sedation), immune-suppressing medications (cat's claw may interfere), calcium channel blockers (cat's claw may increase effect), or nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid — cat's claw may reduce its effectiveness).
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no assessable stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
This product combines herbs with limited or no proven effectiveness for parasitic or microbial conditions. Because it contains clove, fennel, barberry, pau d'arco, and cat's claw — all with significant drug interactions — you should check your exact medications with your doctor or pharmacist before starting it.
It is not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding. If you have diabetes, take blood thinners, blood-pressure medications, or sedating drugs, you especially need to discuss this with your own healthcare provider first.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 8 of 8 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Nov 22, 2023.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Dr. Morse's Cellular Botanicals |
|---|---|
| Net contents | 90 Veggiecap(s); 450 mg each |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Nov 22, 2023 |
| DSLD ID | 302976 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules by Dr. Morse's Cellular Botanicals, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Proprietary Blend | 900 mg | -- |
| Clove | 0 NP | -- |
| Thyme | 0 NP | -- |
| Olive Leaf Extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Fennel | 0 NP | -- |
| Barberry | 0 NP | -- |
| Pau d'Arco | 0 NP | -- |
| Black Walnut | 0 NP | -- |
| Cat's Claw | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Vegetarian Capsules
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation
Support cellular regeneration with our tissue specific formulas! Created with over 45 years of experience and the highest quality ingredients available. Experience health and vitality like never before! Our Formulas are made with Organic, Wildcrafted or Consciously Cultivated Herbs
Made in the USA with global ingredients
Our Formulas are made with Organic, Wildcrafted or Consciously Cultivated Herbs
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested use 2 capsules, 3 times a day.
Precautions
See our website for any precautions.
Keep out of reach of children.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Brand IP Statement(s)
A product of Gods Herbs
Formula
Our Formulas are made with Organic, Wildcrafted or Consciously Cultivated Herbs
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules by Dr. Morse's Cellular Botanicals label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules by Dr. Morse's Cellular Botanicals
These are the 8 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size2 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container45 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Proprietary Blend
- › Clove
- › Thyme
- › Olive Leaf Extract
- › Fennel
- › Barberry
- › Pau d'Arco
- › Black Walnut
- › Cat's Claw
Other (inactive) ingredients: Vegetarian Capsules. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules by Dr. Morse's Cellular Botanicals Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Parasite M by Dr.
Morse's Cellular Botanicals contains several ingredients with documented drug interactions: clove, thyme, fennel, barberry, pau d'arco, and cat's claw. The most serious interaction is a Moderate risk — clove may lower blood sugar levels, raising the risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) when combined with antidiabetes drugs like insulin or oral medications, and blood glucose monitoring may be necessary.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Clove also theoretically inhibits multiple liver enzymes (CYP2D6, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and CYP2C9), which could increase levels of drugs broken down by those pathways, though this hasn't been confirmed in humans. Thyme, fennel, barberry, and cat's claw all interact with blood thinners (anticoagulants/antiplatelet drugs) at Moderate severity — they may raise bleeding risk.
Fennel and barberry each affect CYP3A4 substrates (many common drugs), and barberry also interacts with blood-pressure medications, sedating drugs, diabetes medications, and anticholinergic or cholinergic medications.
Thyme may interfere with estrogen replacement therapy and anticholinergic or cholinergic drugs. Cat's claw interacts with blood-pressure medications, calcium channel blockers, immune-suppressing drugs, and the antiviral nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid).
Pau d'arco increases bleeding risk with blood thinners. Olive leaf extract and black walnut have no interactions documented in our data.
Altogether, these interactions span 1,388 individual medications. Use the medication checker on this page to confirm your exact prescriptions before starting this product.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules interact with 1,387 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
6 of the 8 ingredients in Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Barberry Clove Cat's Claw Fennel Thyme Pau d'Arco
6-mercaptopurinePurinethol
How 6-mercaptopurine interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Cat's ClawImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Cat's Claw + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAdo-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BarberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Barberry + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionFennelCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionCat's ClawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionCloveCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 6 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ThymeAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, thyme leaf extract might have additive effects with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Thyme + Abciximab interactionPau D'arcoAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, pau d'arco might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Pau D'arco + Abciximab interactionBarberryAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Barberry + Abciximab interactionCat's ClawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Abciximab interactionFennelAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel + Abciximab interactionCloveAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, clove oil may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Clove + Abciximab interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
FennelCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel + Abemaciclib interactionCat's ClawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Abemaciclib interactionBarberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Barberry + Abemaciclib interactionCloveCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CloveCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove + Abiraterone interactionFennelCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel + Abiraterone interactionCat's ClawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Abiraterone interactionBarberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Barberry + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BarberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Barberry + Abiraterone Acetate interactionCloveCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove + Abiraterone Acetate interactionFennelCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel + Abiraterone Acetate interactionCat's ClawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 6 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Cat's ClawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Immunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Abrocitinib interactionFennelAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel + Abrocitinib interactionBarberryAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Barberry + Abrocitinib interactionThymeAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, thyme leaf extract might have additive effects with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Thyme + Abrocitinib interactionPau D'arcoAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, pau d'arco might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Pau D'arco + Abrocitinib interactionCloveAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, clove oil may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Clove + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CloveCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove + Acalabrutinib interactionFennelCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel + Acalabrutinib interactionCat's ClawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Acalabrutinib interactionBarberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Barberry + Acalabrutinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BarberryAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking European barberry with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Barberry + Acarbose interactionCloveAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove extracts with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Clove + Acarbose interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BarberryAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking European barberry with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Barberry + Acebutolol interactionCat's ClawAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking cat's claw with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Acebutolol interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 6 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
FennelAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel + Acenocoumarol interactionCat's ClawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Acenocoumarol interactionBarberryAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Barberry + Acenocoumarol interactionPau D'arcoAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, pau d'arco might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Pau D'arco + Acenocoumarol interactionThymeAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, thyme leaf extract might have additive effects with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Thyme + Acenocoumarol interactionCloveAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, clove oil may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Clove + Acenocoumarol interactionAcepromazineAtravet
How Acepromazine interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ThymeAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme + Acepromazine interactionBarberryCns Depressants, Anticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with drugs that have sedative properties may cause additive effects.
Read the full Barberry + Acepromazine interactionAcetaminophenChildren's Tylenol, Children's Tylenol Meltaways, Tylenol, Tylenol Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CloveCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 6 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CloveCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionCat's ClawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionFennelAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionPau D'arcoAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, pau d'arco might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Pau D'arco + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionBarberryAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Barberry + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionThymeAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, thyme leaf extract might have additive effects with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Thyme + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 6 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ThymeAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, thyme leaf extract might have additive effects with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Thyme + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionPau D'arcoAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, pau d'arco might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Pau D'arco + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionBarberryAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Barberry + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionCloveAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, clove oil may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionFennelCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionCat's ClawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CloveCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, ButalbitalAxocet, Bancap, Bucet, Butex Forte, Esgic CF, Orbivan CF +5 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CloveCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CloveCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionFennelCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionBarberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Barberry + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionCat's ClawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Cat's ClawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionCloveCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionFennelCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionBarberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Barberry + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BarberryCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with drugs that have sedative properties may cause additive effects.
Read the full Barberry + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionCloveCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CloveCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionBarberryCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with drugs that have sedative properties may cause additive effects.
Read the full Barberry + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BarberryCns Depressants, Anticholinergic Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with drugs that have sedative properties may cause additive effects.
Read the full Barberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionThymeAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionCat's ClawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionCloveCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionFennelCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
FennelCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionCloveCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionBarberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Barberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionCat's ClawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Cat's ClawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionCloveCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionFennelCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionBarberryCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with drugs that have sedative properties may cause additive effects.
Read the full Barberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BarberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Barberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionCat's ClawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionCloveCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionFennelCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
FennelCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionCloveCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionBarberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Barberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionCat's ClawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Cat's ClawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionCloveCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionFennelCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionBarberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Anticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Barberry + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionThymeAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BarberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Anticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Barberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionThymeAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionFennelCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionCat's ClawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionCloveCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CloveCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionFennelCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionBarberryCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, European barberry might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Barberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionThymeAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionCat's ClawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, DextromethorphanCoricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interacts with Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Cat's ClawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionFennelCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionCloveCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionBarberryAnticholinergic Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking European barberry with anticholinergic drugs might cause additive effects.
Read the full Barberry + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionThymeAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Barberry
Anticholinergic Drugs
Theoretically, taking European barberry with anticholinergic drugs might cause additive effects.
In vitro evidence suggests that European barberry might have anticholinergic properties.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, European barberry may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro and animal evidence suggest that berberine, a constituent of European barberry, might inhibit platelet aggregation. Theoretically, European barberry might have a similar effect.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, taking European barberry with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Preliminary clinical evidence suggests that European barberry juice reduces fasting glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes who are also taking antidiabetes drugs. Additionally, some animal studies show that berberine, a constituent of European barberry, has antiglycemic potential. Monitor blood glucose levels closely.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, taking European barberry with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Animal and human research suggests that European barberry extracts can have hypotensive effects.
Cholinergic Drugs
Theoretically, taking European barberry with cholinergic drugs might decrease the effects of cholinergic drugs.
In vitro evidence suggests that European barberry might have anticholinergic properties.
Cns Depressants
Theoretically, concomitant use with drugs that have sedative properties may cause additive effects.
Animal research suggests that berberine, a constituent of European barberry, might have sedative effects. Theoretically, European barberry might have a similar effect.
Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)
Theoretically, concomitant use with cyclosporine may cause additive effects.
Berberine, a constituent of European barberry, can reduce the metabolism and increase serum levels of cyclosporine. This effect is attributed to the ability of berberine to inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), which metabolizes cyclosporine. Theoretically, European barberry might have a similar effect.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, European barberry might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
There is very preliminary evidence suggesting that berberine, a constituent of European barberry, might inhibit the CYP3A4 enzyme. Theoretically, European barberry might have a similar effect.
Clove
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove extracts with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical and laboratory research suggest that polyphenol extracts from clove flower buds might lower blood glucose levels. Dosing adjustments for insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents may be necessary when taken with clove. Monitor blood glucose levels closely.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP1A2 in a dose-dependent manner,. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, inhibits CYP2C9 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP2D6 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP3A4 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, clove oil may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Laboratory research suggests that eugenol, a constituent of clove, has antiplatelet activity. This interaction has not been reported in humans.
Ibuprofen (Advil, Others)
Theoretically, topical application of clove oil with ibuprofen might increase the absorption and side effects of topical ibuprofen.
Laboratory research shows that topical application of clove oil increases the absorption of topical ibuprofen. This interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cat's Claw
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, cat's claw may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Cat's claw contains rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline. Animal research suggests that these alkaloids can inhibit platelet aggregation. This interaction has not been reported in humans.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, taking cat's claw with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Cat's claw contains rhynchophylline. In vitro and animal research suggests that rhynchophylline can lower blood pressure. This interaction has not been reported in humans.
Calcium Channel Blockers
Theoretically, taking cat's claw with calcium channel blockers might increase the risk of hypotension.
Cat's claw contains various alkaloids, including rhynchophylline, isorhynchophylline, corynoxeine, and isocorynoxiene. Animal research suggests that these alkaloids can lower blood pressure by acting as calcium channel blockers. This interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Cat's claw may affect the clearance of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4. In vitro research shows that cat's claw can inhibit CYP3A4 enzymes. In one case report, a patient taking cat's claw (at an unspecified dose) experienced increased serum levels of atazanavir, ritonavir, and saquinavir, all of which are CYP3A4 substrates. Levels returned to normal 15 days after discontinuation of the cat's claw supplement, suggesting inhibition of CYP3A4 by cat's claw. In contrast, animal research suggests that rhynchophylline, an alkaloid contained in cat's claw, induces CYP3A expression and accelerates the metabolism of nirmatrelvir, the active component in the nirmatrelvir/ritonavir combination product.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, cat's claw might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
In human and laboratory research, cat's claw has been shown to have immunostimulating activity. It stimulates phagocytosis and increases respiratory cellular activity and the mobility of leukocytes. Theoretically, this could interfere with the activity of immunosuppressant medications.
Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir (Paxlovid)
Theoretically, cat's claw may decrease the levels of nirmatrelvir.
Cat's claw contains rhynchophylline. Animal research suggests that this alkaloid induces CYP3A expression, thereby accelerating the metabolism of nirmatrelvir, the active component in the nirmatrelvir/ritonavir combination product. This interaction has not been reported in humans.
Fennel
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Animal research suggests that fennel oil has antithrombotic and antiplatelet effects.
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
Theoretically, fennel might decrease the levels and clinical effects of ciprofloxacin.
Animal research shows that fennel reduces ciprofloxacin bioavailability by nearly 50%, possibly due to the metal cations such as calcium, iron, and magnesium contained in fennel. This study also found that fennel increased tissue distribution and slowed elimination of ciprofloxacin.
Contraceptive Drugs
Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might decrease the effects of contraceptive drugs due to competition for estrogen receptors.
Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research suggests that fennel inhibits CYP3A4 enzyme activity. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Estrogens
Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might interfere with hormone replacement therapy due to competition for estrogen receptors.
Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity.
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might decrease the antiestrogenic effect of tamoxifen.
Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity, which may interfere with the antiestrogenic activity of tamoxifen.
Thyme
Anticholinergic Drugs
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
In vitro evidence suggests that thyme essential oil and specific essential oil constituents like thymohydroquinone and carvacrol can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE). However, this effect has not been observed in humans.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, thyme leaf extract might have additive effects with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro and animal research suggests that thyme leaf extract has antiplatelet effects. However, this effect has not been observed in humans.
Cholinergic Drugs
Theoretically, concurrent use of cholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might cause additive cholinergic effects.
In vitro evidence suggests that thyme essential oil and specific essential oil constituents like thymohydroquinone and carvacrol can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE). However, this effect has not been observed in humans.
Estrogens
Theoretically, thyme might competitively inhibit the effects of estrogen replacement therapy.
In vitro research shows that thyme has estrogen receptor-binding activity and phytoestrogen content. However, this effect has not been observed in humans.
Pau d'Arco
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, pau d'arco might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro research shows that pau d'arco reduces platelet aggregation and may interfere with vitamin K. One clinical study shows that taking the lapachol constituent of pau d'arco in doses above 1.5 grams daily increases the risk of bleeding. The effects of whole pau d'arco or pau d'arco extract in humans are unclear.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules, from the product label.
Dr. Morse's Cellular Botanicals
See all Dr. Morse's Cellular Botanicals products- Name
- Dr. morse's Herbal Health Club
- City
- Port Charlotte
- State
- Florida
- ZipCode
- 33953
- Web Address
- www.drmorsesherbalhealthclub.com
Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules by Dr. Morse's Cellular Botanicals: Common Questions
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Is fennel safe to take?
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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The Full Monographs Behind Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Clove
Interacts with 977 drugsClove is a common cooking spice that is also used in traditional medicine, especially as a topical numbing agent for tooth pain thanks to its main compound, eugenol. Food amounts are general...
Read the full Clove monograph → Herb & supplement monographThyme
Interacts with 379 drugsThyme is a common kitchen herb that has long been used for coughs, sore throats, and digestive complaints. It is generally safe in the amounts found in food, and some cough products that com...
Read the full Thyme monograph → Herb & supplement monographOlive
Olive comes from the same tree that gives us olives and olive oil, and its leaf and fruit contain antioxidant compounds like oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol. Olive oil as part of a Mediterrane...
Read the full Olive monograph → Herb & supplement monographFennel
Interacts with 740 drugsFennel is a Mediterranean herb widely used as a food and spice, and traditionally taken for digestive complaints, colic, and menstrual cramps. Some small studies suggest possible benefit for...
Read the full Fennel monograph → Herb & supplement monographEuropean Barberry
Interacts with 1,210 drugsEuropean barberry is a shrub whose root, bark, and berries contain berberine, a bitter plant alkaloid that has been studied mostly in isolated form. Some early research on berberine is promi...
Read the full European Barberry monograph → Herb & supplement monographPau D'arco
Interacts with 122 drugsPau d'arco is a South American tree bark traditionally used for infections and inflammation, and it contains compounds like lapachol that show activity in lab studies. However, strong human...
Read the full Pau D'arco monograph → Herb & supplement monographBlack Walnut
Black walnut is a tree whose green hulls are traditionally used as a natural antiparasitic and digestive remedy, but solid human evidence for these uses is lacking. It contains a compound ca...
Read the full Black Walnut monograph → Herb & supplement monographCat's Claw
Interacts with 962 drugsCat's claw is a South American vine traditionally used for inflammation, joint pain, and immune support. Some small studies hint it may help with arthritis symptoms, but the overall evidence...
Read the full Cat's Claw monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Parasite M (Microorganism) Capsules's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 103 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Clove 26 references
- The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
- Kanerva L, Estlander T, Jolanki R. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from spices. Contact Dermatitis 1996;35:157-62. PubMed
- Chen SJ, Wang MH, Chen IJ. Antiplatelet and calcium inhibitory properties of eugenol and sodium eugenol acetate. Gen Pharmacol 1996;27:629-33. PubMed
- Malson JL, Lee EM, Murty R, et al. Clove cigarette smoking: biochemical, physiological, and subjective effects. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2003;74:739-45. PubMed
- Kirsch CM, Yenokida GG, Jensen WA, et al. Non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema due to the intravenous administration of clove oil. Thorax 1990;45:235-6. PubMed
- Pallares, D. E. Link between clove cigarettes and urticaria? Postgrad.Med 10-1-1999;106(4):153. PubMed
- Barnard, D. R. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol. 1999;36(5):625-629. PubMed
- Sanchez-Perez, J. and Garcia-Diez, A. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from eugenol, oil of cinnamon and oil of cloves in a physiotherapist. Contact Dermatitis 1999;41(6):346-347. PubMed
- Andersen, K. E., Johansen, J. D., Bruze, M., Frosch, P. J., Goossens, A., Lepoittevin, J. P., Rastogi, S., White, I., and Menne, T. The time-dose-response relationship for elicitation of contact dermatitis in isoeugenol allergic individuals. Toxicol.Appl PubMed
- Alqareer, A., Alyahya, A., and Andersson, L. The effect of clove and benzocaine versus placebo as topical anesthetics. J Dent 2006;34(10):747-750. PubMed
- Lane, B. W., Ellenhorn, M. J., Hulbert, T. V., and McCarron, M. Clove oil ingestion in an infant. Hum.Exp Toxicol. 1991;10(4):291-294. PubMed
- Quirce, S., Fernandez-Nieto, M., del, Pozo, V, Sastre, B., and Sastre, J. Occupational asthma and rhinitis caused by eugenol in a hairdresser. Allergy 2008;63(1):137-138. PubMed
- Srivastava, K. C. and Malhotra, N. Acetyl eugenol, a component of oil of cloves (Syzygium aromaticum L.) inhibits aggregation and alters arachidonic acid metabolism in human blood platelets. Prostaglandins Leukot.Essent.Fatty Acids 1991;42(1):73-81. PubMed
- Dyrbye, B. A., Dubois, L., Vink, R., and Horn, J. A patient with clove oil intoxication. Anaesth.Intensive Care 2012;40(2):365-366.
- Guidotti, T. L., Laing, L., and Prakash, U. B. Clove cigarettes. The basis for concern regarding health effects. West J Med 1989;151(2):220-228.
- Anonymous. Evaluation of the health hazard of clove cigarettes. Council on Scientific Affairs. JAMA 12-23-1988;260(24):3641-3644. DOI
- Romaguera, C., Alomar, A., Camarasa, J. M., Garcia, Bravo B., Garcia, Perez A., Grimalt, F., Guerra, P., Lopez, Gorretcher B., Pascual, A. M., Miranda, A., and . Contact dermatitis in children. Contact Dermatitis 1985;12(5):283-284. PubMed
- Hackett, P. H., Rodriguez, G., and Roach, R. C. Clove cigarettes and high-altitude pulmonary edema. JAMA 6-28-1985;253(24):3551-3552. DOI
- Isaacs, G. Permanent local anaesthesia and anhidrosis after clove oil spillage. Lancet 4-16-1983;1(8329):882. PubMed
- Saeed, S. A. and Gilani, A. H. Antithrombotic activity of clove oil. J Pak Med Assoc 1994;44(5):112-115.
- Hartnoll, G., Moore, D., and Douek, D. Near fatal ingestion of oil of cloves. Arch.Dis Child 1993;69(3):392-393. PubMed
- Srivastava, K. C. Antiplatelet principles from a food spice clove (Syzygium aromaticum L) [corrected]. Prostaglandins Leukot.Essent.Fatty Acids 1993;48(5):363-372.
- Jiang Q, Wu Y, Zhang H, et al. Development of essential oils as skin permeation enhancers: penetration enhancement effect and mechanism of action. Pharmaceutical Biol. 2017;55(1):1592-1600. PubMed
- Mohan R, Jose S, Mulakkal J, Karpinsky-Semper D, Swick AG, Krishnakumar IM. Water-soluble polyphenol-rich clove extract lowers pre- and post-prandial blood glucose levels in healthy and prediabetic volunteers: an open label pilot study. BMC Complement Alt PubMed
- Alharbi NFM, Ahad A, Bin Jardan YA, Al-Jenoobi FI. Effect of eugenol on cytochrome P450 1A2, 2C9, 2D6, and 3A4 activity in human liver microsomes. Saudi Pharm J 2024;32(7):102118. PubMed
Thyme 18 references
- Zava DT, Dollbaum CM, Blen M. Estrogen and progestin bioactivity of foods, herbs, and spices. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1998;217:369-78. PubMed
- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
- Okazaki K, Kawazoe K, Takaishi Y. Human platelet aggregation inhibitors from thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). Phytother Res 2002;16:398-9. .
- Spiewak R, Skorska C, Dutkiewicz J. Occupational airborne contact dermatitis caused by thyme dust. Contact Dermatitis 2001;44:235-9. . PubMed
- Ernst E, Marz R, Sieder C. A controlled multi-centre study of herbal versus synthetic secretolytic drugs for acute bronchitis. Phytomedicine 1997;4:287-93. PubMed
- Yamamoto J, Yamada K, Naemura A, et al. Testing various herbs for antithrombotic effect. Nutrition 2005;21(5):580-7. PubMed
- Tognolini, M., Barocelli, E., Ballabeni, V., Bruni, R., Bianchi, A., Chiavarini, M., and Impicciatore, M. Comparative screening of plant essential oils: phenylpropanoid moiety as basic core for antiplatelet activity. Life Sci. 2-23-2006;78(13):1419-1432. PubMed
- Mackiewicz, B., Skorska, C., Dutkiewicz, J., Michnar, M., Milanowski, J., Prazmo, Z., Krysinska-Traczyk, E., and Cisak, E. Allergic alveolitis due to herb dust exposure. Ann Agric Environ Med 1999;6(2):167-170.
- Martinez-Gonzalez, M. C., Goday Bujan, J. J., Martinez, Gomez W., and Fonseca, Capdevila E. Concomitant allergic contact dermatitis due to Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) and Thymus vulgaris (thyme). Contact Dermatitis 2007;56(1):49-50.
- Jukic, M., Politeo, O., Maksimovic, M., Milos, M., and Milos, M. In vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties of thymol, carvacrol and their derivatives thymoquinone and thymohydroquinone. Phytother.Res 2007;21(3):259-261.
- Marzian, O. [Treatment of acute bronchitis in children and adolescents. Non-interventional postmarketing surveillance study confirms the benefit and safety of a syrup made of extracts from thyme and ivy leaves]. MMW.Fortschr.Med 6-28-2007;149(27-28 Suppl
- Cuzzolin, L. and Benoni, G. Attitudes and knowledge toward natural products safety in the pharmacy setting: an Italian study. Phytother.Res 2009;23(7):1018-1023. PubMed
- Berova, N., Stransky, L., and Krasteva, M. Studies on contact dermatitis in stomatological staff. Dermatol.Monatsschr. 1990;176(1):15-18.
- Smeenk, G., Kerckhoffs, H. P., and Schreurs, P. H. Contact allergy to a reaction product in Hirudoid cream: an example of compound allergy. Br.J Dermatol. 1987;116(2):223-231.
- Le Roy, R., Grosshans, E., and Foussereau, J. [Investigation of contact allergies in 100 cases of ulcus cruris (author's transl)]. Derm.Beruf.Umwelt. 1981;29(6):168-170.
- Lorenzi, S., Placucci, F., Vincenzi, C., Bardazzi, F., and Tosti, A. Allergic contact dermatitis due to thymol. Contact Dermatitis 1995;33(6):439-440. PubMed
- Bahadoran P, Rokni FK, Fahami F. Investigating the therapeutic effect of vaginal cream containing garlic and thyme compared to clotrimazole cream for the treatment of mycotic vaginitis. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2010;15(Suppl 1):343-9.
- Erol S, Aydin B, Dilli D, Okumus N, Zenciroglu A, Gündüz M. An interesting newborn case of fructose 1-6 diphosphatase deficiency triggered after thyme juice ingestion. Clin Lab. 2014;60(1):151-3. PubMed
Olive 2 references
- Liccardi G, D'Amato M, D'Amato G. Oleaceae pollinosis: a review. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1996;111:210-7. PubMed
- Somerville V, Moore R, Braakhuis A. The effect of olive leaf extract on upper respiratory illness in high school athletes: A randomised control trial. Nutrients. 2019;11(2). pii: E358. PubMed
Fennel 17 references
- Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
- Zhu M, Wong PY, Li RC. Effect of oral administration of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) on ciprofloxacin absorption and disposition in the rat. J Pharm Pharmacol 1999;51:1391-6.
- Gral N, Beani JC, Bonnot D, et al. [Plasma levels of psoralens after celery ingestion]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 1993;120:599-603.
- Burkhard PR, Burkhardt K, Haenggeli CA, Landis T. Plant-induced seizures: reappearance of an old problem. J Neurol 1999;246:667-70. PubMed
- Rosti L, Nardini A, Bettinelli ME, Rosti D. Toxic effects of a herbal tea mixture in two newborns. Acta Paediatrica 1994;83:683. PubMed
- Cuzzolin L, Zaffani S, and Benoni G. Safety implications regarding use of phytomedicines. Eur.J Clin Pharmacol. 2006;62:37-42. PubMed
- Tognolini, M., Ballabeni, V., Bertoni, S., Bruni, R., Impicciatore, M., and Barocelli, E. Protective effect of Foeniculum vulgare essential oil and anethole in an experimental model of thrombosis. Pharmacol.Res 2007;56(3):254-260. PubMed
- Subehan, Usia, T., Iwata, H., Kadota, S., and Tezuka, Y. Mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 by Indonesian medicinal plants. J Ethnopharmacol. 5-24-2006;105(3):449-455. PubMed
- Tognolini, M., Barocelli, E., Ballabeni, V., Bruni, R., Bianchi, A., Chiavarini, M., and Impicciatore, M. Comparative screening of plant essential oils: phenylpropanoid moiety as basic core for antiplatelet activity. Life Sci. 2-23-2006;78(13):1419-1432. PubMed
- Subehan, Zaidi, S. F., Kadota, S., and Tezuka, Y. Inhibition on human liver cytochrome P450 3A4 by constituents of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare): identification and characterization of a mechanism-based inactivator. J Agric.Food Chem. 12-12-2007;55(25):101 PubMed
- LEVY, S. B. Bronchial asthma due to ingestion of fennel and fennel seed. Ann.Allergy 1948;6(4):415.
- Ottolenghi, A., De Chiara, A., Arrigoni, S., Terracciano, L., and De Amici, M. [Diagnosis of food allergy caused by fruit and vegetables in children with atopic dermatitis]. Pediatr Med Chir 1995;17(6):525-530.
- Trabace L, Tucci P, Ciuffreda L, et al. "Natural" relief of pregnancy-related symptoms and neonatal outcomes: above all do no harm. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015;174:396-402. PubMed
- Denaxa D, Arkwright PD. Fennel as a cause of immediate hypersensitivity to toothpaste. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2020;125(1):99-100. PubMed
- Lee HW, Ang L, Lee MS, Alimoradi Z, Kim E. Fennel for reducing pain in primary dysmenorrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrients 2020;12(11):3438. PubMed
- Mathew T, John SK, Javali M, Vasireddy M, Nadig R, Sarma GRK. Substance use related cluster headache: A case series. Headache 2022;62(7):908-910. PubMed
European Barberry 15 references
- Chan E. Displacement of bilirubin from albumin by berberine. Biol Neonate 1993;63:201-8. PubMed
- Wu X, Li Q, Xin H, Yu A, Zhong M. Effects of berberine on the blood concentration of cyclosporin A in renal transplanted recipients: clinical and pharmacokinetic study. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2005;61:567-72. PubMed
- Shamsa F, Ahmadiani A, Khosrokhavar R. Antihistaminic and anticholinergic activity of barberry fruit (Berberis vulgaris) in the guinea-pig ileum. J Ethnopharmacol 1999;64:161-6. PubMed
- Fatehi M, Saleh TM, Fatehi-Hassanabad Z, et al. A pharmacological study on Berberis vulgaris fruit extract. J Ethnopharmacol 2005;102:46-52. PubMed
- Kostalova, D., Bukovsky, M., Koscova, H., and Kardosova, A. [Anticomplement activity of Mahonia aquifolium bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids and berberine extract]. Ceska.Slov.Farm 2001;50(6):286-289.
- Fatehi-Hassanabad, Z., Jafarzadeh, M., Tarhini, A., and Fatehi, M. The antihypertensive and vasodilator effects of aqueous extract from Berberis vulgaris fruit on hypertensive rats. Phytother Res 2005;19(3):222-225.
- Singh, J. and Kakkar, P. Antihyperglycemic and antioxidant effect of Berberis aristata root extract and its role in regulating carbohydrate metabolism in diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 5-4-2009;123(1):22-26. PubMed
- Shanbhag, S. M., Kulkarni, H. J., and Gaitonde, B. B. Pharmacological actions of berberine on the central nervous system. Jpn.J Pharmacol 1970;20(4):482-487. PubMed
- Wu, J. F. and Liu, T. P. [Effects of berberine on platelet aggregation and plasma levels of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in rats with reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion]. Yao Xue.Xue.Bao. 1995;30(2):98-102.
- Xuan, B., Wang, W., and Li, D. X. Inhibitory effect of tetrahydroberberine on platelet aggregation and thrombosis. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue.Bao. 1994;15(2):133-135.
- Gao, C. R., Zhang, J. Q., and Huang, Q. L. [Experimental study on berberin raised insulin sensitivity in insulin resistance rat models]. Zhongguo Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. 1997;17(3):162-164. DOI
- Sabir M and Bhide NK. Study of some pharmacological actions of berberine. Ind J Physiol & Pharmac 1971;15(3):111-132.
- Tripathi YB and Shukla SD. Berberis artistata inhibits PAF induced aggregation of rabbit platelets. Phytotherapy Research 1996;10:628-630.
- Lazavi F, Mirmiran P, Sohrab G, Nikpayam O, Angoorani P, Hedayati M. The barberry juice effects on metabolic factors and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized clinical trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2018;31:170-174. PubMed
- Philips CA, Theruvath AH, Ravindran R. Toxic hepatitis-associated aplastic anaemia after dual homeopathic remedies and Gymnema sylvestre use. BMJ Case Rep 2022;15(3):e247867. PubMed
Pau D'arco 6 references
- Gómez Castellanos JR, Prieto JM, Heinrich M. Red Lapacho (Tabebuia impetiginosa)--a global ethnopharmacological commodity? J Ethnopharmacol 2009;121:1-13. PubMed
- Guerra, Mde O., Mazoni, A. S., Brandao, M. A., and Peters, V. M. Toxicology of Lapachol in rats: embryolethality. Braz.J Biol. 2001;61(1):171-174. PubMed
- Felicio, A. C., Chang, C. V., Brandao, M. A., Peters, V. M., and Guerra, Mde O. Fetal growth in rats treated with lapachol. Contraception 2002;66(4):289-293. PubMed
- Son, D. J., Lim, Y., Park, Y. H., Chang, S. K., Yun, Y. P., Hong, J. T., Takeoka, G. R., Lee, K. G., Lee, S. E., Kim, M. R., Kim, J. H., and Park, B. S. Inhibitory effects of Tabebuia impetiginosa inner bark extract on platelet aggregation and vascular s
- Block JB, Serpick AA, Miller W, Wiernik PH. Early clinical studies with lapachol (NSC-11905). Cancer Chemother Rep 2. 1974;4(4):27-8.
- Algranti E, Mendonça EM, Ali SA, Kokron CM, Raile V. Occupational asthma caused by Ipe (Tabebuia spp) dust. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2005;15(1):81-3.
Black Walnut 3 references
- Blumenthal M, ed. The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. Trans. S. Klein. Boston, MA: American Botanical Council, 1998.
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Food and Drug Administration. Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2004 (FALCPA); Public Law 108-282, Title II. Accessed on May 19, 2021. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/food/food-allergensgluten-free-guidance-documents-regulatory-infor
Cat's Claw 16 references
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Budzinski JW, Foster BC, Vandenhoek S, Arnason JT. An in vitro evaluation of human cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibition by selected commercial herbal extracts and tinctures. Phytomedicine 2000;7:273-82. PubMed
- Sandoval M, Charbonnet RM, Okuhama NN, et al. Cat's claw inhibits TNFalpha production and scavenges free radicals: role in cytoprotection. Free Radic Biol Med 2000;29:71-78.
- Müller AC, Kanfer I. Potential pharmacokinetic interactions between antiretrovirals and medicinal plants used as complementary and African traditional medicines. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2011;32(8):458-70. PubMed
- Sheng, Y., Bryngelsson, C., and Pero, R. W. Enhanced DNA repair, immune function and reduced toxicity of C-MED-100, a novel aqueous extract from Uncaria tomentosa. J Ethnopharmacol. 2000;69(2):115-126. PubMed
- Lamm, S., Sheng, Y., and Pero, R. W. Persistent response to pneumococcal vaccine in individuals supplemented with a novel water soluble extract of Uncaria tomentosa, C-Med-100. Phytomedicine 2001;8(4):267-274.
- Sheng, Y., Li, L., Holmgren, K., and Pero, R. W. DNA repair enhancement of aqueous extracts of Uncaria tomentosa in a human volunteer study. Phytomedicine 2001;8(4):275-282.
- Chen, C. X., Jin, R. M., Li, Y. K., Zhong, J., Yue, L., Chen, S. C., and Zhou, J. Y. Inhibitory effect of rhynchophylline on platelet aggregation and thrombosis. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue.Bao. 1992;13(2):126-130.
- Flythe, J. E., Rueda, J. F., Riscoe, M. K., and Watnick, S. Silicate nephrolithiasis after ingestion of supplements containing silica dioxide. Am.J.Kidney Dis. 2009;54(1):127-130. PubMed
- Zhou, J. and Zhou, S. Antihypertensive and neuroprotective activities of rhynchophylline: the role of rhynchophylline in neurotransmission and ion channel activity. J.Ethnopharmacol. 10-28-2010;132(1):15-27. PubMed
- Zhou, J. Y. and Zhou, S. W. Isorhynchophylline: A plant alkaloid with therapeutic potential for cardiovascular and central nervous system diseases. Fitoterapia 2012;83(4):617-626. PubMed
- Hemingway, S. R. and Phillipson, J. D. Proceedings: Alkaloids from S. American species of Uncaria (Rubiaceae). J.Pharm.Pharmacol. 1974;26 Suppl:113P.
- Hilepo, J. N., Bellucci, A. G., and Mossey, R. T. Acute renal failure caused by 'cat's claw' herbal remedy in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Nephron 1997;77(3):361. PubMed
- De Paula LCL, Fonseca F, Perazzo F, et al. Uncaria tomentosa (cat's claw) improves quality of life in patients with advanced solid tumors. J Altern Complement Med. 2015;21(1):22-30.
- Portalatin G, Shettigar S, Carrion-Rodriguez A, et al. Ketogenic-Diet Shake Containing Uncaria tomentosa-Associated Acute Interstitial Nephritis. Case Rep Nephrol Dial 2022;12(3):219-225.
- Lei S, Guo A, Lu J, et al. Activation of PXR causes drug interactions with Paxlovid in transgenic mice. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023;13(11):4502-4510. PubMed
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
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