Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Platinum Muscle Builder Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by MuscleTech

Platinum Muscle Builder label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Non-nutrient/non-botanical
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Platinum Muscle Builder against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Platinum Muscle Builder is a dietary supplement by MuscleTech with 2 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for replacing fluids and electrolytes, preventing dehydration during exercise or illness, treating low blood sodium (under medical care).Based on those ingredients, 252 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Sodium, PEAK ATP. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Platinum Muscle Builder by MuscleTech

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Platinum Muscle Builder by MuscleTech — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Platinum Muscle Builder by MuscleTech

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Sep 3, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 2 of its 2 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

Platinum Muscle Builder contains 2 active ingredients: sodium and PEAK ATP (a form of adenosine). Sodium is an essential electrolyte that helps regulate fluid balance and nerve function, though the supplement form adds to your dietary intake.

PEAK ATP is meant to support energy production in muscle cells. The product also includes several inactive ingredients—microcrystalline cellulose, gelatin, titanium dioxide, FD&C Blue No.

1, magnesium stearate, and silicon dioxide—which serve as binders, capsule material, and colorant.

Does it work?

Insufficient evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Insufficient

There isn't enough reliable clinical evidence to rate this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: muscle building and strength performance.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, muscle mass gain, lean muscle development, strength enhancement.
  • The closest evidence on file: Adenosine is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Athletic performance (Natural Medicines).

The effectiveness evidence for these ingredients is mixed and depends on the use. For sodium, there's strong evidence it's effective for cystic fibrosis and some evidence it may help protect kidney function during amphotericin B treatment.

However, there isn't enough reliable evidence to say whether sodium supplementation helps with bipolar disorder or heart failure. For PEAK ATP (adenosine), the data we hold shows it's effective when used as a prescription injectable for certain heart rhythm problems and cardiac imaging—but that's the medical form, not this oral supplement.

The evidence supporting the oral supplement form for muscle building isn't established in our data.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Sodium Adenosine

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 2 of the 2 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 2 of 2.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 2 of 2.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Sodium is generally well tolerated when taken in normal dietary amounts, but supplements add extra sodium on top of what you eat. Too much sodium is linked to high blood pressure, heart strain, and worsening of kidney disease—so avoid sodium supplements or high intake without your doctor's guidance.

For PEAK ATP, there's limited safety information on the oral supplement form; the prescription injectable version is powerful and carries cardiovascular risks. The facts don't provide enough data to assess safety during breastfeeding, so check with your doctor or pharmacist if you're pregnant or nursing.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Sodium Adenosine

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 2 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Adenosine, Sodium.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: lithium.
  • For scale: 252 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take dipyridamole (Persantine)—this is a Major interaction with PEAK ATP. Also flag carbamazepine (Tegretol) due to a Moderate heart block risk, then blood pressure medications, lithium, corticosteroids, didanosine (Videx), tolvaptan (Samsca), or any sodium-containing drugs.

Caffeine, aminophylline, and theophylline (in coffee, tea, or asthma/heart medications) can also weaken PEAK ATP's effects.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with insufficient evidence for its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product's interactions mainly concern people on blood pressure medications, lithium, heart medications like dipyridamole or carbamazepine, or corticosteroids. The sodium content is also a concern if you have high blood pressure, kidney disease, or heart failure.

Because the safety and effectiveness of the oral PEAK ATP form aren't well established, and the ingredient interactions are significant, talk with your doctor or pharmacist before starting this product—especially if you take any prescription medications.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 2 of 2 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Mar 22, 2023.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Platinum Muscle Builder, straight from the product label.

Brand MuscleTech
Barcode (UPC) 631656606805
Net contents 30 Rapid-Release Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Mar 22, 2023
DSLD ID 288347
Product type Non-nutrient/non-botanical
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Women (not pregnant or lactating)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Platinum Muscle Builder by MuscleTech, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
631656606805
IngredientAmount% DV
Sodium35 mg2%
PEAK ATP400 mg--

Other ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Gelatin, Titanium Dioxide, FD&C Blue No. 1, Magnesium Stearate, Silicon Dioxide

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation

Clinically-backed musclebuilding formula Looking for powerful results when they matter most? Muscle Builder will get you there. The potent formula features a science-backed key ingredient in a fully disclosed, clinically-dosed amount. In a 12-week human scientific study, hard-training subjects gained 8.8 lbs of lean muscle vs. the placebo group, which gained 4.6 lbs. That's 90% more lean muscle. In another part of the same study, test subjects increased muscle thickness by 96% more than the increase for the placebo group. These same subjects experienced an increase in strength that was 147% more than the strength increase achieved by the placebo group.

Shirt-splitting pumps The key ingredient in Muscle Builder has been shown to support vasodilation and blood flow for amazing muscle pumps. What's more, research suggests it can also increase anabolic signaling by activating the mTOR pathway.

Subjects built 8.8 lbs of muscle Boost performance

Clinically-backed Strength enhancer

Made in the U.S.A. from international ingredients.

Formula

Increase strength & performance Engineered for those focused on taking their training to the next level, every serving of Muscle Builder features a 400 mg scientific dose of PEAK ATP (adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium) to enhance strength and performance when used in combination with a resistance training regimen and balanced diet.

400 mg PEAK ATP per serving

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

1 capsule per day

Directions: Take 1 serving (1 capsule) with a glass of water 30 to 45 minutes before your workout. On non-training days, take 1 serving on an empty stomach before breakfast. Do not exceed 1 serving in a 24-hour period. Read the entire label before use and follow directions provided.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Brand IP Statement(s)

Copyright 2021.

PEAK ATP is a registered trademark of TSI USA LLC and is used under license. Uses of ATP are licensed to Iovate by TSI USA LLC under U.S. patent numbers 6,723,737, 7,671,038, and 7,629,329.

Precautions

Warning: For adult use only.

Do not use if pregnant or nursing.

Consult a medical doctor before use if you have a medical condition and before starting a diet or exercise program.

Keep out of reach of children.

Do not use if packaging has been tampered with.

Contains a bioengineered food ingredient.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place (60 degrees F to 80 degrees F).

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

General Statements

Instagram Twitter @muscletech Find us on Facebook Muscletech.com

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Platinum Muscle Builder by MuscleTech label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Platinum Muscle Builder label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Platinum Muscle Builder by MuscleTech

These are the 2 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Sodium

Interacts with
205 drugs
35 mg per serving

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets g...

Sodium monograph & interactions

PEAK ATP

Interacts with
47 drugs
400 mg per serving

Adenosine is a natural building block your body uses for energy and cell signaling, and a prescription injectable version is used by doctors to treat...

PEAK ATP monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Gelatin, Titanium Dioxide, FD&C Blue No. 1, Magnesium Stearate, Silicon Dioxide. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Platinum Muscle Builder by MuscleTech Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Platinum Muscle Builder?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
252Drugs
2 Major 206 Moderate 44 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Sodium 205
PEAK ATP 47

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Platinum Muscle Builder interact with 252 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 2 ingredients in Platinum Muscle Builder interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Sodium PEAK ATP

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Platinum Muscle Builder with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Sodium7 drug types · 205 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, a high intake of dietary sodium might reduce the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs.
High intake of dietary sodium can increase systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Also, high intake of sodium may necessitate increased use of antihypertensive medications to achieve blood pressure control in some patients, such as those with chronic kidney disease.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Corticosteroids

Concomitant use of mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids (corticosteroids) cause sodium retention. This effect is dose-related and depends on mineralocorticoid potency. It is most common with hydrocortisone, cortisone, and fludrocortisone, followed by prednisone and prednisolone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Didanosine (Videx)

Concomitant use of didanosine with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Didanosine formulations contain a significant amount of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Lithium

Altering dietary intake of sodium might alter the levels and clinical effects of lithium.
High sodium intake can reduce plasma concentrations of lithium by increasing lithium excretion. Reducing sodium intake can significantly increase plasma concentrations of lithium and cause lithium toxicity in patients being treated with lithium carbonate. Stabilizing sodium intake is shown to reduce the percentage of patients with lithium level fluctuations above 0.8 mEq/L. Patients taking lithium should avoid significant alterations in their dietary intake of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Sodium Phosphates

Theoretically, concomitant use of sodium phosphate with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Use of high doses (> 45 mL in 24 hours) of sodium phosphate, such as those used for bowel cleansing before surgery, can lead to serious electrolyte disturbances, including hypernatremia. The risk of hypernatremia is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Sodium-Containing Drugs

Concomitant use of sodium-containing drugs with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia and long-term sodium-related complications.
The Chronic Disease Risk Reduction (CDRR) intake level of 2.3 grams of sodium daily indicates the intake at which it is believed that chronic disease risk increases for the apparently healthy population. Some medications contain high quantities of sodium. When used in conjunction with sodium supplements or high-sodium diets, the CDRR may be exceeded. Additionally, concomitant use may increase the risk for hypernatremia; this risk is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tolvaptan (Samsca)

Theoretically, concomitant use of tolvaptan with sodium might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Tolvaptan is a vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist that is used to increase sodium levels in patients with hyponatremia. Patients taking tolvaptan should use caution with the use of sodium salts such as sodium chloride.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Sodium full monograph & interactions

PEAK ATP3 drug types · 47 drugs

Dipyridamole (Persantine)

Dipyridamole can increase the therapeutic and toxic effects of adenosine.
Dipyridamole decreases the metabolism of adenosine. Intravenous infusion of adenosine in patients who are taking dipyridamole can cause dizziness, bradycardia, and syncope. Dipyridamole should be discontinued for several days prior to a cardiac stress test using adenosine.

Likelihood Likely Evidence D
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

Carbamazepine might increase the risk of heart block when used concomitantly with adenosine.
Carbamazepine and adenosine can both cause heart block. Giving them concurrently might produce an additive effect.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Methylxanthines

Methylxanthines are competitive antagonists of adenosine and can block its pharmacologic effects.
The methylxanthines, aminophylline, caffeine, and theophylline, can block the effects of adenosine by acting as competitive antagonists at adenosine cell surface receptors. It is recommended that methylxanthines be avoided for 24 hours prior to cardiac stress tests.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
PEAK ATP full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Platinum Muscle Builder, from the product label.

MuscleTech

See all MuscleTech products
Name
Iovate Health Sciences U.S.A. Inc.
Street Address
1105 North Market Street, Suite 1330
City
Wilmington
State
DE
ZipCode
19801
Web Address
muscletech.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Platinum Muscle Builder by MuscleTech: Common Questions

Does Platinum Muscle Builder by MuscleTech interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Platinum Muscle Builder has a known interaction with 252 medications, including 2 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Platinum Muscle Builder contains 2 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
What is PEAK ATP, and what's it supposed to do?
PEAK ATP is adenosine, a compound that helps produce energy in your muscle cells. The prescription form works well for certain heart rhythm problems, but evidence for the oral supplement form in muscle building isn't established in our data.
Why is there so much sodium in this product?
Sodium is an essential mineral, but the supplement form adds to your daily intake. If you're on blood pressure medication, have high blood pressure, kidney disease, or heart failure, extra sodium can cause problems—so check with your doctor before taking it.
Can I take this with caffeine or energy drinks?
Caffeine (and similar compounds in tea, coffee, and some medications) blocks adenosine's effects, so combining them may weaken what this product is supposed to do. It's worth discussing with your pharmacist if you regularly use caffeine.
Is this product safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding?
The safety data for this product during pregnancy and breastfeeding isn't well established. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice if you're pregnant or nursing.
What are the side effects of PEAK ATP?
When adenosine is given as a powerful injection, it can cause chest pain, dizziness, headache, low blood pressure, and heart rhythm problems. For the oral supplement form, a thorough safety evaluation hasn't been done, so the side effect profile isn't clear.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Platinum Muscle Builder label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Platinum Muscle Builder’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Sodium

Interacts with 205 drugs

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets get more than enough—often too much—from...

Read the full Sodium monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Adenosine

Interacts with 47 drugs

Adenosine is a natural building block your body uses for energy and cell signaling, and a prescription injectable version is used by doctors to treat certain fast heart rhythms. As an over-t...

Read the full Adenosine monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Platinum Muscle Builder's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 48 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Sodium 38 references
  1. Garabedian-Ruffalo SM, Ruffalo RL. Drug and nutrient interactions. Am Fam Physician 1986;33:165-74.
  2. Food and Drug Administration Science Background: Safety of Sodium Phosphates Oral Solution. September 17, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/safety/sodiumphospate.htm
  3. Coton T, Mallaret C, Coilliot C, Carre D, Guisset M. Severe acute ulcerated gastritis induced by salt. Presse Med 2009;38(3):499-500. PubMed
  4. Frings-Meuthen P, Buehlmeier J, Baecker N, et al. High sodium chloride intake exacerbates immobilization-induced bone resorption and protein losses. J Appl Physiol 2011;111(2):537-542. PubMed
  5. Frings-Meuthen P, Baecker N, Heer M. Low-grade metabolic acidosis may be the cause of sodium chloride-induced exaggerated bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res 2008;23(4):517-524. PubMed
  6. Alam S, Johnson AG. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) among healthy normotensive and essential hypertensive elderly patients to determine the effect of high salt (NaCl) diet of blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens 1999;13(6):367-74.
  7. Boudville N, Ward S, Benaroia M, House AA. Increased sodium intake correlates with greater use of antihypertensive agents by subjects with chronic kidney disease. Am J Hypertens 2005;18(10):1300-5. PubMed
  8. Bennett WM. Drug interactions and consequences of sodium restriction. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;65(2 Suppl):678S-681S. PubMed
  9. Okusa MD, Crystal LJ. Clinical manifestations and management of acute lithium intoxication. Am J Med 1994;97(4):383-9. PubMed
  10. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for water, potassium, sodium, chloride, and sulfate. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2005. Available at: http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10925. DOI
  11. D'Elia L, Rossi G, Ippolito R, Cappuccio FP, Strazzullo P. Habitual salt intake and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Clin Nutr 2012;31(4):489-98. PubMed
  12. Goldsmith SR. Hyponatremia in heart failure: time for a trial. J Card Fail 2013;19(6):398-400. PubMed
  13. Willocks L, Brettle R, Keen J, Valentine C, Pinching AJ. Formulations of didanosine (ddI) and salt overload. Lancet 1992;339(8786):190.
  14. Chen L, Zhang Z, Chen W, Whelton PK, Appel LJ. Lower Sodium Intake and Risk of Headaches: Results From the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(7):1270-5. PubMed
  15. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Lower levels of sodium intake and reduced cardiovascular risk. Circulation. 2014;129(9):981-9. PubMed
  16. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Sodium Intake and All-Cause Mortality Over 20 Years in the Trials of Hypertension Prevention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(15):1609-1617. PubMed
  17. Mente A, O'Donnell M, Rangarajan S, et al. Associations of urinary sodium excretion with cardiovascular events in individuals with and without hypertension: a pooled analysis of data from four studies. Lancet. 2016;388(10043):465-75. PubMed
  18. Moosavian SP, Haghighatdoost F, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Salt and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2017;68(3):265-277. PubMed
  19. O'Donnell M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, et al. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion, mortality, and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(7):612-23. DOI
  20. Poggio R, Gutierrez L, Matta MG, Elorriaga N, Irazola V, Rubinstein A. Daily sodium consumption and CVD mortality in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(4):695-704. PubMed
  21. Stallings VA, Harrison M, Oria M; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium, Food and Nutrition Board, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington (DC): National Acad
  22. Mahtani KR, Heneghan C, Onakpoya I, et al. Reduced Salt Intake for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1693-1700. PubMed
  23. Yancy CW. Sodium Restriction in Heart Failure: Too Much Uncertainty-Do the Trials. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1700-1701. PubMed
  24. He FJ, Campbell NRC, Ma Y, MacGregor GA, Cogswell ME, Cook NR. Errors in estimating usual sodium intake by the Kawasaki formula alter its relationship with mortality: implications for public health. Int J Epidemiol. 2018;47(6):1784-1795. PubMed
  25. Murthy K, Ondrey GJ, Malkani N, et al. THE EFFECTS OF HYPONATREMIA ON BONE DENSITY AND FRACTURES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. Endocr Pract. 2019;25(4):366-378. PubMed
  26. Messerli FH, Hofstetter L, Syrogiannouli L, et al. Sodium intake, life expectancy, and all-cause mortality. Eur Heart J 2021;42(21):2103-2112. PubMed
  27. Graudal NA, Hubeck-Graudal T, Jurgens G. Effects of low sodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020;12(12):CD004022. PubMed
  28. Giatti S, Santos RB, Aielo AN, et al. Association of sodium with obstructive sleep apnea. The ELSA-Brasil study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2021;18(3):502-510. PubMed
  29. Nan X, Lu H, Wu J, et al. The interactive association between sodium intake, alcohol consumption and hypertension among elderly in northern China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2021;21(1):135. PubMed
  30. Kyozuka H, Fukusda T, Murata T, et al. Impact of preconception sodium intake on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: The Japan Environment and Children's study. Pregnancy Hypertens 2021;23:66-72. PubMed
  31. Zhao L, Ogden CL, Yang Q, et al. Association of usual sodium intake with obesity among US children and adolescents, NHANES 2009-2016. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021;29(3):587-594. PubMed
  32. Ma Y, He FJ, Sun Q, et al. 24-Hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion and cardiovascular risk. N Engl J Med 2022;386(3):252-263. PubMed
  33. Liu J, Yang X, Zhang P, et al. Association of urinary sodium excretion and left ventricular hypertrophy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021;12:728493. PubMed
  34. Filippini T, Malavolti M, Whelton PK, Vinceti M. Sodium intake and risk of hypertension: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational cohort studies. Curr Hypertens Rep 2022;24(5):133-144. PubMed
  35. Wang DD, Li Y, Nguyen XT, et al. Dietary sodium and potassium intake and risk of non-fatal cardiovascular diseases: The million veteran program. Nutrients 2022;14(5):1121. PubMed
  36. Kwak JH, Park CH, Eun CS, et al. The associations of dietary intake of high sodium and low zinc with gastric cancer mortality: A prospective cohort study in Korea. Nutr Cancer 2022;74(10):3501-3508. PubMed
  37. George S, Maiti R, Mishra BR, Jena M, Mohapatra D. Effect of regulated add-on sodium chloride intake on stabilization of serum lithium concentration in bipolar disorder: A randomized controlled trial. Bipolar Disord 2023;25(1):66-75. PubMed
  38. Zhou TL, Schütten MTJ, Kroon AA, et al. Urinary Sodium Excretion and Salt Intake Are Not Associated With Blood Pressure Variability in a White General Population. J Am Heart Assoc 2023;12(1):e026578. PubMed

See these in context on the Sodium monograph →

Adenosine 10 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Agteresch HJ, Dagnelie PC, van den Berg JW, Wilson JH. Adenosine triphosphate: established and potential clinical applications. Drugs 1999;58:211-32.. PubMed
  3. Agteresch HJ, Dagnelie PC, van der Gaast A, et al. Randomized clinical trial of adenosine 5'-triphosphate in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000;92:321-8.. PubMed
  4. Haskell CM, Wong M, Williams A, Lee LY. Phase I trial of extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate in patients with advanced cancer. Med Pediatr Oncol 1996;27:165-73.. DOI
  5. Haskell CM, Mendoza E, Pisters KM, et al. Phase II study of intravenous adenosine 5'-triphosphate in patients with previously untreated stage IIIB and stage IV non-small cell lung cancer. Invest New Drugs 1998;16:81-5.. PubMed
  6. Eisenach JC, Curry R, Hood DD. Dose response of intrathecal adenosine in experimental pain and allodynia. Anesthesiology 2002;97:938-42.. PubMed
  7. Agteresch HJ, Dagnelie PC, Rietveld T, et al. Pharmacokinetics of intravenous ATP in cancer patients. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2000;56:49-55.. PubMed
  8. Underwood DA. Which medications should be held before a pharmacologic or exercise stress test? Cleve Clin J Med 2002;69:449-50. PubMed
  9. Litmann L, Anderson JD, Monroe MH. Adenosine and Aggrenox: A hazardous combination. Ann Intern Med 2002;137:E-76. PubMed
  10. Faghihi G, Iraji F, Rajaee Harandi M, et al. Comparison of the efficacy of topical minoxidil 5% and adenosine 0.75% solutions on male androgenic alopecia and measuring patient satisfaction rate. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2013;21(3):155-9.

See these in context on the Adenosine monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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