Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Based on 6 of 8 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Uni-Joint Formula Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Douglas Laboratories

Uni-Joint Formula label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Uni-Joint Formula against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Uni-Joint Formula is a dietary supplement by Douglas Laboratories with 8 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for cancer support (popular use), arthritis and joint pain, psoriasis.Based on those ingredients, 427 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Bilberry extract, Glucosamine Sulfate, Bromelain. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Uni-Joint Formula by Douglas Laboratories

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Uni-Joint Formula by Douglas Laboratories — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Uni-Joint Formula by Douglas Laboratories

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Partial disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Partial

Most active ingredients list an amount, but at least one is hidden in a blend or missing.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 6 of its 8 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (50 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Uni-Joint Formula contains eight ingredients, including the active ingredients glucosamine sulfate (for joint support), shark cartilage powder, bilberry extract, bovine cartilage, bromelain (a protein-digesting enzyme from pineapple), yucca powder, and two others we cannot fully evaluate: mucopolysaccharides and sea cucumber powder. The product also contains inactive ingredients—gelatin, cellulose, silica, and vegetable stearate—that serve as the capsule shell and binders.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Joint pain and cartilage support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Osteoarthritis, Joint pain, Knee pain, Back pain, Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Aromatase inhibitor-induced arthralgia — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Glucosamine is rated "Likely Effective" for Osteoarthritis (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Bovine Cartilage is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Osteoarthritis.
  • Also on file: Bilberry is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Exercise-induced muscle soreness, Osteoarthritis.

Glucosamine sulfate is rated likely effective for osteoarthritis. The other active ingredients have insufficient evidence in our data to establish their effectiveness: shark cartilage, bilberry, bovine cartilage, bromelain, and yucca powder lack reliable evidence supporting their use for the conditions mentioned in the product.

We hold no effectiveness data for mucopolysaccharides or sea cucumber powder.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Shark Cartilage Glucosamine Bilberry Bovine Cartilage Bromelain Yucca

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 6 of the 6 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 6 of 6.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 6 of 6.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Glucosamine and shark cartilage are generally well tolerated orally, though both can cause digestive upset—nausea, constipation, diarrhea, bloating, and cramping are the most common side effects. Shark cartilage carries rare serious effects including altered consciousness, weakness, and liver inflammation; it also advises against use during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data.

Glucosamine is not recommended in pregnancy or breastfeeding for the same reason. Bilberry fruit is likely safe in pregnancy and generally well tolerated, though it may cause dark stools or tongue discoloration.

Bovine cartilage, bromelain, and yucca powder lack adequate pregnancy and breastfeeding safety data, so they should be avoided during those periods. Bilberry and bromelain may trigger allergic reactions, including asthma in sensitive individuals.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Shark Cartilage Glucosamine Bilberry Bovine Cartilage Bromelain Yucca

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 6 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Bilberry, Glucosamine, Bromelain, Shark Cartilage.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 427 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, check with your pharmacist if you use warfarin (Coumadin) or any blood thinner or antiplatelet drug, since glucosamine and bilberry and bromelain may increase bleeding risk. Also double-check if you take immunosuppressants, diabetes medications, tetracycline antibiotics, acetaminophen, topoisomerase II inhibitors (etoposide, doxorubicin), or erlotinib—several ingredients interact with these drug types at Moderate or Minor severity.

No interactions are documented for bovine cartilage or yucca powder in our data.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glancePartially disclosed formula with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Uni-Joint Formula may be worth considering if you have osteoarthritis, but you should absolutely check your medications first—especially if you take warfarin, immunosuppressants, blood thinners, diabetes drugs, or tetracycline antibiotics. Several ingredients lack strong evidence for effectiveness and haven't been thoroughly safety-tested during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Talk to your pharmacist or doctor before starting, especially if you have allergies or take any prescription drugs.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 6 of 8 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jun 25, 2012.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Uni-Joint Formula, straight from the product label.

Brand Douglas Laboratories
Barcode (UPC) 310539003688
Net contents 60 Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jun 25, 2012
DSLD ID 10099
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Dairy Free, Sugar Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Uni-Joint Formula by Douglas Laboratories, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
60
UPC/BARCODE
310539003688
IngredientAmount% DV
Mucopolysaccharides0 NP--
Shark Cartilage powder150 mg--
Glucosamine Sulfate250 mg--
Bilberry extract5 mg--
Bovine Cartilage0 NP--
Proprietary Blend50 mg--
Bromelain150 MCU--
Yucca powder5 mg--
Sea Cucumber powder150 mg--

Other ingredients: Gelatin, Cellulose, Silica, Vegetable Stearate

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Usage: As a dietary supplement, adults take 1 capsule daily or as directed by your healthcare professional.

Precautions

KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN.

Tamper resistant package, do not use if outer seal is missing.

Warning: If you have an allergy to shellfish, (including crab and shrimp) you should not use this product.

Storage

For optimal storage conditions, store in a cool, dry place. (59(0)-77(0)F/15(0)-25(0)C) (35-65% relative humidity)

General

Formula #82891

FDA Statement of Identity

A Dietary Supplement

Formulation

This product contains NO yeast, wheat gluten, soy protein, milk/dairy, corn, sodium, sugar, starch, artificial coloring, preservatives or flavoring.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Uni-Joint Formula by Douglas Laboratories label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Uni-Joint Formula label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Uni-Joint Formula by Douglas Laboratories

These are the 8 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container60 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Shark Cartilage powder

Interacts with
121 drugs
150 mg per serving

Shark cartilage is a supplement made from the skeletal tissue of sharks that was heavily promoted for cancer and joint conditions, but good-quality cl...

Shark Cartilage powder monograph & interactions

Glucosamine Sulfate

Interacts with
170 drugs
250 mg per serving Form: Crab, Shrimp

Glucosamine is a natural compound found in cartilage and joint fluid, and it is one of the most popular supplements for osteoarthritis, especially of...

Glucosamine Sulfate monograph & interactions

Bilberry extract

Interacts with
275 drugs
5 mg per serving

Bilberry is a blueberry-like fruit rich in antioxidant plant compounds called anthocyanins, and it has a long history of traditional use for eye healt...

Bilberry extract monograph & interactions

Proprietary Blend

50 mg per serving

Bromelain

Interacts with
141 drugs
150 MCU per serving Form: Pineapple

Bromelain is a group of protein-digesting enzymes from pineapple that people take mainly for inflammation, swelling, and sinus problems. Some early st...

Bromelain monograph & interactions

Yucca powder

No known
interactions
5 mg per serving

Yucca is a desert plant traditionally used for joint pain, arthritis, and digestion, and it contains compounds called saponins thought to have anti-in...

Yucca powder monograph & interactions

Sea Cucumber powder

150 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Gelatin, Cellulose, Silica, Vegetable Stearate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Uni-Joint Formula by Douglas Laboratories Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Uni-Joint Formula?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
427Drugs
2 Major 405 Moderate 20 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Bilberry extract 275
Glucosamine Sulfate 170
Bromelain 141
Shark Cartilage powder 121

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Uni-Joint Formula interact with 427 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 8 ingredients in Uni-Joint Formula interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Bilberry extract Glucosamine Sulfate Bromelain Shark Cartilage powder

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Uni-Joint Formula with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Bilberry extract4 drug types · 275 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro, animal, and clinical research suggest that anthocyanidin extracts from bilberry can inhibit platelet aggregation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, bilberry leaf or fruit extract may increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Animal research suggests that bilberry leaf extract might have blood glucose-lowering activity. Also, one small clinical trial in patients with type 2 diabetes shows that taking bilberry fruit extract 470 mg as a single dose prior to an oral glucose tolerance test lowers plasma glucose levels when compared with placebo.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (Cyp2E1) Substrates

Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Animal research shows that exposure to small concentrations of bilberry extract in drinking water for around one month increased CYP2E1 activity by 31%. However, exposure over a 2-month period did not increase CYP2E1 activity. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Erlotinib (Tarceva)

Theoretically, bilberry fruit extract might reduce the efficacy of erlotinib.
In vitro research suggests that bilberry fruit extract and its constituents, delphinidin and delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, inhibit the activity of erlotinib. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Bilberry extract full monograph & interactions

Glucosamine Sulfate4 drug types · 170 drugs

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Glucosamine might increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin and increase the risk of bruising and bleeding.
In two individual case reports, glucosamine/chondroitin combinations were associated with a significant increase in international normalized ratio (INR) in patients previously stabilized on warfarin. In one case, the increase in INR occurred only after tripling the dose of a glucosamine/chondroitin supplement from 500 mg/400 mg daily to 1500/1200 mg daily. Additionally, 20 voluntary case reports to the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) have linked glucosamine plus chondroitin with increased INR, bruising, and bleeding in patients who were also taking warfarin. There have also been 20 additional case reports to the World Health Organization (WHO) that link glucosamine alone to increased INR in patients taking warfarin. The mechanism of this interaction is unclear. Glucosamine is a small component of heparin, but is not thought to have anticoagulant activity; however, animal research suggests that it might have antiplatelet activity.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Topoisomerase Ii Inhibitors

Theoretically glucosamine may induce resistance to topoisomerase II inhibitors.
In vitro research suggests that glucosamine might induce resistance to etoposide (VP16, VePesid) and doxorubicin (Adriamycin) by reducing inhibition of topoisomerase II, an enzyme required for DNA replication in tumor cells. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Acetaminophen (Tylenol, Others)

Acetaminophen might interfere with the activity of glucosamine sulfate by interacting with the sulfate portion.
Anecdotal reports suggest that adding glucosamine to an acetaminophen regimen might decrease pain control in patients with osteoarthritis. Some research suggests that the sulfate portion of glucosamine sulfate might contribute to its effect in osteoarthritis. Since acetaminophen metabolism requires sulfur and reduces serum sulfate concentrations, acetaminophen could theoretically interfere with the action of glucosamine sulfate. Conversely, the administration of sulfate could theoretically decrease the effectiveness of acetaminophen in sulfate-deficient people by increasing its clearance.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Antidiabetes Drugs

Despite initial concerns, it is unlikely that glucosamine will interfere with the effects of antidiabetes drugs.
In vitro and animal research has suggested that glucosamine might increase insulin resistance or decrease insulin production. This has raised concerns that taking glucosamine might worsen diabetes and decrease the effectiveness of diabetes drugs. However, clinical research suggests that glucosamine does not have adverse effects on blood glucose or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) in healthy, obese, or type 2 diabetes patients.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Glucosamine Sulfate full monograph & interactions

Bromelain2 drug types · 141 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
There is one case report of a patient experiencing minor bruising while taking bromelain with naproxen. Bromelain is thought to have antiplatelet activity. Whether this interaction is of concern with topical bromelain is unclear. Interference with coagulation of burn wounds has been reported in a patient receiving bromelain-based enzymatic debridement. However, observational research has found that topical bromelain debridement is not associated with increases or decreases in laboratory markers of coagulation when compared with surgical debridement.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tetracycline Antibiotics

Theoretically, bromelain might increase levels of tetracycline antibiotics.
Laboratory research suggests that bromelain might increase the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics. However, a study in healthy adults reported no difference in tetracycline plasma levels when a 500 mg dose was taken with or without bromelain 80 mg.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Bromelain full monograph & interactions

Shark Cartilage powder1 drug type · 121 drugs

Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, shark cartilage might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
In vitro evidence suggests that shark cartilage might stimulate immune responses. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Shark Cartilage powder full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Uni-Joint Formula, from the product label.

Douglas Laboratories

See all Douglas Laboratories products
Name
Douglas Laboratories
Street Address
600 Boyce Road
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
ZipCode
15205
Phone Number
1.800.245.4440
Web Address
www.douglaslabs.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Uni-Joint Formula by Douglas Laboratories: Common Questions

Does Uni-Joint Formula by Douglas Laboratories interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Uni-Joint Formula has a known interaction with 427 medications, including 2 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Uni-Joint Formula contains 8 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is glucosamine in this product safe if I take warfarin?
No—glucosamine sulfate and warfarin together carry a Major interaction. Glucosamine may increase warfarin's blood-thinning effect and raise your bleeding risk. You need to talk with your doctor before taking this product if you're on warfarin.
What are the most common side effects I might experience?
The most common side effects from the active ingredients are digestive: nausea, constipation, diarrhea, bloating, heartburn, and cramping. Some people may also experience dizziness or fatigue. These tend to be mild.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
The safety data is weak across most of the active ingredients. Shark cartilage, glucosamine, bovine cartilage, bromelain, and yucca powder all advise against use during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to insufficient safety information. Bilberry fruit is likely safe in pregnancy, but talk with your doctor or pharmacist before using this product if you're pregnant or nursing.
Does this product work for joint pain?
Glucosamine sulfate is rated likely effective for osteoarthritis. The other ingredients—shark cartilage, bilberry, bovine cartilage, bromelain, and yucca—lack reliable evidence in our data to support their use for joint conditions.
Can I take this with my diabetes medication?
Two ingredients interact with antidiabetes drugs: glucosamine at Minor severity (unlikely to cause problems despite older concerns) and bilberry at Moderate severity (it may theoretically increase low blood sugar risk). Check with your pharmacist before starting, especially if your blood sugar is hard to control.
What if I'm allergic to shellfish—is shark cartilage safe for me?
That's a good question, but our data doesn't address shellfish allergies and shark cartilage. Since shark cartilage can trigger allergic reactions in sensitive people, talk to your pharmacist about your shellfish allergy before taking this product.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Uni-Joint Formula is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Uni-Joint Formula label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Uni-Joint Formula’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Shark Cartilage

Interacts with 121 drugs

Shark cartilage is a supplement made from the skeletal tissue of sharks that was heavily promoted for cancer and joint conditions, but good-quality clinical trials have not shown meaningful...

Read the full Shark Cartilage monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Glucosamine

Interacts with 170 drugs

Glucosamine is a natural compound found in cartilage and joint fluid, and it is one of the most popular supplements for osteoarthritis, especially of the knee. The evidence is mixed, with so...

Read the full Glucosamine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Bilberry

Interacts with 275 drugs

Bilberry is a blueberry-like fruit rich in antioxidant plant compounds called anthocyanins, and it has a long history of traditional use for eye health, circulation, and mild diarrhea. While...

Read the full Bilberry monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Bovine Cartilage

Bovine cartilage is an animal-derived supplement that some people use for joint health, inflammation, and as an unproven cancer aid. The scientific evidence supporting these uses is weak and...

Read the full Bovine Cartilage monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Bromelain

Interacts with 141 drugs

Bromelain is a group of protein-digesting enzymes from pineapple that people take mainly for inflammation, swelling, and sinus problems. Some early studies are promising, but the overall evi...

Read the full Bromelain monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Yucca

Yucca is a desert plant traditionally used for joint pain, arthritis, and digestion, and it contains compounds called saponins thought to have anti-inflammatory effects. Human evidence for t...

Read the full Yucca monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Uni-Joint Formula's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 112 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Shark Cartilage 12 references
  1. Ashar B, Vargo E. Shark cartilage-induced hepatitis [letter]. Ann Intern Med 1996;125:780-1. PubMed
  2. Lane IW, Comac L. Sharks don't get cancer. Garden City, NY: Avery Publishing Group; 1992.
  3. Miller DR, Anderson GT, Stark JJ, et al. Phase I/II trial of the safety and efficacy of shark cartilage in the treatment of advanced cancer. J Clin Oncol 1998;16:3649-55. PubMed
  4. Leitner SP, Rothkopf MM, Haverstick L, et al. Two phase II studies of oral dry shark cartilage powder (SCP) in patients (pts) with either metastatic breast or prostate cancer refractory to standard treatment. Proc Am Soc Clinical Oncol 1998;17:A240.
  5. Batist G, Patenaude F, Champagne P, et al. Neovastat (AE-941) in refractory renal cell carcinoma patients: report of a phase II trial with two dose levels. Ann Oncol 2002;13:1259-63..
  6. Merly, L., Simjee, S., and Smith, S. L. Induction of inflammatory cytokines by cartilage extracts. Int Immunopharmacol. 2007;7(3):383-391. PubMed
  7. Bargahi, A., Hassan, Z. M., Rabbani, A., Langroudi, L., Noori, S. H., and Safari, E. Effect of shark cartilage derived protein on the NK cells activity. Immunopharmacol.Immunotoxicol. 2011;33(3):403-409. PubMed
  8. Leitner SP, Rothkopf MM, Haverstick DD, and et al. Two phase II studies of oral dry shark cartilage powder (SCP) in patients with either metastatic breast or prostate cancer refractory to standard treatment. Amer Soc Clin Oncol 1998;17:A240.
  9. Milner M. A guide to the use of shark cartilage in the treatment of arthritis and other inflammatory joint diseases. Amer Chiropractor 1999;21:40-42.
  10. Rosenbluth, RJ, Jennis, AA, Cantwell, S, and et al. Oral shark cartilage in the treatment of patients with advanced primary brain tumors. A phase II pilot study (meeting abstract). Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol 1999;18:A554.
  11. Saad F, Klotz L, Babaian R, Lacombe L, Champagne P, and Dupont E. Phase I/II trial on AE-941 (Neovastat) in patients with metastatic refractory prostate cancer (abstract presentation). Canadian Urological Association Annual Meeting (June 24-27, 2001).
  12. Merly L, Smith SL. Pro-inflammatory properties of shark cartilage supplement. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2015;37(2):140-7. PubMed

See these in context on the Shark Cartilage monograph →

Glucosamine 58 references
  1. Adams ME. Hype about glucosamine. Lancet 1999;354:353-4. PubMed
  2. Balkan B, Dunning BE. Glucosamine inhibits glucokinase in vitro and produces a glucose-specific impairment of in vivo insulin secretion in rats. Diabetes 1994;43:1173-9. PubMed
  3. Giaccari A, Morviducci L, Zorretta D, et al. In vivo effects of glucosamine on insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in the rat: possible relevance to the maladaptive responses to chronic hyperglycaemia. Diabetologia 1995;38:518-24. PubMed
  4. Holmang A, Nilsson C, Niklasson M, et al. Induction of insulin resistance by glucosamine reduces blood flow but not interstitial levels of either glucose or insulin. Diabetes 1999;48:106-11. PubMed
  5. Houpt JB, McMillan R, Wein C, Paget-Dellio SD. Effect of glucosamine hydrochloride in the treatment of pain of osteoarthritis of the knee. J Rheumatol 1999;26:2423-30.
  6. Barclay TS, Tsourounis C, McCart GM. Glucosamine. Ann Pharmacother 1998;32:574-9.
  7. Shankar RR, Zhu JS, Baron AD. Glucosamine infusion in rats mimics the beta-cell dysfunction of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 1998;47:573-7.
  8. Almada A, Harvey P, Platt K. Effects of chronic oral glucosamine sulfate on fasting insulin resistance index (FIRI) in non-diabetic individuals. FASEB J 2000;14:A750.
  9. Reginster JY, Deroisy R, Rovati LC, et al. Long-term effects of glucosamine sulfate on osteoarthritis progression: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2001;357:251-6.
  10. Does glucosamine increase serum lipid levels and blood pressure? Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter 2001;17(11):171115.
  11. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
  12. Monauni T, Zenti MG, Cretti A, et al. Effects of glucosamine infusion on insulin secretion and insulin action in humans. Diabetes 2000;49:926-35. PubMed
  13. Pouwels MJ, Jacobs JR, Span PN, et al. Short-term glucosamine infusion does not affect insulin sensitivity in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:2099-103. DOI
  14. Yun J, Tomida A, Nagata K, Tsuruo T. Glucose-regulated stresses confer resistance to VP-16 in human cancer cells through a decreased expression of DNA topoisomerase II. Oncol Res 1995;7:583-90.
  15. Pavelka K, Gatterova J, Olejarova M, et al. Glucosamine sulfate use and delay of progression of knee osteoarthritis: A 3-year, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Arch Intern Med 2002;162:2113-23. PubMed
  16. Tallia AF, Cardone DA. Asthma exacerbation associated with glucosamine-chondroitin supplement. J Am Board Fam Pract 2002;15:481-4..
  17. Scroggie DA, Albright A, Harris MD. The effect of glucosamine-chondroitin supplementation on glycosylated hemoglobin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial. Arch Intern Med 2003; PubMed
  18. Hoffer LJ, Kaplan LN, Hamadeh MJ, et al. Sulfate could mediate the therapeutic effect of glucosamine sulfate. Metabolism 2001;50:767-70.. PubMed
  19. Yu JG, Boies SM, Olefsky JM. The effect of oral glucosamine sulfate on insulin sensitivity in human subjects. Diabetes Care 2003;26:1941-2. PubMed
  20. Danao-Camara T. Potential side effects of treatment with glucosamine and chondroitin. Arthritis Rheum 2000;43:2853. PubMed
  21. Guillaume MP, Peretz A. Possible association between glucosamine treatment and renal toxicity: comment on the letter by Danao-Camara. Arthritis Rheum 2001;44:2943-4. PubMed
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Bilberry 14 references
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Bovine Cartilage 6 references
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Bromelain 19 references
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Yucca 3 references
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See these in context on the Yucca monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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