Pycnogenol 50 mg Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Pycnogenol 50 mg against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Pycnogenol 50 mg is a dietary supplement by Vitamer Laboratories with 1 active ingredient. Its ingredients are commonly taken for circulation and vein health, antioxidant support, skin health and aging.Based on those ingredients, 327 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Pycnogenol. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Pycnogenol 50 mg by Vitamer Laboratories
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Pycnogenol 50 mg by Vitamer Laboratories — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Pycnogenol 50 mg by Vitamer Laboratories
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
Pycnogenol contains one active ingredient: an extract from maritime pine bark standardized to deliver 50 mg per capsule. The capsule also contains inactive ingredients—cellulose, stearic acid, silica, calcium stearate, and glycerin—that help deliver the active extract.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
Maritime pine bark extract in Pycnogenol is possibly effective for osteoarthritis and chronic venous insufficiency (a condition where veins have trouble returning blood from the legs). It's also possibly effective for asthma.
For high cholesterol (hyperlipidemia), the evidence suggests it is possibly ineffective. The data we hold doesn't establish its effectiveness for other uses.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Orally, maritime pine bark extract is generally well tolerated, though long-term safety hasn't been fully studied. The most common side effects are gastrointestinal complaints, dizziness, and vertigo.
Headache has been reported in a single trial. One case of chest pain and one case of worsening heart failure were reported in people taking Pycnogenol, but both had prior heart conditions, so a direct link to the supplement isn't clear.
The safety data advises against using Pycnogenol during pregnancy or while breastfeeding because there isn't enough information to know it's safe in those situations. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether it's right for you if you're pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking Pycnogenol, check with your doctor or pharmacist if you're on blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (like warfarin or aspirin)—the extract may raise bleeding risk. Also flag diabetes medications, as the extract may lower blood sugar further, and any immunosuppressants, as their effectiveness might be reduced.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Pycnogenol may help with osteoarthritis, leg vein problems, or asthma, but it's not proven for high cholesterol. The main concern is its interaction with blood thinners, diabetes medications, and immune-suppressing drugs.
If you take any medications—especially these types—check them against this product with your doctor or pharmacist before starting.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 1 of 1 active ingredient matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Dec 23, 2016.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Pycnogenol 50 mg, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Vitamer Laboratories |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 719985190254 |
| Net contents | 30 Vegetarian Tablet(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Dec 23, 2016 |
| DSLD ID | 67426 |
| Product type | Non-nutrient/non-botanical |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Pycnogenol 50 mg by Vitamer Laboratories, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Pycnogenol | 50 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Cellulose, Stearic Acid, Silica, Calcium Stearate, Glycerin
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation
A vegetarian sourced antioxidant, our Pycnogenol supplement supports healthy capillaries and circulation.
Contains no artificial colors, flavors or preservatives, no wheat, gluten, milk, eggs, peanuts, tree nuts, soy, crustacean shellfish or fish.
Suitable for vegans.
General Statements
By maintaining elasticity and flexibility of connective tissues, it helps promote smooth skin and joint health. Its water-soluble characteristics ensure excellent absorption.
We guarantee our supplements for potency and purity
Promotes healthy skin and circulation
Brand IP Statement(s)
Pycnogenol is a registered trademark of Horphag Research Ltd. Use of this product may be protected by one or more of U.S. patents and other international patents
Pycnogenol is a naturally occurring complex of flavonoids (OPC's) extracted from French maritime pine bark.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Formula
French Maritime Pine Bark Extract
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Seals/Symbols
Double Verified Gluten Free
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested Use: Take one tablet daily with food.
Precautions
Keep out of reach of children.
General
VVL 190-30L
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Pycnogenol 50 mg by Vitamer Laboratories label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Pycnogenol 50 mg by Vitamer Laboratories
This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Tablet(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.
Pycnogenol
Interacts with327 drugs
Maritime pine bark extract (often sold as Pycnogenol) is a plant-based antioxidant most studied for circulation, vein, and skin health. Some research...
Pycnogenol monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Cellulose, Stearic Acid, Silica, Calcium Stearate, Glycerin. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Pycnogenol 50 mg by Vitamer Laboratories Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Pycnogenol by Vitamer Laboratories contains maritime pine bark extract, which has documented interactions with three major medication categories.
The most serious concern is with blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs (Moderate severity): the extract may increase bleeding risk by inhibiting how platelets clump together, though the clinical significance isn't yet clear.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
It also interacts with immunosuppressants (Moderate severity)—theoretically reducing their effectiveness through immune-stimulating activity observed in lab and animal studies, though this hasn't been reported in people. Additionally, there's a Moderate interaction with diabetes medications: one clinical study suggests the extract lowers blood sugar, raising the risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) in people already taking diabetes drugs.
Close blood glucose monitoring and possible dose adjustments may be needed.
Altogether, these interactions span 327 individual medications. Before you start Pycnogenol, run your exact medications through the search tool on this page or check with your doctor or pharmacist.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Pycnogenol 50 mg?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Pycnogenol 50 mg interact with 327 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
1 of the 1 ingredient in Pycnogenol 50 mg interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Pycnogenol
EculizumabSoliris
How Eculizumab interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Eculizumab interactionEdoxabanSavaysa
How Edoxaban interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Edoxaban interactionEfalizumabRaptiva
How Efalizumab interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Efalizumab interactionEffientPrasugrel
How Effient interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Effient interactionEfgartigimod Alfa-fcabVyvgart
How Efgartigimod Alfa-fcab interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Efgartigimod Alfa-fcab interactionElranatamabElrexfio
How Elranatamab interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Elranatamab interactionEmapalumab-lzsgGamifant
How Emapalumab-lzsg interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Emapalumab-lzsg interactionEmpagliflozinJardiance
How Empagliflozin interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Empagliflozin interactionEmpagliflozin, Linagliptin, Metformin HydrochlorideTrijardy XR
How Empagliflozin, Linagliptin, Metformin Hydrochloride interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Empagliflozin, Linagliptin, Metformin Hydrochloride interactionEmpagliflozin, MetforminSynjardy
How Empagliflozin, Metformin interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Empagliflozin, Metformin interactionEmpagliflozin, Metformin HydrochlorideSynjardy XR
How Empagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Empagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interactionEnoxaparinLovenox
How Enoxaparin interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Enoxaparin interactionEpcoritamab-byspEpkinly
How Epcoritamab-bysp interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Epcoritamab-bysp interactionEptifibatideIntegrilin
How Eptifibatide interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Eptifibatide interactionErtugliflozinSteglatro
How Ertugliflozin interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Ertugliflozin interactionErtugliflozin, Metformin HydrochlorideSegluromet
How Ertugliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Ertugliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interactionEsomeprazole, NaproxenVimovo
How Esomeprazole, Naproxen interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Esomeprazole, Naproxen interactionEtanercept-szzsErelzi
How Etanercept-szzs interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Etanercept-szzs interactionEtanercept-ykroEticovo
How Etanercept-ykro interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Etanercept-ykro interactionEtrasimodVelsipity
How Etrasimod interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Etrasimod interactionExenatideBydureon, Byetta
How Exenatide interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Exenatide interactionExenatide SyntheticBydureon BCISE
How Exenatide Synthetic interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Exenatide Synthetic interactionFamotidine, IbuprofenDuexis
How Famotidine, Ibuprofen interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Famotidine, Ibuprofen interactionFingolimodGilenya, Tascenso ODT
How Fingolimod interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Fingolimod interactionFish Oil TriglyceridesOmegaven
How Fish Oil Triglycerides interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Fish Oil Triglycerides interactionFludrocortisoneFlorinef Acetate
How Fludrocortisone interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Fludrocortisone interactionFluorouracil (iv)Fluorouracil
How Fluorouracil (iv) interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Fluorouracil (iv) interactionFlupenthixolFluanxol
How Flupenthixol interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Flupenthixol interactionFondaparinuxArixtra
How Fondaparinux interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Fondaparinux interactionFostamatinibTavalisse
How Fostamatinib interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Fostamatinib interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Pycnogenol 50 mg with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Pycnogenol
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Clinical research suggests that maritime pine bark extract inhibits platelet aggregation. However, the clinical significance of this effect is unclear.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
One clinical study shows that maritime pine bark extract decreases blood sugar in patients with diabetes being treated with antidiabetes agents. Monitor blood glucose levels closely. Dose adjustments might be necessary.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
In vitro and animal research suggests that maritime pine bark extract has immunostimulant activity. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Pycnogenol 50 mg, from the product label.
Pycnogenol 50 mg by Vitamer Laboratories: Common Questions
Does Pycnogenol 50 mg by Vitamer Laboratories interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Can I take Pycnogenol if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
What are the most common side effects?
Does Pycnogenol work for high cholesterol?
What conditions is Pycnogenol possibly effective for?
Is Pycnogenol safe long-term?
Are there any other ingredients in the capsule I should know about?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Pycnogenol 50 mg is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Pycnogenol 50 mg’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Sources & How We Checked
Pycnogenol 50 mg's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 14 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Maritime Pine 14 references
- Rice-Evans CA, Packer L, eds. Flavonoids in Health and Disease. Manhattan, NY: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1998.
- Liu FJ, Zhang YX, Lau BH. Pycnogenol enhances immune and haemopoietic functions in senescence-accelerated mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 1998;54:1168-72. PubMed
- Putter M, Grotemeyer KH, Wurthwein G, et al. Inhibition of smoking-induced platelet aggregation by aspirin and pycnogenol. Thromb Res 1999;95:155-61. PubMed
- Kohama T, Inoue M. Pycnogenol alleviates pain associated with pregnancy. Phytother Res 2006;20:232-4.
- Liu X, Zhou HJ, Rohdewald P. French maritime pine bark extract pycnogenol dose-dependently lowers glucose in type 2 diabetic patients (letter). Diabetes Care 2004;27:839. PubMed
- Liu X, Wei J, Tan F, et al. Antidiabetic effect of Pycnogenol French maritime pine bark extract in patients with diabetes type II. Life Sci 2004;75:2505-13. PubMed
- Wilson D, Evans M, Guthrie N et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory study to evaluate the potential of pycnogenol for improving allergic rhinitis symptoms. Phytother Res 2010;24:1115-9.
- Araghi-Niknam, M., Hosseini, S., Larson, D., Rohdewald, P., and Watson, R. R. Pine bark extract reduces platelet aggregation. Integr.Med. 3-21-2000;2(2):73-77. PubMed
- Trebaticka, J., Kopasova, S., Hradecna, Z., Cinovsky, K., Skodacek, I., Suba, J., Muchova, J., Zitnanova, I., Waczulikova, I., Rohdewald, P., and Durackova, Z. Treatment of ADHD with French maritime pine bark extract, Pycnogenol. Eur.Child Adolesc.Psychi PubMed
- Suzuki, N., Uebaba, K., Kohama, T., Moniwa, N., Kanayama, N., and Koike, K. French maritime pine bark extract significantly lowers the requirement for analgesic medication in dysmenorrhea: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
- Cisar, P., Jany, R., Waczulikova, I., Sumegova, K., Muchova, J., Vojtassak, J., Durackova, Z., Lisy, M., and Rohdewald, P. Effect of pine bark extract (Pycnogenol) on symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Phytother.Res. 2008;22(8):1087-1092.
- Enseleit, F., Sudano, I., Periat, D., Winnik, S., Wolfrum, M., Flammer, A. J., Frohlich, G. M., Kaiser, P., Hirt, A., Haile, S. R., Krasniqi, N., Matter, C. M., Uhlenhut, K., Hogger, P., Neidhart, M., Luscher, T. F., Ruschitzka, F., and Noll, G. Effects
- Schoonees, A., Visser, J., Musekiwa, A., and Volmink, J. Pycnogenol(R) (extract of French maritime pine bark) for the treatment of chronic disorders. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;4:CD008294.
- Wang S, Tan D Zhao Y et al. The effect of pycnogenol on the microcirculation, platelet function and ischemic myocardium in patients with coronary artery diseases. Eur Bull Drug Res 1999;7:19-25.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC