Vowst fecal microbiota spores, live-brpk 30000000 [CFU]/1 Capsule, 12-count — NDC 71881-400-12 (Billing 71881-0400-12)
This is a package of 12 capsules of Vowst fecal microbiota spores, live-brpk 30000000 [CFU]/1 Capsule from Aimmune Therapeutics, Inc., marketed since Apr 2023 and currently FDA-listed. It is this product's only package size.
Identity & classification
Regulatory identifiers FDA, NLM and CMS codes for this package
Drug-database identifiers Medi-Span GPI and First Databank GCN / HICL / AHFS classification
- GSN (GCN sequence number): 084699
- GCN: 54053
- GPI-14 (Medi-Span): 52522020100120
- HICL (First Databank): 048888
- AHFS class code: 56:92.00.00
- RxCUI (RxNorm): 2636542
Where does this data come from?
- FDA openFDA NDC Directory · synced Oct 1, 2026
- FDA label on DailyMed · label index refreshed Oct 1, 2026
- RxNorm (NLM RxNav) · catalog refreshed Oct 1, 2026
- Medi-Span GPI (licensed)
- First Databank (licensed) · refreshed Oct 1, 2026
Clinical
Patient education
Supplement & herbal interactions
Where does this data come from?
- MedlinePlus (NLM) · refreshed Oct 1, 2026
- FDA label on DailyMed · label index refreshed Oct 1, 2026
Ask a licensed pharmacist directly — free, answered by our team.
Pricing
A drug doesn't have one price. Each row is a different public payment system, and none is what you'd pay at the counter — that depends on your insurance. The ⓘ on each row explains what it measures.
| Price system | Per each | Per package |
|---|---|---|
| Retail pharmacies payNADAC · weekly | Not in the retail survey — common for institutional, discontinued, or low-volume packs. | |
| Medicaid paysCMS SDUD · 12 mo | No recent Medicaid claims on file for this NDC — rare and low-volume NDCs are suppressed in the public data. | |
| Medicare drug plans payPart D · Q2 2026 | $1,639.36 | $19,672.37 / 12 capsules |
Where does this data come from?
- CMS NADAC weekly file
- CMS ASP pricing files · refreshed Sep 20, 2026
- CMS Medicaid State Drug Utilization Data · refreshed Oct 2, 2026
- CMS Part D plan pricing files · refreshed Sep 24, 2026
- VA National Acquisition Center price file
Packaging — all sizes for this product
| Package NDC | Description | Marketing start | Marketing end | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 71881-0400-12 You're viewing this Main listing | 1 BOTTLE in 1 CARTON / 12 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE | 2023-04-26 | — | Active |
Therapeutic equivalents
| Product | Labeler | Pack | NADAC/unit | TE | Status | Price vs. this |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vowst 30000000 [CFU]this 71881-0400-12 | Aimmune | 12 capsules | — | — | FDA listed | — |
Where does this data come from?
- FDA openFDA NDC Directory · synced Oct 1, 2026
- FDA Purple Book · refreshed Sep 5, 2026
- CMS NADAC weekly file
Availability & biosimilar status
Biologics have no small-molecule generics; biosimilar competition is tracked in the FDA Purple Book.
Why the date isn’t exact: Biosimilar timing can change because patents may be challenged, settled, licensed, added or removed, and litigation can move the real date earlier or later.
🛈 What do these terms mean?
- Biologic patent
- A patent the reference product’s maker has publicly listed. A biosimilar generally can’t launch until these expire — unless they’re invalidated or resolved in a settlement.
- Reference-product exclusivity
- A flat 12 years of FDA market protection from the biologic’s first licensure (the BPCIA). No biosimilar can be licensed before it ends, regardless of patents.
- Interchangeable exclusivity
- The first interchangeable biosimilar can earn a period as the only interchangeable version (pharmacists can substitute it without the prescriber).
- Earliest biosimilar (LOE)
- The latest of all the dates above — the soonest a biosimilar can realistically reach the market. Litigation and settlements can move it earlier.
Biologics have no small-molecule “generics” — competition comes from FDA-licensed biosimilars, tracked in the FDA Purple Book.
| Code | What it grants | Expires |
|---|---|---|
| RefProduct | Reference-product exclusivity (12-year, BPCIA) — no biosimilar can be licensed before this date | Apr 26, 2035 |
Is there a biosimilar for VOWST CAPSULE?
Why do different websites show different biosimilar dates?
Can a biosimilar launch before the last patent expires?
What does “current Purple Book estimate” mean?
What does “FDA listed” mean?
What does a patent or protection date mean here?
Where does this data come from?
- FDA Purple Book · refreshed Sep 5, 2026
Inactive Ingredients / Excipients
Inactive ingredients, also called excipients, are components of the drug product other than the active ingredient. They may include fillers, dyes, coatings, preservatives, flavors, or other formulation ingredients.
💡 Tap an ingredient (hover on desktop) to see what it is and why it’s used.
-
UNII PDC6A3C0OX
Glycerin is a clear, thick liquid derived from plant oils or fats. It acts as a humectant to retain moisture, a sweetener, and a solvent in medications.
-
UNII 451W47IQ8X
Sodium chloride is common table salt. It's used in medicines as a buffer to maintain proper pH, as a filler to add bulk, or to adjust the osmotic balance in liquid formulations.
-
UNII 059QF0KO0R
Water is a liquid solvent that dissolves and mixes ingredients together in liquid medicines, syrups, and injections. It helps distribute the active drug evenly throughout the product.
3 inactive ingredients listed in the exact product block matched to this NDC.
Where does this data come from?
ingredient classCode="IACT" elements from the exact product block matched by this NDC. Label-section narrative from DailyMed / the openFDA label index is shown separately when available.- FDA label on DailyMed · label index refreshed Oct 1, 2026
- FDA openFDA NDC Directory · synced Oct 1, 2026
Inactive ingredient FAQ
Are inactive ingredients the same for every manufacturer?
Why might an inactive ingredient be missing?
Can inactive ingredients matter?
Manufacturer & labeler
Where does this data come from?
- FDA openFDA NDC Directory · synced Oct 1, 2026
- Drugs@FDA
Full prescribing information FDA SPL
🎯 Indications and Usage ▾
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE VOWST is indicated to prevent the recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in individuals 18 years of age and older following antibacterial treatment for recurrent CDI (rCDI). VOWST is indicated to prevent the recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in individuals 18 years of age and older following antibacterial treatment for recurrent CDI (rCDI). ( 1 ) Limitation of Use: VOWST is not indicated for treatment of CDI.
Limitation of Use: VOWST is not indicated for treatment of CDI.
⏱️ Dosage and Administration ▾
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION For oral administration only. ( 2 ) Prior to taking the first dose: Complete antibacterial treatment for rCDI 2 to 4 days before initiating treatment with VOWST. ( 2.1 ) Drink 296 mL (10 oz) of magnesium citrate on the day before and at least 8 hours prior to taking the first dose of VOWST.
In clinical studies, participants with impaired kidney function received polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution (250 mL GoLYTELY, not approved for this use). ( 2.1 ) The dosage of VOWST is 4 capsules taken orally once daily for 3 consecutive days. ( 2.2 ) Take each dose (4 capsules) on an empty stomach prior to the first meal of the day.
( 2.2 )
2.1Prior to taking the first dose Complete antibacterial treatment for recurrent CDI 2 to 4 days before initiating treatment with VOWST. Drink 296 mL (10 oz) magnesium citrate, on the day before and at least 8 hours prior to taking the first dose of VOWST. In clinical studies, participants with impaired kidney function received polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution (250 mL GoLYTELY, not approved for this use) [see Clinical Studies (14) ].
Do not eat or drink, except for small amount of water, for at least 8 hours prior to taking the first dose.
2.2Dosing regimen The dosage of VOWST is 4 capsules taken orally once daily for 3 consecutive days. Take each dose (4 capsules) on an empty stomach prior to the first meal of the day.
💊 Dosage Forms and Strengths ▾
3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Capsule. A single dose is 4 capsules. Capsule. A single dose is 4 capsules. ( 3 )
⛔ Contraindications ▾
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS None . None. ( 4 )
⚠️ Warnings and Cautions ▾
5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
5.1Transmissible infectious agents Because VOWST is manufactured from human fecal matter, it may carry a risk of transmitting infectious agents. Any infection suspected by a healthcare provider possibly to have been transmitted by this product should be reported by the healthcare provider to Aimmune Therapeutics, Inc. at 1-833-246-2566.
5.2Potential presence of food allergens VOWST is manufactured from human fecal matter and may contain food allergens. The potential for VOWST to cause adverse reactions due to food allergens is unknown.
🤒 Adverse Reactions ▾
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The most common adverse reactions (reported in ≥5% of participants) were abdominal distension (31.1%), fatigue (22.2%), constipation (14.4%), chills (11.1%), and diarrhea (10.0%). Most common adverse reactions (reported in ≥5% of participants) were abdominal distension (31.1%), fatigue (22.2%), constipation (14.4%), chills (11.1%) and diarrhea (10.0%). ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Aimmune Therapeutics, Inc. at 1-833-246-2566 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
6.1Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The safety of VOWST was evaluated in one Phase 3, randomized, double-blind clinical study (Study 1: NCT03183128) and one Phase 3, open-label clinical study (Study 2: NCT03183141) conducted in the United States and Canada. Adults with confirmed rCDI were required to have symptoms controlled 48 to 96 hours post-antibacterial treatment to be eligible for enrollment and randomization (1:1) to receive either VOWST or placebo (capsules containing 92 ± 4% glycerol in saline) for 3 consecutive days.
Participants with neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count of <500 cells/mm 3 ), toxic megacolon, or small bowel ileus were excluded from these studies. A total of 349 adults 18 years of age and older with rCDI were exposed to VOWST across both Study 1 (n=90) and Study 2 (n=259). Across both Study 1 and Study 2, 99.1% of adults (346/349) received all scheduled doses of VOWST.
Overall, across the 2 studies, the median age of VOWST recipients was 66 years (range, 21-100 years). The racial and ethnic distribution was as follows: 92.3% were white and 5.2% were black. In Study 1, females comprised 68.9% of the VOWST arm compared to 51.1% in the placebo arm.
Rates of the following comorbidities (at study entry) were similar across the VOWST and placebo arms: cardiac disease (33.3% and 31.5%, respectively), immunocompromise/immunosuppression (28.9% and 30.4%, respectively), diabetes (20.0% and 27.2%, respectively), and renal impairment (14.4% and 15.2%, respectively). In Study 2, 68.4% were females and representation of comorbidities was similar to Study 1. Adverse Reactions In Study 1, participants recorded solicited adverse events in a diary for 7 days after completion of the 3-day regimen of VOWST or placebo.
In both Study 1 and Study 2, participants were monitored for unsolicited adverse events by queries during weekly encounters for a period of 8 weeks. Monitoring for serious adverse events and adverse events of special interest (i.e., invasive infections) continued for a period of 6 months after the first dose of study drug. In Study 1, a multi-center, double-blind randomized (1:1), placebo-controlled trial conducted in the United States and Canada, adults 18 years of age and older (range: 18 to 100 years of age) received three daily doses of VOWST (n=90) or placebo (n=92).
Overall through the 24 week follow up period, 12 VOWST recipients (13.3%) and 37 placebo recipients (40.2%) did not complete the study. Participants with a recurrence of CDI during the first 8 weeks after receipt of first dose of VOWST or placebo were eligible to enroll into Study 2 and were no longer followed for safety in Study 1. During the first 8 weeks following VOWST or placebo, 5 participants (5.6%) and 28 participants (30.4%) respectively, did not complete 8 weeks of study participation.
Of these, 4 VOWST recipients and 25 placebo recipients discontinued Study 1 and enrolled in Study 2. In Study 1, within 8 weeks following VOWST or placebo, the most common solicited adverse reactions reported by ≥5% of VOWST recipients, and at a rate greater than that reported by placebo recipients, were abdominal distension (31.1%), fatigue (22.2%), constipation (14.4%), and c…
🔄 Drug Interactions ▾
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS VOWST contains bacterial spores; therefore, antibacterials should not be administered concurrently with VOWST. Antibacterials should not be administered concurrently with VOWST. ( 7 )
👥 Use in Specific Populations ▾
8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS
8.1Pregnancy Risk Summary All pregnancies have a background risk of major birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriages in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. There are no data on use of VOWST in pregnant individuals. Developmental toxicity studies in animals have not been conducted with VOWST.
8.2Lactation Risk Summary It is not known whether VOWST is excreted in human milk. Data are not available to assess the effects of VOWST on the breastfed infant or on milk production/excretion.The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered, along with the mother's clinical need for VOWST and any other potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from VOWST or from the underlying maternal condition.
8.4Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of VOWST in individuals younger than 18 years of age have not been established.
8.5Geriatric Use Of the 349 adults who received VOWST, 52.4% were 65 years of age and over (n=183), and 28.1% were 75 years of age and over (n=98). Data from clinical studies of VOWST are not sufficient to determine if adults 65 years of age and older respond differently than younger adults.
🤰 Pregnancy ▾
8.1Pregnancy Risk Summary All pregnancies have a background risk of major birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriages in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. There are no data on use of VOWST in pregnant individuals. Developmental toxicity studies in animals have not been conducted with VOWST.
🧒 Pediatric Use ▾
8.4Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of VOWST in individuals younger than 18 years of age have not been established.
🧓 Geriatric Use ▾
8.5Geriatric Use Of the 349 adults who received VOWST, 52.4% were 65 years of age and over (n=183), and 28.1% were 75 years of age and over (n=98). Data from clinical studies of VOWST are not sufficient to determine if adults 65 years of age and older respond differently than younger adults.
🧬 Clinical Pharmacology ▾
12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
12.1Mechanism of Action The mechanism of action of VOWST has not been established.
🧬 Mechanism of Action ▾
12.1Mechanism of Action The mechanism of action of VOWST has not been established.
📦 How Supplied / Storage and Handling ▾
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING VOWST is supplied as capsules in bottles with child-resistant caps. Each bottle contains 12 white capsules imprinted with "SER109". Each bottle is supplied in a carton. Bottles of 12 capsules: NDC 71881-400-12. Store VOWST in the original packaging at 2° to 25°C (36° to 77°F). Do not store in the freezer.
📦 Storage and Handling ▾
Store VOWST in the original packaging at 2° to 25°C (36° to 77°F). Do not store in the freezer.
📋 Description ▾
11 DESCRIPTION VOWST (fecal microbiota spores, live-brpk) is a bacterial spore suspension in capsules for oral administration. VOWST is manufactured from human fecal matter sourced from qualified donors. Human fecal matter donations are routinely tested for a panel of transmissible pathogens.
Donors do not have dietary restrictions with respect to potential food allergens. The spore suspension is generated by treating fecal matter with ethanol to kill organisms that are not spores, followed by filtration steps to remove solids and residual ethanol. Each capsule of VOWST contains between 1×10 6 and 3×10 7 Firmicutes spore colony forming units in 92 ± 4% (w/w) glycerol in saline.
💬 Information for Patients ▾
17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information). Inform patients not to take VOWST concurrently with antibacterials [see Drug Interactions (7) ].
Medicare Part D spend CMS · PART D · 2026 (Q1)
Reported adverse events (FAERS)
Top reported reactions
Reporter sex
Serious outcomes
Where does this data come from?
About this NDC listing & data coverage
What data is (and isn’t) available for this NDC — tap to expand
| NDC identity (package / product / labeler codes) | ✓ Available |
| Labeler | ✓ Available |
| Product & package description | ✓ Available |
| Marketing category & status | ✓ Available |
| Active ingredient / dosage form / route | ✓ Available |
| FDA label (SPL via DailyMed) | ✓ Available |
| Package photos | ✓ Available |
| Inactive ingredients (structured) | ✓ Available |
| NADAC pharmacy acquisition price (CMS) | — Not published for this NDC CMS publishes NADAC only for NDCs reported in its retail-pharmacy survey. |
| Orange Book / therapeutic-equivalence data | ✓ Available |
| HCPCS J-code billing crosswalk | — Not published for this NDC Most self-administered / retail products have no J-code — that is normal. |
| Medicaid utilization (CMS SDUD) | — Not published for this NDC CMS reports utilization only for NDCs with Medicaid claims above its privacy threshold. |