Pro-C Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Pro-C against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Pro-C is a dietary supplement by Healthway Medical, P.C. with 8 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for common cold and immune support, antioxidant support, skin health and collagen formation.Based on those ingredients, 1,351 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Stevia, Vitamin C, Bifidobacterium longum. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Pro-C by Healthway Medical, P.C.
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Pro-C by Healthway Medical, P.C. — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
Ask the Pharmacist
A licensed pharmacist will answer your question by email — free, usually within 24 hours.
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Pro-C by Healthway Medical, P.C.
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Pro-C contains 11 active ingredients blending vitamins, minerals, and probiotics. Sodium provides an essential electrolyte; vitamin C (as ascorbic acid) and acerola fruit powder supply vitamin C for antioxidant support.
Stevia is a sweetener. The product includes four probiotic strains—Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium breve, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and L. rhamnosus—plus L. casei and L. plantarum for digestive and immune support.
Citrus bioflavonoids round out the formula. The inactive ingredients are xylitol, orange powder, stearic acid, natural orange flavor, and magnesium stearate.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
The evidence for Pro-C's ingredients is mixed. Sodium is likely effective for cystic fibrosis and possibly effective for amphotericin B nephrotoxicity.
Vitamin C is effective for vitamin C deficiency and possibly effective for anemia of chronic disease, atrial fibrillation, cataracts, and exercise-induced respiratory infections. The probiotic L. acidophilus is possibly effective for irritable bowel syndrome, H. pylori infection, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and bacterial vaginosis.
Acerola fruit powder is possibly effective for vitamin C deficiency. For stevia, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity, and for several other proposed uses of the probiotics and other ingredients, the evidence we hold is insufficient to rate.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Sodium is generally well tolerated at normal dietary levels, but too much is linked to high blood pressure and heart strain. Avoid sodium supplements or very high intake without medical advice.
Vitamin C is generally well tolerated at typical doses; above 2 grams daily, it may cause abdominal cramps, heartburn, diarrhea, nausea, and headache. In people prone to kidney stones, high doses carry a risk.
Stevia appears well tolerated in food amounts; most minor effects like bloating and dizziness resolve after the first week. The probiotics are generally well tolerated in healthy people, though rare cases of serious infection have occurred in critically ill or severely immunocompromised patients.
For pregnancy and lactation: sodium is likely safe overall but rated possibly unsafe in some contexts; vitamin C and acerola are likely safe but possibly unsafe in certain situations; stevia and the probiotics lack sufficient pregnancy/lactation data on file—talk with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice. L. acidophilus has no pregnancy/lactation data listed.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking Pro-C, check these medication types with your pharmacist: blood pressure medications (antihypertensives), as sodium can reduce their effectiveness; lithium, since both sodium and stevia may affect its levels; antibiotic drugs, because probiotics work best when separated from antibiotics by several hours; warfarin and other blood thinners, due to vitamin C; estrogen-based birth control and hormone therapy; and chemotherapy drugs like alkylating agents and antitumor antibiotics. These are the main interactions documented for the ingredients we could check.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Pro-C is a multifunctional supplement combining vitamin C, probiotics, and minerals. It may be worth considering if you're looking for digestive support or vitamin C supplementation, but it's not for everyone.
If you take any prescription medications—especially blood pressure drugs, warfarin, lithium, oral contraceptives, or antibiotics—check with your pharmacist before starting. Those with high blood pressure or on a sodium-restricted diet should be cautious with the sodium content.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 8 of 11 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Feb 24, 2017.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Pro-C, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Healthway Medical, P.C. |
|---|---|
| Net contents | 90 Chewable Tablet(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Feb 24, 2017 |
| DSLD ID | 70386 |
| Product type | Other Combinations |
| Supplement form | Tablet Or Pill |
| Dietary claims / uses | Nutrient |
| Intended target group(s) | Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Pro-C by Healthway Medical, P.C., sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Sodium | 565.3 mg | 88% |
| Vitamin C | 750 mg | -- |
| Ascorbic Acid | 252.54 mg | 100% |
| Stevia | 15 mg | 90% |
| Citrus Bioflavonoids | 3.75 mg | 50% |
| L. rhamnosus | 0 NP | -- |
| Bifidobacterium longum | 0 NP | -- |
| Bifidobacterium breve | 0 NP | -- |
| L. casei | 0 NP | -- |
| L. acidophilus | 0 NP | -- |
| L. plantarum | 0 NP | -- |
| Acerola fruit powder | 3.75 mg | -- |
| Non-Dairy Probiotic Proprietary Blend | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Xylitol, Orange powder, Stearic Acid, natural Orange flavor, Magnesium Stearate
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formula
750 mg Vitamin C with Probiotics
Formulation
Vegetarian
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested Use: As a dietary supplement, chew 1 tablet daily or recommended by your health care provider.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Pro-C by Healthway Medical, P.C. label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Pro-C by Healthway Medical, P.C.
These are the 8 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Chewable Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Servings per container90 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Vitamin C
Interacts with207 drugs
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an essential nutrient your body needs but cannot make, so you must get it from food or supplements. It's important for im...
Vitamin C monograph & interactionsStevia
Interacts with259 drugs
Stevia is a plant-based, calorie-free sweetener that is widely used as a sugar alternative and is considered safe in normal food amounts by major regu...
Stevia monograph & interactionsNon-Dairy Probiotic Proprietary Blend
- › L. rhamnosus
- › Bifidobacterium longum
- › Bifidobacterium breve
- › L. casei
- › L. acidophilus
- › L. plantarum
Other (inactive) ingredients: Xylitol, Orange powder, Stearic Acid, Natural Orange flavor, Magnesium Stearate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Pro-C by Healthway Medical, P.C. Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Pro-C by Healthway Medical contains several ingredients with documented interactions with medications.
The most serious concern is sodium, which has moderate interactions with blood pressure medications (antihypertensives). High sodium intake can reduce how well these drugs work and may require dose increases to control your blood pressure.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in this product interacts moderately with estrogens (including birth control pills and hormone therapy), chemotherapy drugs like alkylating agents and antitumor antibiotics, warfarin (a blood thinner), and several others. Acerola fruit powder, which also contains vitamin C, carries similar moderate concerns with chemotherapy agents, plus minor interactions with aspirin, warfarin, and estrogens—though its vitamin C content is likely too low for clinically significant effects.
Stevia has moderate interactions with lithium and minor interactions with blood pressure and diabetes medications. The three probiotic ingredients—Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium breve, and Lactobacillus acidophilus—all interact moderately with antibiotics; they work best when taken separately from antibiotic drugs.
We could not check Citrus Bioflavonoids, L. rhamnosus, L. casei, or L. plantarum for interactions. Altogether, these interactions span 674 individual medications.
Before starting Pro-C, run your current medications through the interaction checker below, especially if you take blood pressure drugs, warfarin, lithium, oral contraceptives, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, or antibiotics.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Pro-C?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Pro-C interact with 1,351 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
5 of the 8 ingredients in Pro-C interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Stevia Vitamin C Bifidobacterium longum Bifidobacterium breve L. acidophilus
Ado-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with Pro-C — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with Pro-C — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with Pro-C — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with Pro-C — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Pro-C — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the levels and adverse effects of CYP2C9 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with Pro-C — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsP-glycoprotein Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of P-glycoprotein substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acalabrutinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of quercetin and antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acarbose interactionSteviaAntidiabetes Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, stevia might increase the risk for hypoglycemia when combined with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Stevia + Acarbose interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with Pro-C — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking quercetin with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acebutolol interactionSodiumAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, a high intake of dietary sodium might reduce the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Sodium + Acebutolol interactionSteviaAntihypertensive Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, combining stevia or stevia constituents with antihypertensive agents might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Stevia + Acebutolol interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Pro-C — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsOrganic Anion Transporter 1 (oat1) Substrates, Organic Anion Transporter 3 (oat3) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the effects and adverse effects of OAT1 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others), Aspirin Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcerola Fruit PowderAspirin Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, acerola might reduce the clearance of aspirin; however, its vitamin C content is likely too low to produce clinically significant effects.
Read the full Acerola Fruit Powder + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Pro-C — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsOrganic Anion Transporter 3 (oat3) Substrates, Organic Anion Transporter 1 (oat1) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the effects and adverse effects of OAT3 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others), Aspirin Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcerola Fruit PowderAspirin Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, acerola might reduce the clearance of aspirin; however, its vitamin C content is likely too low to produce clinically significant effects.
Read the full Acerola Fruit Powder + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the levels and adverse effects of CYP2D6 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the levels and adverse effects of CYP2D6 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the levels and adverse effects of CYP2D6 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the levels and adverse effects of CYP2D6 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the levels and adverse effects of CYP2D6 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, DextromethorphanCoricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan HydrobromideCoricidin HBP Maximum Strength Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the levels and adverse effects of CYP2D6 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PhenylpropanolamineMulti Symptom Cold Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PseudoephedrineChildren's Tylenol Cold Plus Cough, Tylenol Cold Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the levels and adverse effects of CYP2D6 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic GG
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylephrineAlka-Seltzer PLUS, Histex SR, Protid
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic, Rhinogesic JR
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineAlumadrine, Conex, Sinadrin Max Strength, Sinulin
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Pro-C — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus BioflavonoidsCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Citrus Bioflavonoids + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAscorbic AcidAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
Read the full Ascorbic Acid + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Pro-C with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Stevia
Lithium
Theoretically, stevia might decrease clearance and increase levels of lithium.
Animal research suggests that stevia extracts might have diuretic activity. Theoretically, increased reabsorption of lithium along with sodium might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, stevia might increase the risk for hypoglycemia when combined with antidiabetes drugs.
Preliminary clinical research in patients with type 2 diabetes suggests that taking a single dose of stevia extract 1000 mg reduces postprandial blood glucose levels when taken with a meal. However, other clinical research in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes suggests that taking stevioside 250 mg three times daily does not significantly affect blood glucose levels or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) after three months of treatment.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, combining stevia or stevia constituents with antihypertensive agents might increase the risk of hypotension.
Stevia extract and stevioside might lower blood pressure in patients with hypertension. However, other clinical research suggests that stevioside does not significantly lower blood pressure in patients with hypertension.
Vitamin C
Alkylating Agents
Theoretically, antioxidant effects of vitamin C might reduce the effectiveness of alkylating agents.
The use of antioxidants like vitamin C during chemotherapy is controversial. There is concern that antioxidants could reduce the activity of chemotherapy drugs that generate free radicals, such as cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, carmustine, busulfan, and thiotepa. In contrast, some researchers theorize that antioxidants might make chemotherapy more effective by reducing oxidative stress that could interfere with apoptosis (cell death) of cancer cells. More evidence is needed to determine what effect, if any, antioxidants such as vitamin C have on chemotherapy.
Aluminum
Vitamin C can increase the amount of aluminum absorbed from aluminum compounds.
Research in animals and humans shows that vitamin C increases aluminum absorption, theoretically by chelating aluminum and keeping it in solution where it is available for absorption. In people with normal renal function, urinary excretion of aluminum will likely increase, making aluminum retention and toxicity unlikely. Patients with renal failure who take aluminum-containing compounds such as phosphate binders should avoid vitamin C supplements in doses above the recommended dietary allowances.
Antitumor Antibiotics
Theoretically, the antioxidant effects of vitamin C might reduce the effectiveness of antitumor antibiotics.
The use of antioxidants like vitamin C during chemotherapy is controversial. There is concern that antioxidants could reduce the activity of chemotherapy drugs which generate free radicals, such as doxorubicin. In contrast, some researchers theorize that antioxidants might make chemotherapy more effective by reducing oxidative stress that could interfere with apoptosis (cell death) of cancer cells. More evidence is needed to determine what effects, if any, antioxidants such as vitamin C have on chemotherapy.
Estrogens
Vitamin C might increase blood levels of estrogens.
Increases in plasma estrogen levels of up to 55% occur under some circumstances when vitamin C is taken concurrently with oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy, including topical products. It is suggested that vitamin C prevents oxidation of estrogen in the tissues, regenerates oxidized estrogen, and reduces sulfate conjugation of estrogen in the gut wall. When tissue levels of vitamin C are high, these processes are already maximized and supplemental vitamin C does not have any effect on estrogen levels. Increases in plasma estrogen levels may occur when patients who are deficient in vitamin C take supplements. Monitor these patients for estrogen-related side effects.
Fluphenazine (Prolixin)
Theoretically, vitamin C might decrease levels of fluphenazine.
In one patient there was a clinically significant decrease in fluphenazine levels when vitamin C (500 mg twice daily) was started. The mechanism is not known, and there is no further data to confirm this interaction.
Indinavir (Crixivan)
Vitamin C can modestly reduce indinavir levels.
One pharmacokinetic study shows that taking vitamin C 1 gram orally once daily along with indinavir 800 mg orally three times daily reduces the area under the concentration-time curve of indinavir by 14%. The mechanism of this interaction is unknown, but it is unlikely to be clinically significant in most patients. The effect of higher doses of vitamin C on indinavir levels is unknown.
Levothyroxine (Synthroid, Others)
Vitamin C can increase levothyroxine absorption.
Two clinical studies in adults with poorly controlled hypothyroidism show that swallowing levothyroxine with a glass of water containing vitamin C 500-1000 mg in solution reduces thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and increases thyroxine (T4) levels when compared with taking levothyroxine alone. This suggests that vitamin C increases the oral absorption of levothyroxine, possibly due to a reduction in pH.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
High-dose vitamin C might reduce the levels and effectiveness of warfarin.
Vitamin C in high doses may cause diarrhea and possibly reduce warfarin absorption. There are reports of two people who took up to 16 grams daily of vitamin C and had a reduction in prothrombin time. Lower doses of 5-10 grams daily can also reduce warfarin absorption. In many cases, this does not seem to be clinically significant. However, a case of warfarin resistance has been reported for a patient who took vitamin C 500 mg twice daily. Cessation of vitamin C supplementation resulted in a rapid increase in international normalized ratio (INR). Tell patients taking warfarin to avoid taking vitamin C in excessively high doses (greater than 10 grams daily). Lower doses may be safe, but the anticoagulation activity of warfarin should be monitored. Patients who are stabilized on warfarin while taking vitamin C should avoid adjusting vitamin C dosage to prevent the possibility of warfarin resistance.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol, Others)
High-dose vitamin C might slightly prolong the clearance of acetaminophen.
A small pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers shows that taking high-dose vitamin C (3 grams) 1.5 hours after taking acetaminophen 1 gram slightly increases the apparent half-life of acetaminophen from around 2.3 hours to 3.1 hours. Ascorbic acid competitively inhibits sulfate conjugation of acetaminophen. However, to compensate, elimination of acetaminophen glucuronide and unconjugated acetaminophen increases. This effect is not likely to be clinically significant.
Aspirin
Acidification of the urine by vitamin C might increase aspirin levels.
It has been suggested that acidification of the urine by vitamin C could increase reabsorption of salicylates by the renal tubules, and increase plasma salicylate levels. However, short-term use of up to 6 grams daily of vitamin C does not seem to affect urinary pH or salicylate excretion, suggesting this interaction is not clinically significant.
Choline Magnesium Trisalicylate (Trilisate)
Acidification of the urine by vitamin C might increase choline magnesium trisalicylate levels.
It has been suggested that acidification of the urine by vitamin C could increase reabsorption of salicylates by the renal tubules, and increase plasma salicylate levels. However, short-term use of up to 6 grams daily of vitamin C does not seem to affect urinary pH or salicylate excretion, suggesting this interaction probably is not clinically significant.
Niacin
Vitamin C might decrease the beneficial effects of niacin on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels.
A combination of niacin and simvastatin (Zocor) effectively raises HDL cholesterol levels in patients with coronary disease and low HDL levels. Clinical research shows that taking a combination of antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, and selenium) along with niacin and simvastatin (Zocor) attenuates this rise in HDL, specifically the HDL-2 and apolipoprotein A1 fractions, by more than 50% in patients with coronary disease. It is not known whether this adverse effect is due to a single antioxidant such as vitamin C, or to the combination. It also is not known whether it will occur in other patient populations.
Salsalate (Disalcid)
Acidification of the urine by vitamin C might increase salsalate levels.
It has been suggested that acidification of the urine by vitamin C could increase reabsorption of salicylates by the renal tubules, and increase plasma salicylate levels. However, short-term use of up to 6 grams/day vitamin C does not seem to affect urinary pH or salicylate excretion, suggesting this interaction probably is not clinically significant.
Bifidobacterium longum
Antibiotic Drugs
Theoretically, taking Bifidobacterium longum with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of B. longum.
Since B. longum preparations usually contain live and active organisms, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and B. longum preparations by at least 2 hours.
Bifidobacterium breve
Antibiotic Drugs
Theoretically, taking Bifidobacterium breve with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of B. breve.
Since B. breve preparations usually contain live and active organisms, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and B. breve preparations by at least 2 hours.
L. acidophilus
Antibiotic Drugs
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L. acidophilus.
L. acidophilus preparations usually contain live and active organisms. Therefore, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and L. acidophilus preparations by at least two hours.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Pro-C, from the product label.
Pro-C by Healthway Medical, P.C.: Common Questions
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Pro-C’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Vitamin C
Interacts with 207 drugsVitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an essential nutrient your body needs but cannot make, so you must get it from food or supplements. It's important for immune function, collagen, and acts as an...
Read the full Vitamin C monograph → Herb & supplement monographSodium
Interacts with 205 drugsSodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets get more than enough—often too much—from...
Read the full Sodium monograph → Herb & supplement monographQuercetin
Interacts with 1,169 drugsQuercetin is a plant flavonoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties found in many common foods and sold as a supplement. While early research is interesting for allergies, blood...
Read the full Quercetin monograph → Herb & supplement monographAcerola
Interacts with 128 drugsAcerola is a small tropical fruit prized for its very high natural vitamin C content, and it is mostly used as a food-based source of vitamin C and antioxidants. While vitamin C itself has w...
Read the full Acerola monograph → Herb & supplement monographStevia
Interacts with 259 drugsStevia is a plant-based, calorie-free sweetener that is widely used as a sugar alternative and is considered safe in normal food amounts by major regulators. Purified stevia extracts have a...
Read the full Stevia monograph → Herb & supplement monographBifidobacterium Longum
Interacts with 182 drugsBifidobacterium longum is a 'friendly' bacterium found naturally in the human gut and used as a probiotic. It is generally well tolerated and is most studied for digestive issues, though evi...
Read the full Bifidobacterium Longum monograph → Herb & supplement monographBifidobacterium Breve
Interacts with 182 drugsBifidobacterium breve is a 'friendly' gut bacterium taken as a probiotic, most often to support digestion and balance the gut microbiome. Some studies suggest possible benefits for certain d...
Read the full Bifidobacterium Breve monograph → Herb & supplement monographLactobacillus Acidophilus
Interacts with 182 drugsLactobacillus acidophilus is a 'friendly' bacterium used as a probiotic to support gut and vaginal health. It is generally well tolerated in healthy people, and there is reasonable evidence...
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Pro-C's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 190 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Sodium 38 references
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- Food and Drug Administration Science Background: Safety of Sodium Phosphates Oral Solution. September 17, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/safety/sodiumphospate.htm
- Coton T, Mallaret C, Coilliot C, Carre D, Guisset M. Severe acute ulcerated gastritis induced by salt. Presse Med 2009;38(3):499-500. PubMed
- Frings-Meuthen P, Buehlmeier J, Baecker N, et al. High sodium chloride intake exacerbates immobilization-induced bone resorption and protein losses. J Appl Physiol 2011;111(2):537-542. PubMed
- Frings-Meuthen P, Baecker N, Heer M. Low-grade metabolic acidosis may be the cause of sodium chloride-induced exaggerated bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res 2008;23(4):517-524. PubMed
- Alam S, Johnson AG. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) among healthy normotensive and essential hypertensive elderly patients to determine the effect of high salt (NaCl) diet of blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens 1999;13(6):367-74.
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- Okusa MD, Crystal LJ. Clinical manifestations and management of acute lithium intoxication. Am J Med 1994;97(4):383-9. PubMed
- Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for water, potassium, sodium, chloride, and sulfate. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2005. Available at: http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10925. DOI
- D'Elia L, Rossi G, Ippolito R, Cappuccio FP, Strazzullo P. Habitual salt intake and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Clin Nutr 2012;31(4):489-98. PubMed
- Goldsmith SR. Hyponatremia in heart failure: time for a trial. J Card Fail 2013;19(6):398-400. PubMed
- Willocks L, Brettle R, Keen J, Valentine C, Pinching AJ. Formulations of didanosine (ddI) and salt overload. Lancet 1992;339(8786):190.
- Chen L, Zhang Z, Chen W, Whelton PK, Appel LJ. Lower Sodium Intake and Risk of Headaches: Results From the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(7):1270-5. PubMed
- Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Lower levels of sodium intake and reduced cardiovascular risk. Circulation. 2014;129(9):981-9. PubMed
- Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Sodium Intake and All-Cause Mortality Over 20 Years in the Trials of Hypertension Prevention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(15):1609-1617. PubMed
- Mente A, O'Donnell M, Rangarajan S, et al. Associations of urinary sodium excretion with cardiovascular events in individuals with and without hypertension: a pooled analysis of data from four studies. Lancet. 2016;388(10043):465-75. PubMed
- Moosavian SP, Haghighatdoost F, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Salt and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2017;68(3):265-277. PubMed
- O'Donnell M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, et al. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion, mortality, and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(7):612-23. DOI
- Poggio R, Gutierrez L, Matta MG, Elorriaga N, Irazola V, Rubinstein A. Daily sodium consumption and CVD mortality in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(4):695-704. PubMed
- Stallings VA, Harrison M, Oria M; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium, Food and Nutrition Board, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington (DC): National Acad
- Mahtani KR, Heneghan C, Onakpoya I, et al. Reduced Salt Intake for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1693-1700. PubMed
- Yancy CW. Sodium Restriction in Heart Failure: Too Much Uncertainty-Do the Trials. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1700-1701. PubMed
- He FJ, Campbell NRC, Ma Y, MacGregor GA, Cogswell ME, Cook NR. Errors in estimating usual sodium intake by the Kawasaki formula alter its relationship with mortality: implications for public health. Int J Epidemiol. 2018;47(6):1784-1795. PubMed
- Murthy K, Ondrey GJ, Malkani N, et al. THE EFFECTS OF HYPONATREMIA ON BONE DENSITY AND FRACTURES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. Endocr Pract. 2019;25(4):366-378. PubMed
- Messerli FH, Hofstetter L, Syrogiannouli L, et al. Sodium intake, life expectancy, and all-cause mortality. Eur Heart J 2021;42(21):2103-2112. PubMed
- Graudal NA, Hubeck-Graudal T, Jurgens G. Effects of low sodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020;12(12):CD004022. PubMed
- Giatti S, Santos RB, Aielo AN, et al. Association of sodium with obstructive sleep apnea. The ELSA-Brasil study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2021;18(3):502-510. PubMed
- Nan X, Lu H, Wu J, et al. The interactive association between sodium intake, alcohol consumption and hypertension among elderly in northern China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2021;21(1):135. PubMed
- Kyozuka H, Fukusda T, Murata T, et al. Impact of preconception sodium intake on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: The Japan Environment and Children's study. Pregnancy Hypertens 2021;23:66-72. PubMed
- Zhao L, Ogden CL, Yang Q, et al. Association of usual sodium intake with obesity among US children and adolescents, NHANES 2009-2016. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021;29(3):587-594. PubMed
- Ma Y, He FJ, Sun Q, et al. 24-Hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion and cardiovascular risk. N Engl J Med 2022;386(3):252-263. PubMed
- Liu J, Yang X, Zhang P, et al. Association of urinary sodium excretion and left ventricular hypertrophy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021;12:728493. PubMed
- Filippini T, Malavolti M, Whelton PK, Vinceti M. Sodium intake and risk of hypertension: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational cohort studies. Curr Hypertens Rep 2022;24(5):133-144. PubMed
- Wang DD, Li Y, Nguyen XT, et al. Dietary sodium and potassium intake and risk of non-fatal cardiovascular diseases: The million veteran program. Nutrients 2022;14(5):1121. PubMed
- Kwak JH, Park CH, Eun CS, et al. The associations of dietary intake of high sodium and low zinc with gastric cancer mortality: A prospective cohort study in Korea. Nutr Cancer 2022;74(10):3501-3508. PubMed
- George S, Maiti R, Mishra BR, Jena M, Mohapatra D. Effect of regulated add-on sodium chloride intake on stabilization of serum lithium concentration in bipolar disorder: A randomized controlled trial. Bipolar Disord 2023;25(1):66-75. PubMed
- Zhou TL, Schütten MTJ, Kroon AA, et al. Urinary Sodium Excretion and Salt Intake Are Not Associated With Blood Pressure Variability in a White General Population. J Am Heart Assoc 2023;12(1):e026578. PubMed
Vitamin C 51 references
- McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
- Back DJ, Breckenridge AM, MacIver M, et al. Interaction of ethinyloestradiol with ascorbic acid in man. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1981;282:1516.
- Morris JC, Beeley L, Ballantine N. Interaction of ethinyloestradiol with ascorbic acid in man [letter]. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1981;283:503.
- Labriola D, Livingston R. Possible interactions between dietary antioxidants and chemotherapy. Oncology 1999;13:1003-8.
- Dwyer JH, Merz NB, Shirocre AM, et al. Progression of early atherosclerosis and intake of vitamin C and vitamin E from supplements and food. The Los Angeles Atherosclerosis Study. 41st Annual Conference on Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology and Prevent
- Levine M, Rumsey SC, Daruwala R, et al. Criteria and recommendations for vitamin C intake. JAMA 1999;281:1415-23. PubMed
- Hansten PD, Horn JR. Drug Interactions Analysis and Management. Vancouver, WA: Applied Therapeutics Inc., 1997 and updates.
- Segal S, Kaminski S. Drug-nutrient interactions. American Druggist 1996 Jul;42-8.
- Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2000. Available at: http://www.nap.edu/books/0309069351/html/.
- Houston JB, Levy G. Drug biotransformation interactions in man VI: Acetaminophen and ascorbic acid. J Pharm Sci 1976;65:1218-21. PubMed
- Brown BG, Zhao XQ, Chait A, et al. Simvastatin and niacin, antioxidant vitamins, or the combination for the prevention of coronary disease. N Engl J Med 2001;345:1583-93. DOI
- Rosenthal G. Interaction of ascorbic acid and warfarin. JAMA 1971;215:1671. DOI
- Hume R, Johnstone JM, Weyers E. Interaction of ascorbic acid and warfarin. JAMA 1972;219:1479. DOI
- Smith EC, Skalski RJ, Johnson GC, Rossi GV. Interaction of ascorbic acid and warfarin. JAMA 1972;221:1166. DOI
- Traxer O, Huet B, Poindexter J, et al. Effect of ascorbic acid consumption on urinary stone risk factors. J Urol 2003;170:397-401.. PubMed
- Domingo JL, Gomez M, Llobet JM, Richart C. Effect of ascorbic acid on gastrointestinal aluminum absorption (letter). Lancet 1991;338:1467.
- Domingo JL, Gomez M, Llobet JM, Corbella J. Influence of some dietary constituents on aluminum absorption and retention in rats. Kidney Int 1991;39:598-601. PubMed
- Partridge NA, Regnier FE, White JL, Hem SL. Influence of dietary constituents on intestinal absorption of aluminum. Kidney Int 1989;35:1413-7. PubMed
- Mc Leod DC, Nahata MC. Inefficacy of ascorbic acid as a urinary acidifier (letter). N Engl J Med 1977;296:1413. DOI
- Hansten PD, Hayton WL. Effect of antacid and ascorbic acid on serum salicylate concentration. J Clin Pharmacol 1980;20:326-31. PubMed
- Dysken MW, Cumming RJ, Channon RA, Davis JM. Drug interaction between ascorbic acid and fluphenazine. JAMA 1979;241:2008. DOI
- Vihtamaki T, Parantainen J, Koivisto AM, et al. Oral ascorbic acid increases plasma oestradiol during postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy. Maturitas 2002;42:129-35. PubMed
- Slain D, Amsden JR, Khakoo RA, et al. Effect of high-dose vitamin C on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of the protease inhibitor indinavir in healthy volunteers. Pharmacotherapy 2005;25:165-70. PubMed
- Cheung MC, Zhao XQ, Chait A, et al. Antioxidant supplements block the response of HDL to simvastatin-niacin therapy in patients with coronary artery disease and low HDL. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2001;21:1320-6. PubMed
- Feetam CL, Leach RH, Meynell MJ. Lack of a clinically important interaction between warfarin and ascorbic acid. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1975;31:544-7. PubMed
- Weintraub M, Griner PF. Warfarin and ascorbic acid: lack of evidence for a drug interaction. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1974;28:53-6. PubMed
- Lee DH, Folsom AR, Harnack L, et al. Does supplemental vitamin C increase cardiovascular disease risk in women with diabetes? Am J Clin Nutr 2004;80:1194-200. PubMed
- Taylor EN, Stampfer MJ, Curhan GC. Dietary factors and the risk of incident kidney stones in men: new insights after 14 years of follow-up. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004;15:3225-32. PubMed
- Ward NC, Hodgson JM, Croft KD, et al. The combination of vitamin C and grape-seed polyphenols increases blood pressure: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Hypertens 2005;23:427-34.. PubMed
- Prasad KN. Rationale for using high-dose multiple dietary antioxidants as an adjunct to radiation therapy and chemotherapy. J Nutr 2004;134:3182S-3S. PubMed
- Conklin KA. Cancer chemotherapy and antioxidants. J Nutr 2004;134:3201S-3204S. PubMed
- Fairweather-Tait S, Hickson K, McGaw B, et al. Orange juice enhances aluminium absorption from antacid preparation. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1994;48(1):71-3.
- Gruenwald, J., Graubaum, H. J., Busch, R., and Bentley, C. Safety and tolerance of ester-C compared with regular ascorbic acid. Adv.Ther. 2006;23(1):171-178.
- Rahimi, R., Nikfar, S., Rezaie, A., and Abdollahi, M. A meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of combined vitamin C and E supplementation in preeclamptic women. Hypertens.Pregnancy. 2009;28(4):417-434. PubMed
- Einerson, B., Nathorn, C., Kitiyakara, C., Sirada, M., and Thamlikitkul, V. The efficacy of ascorbic acid in suboptimal responsive anemic hemodialysis patients receiving erythropoietin: a meta-analysis. J Med.Assoc.Thai. 2011;94 Suppl 1:S134-S146.
- Li, G., Li, L., Yu, C., and Chen, L. Effect of vitamins C and E supplementation on Helicobacter pylori eradication: a meta-analysis. Br.J Nutr 2011;106(11):1632-1637.
- Chen X, Shen L, Gu X, et al. High-dose supplementation with vitamin C--induced pediatric urolithiasis: the first case report in a child and literature review. Urology. 2014;84(4):922-4. PubMed
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
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