Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Recancostat 100 Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Integrative Therapeutics

Recancostat 100 label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Recancostat 100 against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Recancostat 100 is a dietary supplement by Integrative Therapeutics with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for antioxidant support, skin and hair health, liver support.Based on those ingredients, 1,109 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Beet, Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) fruit extract, European Elder (Sambucus nigra) (berry) concentrate. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Recancostat 100 by Integrative Therapeutics

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Recancostat 100 by Integrative Therapeutics — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Recancostat 100 by Integrative Therapeutics

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Sep 10, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 2 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • “AnthoRedoxin” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (100 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Recancostat 100 contains five active ingredients: L-cysteine, bilberry fruit extract, L-glutathione, beet, and European elder (elderberry) berry concentrate. These are combined with inactive ingredients—cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ascorbyl palmitate, and silicon dioxide—which serve as capsule material and stabilizers.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed

This product doesn't appear to be marketed for a specific use, so we graded its ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.

Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports its ingredients for:

Why this rating?
  • We looked at the product name, claims, and label statements and couldn't find a stated purpose to grade.
  • Since the label doesn't commit to one use, we graded the ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.
  • On file: Athletic performance — rated "Possibly Effective" (Beet) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Exercise-induced muscle soreness — rated "Possibly Effective" (Beet) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity — rated "Possibly Effective" (Glutathione) (Natural Medicines).

The evidence supporting these ingredients is limited. L-cysteine has insufficient evidence to rate it for androgenic alopecia, venous leg ulcers, hangover, stroke, or gastritis.

Bilberry shows insufficient evidence for age-related cognitive decline, age-related macular degeneration, atherosclerosis, high cholesterol, and chronic venous insufficiency, and is actually rated possibly ineffective for night vision. L-glutathione is rated possibly effective for cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity (nerve damage from the chemotherapy drug cisplatin) but shows insufficient evidence for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Alzheimer's disease, athletic performance, and cataracts.

Beet is rated possibly effective for athletic performance and exercise-induced muscle soreness, but possibly ineffective for COPD and shows insufficient evidence for high cholesterol and cognitive function. Elderberry shows insufficient evidence across all tracked uses, including allergic rhinitis, cardiovascular disease, chronic fatigue syndrome, COPD, cognitive function, and respiratory infections.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient L-cysteine Glutathione Bilberry Beet Elderberry

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

L-cysteine is generally well tolerated in food amounts, though the safety of high-dose supplements over time is not well studied—caution is advised and supplement doses are best taken only if your doctor recommends it. L-glutathione appears generally well tolerated orally in the short term, but long-term safety is unclear, and it should be avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data.

Bilberry fruit and extracts are generally well tolerated; the most common side effects are dark-colored stools, flatulence, and gastrointestinal discomfort, plus possible discoloration of the tongue and teeth. Beet is widely eaten as food and generally well tolerated short-term; common side effects are red or dark stools and red urine, which are harmless.

Rare serious effects from large amounts include low calcium levels (hypocalcemia) and kidney damage. Elderberry prepared from ripe fruit is generally well tolerated, but raw or unripe berries, seeds, leaves, and bark can be toxic and cause nausea, vomiting, severe diarrhea, weakness, dizziness, and numbness.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient L-cysteine Glutathione Bilberry Beet Elderberry

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Bilberry, Beet, Elderberry, L-cysteine.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 1,110 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking Recancostat 100, check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take blood sugar medications (antidiabetes drugs), blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs, cancer medications like erlotinib or pazopanib, drugs that suppress your immune system (immunosuppressants), or medications metabolized through the liver enzymes CYP3A4, CYP2E1, or CYP1A2. No interactions are documented for L-glutathione alone, but the other active ingredients carry documented interactions with these medication types.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Recancostat 100 is a multi-ingredient supplement aimed at antioxidant and nutritional support, but because it contains ingredients that interact with blood sugar medications, blood thinners, cancer drugs, and other medications processed by your liver, you'll want to talk it over with your doctor or pharmacist before starting it, especially if you take any of those types of drugs. The evidence for its individual ingredients is sparse—most uses lack reliable proof.

If you're considering it, use the interaction checker on this page to run through your exact medications first.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Oct 21, 2017.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Recancostat 100, straight from the product label.

Brand Integrative Therapeutics
Barcode (UPC) 871791000551
Net contents 90 Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Oct 21, 2017
DSLD ID 78447
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free, Sugar Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Recancostat 100 by Integrative Therapeutics, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
45
UPC/BARCODE
871791000551
IngredientAmount% DV
L-Cysteine40 mg--
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) fruit extract0 NP--
L-Glutathione200 mg--
AnthoRedoxin100 mg--
Beet0 NP--
European Elder (Sambucus nigra) (berry) concentrate0 NP--

Other ingredients: Cellulose, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Ascorbyl Palmitate, Silicon Dioxide

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Brand IP Statement(s)

Recancostat is a registered trademark of Gernot Treusch.

AnthoRedoxin is a blend of anthocyanins exclusive to Integrative Therapeutics

Setria is a trademark of KYOWA HAKKO BIO Co., Ltd.

U.S. Patent 5,925,620

2017 Integrative Therapeutics, LLC

General Statements

For Sale in North America only.

Formulation

Contains no sugar, salt, yeast, wheat, gluten, soy, dairy products, artificial colors, flavors or preservatives.

General

LZ236005.E01 B050112E

FDA Disclaimer Statement

This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Formula

100 mg reduced Glutathione per cap

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Recommendation: Take 1 or 2 capsules with 12 ounces of water three times daily between meals, or as recommended by your healthcare professional.

Precautions

If pregnant, nursing, or taking prescription drugs, consult your healthcare professional prior to use.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Recancostat 100 by Integrative Therapeutics label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Recancostat 100 label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Recancostat 100 by Integrative Therapeutics

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container45 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

L-Cysteine

Interacts with
86 drugs
40 mg per serving

L-cysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid your body uses to make proteins and the antioxidant glutathione. Most people get enough from food, and su...

L-Cysteine monograph & interactions

L-Glutathione

No known
interactions
200 mg per serving

Glutathione is a powerful antioxidant your body makes naturally, and many people take it as a supplement hoping for skin, detox, or anti-aging benefit...

L-Glutathione monograph & interactions

AnthoRedoxin

100 mg per serving Form: Anthocyanins

Other (inactive) ingredients: Cellulose, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Ascorbyl Palmitate, Silicon Dioxide. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Recancostat 100 by Integrative Therapeutics Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Recancostat 100?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,109Drugs
938 Moderate 171 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Beet 861
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) fruit extract 275
European Elder (Sambucus nigra) (berry) concentrate 121
L-Cysteine 86

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Recancostat 100 interact with 1,109 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 5 ingredients in Recancostat 100 interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Beet Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) fruit extract European Elder (Sambucus nigra) (berry) concentrate L-Cysteine

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Recancostat 100 with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Beet3 drug types · 861 drugs

Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, beet might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that betanin, the major pigment in beet, competitively inhibits CYP3A4 in a dose-dependent manner similarly to strong CYP3A4 inhibitor ketoconazole.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antihypertensive Drugs

Beet and beetroot contain nitrates, which can cause vasodilation, potentially leading to lower blood pressure. However, a study published in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition using concentrated beetroot juice found no significant impact on blood pressure or heart rate in different age groups. Other small clinical studies suggest that while beet consumption might transiently lower blood pressure due to vessel dilation, there's no consistent evidence of a lasting effect. Overall, the theoretical risk of reduced blood pressure due to beet's nitrate content exists, but studies generally indicate a low and temporary impact rather than a sustained decrease.

Likelihood Possible Evidence A
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, beet might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that beet induces CYP1A2 enzymes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Beet full monograph & interactions

Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) fruit extract4 drug types · 275 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro, animal, and clinical research suggest that anthocyanidin extracts from bilberry can inhibit platelet aggregation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, bilberry leaf or fruit extract may increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Animal research suggests that bilberry leaf extract might have blood glucose-lowering activity. Also, one small clinical trial in patients with type 2 diabetes shows that taking bilberry fruit extract 470 mg as a single dose prior to an oral glucose tolerance test lowers plasma glucose levels when compared with placebo.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (Cyp2E1) Substrates

Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Animal research shows that exposure to small concentrations of bilberry extract in drinking water for around one month increased CYP2E1 activity by 31%. However, exposure over a 2-month period did not increase CYP2E1 activity. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Erlotinib (Tarceva)

Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might reduce the efficacy of erlotinib.
In vitro research suggests that bilberry fruit extract and its constituents, delphinidin and delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, inhibit the activity of erlotinib. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) fruit extract full monograph & interactions

European Elder (Sambucus nigra) (berry) concentrate2 drug types · 121 drugs

Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, elderberry might interfere with immunosuppressant therapy due to its immunostimulant activity.
Elderberry has immunostimulant activity, increasing the production of cytokines, including interleukin and tumor necrosis factor.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Pazopanib (Votrient)

Theoretically, elderberry might interact with pazopanib, potentially increasing the risk of adverse effects.
In one case, a 65-year-old patient taking pazopanib for 4 weeks for soft-tissue sarcoma developed severe nausea, loose stools, and elevated alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase levels and was diagnosed with grade 3 liver injury. The patient reported taking elderberry supplements for 2 years, dose unspecified, and was also taking a multivitamin and a calcium supplement. The patient's symptoms and liver enzyme levels improved upon discontinuation of pazopanib and all supplements. Pazopanib treatment was re-initiated, at a lower dose, with no further evidence of liver injury. It was unclear in this case report if the elderberry supplements were derived from the berry, the flower, or the combination.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
European Elder (Sambucus nigra) (berry) concentrate full monograph & interactions

L-Cysteine1 drug type · 86 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, taking L-cysteine supplements with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Animal research suggests that L-cysteine can have hypoglycemic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
L-Cysteine full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Recancostat 100, from the product label.

Integrative Therapeutics

See all Integrative Therapeutics products
Name
Integrative Therapeutics, LLC
City
Green Bay
State
WI
ZipCode
54311
Phone Number
800.931.1709
Web Address
integrativepro.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Recancostat 100 by Integrative Therapeutics: Common Questions

Does Recancostat 100 by Integrative Therapeutics interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Recancostat 100 has a known interaction with 1,109 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Recancostat 100 contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take Recancostat 100 while I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
L-cysteine, bilberry, and beet are likely safe during pregnancy and lactation based on available data. However, L-glutathione and elderberry should be avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding because there isn't enough safety information. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice before starting this product.
What are the most common side effects?
Bilberry may cause dark stools, flatulence, and stomach discomfort, plus possible darkening of the tongue and teeth. Beet commonly causes red or dark stools and red urine, which are harmless. Most people tolerate these ingredients well, but if you have a sensitive stomach, start carefully.
Will this help my athletic performance?
Beet is rated possibly effective for athletic performance and exercise-related muscle soreness, so there's some evidence it may help. The other ingredients lack reliable evidence to support claims about athletic benefit.
Is this safe if I have asthma?
The facts note that inhaled (nebulized) glutathione can cause airway narrowing and shortness of breath in people with asthma. This product is taken orally in capsule form, so that specific risk doesn't apply here, but you should mention your asthma to your pharmacist or doctor before starting any new supplement.
What is L-glutathione in this product supposed to do?
L-glutathione is an antioxidant that appears possibly effective for reducing nerve damage from the chemotherapy drug cisplatin. For other uses like fatty liver disease and Alzheimer's disease, evidence is insufficient to say whether it works.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Recancostat 100 label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Recancostat 100’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

L-cysteine

Interacts with 86 drugs

L-cysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid your body uses to make proteins and the antioxidant glutathione. Most people get enough from food, and supplements are usually well tolerated, bu...

Read the full L-cysteine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Glutathione

Glutathione is a powerful antioxidant your body makes naturally, and many people take it as a supplement hoping for skin, detox, or anti-aging benefits. However, strong human evidence is lim...

Read the full Glutathione monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Bilberry

Interacts with 275 drugs

Bilberry is a blueberry-like fruit rich in antioxidant plant compounds called anthocyanins, and it has a long history of traditional use for eye health, circulation, and mild diarrhea. While...

Read the full Bilberry monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Beet

Interacts with 861 drugs

Beet, especially beetroot juice, is a nitrate-rich food that may modestly lower blood pressure and slightly improve exercise performance in some people. It is generally safe as a food, but s...

Read the full Beet monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Elderberry

Interacts with 121 drugs

Elderberry is a popular herbal supplement, mainly taken to help with colds and flu. Some small studies suggest it may modestly shorten cold or flu symptoms, but the evidence is limited and n...

Read the full Elderberry monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Recancostat 100's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 37 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

L-cysteine 2 references
  1. Dowlati Y, Maheux M, Meyer JH. The effect of oral L-cysteine on breast milk and plasma cysteine concentrations. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020;16:3163-3172.
  2. Lee S, Han KH, Nakamura Y, et al. Dietary L-cysteine improves the antioxidative potential and lipid metabolism in rats fed a normal diet. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2013;77(7):1430-4.

See these in context on the L-cysteine monograph →

Bilberry 14 references
  1. Cignarella A, Nastasi M, Cavalli E, Puglisi L. Novel lipid-lowering properties of Vaccinium myrtillus L. leaves, a traditional antidiabetic treatment, in several models of rat dyslipidaemia: a comparison with ciprofibrate. Thromb Res 1996;84:311-22. PubMed
  2. Morazzoni P, Magistretti MJ. Activity of Myrtocyan, an anthosyanoside complex from Vaccinium myrtillus (VMA), on platelet aggregation and adhesiveness. Fitoterapia 1990;61:13-21.
  3. Erlund, I., Koli, R., Alfthan, G., Marniemi, J., Puukka, P., Mustonen, P., Mattila, P., and Jula, A. Favorable effects of berry consumption on platelet function, blood pressure, and HDL cholesterol. Am J Clin Nutr 2008;87(2):323-331. PubMed
  4. Hawrelak, J. A. and Myers, S. P. Effects of two natural medicine formulations on irritable bowel syndrome symptoms: a pilot study. J Altern Complement Med 2010;16(10):1065-1071. PubMed
  5. Morazzoni P and Magistretti MJ. Effects of Vaccinium myrtillus anthocyanosides on prostacyclin-like activity in rat arterial issue. Fitoterapia 1986;57:11-14.
  6. Pulliero G, Montin S, Bettini V, and et al. Ex vivo study of the inhibitory effects of Vaccinium myrtillus anthocyanosides on human platelet aggregation. Fitoterapia 1989;60:69-75.
  7. Bottecchia D. Preliminary report on the inhibitory effect of vaccinium myrtillus anthocyanosides on platelet aggregation and clot retraction. Fitoterapia 1987;48:3-8.
  8. Fdez, M., Zaragoza, F., and Alvarez, P. In vitro platelet aggregation effects of anthocyanosides of vaccinium myrtilus L. Anales de la Real Academia de Farmacia 1983;49:79-90.
  9. Biedermann L, Mwinyi J, Scharl M, Frei P, Zeitz J, Kullak-Ublick GA, et al. Bilberry ingestion improves disease activity in mild to moderate ulcerative colitis-an open pilot study. 2013 May;7(4):271-9. PubMed
  10. Hoggard N, Cruickshank M, Moar KM, Bestwick C, Holst J, Russell W, et al. A single supplement of a standardized bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) extract (36% wet weight anthocyanins) modifies glycaemic response in individuals with type 2 diabetes control
  11. Aichinger G, Pahlke G, Nagel LJ, Berger W, Marko D. Bilberry extract, its major phenolic compounds, and soy isoflavone genistein antagonize the cytostatic drug erlotinib in human epithelial cells. Food Funct 2016;7(8):3628-36.
  12. Prokop J, Lněničková K, Cibicek N, et al. Effect of bilberry extract (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) on drug-metabolizing enzymes in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2019;129:382-90. PubMed
  13. Chan SW, Chu TTW, Choi SW, Benzie IFF, Tomlinson B. Impact of short-term bilberry supplementation on glycemic control, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and antioxidant status in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Phytother Res 2021. Online ahead o PubMed
  14. Bøhn SK, Myhrstad MCW, Thoresen M, et al. Bilberry/red grape juice decreases plasma biomarkers of inflammation and tissue damage in aged men with subjective memory impairment -a randomized clinical trial. BMC Nutr 2021;7(1):75. PubMed

See these in context on the Bilberry monograph →

Glutathione 1 reference
  1. Marrades RM, Roca J, Barbera JA, et al. Nebulized glutathione induces bronchoconstriction in patients with mild asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997;156(2 Pt 1):425-30. PubMed

See these in context on the Glutathione monograph →

Beet 14 references
  1. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
  2. Clifford T, Berntzen B, Davison GW, et al. Effects of beetroot juice on recovery of muscle function and performance between bouts of repeated sprint exercise. Nutrients 2016;8. pii: E506. PubMed
  3. Siervo M, Lara J, Ogbonmwan I, Mathers JC. Inorganic nitrate and beetroot juice supplementation reduces blood pressure in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Nutr 2013;143:818-26. PubMed
  4. Clifford T, Howatson G, West DJ, Stevenson EJ. Beetroot juice is more beneficial than sodium nitrate for attenuating muscle pain after strenuous eccentric-bias exercise. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2017;42(11):1185-1191. PubMed
  5. Clifford T, Bell O, West DJ, Howatson G, Stevenson EJ. The effects of beetroot juice supplementation on indices of muscle damage following eccentric exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2016;116(2):353-62. PubMed
  6. Wylie LJ, Kelly J, Bailey SJ, et al. Beetroot juice and exercise: pharmacodynamic and dose-response relationships. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2013;115(3):325-36. PubMed
  7. Garnacho-Castaño MV, Palau-Salvà G, Cuenca E, et al. Effects of a single dose of beetroot juice on cycling time trial performance at ventilatory thresholds intensity in male triathletes. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2018;15(1):49. PubMed
  8. Rasica L, Porcelli S, Marzorati M, et al. Ergogenic effects of beetroot juice supplementation during severe-intensity exercise in obese adolescents. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2018;315(3):R453-R460. PubMed
  9. Henrohn D, Björkstrand K, Lundberg JO, et al. Effects of oral supplementation with nitrate-rich beetroot juice in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension-results from BEET-PAH, an exploratory randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crosso
  10. Serra-Payá N, Garnacho-Castaño MV, Sánchez-Nuño S, et al. The relationship between resistance exercise performance and ventilatory efficiency after beetroot juice intake in well-trained athletes. Nutrients 2021;13(4):1094. PubMed
  11. Haron MH, Dale O, Martin K, et al. Evaluation of the Herb-Drug Interaction Potential of Commonly Used Botanicals on the US Market with Regard to PXR- and AhR-Mediated Influences on CYP3A4 and CYP1A2. J Diet Suppl 2022. PubMed
  12. Hemmatinafar M, Zaremoayedi L, Koushkie Jahromi M, et al. Effect of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Muscle Soreness and Performance Recovery after Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Female Volleyball Players. Nutrients 2023;15(17):3763. PubMed
  13. Lim SH, Bae S, Lee HS, Han HK, Choi CI. Effect of Betanin, the Major Pigment of Red Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.), on the Activity of Recombinant Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023;16(9):1224. PubMed
  14. Oscherwitz M, Tamayo RM, Heudebert A, Centor R. A Case of Pseudo-Hematochezia from Beet Supplement Ingestion. Am J Med 2023;136(9):e177-e178. PubMed

See these in context on the Beet monograph →

Elderberry 6 references
  1. Barak V, Halperin T, Kalickman I. The effect of Sambucol, a black elderberry-based, natural product, on the production of human cytokines: I. Inflammatory cytokines. Eur Cytokine Netw 2001;12:290-6..
  2. Elderberry (Sambucus species). The Poison Plant Patch, Novia Scotia Museum, 2007. Available at: http://museum.gov.ns.ca/poison/?section=species&id=117 (Accessed 16 October 2009).
  3. European elder. Canadian Poisonous Plants Information System. Available at: http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/pp/ppack.jump?p_null=all&p_psn=121&p_type=all&p_sci=comm&p_x=px (Accessed 16 October 2009).
  4. Raus K, Pleschka S, Klein P, Schoop R, Fisher P. Effect of an echinacea-based hot drink versus oseltamivir in Influenza treatment: a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, multicenter, noninferiority clinical trial. . Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2015;20;77:6 PubMed
  5. Ramachandran A, Antala D, Pudasainee P, Panginikkod S, Gupta H. A Plausible Association Between the Use of Elderberry and Autoimmune Hepatitis. Cureus 2022;14(4):e24250. PubMed
  6. Agarwal N, Mangla A. Elderberry interaction with pazopanib in a patient with soft-tissue sarcoma: A case report and literature review. Mol Clin Oncol 2024;20(5):36. PubMed

See these in context on the Elderberry monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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