Pycnogenol 100 mg Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by Bluebonnet
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Pycnogenol 100 mg against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Pycnogenol 100 mg is a dietary supplement by Bluebonnet with 1 active ingredient. Its ingredients are commonly taken for circulation and vein health, antioxidant support, skin health and aging.Based on those ingredients, 327 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Pycnogenol. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Pycnogenol 100 mg by Bluebonnet
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Pycnogenol 100 mg by Bluebonnet — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Pycnogenol 100 mg by Bluebonnet
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
This product contains one active ingredient: Pycnogenol, a standardized extract from maritime pine bark. The capsule also holds inactive ingredients — cellulose, hypromellose, purified water, and magnesium stearate — which help hold the supplement together and have no active role.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
Pycnogenol carries a rating of Possibly Effective for osteoarthritis and chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), meaning there's some clinical evidence it may help, but more research would strengthen the case. For asthma, the rating is also Possibly Effective.
The evidence we hold suggests it's Possibly Ineffective for high cholesterol (hyperlipidemia), so it's not a reliable choice for that goal.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Pycnogenol is generally well tolerated in studies, though long-term safety isn't fully mapped out. The most common side effects from oral use are stomach upset, dizziness, and vertigo; headache and severe vertigo have also been reported in trials.
One case of chest pain and one case of worsening heart failure were noted in patients taking it, though both had pre-existing heart conditions and it's unclear whether the supplement was directly responsible. The safety data advises against use during pregnancy and breastfeeding because there isn't enough evidence to know either way.
Talk with your doctor or pharmacist if you're pregnant, planning pregnancy, or breastfeeding to decide whether it's right for you.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before you take this product, check with your doctor or pharmacist if you're on blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (like warfarin or aspirin) — Pycnogenol may increase bleeding risk. Also double-check if you take diabetes medications, since the extract may lower blood sugar further, or immunosuppressants, since it might weaken their effect.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Pycnogenol may be worth considering if you have osteoarthritis, chronic venous insufficiency, or asthma and want to explore a plant-based option. Anyone on blood thinners, diabetes meds, or immunosuppressants should clear it with their own doctor or pharmacist first — the interaction risks are real, even if the exact outcome in your situation isn't certain.
If you have a history of heart problems, that's another reason to check in before starting.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 1 of 1 active ingredient matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Nov 22, 2022.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Pycnogenol 100 mg, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Bluebonnet |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 743715008359 |
| Net contents | 30 Vegetable Capsule(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Nov 22, 2022 |
| DSLD ID | 280181 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Kosher, No Allergies, Gluten Free |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Pycnogenol 100 mg by Bluebonnet, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Pycnogenol | 100 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Cellulose, Hypromellose, Water, Purified, Magnesium Stearate
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Directions: As a dietary supplement, take one capsule daily or as directed by a healthcare practitioner.
Formula
Bluebonnet’s Pycnogenol 100 mg Vegetable Capsules are derived from the bark of the European coastal pine and are concentrated with oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs), a water-soluble bioflavonoid. Pycnogenol may help support vascular and immune function.
Bluebonnet's KOF-K Certification #K-0000700
Pycnogenol Nature's super antioxidant
K Parve (Koisher)
Formulation
Free of milk, egg, fish, crustacean shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat, soybeans and sesame. Also free of corn, gluten, barley, rice, sodium and sugar.
Vascular function & immune support
Vegan
Gluten free
Brand IP Statement(s)
Pycnogenol is a registered trademark of Horphag Research.
Precautions
Caution: For adults only.
Consult physician if pregnant/nursing, taking medication, or have a medical condition.
Keep out of reach of children.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
Seals/Symbols
Made with non GMO ingredients
K Parve (Kosher)
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Pycnogenol 100 mg by Bluebonnet label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Pycnogenol 100 mg by Bluebonnet
This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.
Pycnogenol
Interacts with327 drugs
Maritime pine bark extract (often sold as Pycnogenol) is a plant-based antioxidant most studied for circulation, vein, and skin health. Some research...
Pycnogenol monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Cellulose, Hypromellose, Water, Purified, Magnesium Stearate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Pycnogenol 100 mg by Bluebonnet Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Pycnogenol by Bluebonnet may interact with blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs through its maritime pine bark extract content.
The most serious concern is Moderate-severity bleeding risk: the extract may slow blood clotting, which could increase bleeding in people already on anticoagulants (like warfarin) or antiplatelets (like aspirin). Clinical research suggests the extract does inhibit clotting, but how much this matters in real patients isn't yet clear.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Two other Moderate-severity interactions exist. The extract may theoretically reduce how well immunosuppressant drugs work — animal studies show it can boost immune activity, though this hasn't been seen in humans yet.
It may also raise the risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) when combined with diabetes medications; one clinical study found it does lower blood sugar in diabetic patients on treatment, so close monitoring and possible dose adjustment might be needed.
Additionally, we hold no interaction data for the inactive ingredients (cellulose, hypromellose, purified water, and magnesium stearate). Altogether, these interactions span 327 individual medications.
Use the search tool below to check your exact medications before you start.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Pycnogenol 100 mg?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Pycnogenol 100 mg interact with 327 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
1 of the 1 ingredient in Pycnogenol 100 mg interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Pycnogenol
Aspirin, HydrocodoneAlor 5 500, Lortab ASA
How Aspirin, Hydrocodone interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Aspirin, Hydrocodone interactionAspirin, MeprobamateMicrainin
How Aspirin, Meprobamate interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Aspirin, Meprobamate interactionAspirin, MethocarbamolRobaxisal
How Aspirin, Methocarbamol interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Aspirin, Methocarbamol interactionAspirin, OmeprazoleYosprala
How Aspirin, Omeprazole interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Aspirin, Omeprazole interactionAspirin, OxycodonePercodan
How Aspirin, Oxycodone interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Aspirin, Oxycodone interactionAspirin, PentazocineTalwin Compound
How Aspirin, Pentazocine interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Aspirin, Pentazocine interactionAtezolizumabTecentriq
How Atezolizumab interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Atezolizumab interactionAzamuneImmunoprin
How Azamune interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Azamune interactionAzathioprineAzamune, Imuran
How Azathioprine interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Azathioprine interactionBasiliximabSimulect
How Basiliximab interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Basiliximab interactionBeclometasone DipropionateBecotide
How Beclometasone Dipropionate interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Beclometasone Dipropionate interactionBeclomethasoneBeclovent, Vanceril
How Beclomethasone interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Beclomethasone interactionBeclomethasone DipropionateQNASL, Qvar
How Beclomethasone Dipropionate interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Beclomethasone Dipropionate interactionBetamethasoneCelestone, Diprolene AF, Diprosone
How Betamethasone interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Betamethasone interactionBetamethasone DipropionateSernivo
How Betamethasone Dipropionate interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Betamethasone Dipropionate interactionBetamethasone Dipropionate, CalcipotrieneEnstilar, Wynzora
How Betamethasone Dipropionate, Calcipotriene interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Betamethasone Dipropionate, Calcipotriene interactionBetamethasone ValerateLuxiq
How Betamethasone Valerate interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Betamethasone Valerate interactionBetrixabanBevyxxa
How Betrixaban interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Betrixaban interactionBimekizumab-bkzxBimzelx
How Bimekizumab-bkzx interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Bimekizumab-bkzx interactionBivalirudinAngiomax, Angiomax Rtu, Angiox
How Bivalirudin interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Bivalirudin interactionBromfenac SodiumBromsite, Prolensa
How Bromfenac Sodium interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Bromfenac Sodium interactionCabliviCablivi
How Cablivi interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Cablivi interactionCanagliflozinInvokana
How Canagliflozin interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Canagliflozin interactionCanagliflozin, MetforminInvokamet
How Canagliflozin, Metformin interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Canagliflozin, Metformin interactionCanagliflozin, Metformin HydrochlorideInvokamet XR
How Canagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Canagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interactionCangrelorKengreal
How Cangrelor interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Cangrelor interactionChlorpropamideChlorpropam, Diabinese
How Chlorpropamide interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Chlorpropamide interactionCiclesonideAlvesco, Omnaris, Zetonna
How Ciclesonide interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Ciclesonide interactionCilostazolPletal
How Cilostazol interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Cilostazol interactionCisplatinPlatinol-AQ
How Cisplatin interacts with Pycnogenol 100 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Cisplatin interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Pycnogenol 100 mg with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Pycnogenol
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Clinical research suggests that maritime pine bark extract inhibits platelet aggregation. However, the clinical significance of this effect is unclear.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
One clinical study shows that maritime pine bark extract decreases blood sugar in patients with diabetes being treated with antidiabetes agents. Monitor blood glucose levels closely. Dose adjustments might be necessary.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
In vitro and animal research suggests that maritime pine bark extract has immunostimulant activity. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Pycnogenol 100 mg, from the product label.
Bluebonnet
- Name
- Bluebonnet Nutrition Corporation
- Street Address
- 12915 Dairy Ashford
- City
- Sugar Land
- State
- Texas
- ZipCode
- 77478
- Web Address
- www.bluebonnetnutrition.com
Pycnogenol 100 mg by Bluebonnet: Common Questions
Does Pycnogenol 100 mg by Bluebonnet interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Does Pycnogenol actually work for joint pain?
What are the most common side effects?
Is it safe to take while pregnant?
Can I take this while breastfeeding?
Will Pycnogenol help lower my cholesterol?
How long before I notice a difference?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Pycnogenol 100 mg is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Pycnogenol 100 mg’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Sources & How We Checked
Pycnogenol 100 mg's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 14 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Maritime Pine 14 references
- Rice-Evans CA, Packer L, eds. Flavonoids in Health and Disease. Manhattan, NY: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1998.
- Liu FJ, Zhang YX, Lau BH. Pycnogenol enhances immune and haemopoietic functions in senescence-accelerated mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 1998;54:1168-72. PubMed
- Putter M, Grotemeyer KH, Wurthwein G, et al. Inhibition of smoking-induced platelet aggregation by aspirin and pycnogenol. Thromb Res 1999;95:155-61. PubMed
- Kohama T, Inoue M. Pycnogenol alleviates pain associated with pregnancy. Phytother Res 2006;20:232-4.
- Liu X, Zhou HJ, Rohdewald P. French maritime pine bark extract pycnogenol dose-dependently lowers glucose in type 2 diabetic patients (letter). Diabetes Care 2004;27:839. PubMed
- Liu X, Wei J, Tan F, et al. Antidiabetic effect of Pycnogenol French maritime pine bark extract in patients with diabetes type II. Life Sci 2004;75:2505-13. PubMed
- Wilson D, Evans M, Guthrie N et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory study to evaluate the potential of pycnogenol for improving allergic rhinitis symptoms. Phytother Res 2010;24:1115-9.
- Araghi-Niknam, M., Hosseini, S., Larson, D., Rohdewald, P., and Watson, R. R. Pine bark extract reduces platelet aggregation. Integr.Med. 3-21-2000;2(2):73-77. PubMed
- Trebaticka, J., Kopasova, S., Hradecna, Z., Cinovsky, K., Skodacek, I., Suba, J., Muchova, J., Zitnanova, I., Waczulikova, I., Rohdewald, P., and Durackova, Z. Treatment of ADHD with French maritime pine bark extract, Pycnogenol. Eur.Child Adolesc.Psychi PubMed
- Suzuki, N., Uebaba, K., Kohama, T., Moniwa, N., Kanayama, N., and Koike, K. French maritime pine bark extract significantly lowers the requirement for analgesic medication in dysmenorrhea: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
- Cisar, P., Jany, R., Waczulikova, I., Sumegova, K., Muchova, J., Vojtassak, J., Durackova, Z., Lisy, M., and Rohdewald, P. Effect of pine bark extract (Pycnogenol) on symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Phytother.Res. 2008;22(8):1087-1092.
- Enseleit, F., Sudano, I., Periat, D., Winnik, S., Wolfrum, M., Flammer, A. J., Frohlich, G. M., Kaiser, P., Hirt, A., Haile, S. R., Krasniqi, N., Matter, C. M., Uhlenhut, K., Hogger, P., Neidhart, M., Luscher, T. F., Ruschitzka, F., and Noll, G. Effects
- Schoonees, A., Visser, J., Musekiwa, A., and Volmink, J. Pycnogenol(R) (extract of French maritime pine bark) for the treatment of chronic disorders. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;4:CD008294.
- Wang S, Tan D Zhao Y et al. The effect of pycnogenol on the microcirculation, platelet function and ischemic myocardium in patients with coronary artery diseases. Eur Bull Drug Res 1999;7:19-25.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC