PhytoCort Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by NutriCology
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking PhytoCort against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
PhytoCort is a dietary supplement by NutriCology with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for immune support, fatigue and general well-being, stress and sleep.Based on those ingredients, 1,292 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Chinese Licorice (root) extract, Noni (fruit) extract, Reishi extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against PhytoCort by NutriCology
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with PhytoCort by NutriCology — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of PhytoCort by NutriCology
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
PhytoCort is a 4-ingredient capsule built around a proprietary blend containing shrubby sophora root extract, reishi mushroom extract, Chinese licorice root extract, and noni fruit extract. The inactive ingredients are hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (the capsule material) and L-leucine.
Does it work?
Not established
The evidence for PhytoCort's active ingredients is limited. Reishi shows insufficient reliable evidence for altitude sickness, Alzheimer disease, and athletic performance, and is rated possibly ineffective for high cholesterol (hyperlipidemia).
Chinese licorice is possibly effective for canker sores and eczema-like skin conditions but has insufficient evidence for Addison disease and asthma. Noni is rated insufficient evidence across the board—asthma, atherosclerosis, athletic performance, burns, cancer, and heart disease.
No effectiveness data is on file for shrubby sophora. Overall, none of these ingredients have strong evidence supporting their use for a specific health claim.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Reishi is generally well tolerated short-term, though long-term safety isn't well studied. Common side effects include dizziness, dry mouth, itching, nausea, rash, and stomach upset; a small number of people report insomnia and headache.
Respiratory allergy to reishi spores, sore throat, and runny nose are also possible. Licorice at food doses is fine, but supplement amounts can cause serious problems with long-term or high-dose use; common effects are headache, nausea, and vomiting, and contact rash is possible with topical use.
Noni is generally tolerated in moderate amounts but carries rare risk of liver injury; common effects are nausea and abdominal discomfort. Because of insufficient safety data, licorice is advised against in pregnancy (glycyrrhizin has been linked to harm), and both reishi and noni should be avoided while breastfeeding.
Noni was traditionally used to cause abortion and should not be used in pregnancy.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking PhytoCort, double-check if you use blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (reishi and noni may increase bleeding risk; licorice may reduce warfarin's effect), blood pressure medications (reishi, licorice, and noni all may lower pressure further), potassium-affecting blood pressure drugs like ACE inhibitors, ARBs, or potassium-sparing diuretics (noni is high in potassium), seizure medications like phenytoin (noni may lower levels), heart rhythm medication like digoxin (licorice may raise toxicity risk), or cancer drugs like paclitaxel or cisplatin (licorice may reduce effectiveness). Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether this product is right for you.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
PhytoCort may appeal to someone looking for a blend of traditional botanical extracts, but the evidence supporting these ingredients is sparse—most are rated insufficient evidence or possibly ineffective. More importantly, the product carries documented moderate-severity interactions with blood thinners, blood pressure medications, seizure drugs, and several others; if you take any prescription medication, check it against this page's interaction tool and talk with your doctor or pharmacist before starting.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 3 of 4 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jan 22, 2022.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about PhytoCort, straight from the product label.
| Brand | NutriCology |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 713947558403 |
| Net contents | 120 Vegetarian Capsule(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Jan 22, 2022 |
| DSLD ID | 258677 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for PhytoCort by NutriCology, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Proprietary Blend | 1.6 Gram(s) | -- |
| Shrubby Sophora (root) extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Reishi extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Chinese Licorice (root) extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Noni (fruit) extract | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, L-Leucine
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formula
PhytoCort is a combination of reishi (Ganoderma lucidum), shrubby sophora (Sophora flavescens), Chinese licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis), and noni (Morinda citrifolia).
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested Use As a dietary supplement, 2 capsules two times daily, or as directed by a healthcare practitioner. A loading dose of 3 capsules three times daily for one to two weeks may be used to start.
Storage
Keep in a cool, dry place, tightly capped.
Precautions
Warning: Consuming this product can expose you to lead which is known to the State of California to cause birth defects or other reproductive harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov/food
FDA Disclaimer Statement
This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
Brand IP Statement(s)
NutriCology Innovative Nutrition
Formulation
Herbal Support for Healthy Breathing Hypoallergenic
This formula does not contain Ma Huang (ephedra).
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
PhytoCort by NutriCology label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in PhytoCort by NutriCology
These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size2 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container60 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Proprietary Blend
- › Shrubby Sophora (root) extract
- › Reishi extract
- › Chinese Licorice (root) extract
- › Noni (fruit) extract
Other (inactive) ingredients: Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, L-Leucine. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
PhytoCort by NutriCology Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
PhytoCort by NutriCology contains four active ingredients, and we found documented interactions through its reishi, Chinese licorice, and noni extracts.
The most serious concern is with blood thinners (anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs): reishi at higher doses and noni may both increase bleeding risk, and licorice may reduce the effectiveness of warfarin specifically. Altogether, these interactions span 1,293 individual medications.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Reishi and licorice both interact with blood pressure medications (antihypertensives), raising the theoretical risk of excessively low blood pressure. Noni carries the same concern, and adds a separate risk with blood pressure drugs that affect potassium—ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and potassium-sparing diuretics—because noni juice is high in potassium and could push levels too high.
Licorice also affects how your body metabolizes several drug classes, including drugs for heart rhythm (digoxin), seizures (phenytoin), and certain cancer therapies (paclitaxel and cisplatin). Noni may reduce how well seizure medication works and can increase ranitidine levels.
We couldn't check shrubby sophora extract—we hold no data for it. Before you start PhytoCort, check your exact medications with the search tool on this page, and talk with your doctor or pharmacist, especially if you take blood thinners, blood pressure drugs, or seizure medications.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against PhytoCort?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in PhytoCort interact with 1,292 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
3 of the 4 ingredients in PhytoCort interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Chinese Licorice (root) extract Noni (fruit) extract Reishi extract
6-mercaptopurinePurinethol
How 6-mercaptopurine interacts with PhytoCort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Noni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAdo-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with PhytoCort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Chinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbacavir Sulfate, Dolutegravir, LamivudineTriumeq
How Abacavir Sulfate, Dolutegravir, Lamivudine interacts with PhytoCort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Noni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Abacavir Sulfate, Dolutegravir, Lamivudine interactionAbacavir, LamivudineEpzicom
How Abacavir, Lamivudine interacts with PhytoCort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Noni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Abacavir, Lamivudine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with PhytoCort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Reishi ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of reishi mushroom might increase the risk of bleeding.
Read the full Reishi Extract + Abciximab interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with PhytoCort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Chinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Chinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Abiraterone interactionNoni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Noni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Abiraterone Acetate interactionChinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Chinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2c19 (cyp2c19) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Abrocitinib interactionReishi ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of reishi mushroom might increase the risk of bleeding.
Read the full Reishi Extract + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with PhytoCort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Chinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, P-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acalabrutinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Reishi ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, reishi mushroom might have additive effects with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Reishi Extract + Acarbose interactionNoni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acarbose interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with PhytoCort — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Noni (fruit) ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs, Hepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, noni may increase the risk of hypotension when used in combination with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acebutolol interactionChinese Licorice (root) ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might reduce the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acebutolol interactionReishi ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of reishi mushroom with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Reishi Extract + Acebutolol interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with PhytoCort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Reishi ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of reishi mushroom might increase the risk of bleeding.
Read the full Reishi Extract + Acenocoumarol interactionAcetaminophenChildren's Tylenol, Children's Tylenol Meltaways, Tylenol, Tylenol Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Noni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acetaminophen interactionChinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acetaminophen interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with PhytoCort — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Reishi ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of reishi mushroom might increase the risk of bleeding.
Read the full Reishi Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionNoni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionChinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with PhytoCort — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Reishi ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of reishi mushroom might increase the risk of bleeding.
Read the full Reishi Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionChinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionNoni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Noni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionChinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, ButalbitalAxocet, Bancap, Bucet, Butex Forte, Esgic CF, Orbivan CF +5 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Noni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionChinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Noni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionChinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Chinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionNoni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Noni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionChinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Noni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionChinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Noni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionChinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Chinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionNoni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Chinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionNoni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Chinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionNoni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Noni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionChinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Chinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Diuretic Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionNoni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Chinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionNoni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with PhytoCort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Chinese Licorice (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Chinese Licorice (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionNoni (fruit) ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni (fruit) Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in PhytoCort with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Chinese Licorice (root) extract
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, licorice might reduce the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
In human research, licorice increases blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner.
Cisplatin (Platinol-Aq)
Theoretically, licorice might reduce the effects of cisplatin.
In animal research, licorice diminished the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin.
Corticosteroids
Theoretically, concomitant use of licorice and corticosteroids might increase the side effects of corticosteroids.
Case reports suggest that concomitant use of licorice and oral corticosteroids, such as hydrocortisone, can potentiate the duration of activity and increase blood levels of corticosteroids. Additionally, in one case report, a patient with neurogenic orthostatic hypertension stabilized on fludrocortisone 0.1 mg twice daily developed pseudohyperaldosteronism after recent consumption of large amounts of black licorice.
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (Cyp2B6) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2B6.
In vitro research shows that licorice extract and glabridin, a licorice constituent, inhibit CYP2B6 isoenzymes. Licorice extract from the species G. uralensis seems to inhibit CYP2B6 isoenzymes to a greater degree than G. glabra extract in vitro. Theoretically, these species of licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2B6; however, these interactions have not yet been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
In vitro, licorice extracts from the species G. glabra and G. uralensis inhibit CYP2C19 isoenzymes in vitro. Theoretically, these species of licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19; however, this interaction has not yet been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (Cyp2C8) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C8.
In vitro, licorice extract from the species G. glabra and G. uralensis inhibits CYP2C8 isoenzymes. Theoretically, these species of licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C8; however, this interaction has not yet been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
There is conflicting evidence about the effect of licorice on CYP2C9 enzyme activity. In vitro research shows that extracts from the licorice species G. glabra and G. uralensis moderately inhibit CYP2C9 isoenzymes. However, evidence from an animal model shows that licorice extract from the species G. uralensis can induce hepatic CYP2C9 activity. Until more is known, licorice should be used cautiously in people taking CYP2C9 substrates.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Pharmacokinetic research shows that the licorice constituent glycyrrhizin, taken in a dosage of 150 mg orally twice daily for 14 days, modestly decreases the area under the concentration-time curve of midazolam by about 20%. Midazolam is a substrate of CYP3A4, suggesting that glycyrrhizin modestly induces CYP3A4 activity. Animal research also shows that licorice extract from the species G. uralensis induces CYP3A4 activity. However, licorice extract from G. glabra species appear to inhibit CYP3A4-induced metabolism of testosterone in vitro. It is thought that the G. glabra inhibits CYP3A4 due to its constituent glabridin, which is a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor in vitro and not present in other licorice species. Until more is known, licorice should be used cautiously in people taking CYP3A4 substrates.
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
Theoretically, concomitant use of licorice with digoxin might increase the risk of cardiac toxicity.
Overuse or misuse of licorice with cardiac glycoside therapy might increase the risk of cardiac toxicity due to potassium loss.
Diuretic Drugs
Theoretically, concomitant use of licorice with diuretic drugs might increase the risk of hypokalemia.
Overuse of licorice might compound diuretic-induced potassium loss. In one case report, a 72-year-old male with a past medical history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, arrhythmia, stroke, and hepatic dysfunction was hospitalized with severe hypokalemia and uncontrolled hypertension due to pseudohyperaldosteronism. This was thought to be provoked by concomitant daily consumption of a product containing 225 mg of glycyrrhizin, a constituent of licorice, and hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg for 1 month.
Estrogens
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease the effects of estrogen therapy.
Theoretically, licorice might interfere with estrogen therapy due to estrogenic and anti-estrogenic effects.
Loop Diuretics
Theoretically, loop diuretics might increase the mineralocorticoid effects of licorice.
Theoretically, loop diuretics might enhance the mineralocorticoid effects of licorice by inhibiting the enzyme that converts cortisol to cortisone; however, bumetanide (Bumex) does not appear to have this effect.
Midazolam (Versed)
Theoretically, licorice might decrease levels of midazolam.
In humans, the licorice constituent glycyrrhizin appears to moderately induce the metabolism of midazolam. This is likely due to induction of cytochrome P450 3A4 by licorice. Until more is known, licorice should be used cautiously in people taking midazolam.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the absorption of P-glycoprotein substrates.
In vitro research shows that licorice can increase P-glycoprotein activity.
Paclitaxel (Abraxane, Onxol)
Theoretically, licorice might decrease plasma levels and clinical effects of paclitaxel.
Multiple doses of licorice taken concomitantly with paclitaxel might reduce the effectiveness of paclitaxel. Animal research shows that licorice 3 grams/kg given orally for 14 days before intravenous administration of paclitaxel decreases the exposure to paclitaxel and increases its clearance. Theoretically, this occurs because licorice induces cytochrome P450 3A4 enzymes, which metabolize paclitaxel. Notably, a single dose of licorice did not affect exposure or clearance of paclitaxel.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Theoretically, licorice might decrease plasma levels and clinical effects of warfarin.
Licorice seems to increase metabolism and decrease levels of warfarin in animal models. This is likely due to induction of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) metabolism by licorice. Advise patients taking warfarin to avoid taking licorice.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that licorice induces CYP1A2 enzymes.
Methotrexate (Trexall, Others)
Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of methotrexate.
Animal research suggests that intravenous administration of glycyrrhizin, a licorice constituent, and high-dose methotrexate may delay methotrexate excretion and increase systemic exposure, leading to transient elevations in liver enzymes and total bilirubin. This interaction has not yet been reported in humans.
Noni (fruit) extract
Ace Inhibitors (Aceis)
Theoretically, combining noni and ACE inhibitors might increase the risk of hyperkalemia.
Noni juice contains significant amounts of potassium, about 6 mEq/100 mL juice. This may increase the risk for hyperkalemia when used in conjunction with ACE inhibitors, which can also increase potassium levels.
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (Arbs)
Theoretically, combining noni and ARBs might increase the risk of hyperkalemia.
Noni juice contains significant amounts of potassium, about 6 mEq/100 mL juice. This may increase the risk for hyperkalemia when used in conjunction with ARBs, which can also increase potassium levels.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, noni may increase the risk of hypotension when used in combination with antihypertensive drugs.
Preliminary clinical research suggests that drinking noni juice can reduce blood pressure in individuals with hypertension.
Hepatotoxic Drugs
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
There is concern that noni might cause hepatotoxicity in some patients. Advise patients against combining noni with potentially hepatotoxic drugs.
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Theoretically, taking noni fruit juice concomitantly with phenytoin may lower phenytoin levels and increase the risk of seizures.
In one case report, an adult taking phenytoin for partial seizures experienced low serum phenytoin levels while taking noni juice 90-200 mL daily. Serum phenytoin levels increased after decreasing noni juice consumption; similarly, serum phenytoin levels decreased after increasing noni juice consumption. Some researchers believe noni juice may induce cytochrome P450 2C9 enzymes, which would decrease phenytoin levels, but this has not been well studied. Patients may need additional monitoring when starting or stopping noni juice supplementation.
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
Theoretically, combing noni and a potassium-sparing diuretic might increase the risk of hyperkalemia.
Noni juice contains significant amounts of potassium, about 6 mEq/100 mL juice. This may increase the risk for hyperkalemia when used in conjunction with potassium-sparing diuretics, which can also increase potassium levels.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Theoretically, taking noni juice concomitantly with warfarin might decrease the effectiveness of warfarin.
In one case, a 41-year-old patient stabilized on warfarin had a decreased international normalized ratio (INR) following consumption of a specific commercial noni juice product (Noni juice 4 Everything). While the patient was still taking noni juice, an increase in warfarin dose did not produce an increase in INR. However, it should be noted that this particular product contained extracts and derivatives from more than 115 components, many of which contained vitamin K. Furthermore, vitamin K was listed as a separate ingredient of the product, suggesting that the product was possibly fortified with vitamin K. It has not been verified that noni fruit alone contains a significant amount of vitamin K or interacts with warfarin.
Ranitidine (Zantac)
Taking noni fruit with ranitidine might increase the levels and clinical effects of ranitidine.
Clinical evidence shows that taking an aqueous extract of noni fruit 30 minutes prior to taking a single oral dose of ranitidine can increase the rate of absorption and plasma concentration of ranitidine.
Reishi extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, high doses of reishi mushroom might increase the risk of bleeding.
A dose of 1.5 grams daily of reishi mushroom does not seem to decrease platelet aggregation, but a higher dose of 3 grams daily does.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, reishi mushroom might have additive effects with antidiabetes drugs.
Animal research suggests that reishi mushroom decreases blood sugar. However, in patients with type 2 diabetes, taking reishi mushroom does not reduce fasting glucose levels, and its effects on glycated hemoglobin are inconsistent.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, concurrent use of reishi mushroom with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Reishi mushroom has shown hypotensive activity in animal research. Clinical evidence suggests that reishi mushroom reduces blood pressure in some, but not all, patients with hypertension.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for PhytoCort, from the product label.
NutriCology
See all NutriCology products- Name
- NutriCology
- City
- South Salt Lake
- State
- UT
- ZipCode
- 84115
- Phone Number
- 800.545.9960
- Web Address
- www.nutricology.com
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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The Full Monographs Behind PhytoCort’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Reishi Mushroom
Interacts with 375 drugsReishi is a traditional Asian mushroom widely used to support the immune system and overall wellness. Human evidence for most of its claimed benefits is limited or low-quality, so it should...
Read the full Reishi Mushroom monograph → Herb & supplement monographLicorice
Interacts with 1,040 drugsLicorice root is a traditional remedy used for sore throats, coughs, and digestive complaints, but solid human evidence is limited for most uses. Regular licorice contains glycyrrhizin, whic...
Read the full Licorice monograph → Herb & supplement monographNoni
Interacts with 542 drugsNoni is a tropical fruit used widely in folk medicine and sold mostly as a juice or supplement, but solid human evidence for its many claimed benefits is limited. While moderate juice intake...
Read the full Noni monograph →Sources & How We Checked
PhytoCort's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 125 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Reishi Mushroom 17 references
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Tao J, Feng KY. Experimental and clinical studies on inhibitory effect of ganoderma lucidum on platelet aggregation. J Tongji Med Univ 1990;10:240-3. PubMed
- Singh AB, Gupta SK, Pereira BM, Prakash D. Sensitization to Ganoderma lucidum in patients with respiratory allergy in India. Clin Exp Allergy 1995;25:440-7.
- Lee SY, Rhee HM. Cardiovascular effects of mycelium extract of Ganoderma lucidum: inhibition of sympathetic outflow as a mechanism of its hypotensive action. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1990;38:1359-64. PubMed
- Kwok Y, Ng KFJ, Li, CCF, et al. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the platelet and global hemostatic effects of Ganoderma lucidum (Ling-Zhi) in healthy volunteers. Anesth Analg 2005;101:423-6. PubMed
- Wanmuang, H., Leopairut, J., Kositchaiwat, C., Wananukul, W., and Bunyaratvej, S. Fatal fulminant hepatitis associated with Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi) mushroom powder. J Med Assoc Thai. 2007;90(1):179-181.
- Seto, S. W., Lam, T. Y., Tam, H. L., Au, A. L., Chan, S. W., Wu, J. H., Yu, P. H., Leung, G. P., Ngai, S. M., Yeung, J. H., Leung, P. S., Lee, S. M., and Kwan, Y. W. Novel hypoglycemic effects of Ganoderma lucidum water-extract in obese/diabetic (+db/+db
- Chu, T. T., Benzie, I. F., Lam, C. W., Fok, B. S., Lee, K. K., and Tomlinson, B. Study of potential cardioprotective effects of Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi): results of a controlled human intervention trial. Br.J.Nutr. 2012;107(7):1017-1027.
- Jin, X., Ruiz, Beguerie J., Sze, D. M., and Chan, G. C. Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) for cancer treatment. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;6:CD007731.
- Kabir, Y., Kimura, S., and Tamura, T. Dietary effect of Ganoderma lucidum mushroom on blood pressure and lipid levels in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). J Nutr Sci Vitaminol.(Tokyo) 1988;34(4):433-438. PubMed
- Kanmatsuse, K., Kajiwara, N., Hayashi, K., Shimogaichi, S., Fukinbara, I., Ishikawa, H., and Tamura, T. [Studies on Ganoderma lucidum. I. Efficacy against hypertension and side effects]. Yakugaku Zasshi 1985;105(10):942-947. PubMed
- Gao, Y., Lan, J., Dai, X., Ye, J., and Zhou, S. A Phase I/II Study of Ling Zhi Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum(W.Curt: Fr.) Lloyd (Aphyllophoromycetideae) Extract in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms 2004;6. DOI
- Jin H, Zhang G, Cao X, and et al. Treatment of hypertension by linzhi combined with hypotensor and its effects on arterial, arteriolar and capillary pressure and microcirculation. In: Niimi H, Xiu RJ, Sawada T, and et al. Microcirculatory Approach to Asi
- Klupp NL, Chang D, Hawke F, Kiat H, Cao H, Grant SJ, Bensoussan A. Ganoderma lucidum mushroom for the treatment of cardiovascular risk factors. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Feb 17;2:CD007259. PubMed
- Zhao H, Zhang Q, Zhao L, Huang X, Wang J, Kang X. Spore Powder of Ganoderma lucidum Improves Cancer-Related Fatigue in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Endocrine Therapy: A Pilot Clinical Trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:809614.
- Pazzi F, Adsuar JC, Domínguez-Muñoz FJ, García-Gordillo MA, Gusi N, Collado-Mateo D. Ganoderma lucidum effects on mood and health-related quality of life in women with fibromyalgia. Healthcare (Basel) 2020;8(4):520. PubMed
- Kogure T, Koiwai A, Fukushi D, et al. Hypereosinophilia with hepatic nodule formation caused by Ganoderma lucidum. Intern Med 2021;60(24):3897-3903.
Licorice 92 references
- Farese RV Jr, Biglieri EG, Shackleton CH, et al. Licorice-induced hypermineralocorticoidism. N Engl J Med 1991;325:1223-7. PubMed
- Sigurjonsdottir HA, Ragnarsson J, Franzson L, Sigurdsson G. Is blood pressure commonly raised by moderate consumption of liquorice? J Hum Hypertens 1995;9:345-8.
- Armanini D, Lewicka S, Pratesi C, et al. Further studies on the mechanism of the mineralocorticoid action of licorice in humans. J Endocrinol Invest 1996;19:624-9. PubMed
- Zhang YD, Lorenzo B, Reidenberg MM. Inhibition of 11 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase obtained from guinea pig kidney by furosemide, naringenin and some other compounds. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1994;49:81-5.
- Strandberg TE, Jarvenpaa AL, Vanhanen H, McKeigue PM. Birth outcome in relation to licorice consumption during pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol 2001;153:1085-8. PubMed
- Sigurjonsdottir HA, Franzson L, Manhem K, et al. Liquorice-induced rise in blood pressure: a linear dose-response relationship. J Hum Hypertens 2001;15:549-52. PubMed
- Amato P, Christophe S, Mellon PL. Estrogenic activity of herbs commonly used as remedies for menopausal symptoms. Menopause 2002;9:145-50. PubMed
- Kent UM, Aviram M, Rosenblat M, Hollenberg PF. The licorice root derived isoflavan glabridin inhibits the activities of human cytochrome P450S 3A4, 2B6, and 2C9. Drug Metab Dispos 2002;30:709-15.. PubMed
- Yoshida S, Takayama Y. Licorice-induced hypokalemia as a treatable cause of dropped head syndrome. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2003;105:286-7.. PubMed
- Strandberg TE, Andersson S, Jarvenpaa AL, et al. Preterm birth and licorice consumption during pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol 2002;156:803-5.. PubMed
- Hussain RM. The sweet cake that reaches parts other cakes can't! Postgrad Med J 2003;79:115-6.. PubMed
- Morris DJ, Davis E, Latif SA. Licorice, tobacco chewing, and hypertension. N Engl J Med 1990;322:849-50. PubMed
- Quinkler M, Stewart PM. Hypertension and the cortisol-cortisone shuttle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003;88:2384-92. PubMed
- Westman EC, Guthrie GP. Licorice, tobacco chewing, and hypertension. N Engl J Med 1990;322:850. PubMed
- Mu Y, Zhang J, Zhang S, et al. Traditional Chinese medicines Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra chinensis Baill) and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch) activate pregnane X receptor and increase warfarin clearance in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2006;316:1369-77. PubMed
- Yasue H, Itoh T, Mizuno Y, Harada E. Severe hypokalemia, rhabdomyolysis, muscle paralysis, and respiratory impairment in a hypertensive patient taking herbal medicines containing licorice. Intern Med 2007;46:575-8. PubMed
- Brayley J, Jones J. Life-threatening hypokalemia associated with excessive licorice ingestion (letter). Am J Psychiatry 1994;151:617-8. PubMed
- de Klerk GJ, Nieuwenhuis G, Beutler JJ. Hypokalaemia and hypertension associated with use of liquorice flavoured chewing gum. BMJ 1997;314:731-2.
- Dellow EL, Unwin RJ, Honour JW. Pontefract cakes can be bad for you: refractory hypertension and liquorice excess. Nephol Dial Transplant 1999;14:218-20. PubMed
- Elinav E, Chajek-Shaul T. Licorice consumption causing severe hypokalemic paralysis. Mayo Clin Proc 2003;78:767-8. PubMed
- Eriksson JW, Carlberg B, Hillom V. Life-threatening ventricular tachycardia due to liquorice-induced hypokalemia. J Intern Med 1999;245:307-10.
- Janse A, van Iersel M, Hoefnagels WH, Olde Rikker MG. The old lady who liked liquorice: hypertension due to chronic intoxication in a memory-impaired patient. Neth J Med 2005;63:149-50.
- Lin SH, Yang SS, Chau T, Halperin ML. An unusual cause of hypokalemic paralysis: chronic licorice ingestion. Am J Med Sci 2003;325:153-6. PubMed
- van den Bosch AE, van der Klooster JM, Zuidgeest DM, et al. Severe hypokalemic paralysis and rhabdomyolysis due to ingestion of liquorice. Neth J Med 2005;63:146-8.
- van Uum SH. Liquorice and hypertension. Neth J Med 2005;63:119-20.
- Russo S, Mastropasqua M, Mosetti MA, et al. Low doses of liquorice can induce hypertension encephalopathy. Am J Nephrol 2000;20:145-8. PubMed
- Stormer FC, Reistad R, Alexander J. Glycyrrhizic acid in liquorice - evaluation of health hazard. Food Chem Toxicol 1993;31:303-12. PubMed
- Sontia B, Mooney J, Gaudet L, Touyz RM. Pseudohyperaldosteronism, liquorice, and hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2008;10:153-7. PubMed
- Francini-Pesenti F, Puato M, Piccoli A, Brocadello F. Liquorice-induced hypokalaemia and water retention in the absence of hypertension. Phytother Res 2008;22:563-5. PubMed
- Lapi F, Gallo E, Bernasconi S, et al. Myopathies associated with red yeast rice and liquorice: spontaneous reports from the Italian Surveillance System of Natural Health Products. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008;66:572-4. PubMed
- Chen MF, Shimada F, Kato H, Yano S, Kanaoka M. Effect of glycyrrhizin on the pharmacokinetics of prednisolone following low dosage of prednisolone hemisuccinate. Endocrinol Jpn 1990;37:331-41. PubMed
- Teelucksingh S, Mackie AD, Burt D, McIntyre MA, Brett L, Edwards CR. Potentiation of hydrocortisone activity in skin by glycyrrhetinic acid. Lancet 1990;335(8697):1060-3. PubMed
- Heidemann HT, Kreuzfelder E. Hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria due to licorice ingestion and diuretic treatment. Klin Wochenschr 1983;61:303-5. PubMed
- Hukkanen J, Ukkola O, Savolainen MJ. Effects of low-dose liquorice alone or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide on the plasma potassium in healthy volunteers. Blood Press 2009;18:192-5. PubMed
- Bisogni V, Rossi GP, Calò LA. Apparent mineralcorticoid excess syndrome, an often forgotten or unrecognized cause of hypokalemia and hypertension: case report and appraisal of the pathophysiology. Blood Press. 2014 Jun;23(3):189-92. PubMed
- Dehours E, Vallé B, Rougé-Bugat ME, Florent B, Bounes V, Franchitto N. Suspected hypokalaemia following liquorice ingestion on board ship. J Telemed Telecare. 2013 Jun;19(4):227-8. PubMed
- Kormann R, Languille E, Amiot HM, Hertig A. Dying for a cup of tea. BMJ Case Rep. 2012 Oct 19;2012. PubMed
- Panduranga P, Al-Rawahi N. Licorice-induced severe hypokalemia with recurrent torsade de pointes. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2013 Nov;18(6):593-6. PubMed
- Räikkönen K, Seckl JR, Heinonen K, Pyhälä R, Feldt K, Jones A, Pesonen AK, Phillips DI, Lahti J, Järvenpää AL, Eriksson JG, Matthews KA, Strandberg TE, Kajantie E. Maternal prenatal licorice consumption alters hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis fu
- Robles BJ, Sandoval AR, Dardon JD, Blas CA. Lethal liquorice lollies (liquorice abuse causing pseudohyperaldosteronism). BMJ Case Rep. 2013 Sep 19;2013. PubMed
- Chamberlain, J. J. and Abolnik, I. Z. Pulmonary edema following a licorice binge. West J Med 1997;167(3):184-185.
- Barrella, M., Lauria, G., Quatrale, R., and Paolino, E. Hypokaliemic rhabdomyolysis associated with liquorice ingestion: report of an atypical case. Ital.J Neurol.Sci 1997;18(4):217-220. PubMed
- Fugh-Berman, A. Herb-drug interactions. Lancet 2000;355(9198):134-138. PubMed
- Hasegawa, J., Suyama, Y., Kinugawa, T., Morisawa, T., and Kishimoto, Y. Echocardiographic findings of the heart resembling dilated cardiomyopathy during hypokalemic myopathy due to licorice-induced pseudoaldosteronism. Cardiovasc.Drugs Ther 1998;12(6):59 PubMed
- van Rossum, T. G., Vulto, A. G., Hop, W. C., Brouwer, J. T., Niesters, H. G., and Schalm, S. W. Intravenous glycyrrhizin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase I/II trial. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 199 PubMed
- Lozano, P., Flores, D., Martinez, S., Artigues, I., Rimbau, E. M., and Gomez, F. Upper limb ischemia induced by chronic licorice ingestion. J Cardiovasc.Surg (Torino) 2000;41(4):631-632.
- Brouwers, A. J. and van der, Meulen J. ['Licorice hypertension' also caused by licorice tea]. Ned.Tijdschr Geneeskd. 4-14-2001;145(15):744-747.
- van Rossum, T. G., Vulto, A. G., Hop, W. C., and Schalm, S. W. Glycyrrhizin-induced reduction of ALT in European patients with chronic hepatitis C. Am J Gastroenterol 2001;96(8):2432-2437. PubMed
- Sigurjonsdottir, H. A., Manhem, K., Axelson, M., and Wallerstedt, S. Subjects with essential hypertension are more sensitive to the inhibition of 11 beta-HSD by liquorice. J Hum Hypertens 2003;17(2):125-131.
- Shintani, S., Murase, H., Tsukagoshi, H., and Shiigai, T. Glycyrrhizin (licorice)-induced hypokalemic myopathy. Report of 2 cases and review of the literature. Eur Neurol 1992;32(1):44-51. PubMed
- Chen, M. F., Shimada, F., Kato, H., Yano, S., and Kanaoka, M. Effect of oral administration of glycyrrhizin on the pharmacokinetics of prednisolone. Endocrinol Jpn 1991;38(2):167-174. PubMed
- Lee, C. K., Park, K. K., Lim, S. S., Park, J. H., and Chung, W. Y. Effects of the licorice extract against tumor growth and cisplatin-induced toxicity in a mouse xenograft model of colon cancer. Biol Pharm Bull 2007;30(11):2191-2195. PubMed
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